Fsh 2309.12 – Heritage Program Handbook
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FSH 2309.12 – HERITAGE PROGRAM HANDBOOK TABLE OF CONTENTS 0 CODE ............................................................................................................................ 1 Definitions ................................................................................................................. 1 Qualifications and Training ...................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER 1 - CONSULTATION & COORDINATION .................................................... 13 CHAPTER 2 – PLANNING ............................................................................................. 38 CHAPTER 3 – INVENTORY, EVALUATION, & USE ALLOCATION ............................. 47 CHAPTER 4 – PROTECTION AND STEWARDSHIP ..................................................... 66 CHAPTER 5 - PUBLIC OUTREACH .............................................................................. 96 CHAPTER 6 – MANAGEMENT OF HERITAGE COLLECTIONS ................................. 111 CHAPTER 7 – PERMITS, CONTRACTS, AND AGREEMENTS .................................. 126 CHAPTER 8 – INFORMATION MANAGEMENT & REPORTING ................................. 141 HERITAGE PROGRAM MANAGEMENT 2309.05 - Definitions -A- Adaptive Reuse: restoration or rehabilitation of an historic property such that it may be used for purposes other than its original purpose. Adaptive reuse may necessitate alterations to allow for the new use, but such alterations will maintain the historic integrity of the features that make the property historically significant. Examples include a lookout tower that is now a recreation cabin rental or a FS guard station that is now a visitor center. Adaptive reuse is a good way to ensure the protection and maintenance of an historic property that is no longer necessary for its original purpose. Adverse effect: Alteration to the characteristics that qualify a historic property for the National Register in a manner that would diminish the integrity of the property’s location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, or association. Also alteration to the conditions that allow the uses determined appropriate for a cultural resource in such a manner that those uses would not longer be possible. Advisory Council regulations at 36 FR 800 guide the determination of effect to historic properties. Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (Advisory Council): the Advisory Council as established by Title II of the NHPA. The Advisory Council is an independent executive agency that reports to and advises the President and the Congress on historic preservation matters. It is headquartered in Washington, D.C. Allocation: the process of assigning cultural resources to categories based on their values and potential uses. It is the culmination of the evaluation process and a means for prescribing standard protocols of protection and utilization. Archaeological resource: a term with legal definition and application that means any material remains of human life or activities. For purposes of evaluating significance under the NHPA these materials must be, with certain exceptions, at least 50 years old (36 CFR 60.4). For compliance with the ARPA, materials must be at least 100 years of age, and of archaeological interest (43 CFR 7.3.) Artifact: literally, human made, not natural; any object that shows evidence of human manufacture, modification, or use. In common usage “artifact” normally refers to portable prehistoric items such as implements made of stone, bone, pottery, or other durable material. Compare 43 CFR 7.3. Avoidance: preventing a potential adverse effect from occurring to a cultural resource by the partial or complete redesign or relocation of a proposed land use -C- Collections: artifacts, objects, field samples, historic documents, photographs, maps, oral interviews and all associated records under the direct care, protection, maintenance and management of the Forest Service in an appropriate curatorial facility (see below). Compliance: adherence to specific provisions of federal law, regulation, and policy. As historically applied to the Heritage Program, meeting agency responsibilities under Section 106 of NHPA. Compliance extends to all provisions of NHPA and other Federal historic preservation laws and regulations. June 4, 2007 1 Consultation: The process of seeking, discussing, and considering the views of other participants, and, where feasible, seeking agreement with them regarding matters arising in Heritage Program Management. Corporate Database: the FS Integrated Data Management System (INFRA). The heritage program component includes all inventory and cultural resources in a records and spatial (GIS) format. Cultural: of or pertaining to culture, the regularized, patterned, learned behavior shared by members of an interacting social group and passed from generation to generation, comprising the group's technology, economy, religion, arts, social organization, and more. A group's partly subconscious consensus on how things are done. Aspects of culture vary among contemporary groups and change through time. Culture may be viewed as a complex set of instrumental behaviors interposed between a group and its natural and social environment, and may be said to constitute the group's adaptation to its environment. Cultural Resource Overview: a comprehensive forest planning document that identifies and defines the activities necessary to understand, preserve, protect, enhance, and develop cultural resources. The overview is subject to periodic revisions as new knowledge is acquired. Curation: the long-term storage and maintenance of artifacts, objects, photographs and associated field and laboratory records (Collections, see above) in a stable condition within a secure space and curatorial facility. — D — Data Recovery: the professional application of archaeological techniques of controlled observation, collection, excavation and/or removal of physical remains, including analysis, interpretation, explanation, and preservation of recovered remains and associated records in an appropriate curatorial facility, used as a means of protection. Data recovery may sometimes employ professional collection of data such as oral histories, genealogies, folklore, and related information to portray the social significance of the affected resources. — E — Effect: Alteration to the characteristics that qualify a historic property for the National Register or to the qualities that contribute to the use(s) determined appropriate for a cultural resource. Advisory Council regulations at 36 FR 800 guide the determination of effect to historic properties. Enhancement: A general term that in historic preservation means any activity that preserves, restores, or interprets an historic property for use and enjoyment by the public. Evaluation: the process of determining the scientific, cultural, or historical value of a cultural resource and the application of the National Register eligibility criteria in 36 CFR 60.4. This is the basis for use allocation and assessment of project effect under 36 CFR 800. 2 June 4, 2007 — H— Historic context: "an organizing structure for interpreting history that groups information about historic properties that share a common theme, common geographical area, and a common time period. The development of historic contexts is a foundation for decisions about the planning, identification, evaluation, registration, and treatment of historic properties, based upon comparative historic significance" (National Register Bulletin No. 15, Glossary). Historic preservation: "includes identification, evaluation, recordation, documentation, curation, acquisition, protection, management, rehabilitation, restoration, stabilization, maintenance, reconstruction, or any combination of the foregoing activities" (National Historic Preservation Act, Section 301; Appendix 5) in relation to properties significant in American history, architecture, archaeology, or culture. Historic Preservation Plan, HPP: a written plan prepared by FS heritage specialists, and approved by the Forest Supervisor or District Ranger, that guides the protection, conservation, maintenance, development, pubic use and overall management of a specific historic property or historic property type. -I- Infra: Abbreviation for infrastructure. FS Integrated Data Management System Interpretation: The sharing of information with the public through brochures, signs, living history programs, presentations, or other communication media. -K- Keeper of the National Register: the individual who, under NHPA, has been delegated the authority by the National Park Service to list properties and determine their eligibility for the National Register. The Keeper may further delegate authority, as he or she deems appropriate. -M- Memorandum of Agreement: The document that records the terms and conditions agreed upon between the agency and the SHPO and Advisory Council to resolve the adverse effects of an undertaking upon historic properties. Memorandum of Understanding: a written plan between the FS and other parties (partners) for carrying out their separate activities in a coordinated and mutually beneficial manner. An MOU is framework for cooperation and is not a fund-obligating document. Mitigation: lessening the severity of a potential adverse effect by application of appropriate protection measures, recovery of archaeological data, or other means. Monitoring: systematic and periodic assessment of the physical condition of cultural resources and