ACTION PLAN of TIRUR RIVER Naduvilangadi-Thalakadathur

Home , Cheriyamundam, Purathur, Thalakkad, Tirur, Tirur railway station

ACTION PLAN OF TIRUR RIVER

Naduvilangadi-Thalakadathur

(PRIORITY – V)

JUNE 2019

1 Contents

Executive Summary 3-9

CHAPTER 1 Introduction 10-14

CHAPTER 2 River water quality monitoring 15-35

CHAPTER 3 Identification of source of pollution 36-37

CHAPTER 4 Action plan for Tirur river 38-46

2 ACTION PLAN OF TIRUR RIVER

Executive Summary

The draft action plan of Tirur River was submitted before Hon’ble NGT earlier on 15-12-

2019. The modified action plan is given below.

Tirur-Ponnani river is about 48 km length. Tirur river joins Bharathapuzha at ponnani and finally reaches Lakshadweep. The identified polluted river stretch of the river is from Naduvilangadi

(at poroor, 2 km away from Naduvilangadi junction) to Thalakkadathur. This stretch is a part of

Tirur-Ponnani river flowing across Malappuram district.

Nine drains were identified as joining this polluted stretch. The pollution load in terms of

BOD were assessed.. The map showing the drains and BOD load is given below.

Table 1 Pollution loads in drains

Sl No Drain Pollution Load BOD in TPD 1 Drain near Tirur Railway station 0.008 2 Thazhepalam drain 0.00093 3 Annassery darin 0.00086 4 Naduvilangadi drain (North annara) 0.031 5 Canal at CV Land 0.0024 6 Canal at Mangalam thuruth 0.0058 7 Canal at Pullooni 0.038 8 Drain near Mangattiri bridge 0.00039 9 Drain near Ettirikkadavu bridge 0.0014

As per the order G.O(MS)No.12/2019/WRD dated 30.04.2019, District level Technical Committee has been formed and meetings and field visits were conducted. Action plan prepared by concerned departments is detailed below:

4 1.1. Irrigation Department

Sl.No. Ref para no:48 Activity Cost in Department Timeline as per NGT order 673/2018 lakhs dated:20.09.2018 1.1.1 E Strengthening the right side bund 20 Irrigation 6 Months of Tirur- Ponnani puzha at Porur,ward no.I tirur Municipality 1.1.2 E Cleaning and development of old 10 Irrigation 6 Months Ponnani thodu at Thazhepalam 1.1.3 E Repair and Rehabilitation of 904 Irrigation 18 Months Koottayi Regulator cum Bridge across Thirur-Ponnani Puzha in Mangalam Gramapanchayat in Malappuram Dist

1.2. Tirur Municipality-Short term action plan

Work Unit Amount in Source of fund Time for Ref para Activity crore completion no:48 as per Sl no. NGT order 673/2018 dated:20.09.2 018 Provide 51 0.0271983 Suchitwa 2019 Dec septic tank Mission fund, 1.2.1 A (b) for nearest Plan fund houses

Establish ThumboorMoz 32 0.2665 Suchitwa 2020 march C (ii) ment of hi Model Mission, Plan Solid AerobicBin fund 1.2.2 waste Treatment Plant Establish Resource 1 0.0278 Suchitwa 2020 march ment of Recovery Mission fund, Non- facility Centre Plan fund Degradabl 1 C (ii) e waste Plastic 1.2.3 treatment Shreddeing Plant Unit 1

Segregation shed Slaughteri 2 Suchitwa 2020 Dece C (ii) ng House Mission fund, 1.2.4 Plan fund

5 Fencing Thalakkadathu 1 0.095 plan fund 2020 Dece C on r Bridge 1.2.5 Bridgesid e Installatio Thalakkadathu 1 0.0074 Plan fund 2020 may n of r Bridge E CCTV 1.2.6 Camera near the river Bank Planting 0.005 planfund 2020 June of Bamboo seedlings 1.2.7 E on the river bank (Thazhepa lam) Renovatio ETP with 1 0.01 planfund, 2019 June n of Aeorobic public Effluent System contribution treatment 1.2.8 A (b) plant at fish Market AMC Granted Setting up 1 0.5316712 Plan fund, 2020 june of STP at Public 1.2.9 A (b) Private contribution Bus stand Setting up 0.843 Plan fund, 2020 june of a new Public drain contribution after demolishi ng the old one. The old one was the hub of the waste water outlet of 1.2.10 A (b) the shops and other establishm ents. The proposed drain is constructi ng in the middle of the road so as to avoid instrusion of pipes 6 from outside

Identificat 0.000202 ion of ( fine illegal collected) outlets into storm water 1.2.11 A (b) drains and fine shall be imposed on such units

1.3 Cheriyamundam Gramapanchayat

Sl.no Ref para Work Place Unit/work Cost in Fund Completion no:48 as per NGT lakhs order 673/2018 dated:20.0 9.2018 1.3.1 C Fencing Thalakkadatur 1 2 Plan fund 2020 March on bridge side

1.4.Kerala State Pollution Control Board

Sl.no Ref para Activity Cost in Source of Time line Remarks no:48 as per NGT order lakhs fund 673/2018 dated:20.09. 2018 1.4.1 A a (iv) River water 1.5 National Ongoing; quality Water monthly frequency Monitoring Quality - Programme( Thalakkada NWMP),CP thur CB fund 1.4.2 A a (iv) River water 10,72,000 State Water Ongoing; quality monitoring Seasonal frequency Monitoring programme, KSPCB fund 1.4.3 A a (iv) Inspection KSPCB Ongoing; and funds Interval; effluent quality Red – 1 month, monitoring Orange- 3 months, of the flats, Industrial Green- 6 months units, Service stations, hospitals, auditorium, hotels in Municipal area

1.5 Action Plan by Ground Water Department

Sl.No Ref para no:48 as per Activity Ground Water Department NGT order 673/2018 dated:20.09.2018

1 B(i) Ground Water As per Groundwater resources of Kerala, resources and 2017 estimate a total number of 2 blocks regulation of ground (Tirur and Kuttippuram) comes under the water extraction by Tirur river basin. These two blocks are industries particularly semi-critical blocks and the stage of in over expolited as groundwater extraction ranges from 77.75 critical zones/blocks % to 77.92%

2 B(ii) Ground water The average pre -monsoon groundwater recharging / rain level ranges from 6.14mbgl - 8.49 mbgl. water harvesting

3 B(iii) Periodic ground waste quality assessment and remedial actions in No observation well along the river case of con taminated stretches ground water tube wells/bore wells or hand pumps

4 B(iv) For regulating use of ground water for irrigation purpose, The total irrigation draft in the area ranges adopting good from 49.14 - 870.97 ha.m. irrigation practices

5. ACTION PLAN BY GRAMAPANCHAYATH

No Name of Ref para no:48 as Activity Implementi Cost Source of Time line Rem per NGT order arks Grama 673/2018 ng agency fund panchayath dated:20.09.2018 1 Thalakkad C Handover fund OwnFund - Protection of Thirur to District 3,35,052 CFC Ponnani River Panchayat 400,000 - 64,948 31.03.2020

2 vettom E Installation of CC TV camera on Yetterikadavu Kunjulikkadavu Mangattiri Bridge, plan(Gen) - Aikkanchiri Bridge, KS SECURITY 6,00,000 Spill over due Paravanna Bridge SYSTEM 1,250,000 CFC -6,50,000 to lack of fund

3 Mangalam E Installation of CC TV camera

Win Plus Agency, Kondotty 407,000 Plan(Gen) completed

4 Mangalam C Haritha Keralam Thirur-Ponnani puzha protection

Nirmithi Kendra, Kozhikkodu 1,400,000 Plan(Gen) 31.03.2020

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Tirur River begins in the Tirur taluk, Athavanad village in Malappuram district of the Kerala state in south India and flows south-west to Thirunavaya and then north-west to Elamkulam where it turns south-west, joining the Bharathapuzha River, which flows into the Arabian Sea near the coastal town of Ponnani. It is known for its beautiful mangroves and its many varieties of fishes and birds.

Tirur River, in Malappuram district is navigable and forms part of west coast water transport system. The river now faces significant challenges for its survival. The main objective of the study was the assessment of the water quality of the Tirur River and identified polluted river stretch.

The water Quality Assessment of Tirur River has provided information on the status and magnitude of pollution with respect to desired water quality. The long term trends of water quality assessment have formed the basis for identification of Tirur river as polluted in its entire length.

1.1 Municipal sewage generation and treatment

The water quality deterioration was caused by the discharge of various industries like service stations,auditorium,hospitals,hotels, markets etc.situated in the Tirur municipal area along the river stretch. The effluent discharges from vegetable and fish market, bus stand and comfort station of Tirur municipality is also discharged into this drain.The residences located on the banks of the river also contributing their part to aggravate the situation. The various organic matters accumulated in the river caused in tremendous reduction of dissolved oxygen. But as per WP(C)27528/2012 of NGT almost all the Industries,hospitals and auditorium have provided ETP/STP .At present the main source of pollution is the kaithodu,the public drain passes through tirur Municipality and leads to Tirur River.

11 1.2 Watershed

The main watershed area in Tirur river are Mangalam ,Purathur,Thripangode and Thalakkad.

1.3 Land use

Broadly, four types of land use can be seen in the district. A large part of the area, especially the coastal tract and the midland areas come under arable land, used for cultivation of different crops, both irrigated and non-irrigated. The coastal tracts are densely inhabited. Forests are seen along the east and north, forming part of tropical evergreen forest supporting a variety of plant and animal life. Cashew and rubber are the main commercial crops of the area. The thick laterite ‘duricrust’ capping the hillocks generally does not support any vegetation, hence such areas are demarcated as wasteland.

1.4 Soil type

On the basis of morphological and physico-chemical properties, the Soil Survey Division of Department of Agriculture, Govt. of Kerala has classified the soils of the district into the following types:

Soils of the low lands (Alluvial soil)

Those are mainly seen along the coastal plains and valleys. The soils range from exclusively drained to moderately/well drained sand to sandy clay in nature.

Soils of Mid/Up lands (Lateritic soil)

These are mostly lateritic soil, and is seen along the mid land portion of the district. These are deep to very deep, well drained, and gravelly to clayey.

Soils of Central Sahyadri (Hydromorphic soil)

These are deep moderate, well drained and clayey soils with high gravel content. Erosion is moderate to severe. Hard laterites with rock out crops are present.

Soils of eastern part of Malappuram (Forest loamy soil)

12 These soils are deep or very deep and well drained with loamy to clayey textures and having fairly high gravel content.

1.5 Human Population

Population (2011)

101,330

• CityDensity 3,000/km2 (7,800/sq mi)

• Metro 1,698,645

1.6 Rainfall and Climate

The district has more or less the same climatic conditions prevalent elsewhere in the State viz. dry season from December to February and hot Season from March to May, The south-West monsoon from June to September and the North-East monsoon from October to December. The normal rainfall 0f the district is 2793 '3 mm' out of this major rainfall contribution is from south West monsoon followed by the North East monsoon. The south west monsoon is usually very heavy and nearly 73-5% of the rainfall is received dung this Season. North East monsoon contributes nearly l6'4% and March to May summer rain contributes nearly 9.9% at d the balance 0'2oh ts accounted for during January and February months.'

1.7 Activities

Agriculture and fishing are the main activities in Tirur River. At present there are no industries along the banks of river directly discharging the effluent into the river The River falls under priority IV category as per CPCB categorisation based on BOD values.

1.8 RIVER MAP OF TIRUR

CHAPTER II RIVER WATER QUALITY MONITORING

2.1 NWMP Stations in Tirur River

1. KOOLUPALAM 2. EZHUR 3. THALAKADATHUR(NWMP STATION) 4 .NADUVILANGADI 5. THAZHEPALAM 6. MANGATIRI

2.2 Study area –Identified polluted stretch (Naduvilangadi to Thalakadathur)

16 1. KOOLUPALAM

 It is a water pumping point for Thirunnavaya lift irrigation project.

2. NADUVILANGADI

It is the downstream of the Thalakadathur

15 3. THAZHEPALAM

Public drain from Tirur municipality joins the river at this point.

4. THALAKADATHUR (NWMP STATION)

It is a National Water Monitoring Point station. Also there is KERALA WATER AUTHORITY pumping station

2.3 Results of river water quality

As per the order, the stretch to be studied is Naduvilangadi to Thalakadathur .

There are five sampling points in Tirur river as per NWMP. They are koolulpalam, ezhur, thalakadathur ,thazhepalam and mangatiri from upstream to downstream..We have taken one sample from Naduvilangadi for analysis. .Naduvilangadi is located in between Thalakadathur and Thazepalam .The drainage from Tirur river joins at Thazhepalam..

In both upstream and downstream areas, field surveys were conducted. Water samples collecting sites were selected on the basis this preliminary studies and its impact on ecosystem. An interaction with local people living in the surrounding of the sampling sites were also done and gathered information regarding agriculture, water availability, water quality and socio-economic status. The water quality parameters namely pH, conductivity, total hardness, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD),COD ,Sodium and total coliform were analyzed as per standard methods .

The water quality of the Tirur River is better during rainy season due to high river flow compared to the summer season .Results of the physicochemical parameters indicated that water in Tirur river is contaminated and not safe for drinking and it is also unhealthy for the aquatic life. The microbiological examination of river water in respect of Total Coliform/100 ml has confirmed that the river water is unfit for direct consumption, bathing or any other domestic use.

` The water analysis result of tirur river (past 2 years and recent) is attached to this report.

2016

THAZHEPALAM(DOWN STREAM OF THALAKKADATHUR)

Sl Parameters JUN JUL AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC No.

1 PH 6.5 6.3 6.2 6.2 6.5 6.5 7.3 2 CONDUCTIVITY 197 192 188 231 418 1498 87850 3 DO 3.6 3.5 4.2 5.9 6.8 4.6 2.8 4 BOD 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.9 1.1 2.5 1.7 5 COD 2.5 4 2 4 4.4 10 8

6 SODIUM 26.98 29.25 29.95 30.78 4 313.4 2037.5 7 TOTAL 48 26 30 32 70 220 1250 HARDNESS 8 TOTAL 160 132 40 64 44 46 44 COLIFORM 2017

THAZHEPALAM

Sl Paramete JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JU JUL AUG SEPT OC NOV DEC No. rs N T

1 PH 7.6 7.5 6.5 7.2 7.3 6.2 7.1 6.4 6.6 6.5 6.5 6.3

2 CONDU 20000 27230 31580 32840 6466 168 255 159.9 116.4 155 332 CTIVIT 13430 .4 Y 3 DO 6.3 6.2 7 7.1 7.1 6 4 6.6 6.8 6 3.9 6

4 BOD 0.3 0.6 1.2 1.2 2.4 1.8 3.2 1.8 2.1 6.9 3.6 3.2

5 COD 1.2 2.4 4.8 4.9 10 7.2 14 7.2 8.4 28 14.4 12.8

6 SODIUM 3573 4170 7525 6934 7179 1874 36.4 39.54 10.1 12.9 19.7 42

7 TOTAL 2200 2700 4100 4000 4300 1000 42 40 38 25 34 50 HARDN ESS 8 TOTAL 48 72 52 64 112 52 48 80 120 58 360 250 COLIFO RM

THAZHEPALAM 2018 (UPTO NOVEMBER )

SLN PARAMETERS JAN FEB MAR A MAY JUN JUL AUG SEPT OCT NOV O PR 1 PH 6.9 7.5 6.9 7.4 6.8 6. 7 7 6.9 7.2 6.9 7 2 CONDUCTI 2000 16360 24800 3029 19250 524 151 150.6 227 221.8 292.8 VITY 3 DO 3.7 7.9 6.4 6.4 6.3 4 3.5 3.5 5.3 4.2 5.5

4 BOD 4.4 0.4 1.2 2.4 0.8 2 0.8 0.8 3 3.6 1.3

5 COD 18 2 5 10 4 8 4 4 12 14.5 5.2

6 SODIUM 918 4616 8100 5200 12 73.2 17 9 32.04 30.48 11.53

7 TOTAL 175 2600 900 7748 41 90 28 18 32 32 22 HARDNESS 8 TOTAL 280 240 10 18 12 9 38 48 48 32 100 COLIFORM 0 8 0 2

2016

THALAKKADATHUR

SLNO PARAMETERS JAN FEB MAR AP MAY JUN JU AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC R L 1 PH 6.6 6.8 6.9 7.3 6.5 6.7 6.8 6.5 6.4 6.5 6.8 7.5 2 CONDUCTIVIT 1020 1648 17 Y 97 228 2280 0 0 160 68 0 130 123 132 227 3 DO 4 5.8 3.1 3.5 3 3.8 5.7 4.4 6.4 4.5 4.6 2.1 4 BOD 0.5 1.3 1.1 1.5 1 1.8 2.1 0.2 0.8 1.5 3 2 5 COD 2.1 6 4.5 6 4 7.5 8.5 1 3.5 6 32 8 6 SODIUM 14 38 228 400 220 30 22 48 36 28 32 42 7 TOTAL 15. 459. 13. HARDNESS 35 36 6 2338 3844 35.47 15 34 15.5 20.43 39.84 8 TOTAL COLIFORM 120 88 96 100 80 80 128 44 72 60 44 80

2017

THALAKKADATHUR

SL. PARAMETE JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC NO. RS

1 PH 7.3 7.4 7 7.4 6.9 4.7 7 6.3 6.5 6.8 6.4 6.4 2 CONDUCTIV 854 1956 19 2536 307 23 85.0 ITY 6 0 570 0 50 12000 100.6 1 91 5 91.8 168 3 DO 3. 6.2 6.3 9 5.6 6.4 5.3 5.2 6 6.1 5.9 3.9 3.1 4 BOD 2. 0.9 3.6 4 2.7 2.4 2.7 3.3 1.5 1.2 0.6 1.8 1.6 5 COD 4 14 10 11 10 11 13.5 6 5 2.5 7.5 6.5 6 SODIUM 26 280 900 1902 00 3200 0 1300 24 10 25 18 22 30

7 TOTAL 162 35 630 HARDNESS 5 3120 53 5645 6 2307 19.83 51 11.5 9.64 10.2 21 8 TOTAL COLIFORM 48 64 12 184 100 60 24 48 52 125 110 240 THALAKADATHUR 2018

PARAMET JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEPT OCT NOV ERS

PH 6.5 6.9 7 7.2 7 7.3 7.1 7 6.8 7 7 NADUVILANGADI CONDUCTI 82 100 138 141 133 99 80 71 91 79.49 84 NOVEMBER 2018 VITY DO 8 6.7 7.5 7.2 5 6.4 7 6 6.7 8.6 7.1

BOD 0.4 1.2 1.2 2.2 1.2 3.6 1.6 0.6 2 2.8 0.2

COD 2 5 5 11 11 15 6.5 2.5 8 12 1

SODIUM 26 28 35 35 37 28 26 20 20 22 28

TOTAL 74 10 12 13 12.2 10 7 7 8.81 7.99 3.19 HARDNESS TOTALCOL 10 132 141 180 76 60 40 44 32 20 240 IIFORM 0

ANALYSIS REPORT NADUVILANGADI(UPPER STREAM AND DOWNSTREAM)

SLNO PARAMETERS UPPER STREAM DOWNSTREAM

1 PH 6.9 7.1 2 CONDUCTIVITY 292.8 1500 3 DO 5.5 4.4 4 BOD 1.3 1.1 5 COD 6 4.3 6 TOTAL HARDNESS 22 171 7 SODIUM 11.53 80 8 TOTAL COLIFORM 100 100

2.4 Results and Conclusion

The parameters shows seasonal fluctuations and the pollution was more in summer compared to the rainy season. Temperature of environment and river affects the physico-chemical parameters of water. The increase in water temperature leads to the speeding up of chemical reactions in water, reduces the solubility of gases and amplifies the taste and odour. Temperature of Tirur river water ranged from 28.5°C to 32.6°C. The pH range suitable for the existence of most biological life is quite narrow and critical, and is typically 6-9.

The pH value of the water varied from 6.4 to 7.5. pH range between 6.5 and 9.5 has been found to be suitable for fish production . The pH values of all the sites during the sampling period were within the prescribed limits (6.5-8.5) as per standards.

24 The conductivity values in the water samples ranged from 68 to 31000 μS/cm. According to BIS standards, the desired limit of electrical conductivity of river water is 50 to3000 μS/cm. From the result of the present study, it is noticed that Electrical conductivity of the water samples at various sites of Tirur river are exceeding the desired limit.

Total hardness in the river vary from 10mg/L to 3200 mg/L. Total hardness of surface water varied according to seasons. The analysis revealed that the total hardness of water exceeded the desirable limit during summer season (as per BIS, desirable limit is 200mg/L and permissible limit is 600mg/L. The increase in hardness may be due to the domestic activities like washing of clothes, animals, vehicles etc. in the river. oxygen concentration ranged from 2.1 to 7 mg/L in the study. The low levels of DO concentration in the fresh water aquatic systems is an indication of high levels of organic pollution . During summer, dissolved oxygen concentration is low in this stretch. From this it is clear that Tirur River water is unfit for the survival of aquatic life in summer season.

As per the analysis report BOD values ranges from 0.2-4.4mg/l. The highest value 4.4 mg/L is obtained in May and October 2018 at THALAKADATHUR

Total Coliform value ranges from 12 to 280 TC/100ml in 2018 .E.coli in fresh water can indicate the presence of pathogens from animal or human feces. The higher value of coliform bacteria and organic pollution is mainly due to discharge of septic waste and wastewater directly through small drains into the river.

Survey conducted in the study area revealed that the main problem in Tirur river is due to the dumping of garbage and solid waste (including poultry waste), direct sewage discharge (from houses, hotels and markets) and discharge from small industries are the main reason for Tirur river pollution. Transformation of paddy lands for various purposes, and filling up of ponds, natural streams and canals in between the dry lands also affected water quality and the flow of Tirur River. Constructed encroachments of urbanization (especially in and around Tirurtown) and encroachments by villagers within river corridors and floodplains are frequent in the river bank. The channel of Tirur River is shrinking and vacated land is getting available for human settlements, which are mostly unplanned, and therefore, obstructing the original path of rivers leading to high risk. Encroachment increases impervious cover adjacent to rivers and thereby

25 increasing the rate and volume of runoff, loading of sediment and other pollutants, and temperature of the receiving water .

From the analysis report the Minimum,Maximum and Average values of the parameters are shown in the table.

TIRUR RIVER

SL PARAM 2016 2017 2018 NO. ETERS MI MAX AVE. MIN. MAX AVE. MI MAX AVE. N. . . N. . 1 PH 6.4 7.5 6.8 4.7 7.4 6.67 6.4 7.5 6.9

2 CONDUCTI 68 16480 2524.5 85.05 30750 9712.9 84 23350 5127.0 VITY

3 2.1 6.4 4.24 3.1 6.4 5.325 3.1 7 4.42 DO 4 0.5 3 1.4 0.9 2.7 2.05 1.1 4.4 2.44 BOD 5 1 12 5.76 2.5 11 8.41 5 20 10.8 COD 6 TOTAL 14 400 94.8 10 3200 1069.2 13 1925 393.7 HARDNESS 7 SODIUM 15 3844 570.6 9.64 6306 1889.9 5.49 4860 1081.9

8 TOTAL 44 128 82.66 12 240 88.9 40 280 214.2 COLIFORM

26 THE GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION FOR THE COMPARISON(2016&2017) OF MEASURABLE WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS IN TIRUR RIVER ARE SHOWN BELOW.

TIRUR RIVER AT THALAKADATHUR

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC 2016 6.6 6.8 6.9 7.3 6.5 6.7 6.8 6.5 6.4 6.5 6.8 7.5 2017 7.3 7.4 7 7.4 6.9 4.7 7 6.3 6.5 6.8 6.4 6.4 2018 6.6 7.5 7.4 7.5 7.4 6.5 6.9 6.7 7.1 6.9 6.4

6 2016

2017

41 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC

27 CONDUCTIVITY

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC 2016 97 228 2280 10200 16480 160 68 170 130 123 132 227 2017 8546 19560 19570 25360 30750 12000 100.6 231 91 85.05 91.8 168 2018 291 2310 12256 23350 17500 204 88 84 106 110.3 100

35000

30000

25000

20000 2016

15000 2017

10000

5000

0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAYJUNEJULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC

28 DO

FE JUN JUL JAN MAR APR MAY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC B E Y 2016 4 5.8 3.1 3.5 3 3.8 5.7 4.4 6.4 4.5 4.6 2.1 2017 6.2 6.3 3.9 5.6 6.4 5.3 5.2 6 6.1 5.9 3.9 3.1 2018 3.5 3.1 4.4 4 7 4.4 4.7 3.5 4.9 4.8 4.3

4 2016

3 2017

0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC

29 BOD

MA MA JUN JUL AU SEP OC NO DE JAN FEB APR R Y E Y G T T V C 201 0.5 1.3 1.1 1.5 1 1.8 2.1 0.2 0.8 1.5 3 2 6 201 0.9 3.6 2.4 2.7 2.4 2.7 3.3 1.5 1.2 0.6 1.8 1.6 7 201 3.2 2 2.4 3.6 4.4 1.2 1.2 1.3 2.1 4.4 1.1 8

3.5

3 2016

2017

2.51

0.52 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC

1.50

30 COD

MA MA JUN JUL AU SEP OC NO DE JAN FEB R APR Y E Y G T T V C 201 6 2.1 6 4.5 6 4 7.5 8.5 1 3.5 6 12 8 201 7 4 14 10 11 10 11 13.5 6 5 2.5 7.5 6.5 201 8 13 8 10 15 18 11 5 5.5 8.5 20 5

12 2016

2017

104

28 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC

31 TOTAL HARDNESS

JA MA MA JUN JUL AU SEP OC NO DE N FEB R APR Y E Y G T T V C 201 6 14 38 228 400 220 30 22 48 36 28 32 42 201 7 900 1902 2600 3200 2800 1300 24 10 25 18 22 30 201 8 50 245 1450 1925 500 42 18 13 36 25 27

3500

3000

2016 2500 2017 1000

2000

500 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC 1500

32 SODIUM

MA JUN JUL AU SEP NO JAN FEB MAR APR Y E Y G T OCT V DEC 201 15.3 13.3 20.4 39.8 6 5 36 459.6 2338 3844 35.47 15 4 15.5 15.2 3 4 201 7 1625 3120 3553 5645 6306 2307 19.83 51 11.5 9.64 10.2 21 201 13.0 15.0 8 40 459 2363 4860 4100 25 10 11 1 7 5.49

7000

6000

2016 5000 2017 2000

4000

1000 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC 3000

TOTAL COLIFORM TIRUR RIVER

MA MA JUN JUL AU SEP OC NO DE JAN FEB R APR Y E Y G T T V C 201 6 120 88 96 100 80 80 128 44 72 60 44 80 201 7 48 64 12 184 100 60 24 48 52 125 110 240 201 8 80 200 240 280 52 80 80 996 68 40 240

300

250

2016 200 2017 100

150

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC

The identified polluted river stretch in Tirur river is from Naduvilangadi (at poroor, 2 km away from Naduvilangadi junction) to Thalakkadathur. This stretch is a part of Tirur-Ponnani river flowing across Malappuram district. The total length of the polluted stretch is 4 to 5 km. No tributaries are joining at this stretch. The total length of the Tirur-Ponnani river is about 48 km. Tirur river joins Bharathapuzha at ponnani and finally reaches Lakshadweep.

KSPCB is regularly monitoring at 5 points viz., Koloopalam, Ezhur, Thazhepalam, Thalakkadathur and Mangattiri under NWMP/SWMP. The analysis result for the past 4 months at these points is attached as Table.1.

Table.1. Analysis Report of SWMP and NWMP Stations in Tirur River (From January 2019 to April 2019)

Months Parameters Stations Thalakka Mangattiri Koloopalam Ezhur Thazhepalam Naduvilangadi dathur (SWMP) (NWMP (SWMP) (SWMP) (SWMP) (recent stretch) station)

January DO 6.2 5.9 7.4 3.9 7 4 BOD 1.2 1.1 1.7 1.6 1.5 3.1 February DO 6.4 3.8 8.1 4.1 8.6 5.8

BOD 3 1.1 2.1 1. 1.3 2.6 March DO 2.1 2.6 Dried 3.8 3.1 4.1 BOD 1.1 1.4 Dried 1.1 1.1 3.2 April DO 2.3 3 Dried Dried 2.3 4.2 BOD 1 2.3 Dried Dried 1.6 3.4

CHAPTER 3

IDENTIFICATION OF SOURCE OF POLLUTION

In compliance with the NGT order, KSPCB has identified 3 drains and the pollution loads in terms of BOD were assessed. The details of the same is given below

Table 3.1 Pollution loads in drains

Sl No Drain Pollution Load BOD in TPD 1 Drain near Tirur Railway station 0.008

2 Thazhepalam drain 0.00093

3 Annassery darin 0.00086

4 Naduvilangadi drain (North annara) 0.031

5 Canal at CV Land 0.0024

6 Canal at Mangalam thuruth 0.0058

7 Canal at Pullooni 0.038

8 Drain near Mangattiri bridge 0.00039

9 Drain near Ettirikkadavu bridge 0.0014

The map showing the drains is attached given below. The location of the drains were identified and marked by ENVISAN app.

CHAPTER 4

ACTION PLAN FOR TIRUR RIVER

As per the order G.O(MS)No.12/2019/WRD dated 30.04.2019, District level Technical Committee has been formed and the first meeting was conducted on 18.05.2019 at KSPCB, DO, Malappuram chaired by the Chief Environmental Engineer, KSPCB, Regional Office, Kozhikode. The minutes of the meeting is attached as Annexure 2. In the meeting, it was decided to conduct a joint inspection at the polluted stretch. The team comprising of the following officers conducted joint inspection on 20.05.2019

1. Assistant Executive Engineer, Assistant Engineers from Irrigation department, Tirur

2. Program Officer, Suchitwa Mission, Malappuram

3. Secretary, Tirur Municipality

4. Environmental Engineer, Assistant Engineer, Assistant Scientist, Kerala State Pollution Control Board, District office, Malappuram. The team inspected the following sites

1.Thalakkadathur Bridge

No huge dumping of wastes was seen at the area during inspection. But some plastic covers (waste) were seen deposited on the banks and in the river stretch. Irrigation department informed that it will consume a good amount of time for conducting desilting activities and hence as an immediate measure, the municipality was instructed to initiate action to hand pick wastes in boats by workers. In order to avoid further dumping, cameras are to be installed and metal fencing to be provided on either side of the bridge. One side comes under the municipal area and the other side under Cheriyamundam grama panchayath. KSPCB has already assessed the waste water treatment systems provided at the nearby industrial units, viz., A.M Motors, Kadeeja Auditorium, Safiya Auditorium, Al Noor Hospital located at Thalakkadathur near banks of the river/near the bridge. A show cause notice has already been issued to M/s Al Noor hospital

38 on account of non-functioning of STP in the unit. KSPCB shall monitor the progress. No open discharge was seen at these points.

2.Old Ponnani thodu (North Annara)

It is also known as old ponnani thodu, comes under Tirur municipal area. During inspection, about 3.8m length stretch of the thodu was seen stagnated with plastic bottles, covers, coconut husk etc. and also the width of the thodu was seen reduced. Irrigation department should take action to preserve the width and the municipality is liable to take action for cleaning this portion. Irrigation department agreed to provide a shutter at the point to avoid further reach of wastes at the old ponnani thodu . No open/direct discharge was seen at this point from any unit.

3.Thazhepalam Railway Byepass road

A drain containing waste water from the waste water treatment of Kerala Water Authority plant is seen joined at Thazhepalam. Notice issued to KWA by KSPCB. At the area plastic bottles, covers, coconut husk were also seen scattered which is to be cleaned by the Tirur municipality.

4.Vanchichal(behind Tirur Railway station)

Vanchichal (behind Tirur Railway station) is identified as the most polluted area in the stretch. Due to the accumulation of waste slurry and silting, water was seen stagnant and infiltration of the same polluted water was found to reach the Titur River stretch. The major pollution source at this point is from Tirur Railway station. No effective liquid/solid waste treatment system has been provided at the station. KSPCB issued Notice to Tirur Railway station.

5.Tirur Municipality Fish Market

With the great effort of municipality, the issue prevailing before has been solved for the time being. At present the waste water is contained at the market itself and no waste water reaches at the stretch. Effluent Treatment Plant already provided at the market need revamping and it is progressing. At present no discharge was seen flowing outside from the market.

6.Mangattiri bridge

Thalakkad grama panchayath provided net at both sides of the bridge to avoid the reach of solid wastes near the bridge. At present no wastes are seen dumped there.

7.Ettirikkadavu

A drain (storm water) was previously present at this area and the BOD value was analysed and measured as 4.1 mg/l. But the team visited the site and at present, there was no direct discharge seen at the point and no visible drains.

8.Panampalam (in Cheriyamundam Panchayath) Bridge

Solid wastes are seen dumped at the site near the Masjid. Camera need to be provided by the Cheriyamundam Panchayath as the area is under their jurisdiction.

Action plans submitted by concerned departments are detailed below: 1.1. Irrigation Department

Sl.No. Activity Cost in Department Timeline lakhs 1.1.1 Strengthening the right side bund 20 Irrigation 6 Months of Tirur- Ponnani puzha at Porur,ward no.I tirur Municipality 1.1.2 Cleaning and development of old 10 Irrigation 6 Months Ponnani thodu at Thazhepalam 1.1.3 Repair and Rehabilitation of 904 Irrigation 18 Months Koottayi Regulator cum Bridge across Thirur-Ponnani Puzha in Mangalam Gramapanchayat in Malappuram Dist

1.2. Tirur Municipality-Short term action plan

Ref para no:48 Activity Work Unit Amount in Source of Time for as per NGT crore fund completion order 673/2018 Sl no. dated:20.09.2018

Provide septic 51 0.0271983 Suchitwa 2019 Dec tank for nearest Mission 1.2.1 houses fund, Plan fund

Establishment of ThumboorMozhi 32 0.2665 Suchitwa 2020 march C (ii) Solid waste Model Mission, 1.2.2 Treatment Plant AerobicBin Plan fund

Establishment of Resource 1 0.0278 Suchitwa 2020 Non-Degradable Recovery Mission march waste treatment facility Centre fund, Plan Plant 1 fund C (ii) Plastic 1.2.3 Shreddeing Unit 1 Segregation shed

Slaughtering 2 Suchitwa 2020 Dece A (b) House Mission 1.2.4 fund, Plan fund

Fencing on Thalakkadathur 1 0.095 plan fund 2020 Dece Bridgeside Bridge 1.2.5 C

Installation of Thalakkadathur 1 0.0074 Plan fund 2020 may CCTV Camera Bridge near the river 1.2.6 E Bank

Planting of 0.005 planfund 2020 June Bamboo seedlings 1.2.7 on the river bank A (b) (Thazhepalam)

Renovation of ETP with 1 0.01 planfund, 2019 June Effluent treatment Aeorobic System public plant at fish contribution 1.2.8 A (b) Market AMC Granted

Setting up of STP 1 0.5316712 Plan fund, 2020 june 1.2.9 A (b) at Private Bus Public stand contribution Setting up of a 0.843 Plan fund, 2020 june new drain after Public demolishing the contribution old one. The old one was the hub of the waste water outlet of the shops 1.2.10 A (b) and other establishments. The proposed drain is constructing in the middle of the road so as to

avoid instrusion of pipes from outside

Identification of 0.000202 illegal outlets into ( fine storm water drains collected) 1.2.11 A (b) and fine shall be imposed on such units

1.3 Cheriyamundam Gramapanchayat

Sl.no Ref para Work Place Unit/work Cost in Fund Completio no:48 as per NGT lakhs n order 673/2018 dated:20. 09.2018 1.3.1 C Fencing Thalakkadatur 1 2 Plan 2020 on bridge fund March side

1.4.Kerala State Pollution Control Board

Sl.no Ref para Activity Cost in Source of fund Time line Remarks no:48 as per NGT lakhs order 673/2018 dated:20.0 9.2018 1.4.1 A (a) River water quality 1.5 National Water Ongoing;

Monitoring- Quality monthly Thalakkadathur Programme(N frequency WMP),CPCB fund 1.4.2 A (a) River water quality State Water Ongoing; Monitoring monitoring Seasonal programme, frequency KSPCB fund 1.4.3 A (b) Inspection and KSPCB funds Ongoing; effluent quality Interval; monitoring of the Red – 1 flats, Industrial month, units, Service Orange- 3 stations, hospitals, months, auditorium, hotels Green- 6 in Municipal area months

1.5 Action Plan by Ground Water Department

Sl.No Ref para no:48 as per NGT Activity Ground Water Department order 673/2018 dated:20.09.2018

1 B(i) Ground Water As per Groundwater resources of Kerala, 2017 resources and estimate a total number of 2 blocks (Tirur and regulation of ground Kuttippuram) comes under the Tirur river water extraction by basin. These two blocks are semi-critical industries particularly blocks and the stage of groundwater extraction in over expolited as ranges from 77.75 % to 77.92% critical zones/blocks

2 B(ii) Ground water The average pre -monsoon groundwater level recharging / rain water ranges from 6.14mbgl - 8.49 mbgl. harvesting

3 B(iii) Periodic ground waste quality assessment and remedial actions in case of con taminated No observation well along the river stretches ground water tube wells/bore wells or hand pumps

4 B(iv) For regulating use of ground water for irrigation purpose, The total irrigation draft in the area ranges adopting good from 49.14 - 870.97 ha.m. irrigation practices

6. ACTION PLAN BY GRAMAPANCHAYATH

No Name of Ref para no:48 as Activity Implementi Cost Source of Time line Re per NGT order Grama 673/2018 ng agency fund mar dated:20.09.2018 panchayath ks 1 Thalakkad C OwnFund - Handover fund 3,35,052 Protection of Thirur to District Ponnani River Panchayat 400,000 CFC - 64,948 31.03.2020

2 vettom E Installation of CC TV camera on Yetterikadavu Kunjulikkadavu plan(Gen) - Mangattiri Bridge, KS 6,00,000 Spill over Aikkanchiri Bridge, SECURITY due to lack of Paravanna Bridge SYSTEM 1,250,000 CFC -6,50,000 fund

3 Mangalam E Installation of CC TV camera

Win Plus Agency, Kondotty 407,000 Plan(Gen) completed

4 Mangalam C Haritha Keralam Thirur-Ponnani puzha protection

Nirmithi Kendra, Kozhikkodu 1,400,000 Plan(Gen) 31.03.2020