CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE STUDY OF YELLOW FEVER,
A PAPER READ BEFORE i
THE AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION, NEW YORK, NOVEMBER P2, 1872,
ON THE
NATURAL HISTORY AND DISTRIBUTION
OF YELLOW FLYER
IN
THE UNITED STATES,
WITH
CHART SHOWING ALL THE LOCALITIES, AND THE ELEVA- TION OF EACH PLACE ABOVE SEA-LEVEL, WHERE IT HAS APPEARED,
FROM '
IX 1668 to vY. D. 1874,
J. M. TONER, M. D.
[REPK1NTJSH FROM ANNUAL BBFOJtT SUPERVISING SURGEON U. S. MARINE-HOSPITAL SERVICE, 1873.]
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE STUDY OF YELLOW FEVER,
A PAPER READ BEFORE
THE AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION, NEW YORK, NOVEMBER 12, 1873,
ON THE
NATURAL HISTORY AND DISTRIBUTION
OF YELLOW F EYE II
IN
THE UNITED STATES,
WITH
CHART SHOWING ALL THE LOCALITIES, AND THE ELEVA- TION OF EACH PLACE ABOVE SEA-LEVEL, WHERE IT HAS APPEARED,
FROM
W. D. 1668 to vY. D. 1874,
BY
J. M. TONER, M. D.
[REPRINTED FROM ANNUAL REPORT SUPERVISING SURGEON U. S. MARINE-HOSPITAL SERVICE, 1873.]
THE DISTRIBUTION AND NATURAL HISTORY OF YELLOW FEVER AS IT HAS OCCURRED AT DIFFERENT TIMES IN THE UNITED STATES.
By J. M. Toner, M. D., President of the American Medical Association, Washington, D. C.
The map which accompanies this paper, and which indicates the region where yellow fever has prevailed, either in an epidemic or in a sporadic form since the settlement of our country, is made up from notes taken in the study of the geographical distribution of the diseases of the United States.* No special opportunities for studying the disease in question are claimed, nor originality in the mode of presenting the facts. Neverthe- less, the map is believed to be accurate as far as it goes, if the data derived from past and contemporary medical literature can be relied upon. Nor is it pretended that this paper is exhaustive, localities not named having, no doubt, been visited by this fever; but we are confident such localities will be found within the region of its general distribution, as here indicated. The table accompanying this paper, which furnishes mainly the data upon which the map is projected, gives the names of the cities and other localities where yellow fever has occurred in our country from its first settlement, arranged by States in alphabetical order, with the years and dates of its appearance and disappearance. The elevation of each locality above the sea-level, as far as possible, has been given from reliable sources. In some instances the elevation of a place is assumed from a general knowledge of the altitude of the surrounding country. The errors in these, if any, will be unimportant. The influence upon localities of elevation above the sea-level, with the exemption from yellow-fever they seem to thence possess, is the view we here wish to call to the attention of sanitarists and ofthe profession. We are inclined to give much weight to the theory that diseases have geographical areas and limits, modified somewhat by topographical and climatic conditions, which determine the types of disease as do climate and elevation the fauna and flora of a locality. The fact has always been patent to theprofession, that there are parts of the earth in which particular forms of disease occur, to the almost entire exclusion of others. The study of the causes of this difference is
* The map herewith published is projected from a largo one, 8 by 10 feet in size, for the execution of which Dr. Toner desires to express his indebtedness to the kindness of the Hon. Willis Drummond, Commissioner of the United States Land Office. —W. 3 4 as important as any that can engage the attention ofthe physician. As a simple factor elevation will, we apprehend, be found to possess quali- ties both preventive and curative. We shall in this paper studiously avoid discussing the questions whether yellow fever is a specific disease or not; whether it is always imported; or whether under certain conditions it may originate within our own country. Nor do we aim to speak as an expert, never having seen a case of yel- low fever, but rather appear as a collator of facts in its history. At the present time the natural history of disease, if we may so use the term in describing the special characteristic distribution of diseases that exist in limited geographical areas, is attracting much attention. There can be no doubt that an accurate knowledge of the climate and other physical peculiarities, and of the prevailing meteorological conditions of a region, will greatly aid the sanitarist and physician in preventing sick- ness, and in treating successfully the diseases incident to a locality. The more exact and extended this information becomes, the more defi- nitely can physicians mark out the boundaries and the distribution of diseases over the globe, and suggest measures ofrelief. The chief factors usually and most naturally taken into account in the study of the salubrity of a State, or even a city, are latitude, longitude, the extremes of heat and cold and mean annual temperature, the pre- vailing direction of the winds, the general humidity of the air, and the annual precipitation, drainage, etc. These undoubtedly furnish most valuable information, but there is an- other important element, that of elevation, which has the power to in- tensify or counteract the influence of most of them. The most insalubrious regions are, confessedly, the savannas and tide-water lands of the tropic and temperate zones. The impression is quite general that persons of the same nationality, living on mountains or high table-lands are more rugged and healthy, as a general rule, than theirfriends engaged in similar occupations on the low lands in the same latitude. The accompanying map enables us, in a comprehensive way, to con- sider the question whether elevation has presented any barrier to the progress of yellow fever in the United States, by bringing all localities where it has prevailed, with tlieir altitudes, before the eye at one time. The fact will be patent to any one that the low lands of the Gulf States and the Atlantic coast, with the water-courses emptying into them, are the regions of its most frequent visitations in the United States. The conceded home of yellow fever is in the West Indies and the Ba- hamas, with a portion of the adjacent continents of North and South America. A square formed by the forty-fifth and the one hundredth degrees of longitude, and the thirty-fifth north and the fifth south lati- tude, will include the favorite region of this disease. 5 Although originating within the square named, history shows that it may prevail on the sea-coast in any locality within the tropics, north and south of the equator, where malarial fevers prevail, and the daily aver - age of the thermometer is over 75° or 80° with a high dew-point for weeks or months together. If these latter conditions, however, were the only ones necessary to the development of this disease, it should prevail much more widely; for they exist, during parts of the summer at least, in almost all of our Atlantic cities, as may be seen by reference to the record of temperature shown by the admirable isothermal maps in Lorin Blodgett’s Clima- tology. There are, no doubt, other climatic conditions essential to its origin, if not to its propagation and spread. Once the disease has become epi- demic in a place, it can exist at a much lower average daily range of the thermometer than seems to be required for its development. It is, however, always controlled in its severity and checked in its spread, or entirely arrested by storms, heavyrains, and, most effectually, by frost. This has been exemplified by the polar waves, or u northers,” that occasionally blow from the Arctic regions down over Texas, and by long-continued rains. Yellow fever does not prevail in the East Indies nor in China. It has appeared in most of the maritime cities of the United States on the Atlantic coast, as far north as Boston, and indeed has been chronicled at Quebec and Halifax. But while it is true that it has thus visited many of the cities and towns on the sea-coast, it has, fortunately, never extended far into the interior of our country. In the United States, it seems to prevail in the large sea-ports and in localities along the navigable water-courses having their outlet in the Gulf of Mexico. Dr. Drake, many years ago, observed that while the disease had appeared at almost every town on the Mississippi, as far up as Vicksburg, that Woodviile, twelve miles from the river, was the most remote inland point it had reached. During the late epidemic at Shreveport, a number of deaths occurred, according to the report of the Howard Association, at points outside the city limits—distances from the city not given. The places named are Caddo Parish, Marshall, Greenwood, and Summer Grove. The same accurate observer (Dr. Drake,) remarks that yellow fever is eminently a disease of cities rather than of rural districts, and of vil- lages rather than of scattered country dwellings. It has been shown that towns of small population are less liable to suffer than larger ones, and the same town within the yellow-fever zone, as its population in- creases, is more likely to suffer than when its population was less. Hence density of population, or proximity of numerous individuals ap- proaching to crowding, is believed to be a factor of no small influence in the propagation and spread of the disease. 6
Its appearance in a locality is generally coincident with bilious inter- mittents, and the first cases are said always to occur near the water in the lowest and most insalubrious places. It has been observed that its epidemical limits coincide with the range of the growth of the live-oak, the cypress, and the long mosses. Certainly the regions of our country most frequented by this disease are particularly low and flat, with numerous rivers and much marsh and swamp lands, as may be inferred from the localities and their elevations marked on the map. These low lands are to a considerable extent cov- ered with the cypress, long-leaved pine, and other indigenous trees, with thick undergrowth when in an unredeemed or natural state. The northern limit of the growth of the cypress is not much north of Norfolk. Yellow fever has been considered by nearly all writers a distinct dis- ease from the autumnal remittent fevers of the temperate zone. All agree that it is indigenous at Yera Cruz on the Gulf of Mexico. When we examine into the climatic conditions of this locality, nothing special or satisfactory as an explanation of the peculiarities and origin of the disease has been discovered. Protracted average high temperature is a constant factor there, but this of itself is deemed insufficient. The time has, perhaps, not come, if it ever does, for the discovery of all the elements entering into its de- velopment. No doubt there are numerous undiscovered factors and conditions, essential to its existence and present in varying intensity, in different years, and which greatly add to its rapid spread and virulence. The mortality from the disease at the same place is much greater in some seasons when the conditions of heat and moisture are apparently the same. Again, extreme heat and dryness stop the epidemic, as do heavy and protracted rains. As we have already stated, the conditions of long-continued heat, averaging over 75° throughout the twenty-four hours, and great humid- ity exist almost constantly during the summer in the GulfStates. Oc- casionally during the summer season, for months together, this condi- tion of high temperature, but with less moisture, may exist in many of the coast cities of our country, as far north as Boston, and yet rarely ever are these cities visited by this disease in an epidemic form. Is the exemption of these more northern coast cities due alone to climatic conditions, or are they in part exempted by sanitary and quar- antine regulations ? Yellow fever is almost annually reported on ves- sels at the quarantine stations, where it is fortunately arrested and pre- vented from entering the cities. In the table of the localities where the disease has prevailed, no distinction has been made between the city proper and the quarantine stations which, in a more careful study, should be made. The average annual distribution of moisture throughout our country is made manifest by a glance at Ghas. A. Schott’s Tables and Results of 7 the Precipitation in Rain and Snow, published in 1872 by the Smithson- ian Institution, a most valuable contribution to knowledge in this direc- tion. The humidity in the atmosphere is relative to the season, and, as is well known, the absolute humidity is greater in the summer than in the winter, warm air having a greater capacity to contain moisture than cold air, as the following table from Professor Guyot will show. This table expresses, in troy grains, the weight of vapor contained in a cubic foot of saturated air at the stated temperatures ofFahrenheit:
Temperature Vapor in Temperature Vapor in Temperature Vapor in of air. grains. of air. grains. of air. grains.
0° 0.545 63° 6. 361 80° 10.949 5 0.678 64 6. 575 81 11.291 10 0. 841 65 6.795 82 11.643 20 1.298 66 7. 021 83 12.005 30 1.968 67 7.253 84 12. 376 32 2.126 68 7. 493 85 12.756 40 2.862 69 7. 739 86 13.146 45 3.426 70 7. 992 87 13. 546 50 4.089 71 8.252 88 13.957 55 4.860 72 8.521 89 14. 378 56 5. 028 73 8. 797 90 14.810 57 5.202 74 9.081 91 15. 254 58 5, 381 75 9. 372 92 15. 709 59 5. 566 76 9.670 93 16.176 60 5.756 77 9.977 94 16. 654 61 5. 952 78 10.292 95 17.145 62 6.154 79 10.616 96 17. 648
To see how far the conditions of a higher than ordinary average of temperature and a greater degree of humidity may have existed in Mem- phis and Shreveport during the prevalence of the epidemic of the past summer, we have been enabled, through the courtesy of General Myer, to tabulate the returns, nearly complete, made from Memphis to the United States Signal Bureau for the months of August, September, Oc- tober, and November, 1872 and 1873. The former year, being healthy at this place, is included for the purpose of contrast. The meteorologi- cal tables for Shreveport are compiled from the observations furnished by I)r. J. L. Moore, of Shreveport, the regular observer for the Smith- sonian Institution at that point. In addition to the ordinary observa- tions, Dr. Moore gives the daily number of deaths occurring from yellow fever, which, for convenience, is placed in a parallel column on the side of the meteorological table, and on the iiue of the other daily observa- tions. For Shreveport we are not able to give the observations in 1872 for contrast: 8
TABLE SHOWING THE METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS OBSERVED AT SHREVEPORT, LA., DURING THE YELLOW-FEVER EPIDEMIC OF 1873. Compiled from, the Register of Meteorological Observations under the direction of the Smith- sonian Institution, J. L. Moore, M. I)., Observer, to which is added the daily Number of Deaths from Yelloiv Fever. [Shreveport: County of Caddo, State of Louisiana; latitude, 32° 30' north; longitude, 93° 45' west; height above the sea-level, 228.52 feet.]
| "Winds.* re- freez- bn- trac- fever. Thermometer in Amount of to or satura- theopen air. cloudiness. of 7 a. m. 2 p. m. 9 p. m. © duced ing-point. imdit.vtion tion.! yellow a Relative 3 Barometer g P from *m «M O © © © S g © © m. 3 a a © a a h M cj a. Pi c3 d o C 08 p. Q 7 Cl CJ Mean. ft Cl CJ Direction. ft 5 Force. Direction. ft Mean. Cl ca Deaths Aug. 1 79 88 81 825 4-4 1-2 3-4 S.W. 5 s. 5 0 0 30. Ill . 80 . 55 .83 2 80 89 84 64} 1-4 4-4 0 S.W. 6 0 0 0 0 30.068 . 82 .53 .79 3 80 90 85 85 .01 1-2 3-4 1-4 S.W. 7 N. W. 5 N. 1 30. 083 .82 . 53 .79 4 80 80 79 795 .40 3-4 4-4 1-4 E. 6 N. E. 12 0 0 30.132 .78 .78 .87 5 74 84 78 78j 3-4 3-4 0 N.E. 8 N. E. 7 N. E. 5 30.135 . 7(i .53 .69 e 74 87 81 805 1-4 1-2 1-4 N. E. 0 N. E. 7 N. 5 30. 065 .72 .45 .70 7 80 81 80 80* 4-4 4-4 1-2 0 0 E. 5 0 0 29. 996 .78 . 55 .82 8 78 88 77 81 . 13 0 4-4 3-4 S. E. 1 0 0 E. 2 29. 994 .73 .52 . 77 •9 77 87 81 81} . 11 1-4 3-4 3-4 E. 5 E. 7 E. 1 30. 055 .82 . 55 .78 10 76 87 80 81 4-4 3-4 4-4 E. 2 E. 8 E. 1 30.102 .91 .58 .62 11 81 90 83 84} 1-2 3-4 0 N. E. 4 S. E. 8 N. 4 30. 031 .78 .60 . 71 12 82 91 81 84} 3-4 3-4 4-4 N. 2 E. 5 E. 4 30. 038 .79 . 57 . 78 13 78 91 85 84} 3-4 3-4 1-2 S.W. 6 S.W. “i S.W. 2 30. 014 .86 . 54 70 14 80 90 76 82 .00 3-4 3-4 1-2 0 0 S.W. 7 0 0 29.971 .82 .56 .91 15 76 91 77 815 .24 3-4 3-4 4-4 N. 4 N. 2 S. E. 8 29. 895 .91 .00 .91 16 75 85 79 79} 4-4 4-4 3-4 N.E. 4 N. E. 4 0 0 29. 939 .90 .68 .87 17 76 82 79 79 .05 4-4 4-4 1-2 N. 8 N. 5 N. E. 5 29. 997 .01 .83 .76 18 76 85 79 80} 1-2 1-4 0 N.E. 5 N. E. 6 0 0 30. 062 .69 .41 .70 19 i 1 85 79 80} 1-4 1-2 1-4 N. E. 1 E. 4 0 0 30. 043 .69 .44 .66 20 76 85 81 80} 3-4 1-2 1-4 E. 1 S. E. 4 S. E. 4 29. 961 . 73 . 47 .67 2 21 76 82 79 79 1-4 1-4 0 S.W. 1 N. 7 E. 2 29. 969 . 77 .831 .',8 1 22 79 86 79 81} 1-2 3-4 0 0 0 E. 7 N. E. 2 30. 029 .74 .48 .74 4 23 76 80 79 80* 3-4 3-4 0 E. 2 E. 5 0 0 30. 076 .82 . 58 . 82 .. 24 81 88 84 84} 0 1-2 1-4 S. 2 N. W. 5 0 0 30.107 . 70 . 49 . 75 2 25 81 90 83 84} 0 1-2 1-2 s. 1 N. E. 4 0 0 30. 037 .7-1 .50 .75 2 26 19 90 77 82 3-4 3-4 3-4 w. 6 N. 4 S.W. 2 30.020 .78 .53 . 82 1 27 78 91 86 85 0 1-2 0 S.W. 1 N. E. 1 0 0 30.016 .78 .51 .68 3 28 78 91 81 83} 1-4 1-4 1-4 w. 4 N. W. 2 S. E. o 30.053 .73 .54 .70 4 29 79 84 80 83 .05 0 3-4 0 S.W. 1 0 0 S. E. 4 30.118 . 7-1 .68 .87 4 30 80 91 84 85 0 1-2 0 s. o S. 5 S.W. 6 30.175 .82 .48 .64 2 31 80 89 82 83} 0 1-2 1-4 0 0 0 0 S. E. 1 30.133 .74 .50 .71 4 ■
Remarks. —Normal summer-heat for this latitude prevailed during the month; mean temperature 82°.50; highest at 2 p. m., 91° on tho 12th, 13th, 15tli, 27th, 23tli, and 30th ; lowest, 80° on the 4th. Force of wind remarkably uniform and moderate, scarcely rising at auy time abovo the degree of “ gentle.” Yellow fever: The first death from yellow fever in Shreveport this summer was observed on the 20th day of August, which date proved the beginning of the epidemicof 1073. Total deaths from the dis- ease during the month, 29.
* The force is estimated and registered by figures from 1 to 10, as in the first column of thefollowing table. The figures in the last column, expressing the number of miles per hour, are used in the above. 1. Very light breeze. 2 milesper hour 6. Gale 45 miles per hour. 2. Gen'tlo breeze 4 do. 7. Strong gale 60 do. 3. Fresh breeze 12 do. 8. Violent gale 75 do. 4. Strong wind 25 do. 9. Hurricane - 90 do. 5. High wind 35 do. 10. Most violent hurricane 100 do. t The numbers under the head of “Rotative humidity ’’ denote the percentage of saturation ; full sat- uration being indicated by 1, and half saturation by 0.5. 9
Table showing the Meteorological Conditions observed at Shreveport, La., during the Yellow- Fewer Epidemic of 1873—Continued.
1 Winds. re- hu- frac- freez- or fever. Thermometer in Amount of to satura- the opeu air. cloudiness. of 7a. m. 2 p. m. 9p. m. duced ing-point. midity tion tion. yellow inches. Barometer Relative from mouth. o ion. of g S g 6 a S m. Remarks. —Extremes of temperature during thismontli: Highest at 2 p. m., 92°, on the 4th ; lowest, September. G9°, on the 14th ; mean for the month, 76°. 14. Humidity appears much greater than last Wind variable in force and direction. Yellow fever: Heavy mortality from yellow lever during this month, proving most fatal about tho middle of the month, averaging seventy-five per cent. Total deaths from the disease, 406. 10 Table showing the Meteorological Conditions observed at Shreveport, La., during the Yellow- Fever Epidemic of 1873—Continued. 3 8* re- freez- hu-frac- Mj or fever. srmometer in !> • to satura- he open air. If of F 5 to « P CO V p duced ing-point. miditytion tioil. yellow month. inches. Barometer Relative from of m. m. m. m. m. m. m. m. a. p. p. a. p. p. a. p. p. Day 2 9 Bain-fall, 7 2 9 7 Mean. Direction. Force. Direction. Force. Direction. Force. Mean. 7 2 9Til. Deaths O 3 0 2- 30. 083 2 S 0 30. 090 1 1-2 30. 028 8 1-2- 29. 953 8 000 3- 29. 915 2 0 30.137 8 0 30.130 S°i! 3-4 30.110 32 1-2 30.129 00 3- 30.178 g.3 t 1-2 30. 184 8 0 30. 217 8 0 30.1G3 8 000 0 30.180 a 1-2 30.277 a .05 4- 30.190 a .01 3- 30. 040 1.17 tSt“ 1-2 30.100 — 0 30.253 oaSSSSSuii^ctsoc-jaoi^UKih* 88 3 0 30.073 £ 000 1-2 29. 800 § i.’oo 4- 29. 909 8; 1. 00 0 30.193 .01 1-4 30.240 38 .85 4-4 30.133 8 4-4 29. 930 & 1-4 30. 088 ± 0 ©©©©©£££©£©©©££££©©©©©£©©©£©©©£ 30. 454 & 0 i 30. 370 8£8S5Sl88g28SSg38888S3S8S8Se-S22S382 5g$§S28£:$ggiggg-:-!d3gi2g;s!§§8g3?g323 2 0 30.170 228SS88SS8g38S88a88SaS22S£3aaa8 2g8gk2S§88§ggB33£££§&$£g28S£2&£ ib.ww>&.mwiow©>uwcn-n4>-jmoo-j-ixwto©joo3jo£-j©!-oo 338$8388S8238S8:iSi2a233:i8S8®8833 3 ®0'=o“ttItt 0 CD 30. 341 Highest -I^WOI^CDIOWWWS^IOHOMOOOMO^SOMIOICW ; ; Remarks.—Extremes of temperature: at 2 p. m., 88°, on the 4th lowest, 47°, on the 28th mean for the month, 62°.08. Variable winds; fluctuating barometer ; thunder-storm on the28tli of the month; greatest forceof the wind sixty miles an hour. Yellowfever;©oio5wui>t>.*.ooccco-iooaoa>>t‘0©nioc»0!-i050!>feiflwist«oi An abatementi*.>-‘.^GO.t».tS.fcCi>t>.-I-!tOI£l2ooM>t».t*Oll-‘©©tOtSO©©0>-*h-‘-I of the yellow fever, by mortality, was noticed September through 88882388888283328828832533:538883 as shown about the middle of and continued this month, making a difference of 210 in deaths. Total deaths from yellow fever for November, 198. 11 Table showing the Meteorological Conditions observed at Shreveport, La., during the Yellow- Fever Epidemic of 1873—Continued. 5 e-00 re- hu- frac- foyer. freez- e 0 © 3* £>3 3 to v or satura- fi -21|Pp’* © § O §>!■& i of 7 a-tn. £0 *p B © V B ing-point. yellow inches, Barometer duced Relat midity tion tiou. month. fall, from of m. m. p.m. m. m. m. m. m. m. Day a, p. a. p. p. , a. p. p. 7 2 9 Mean. Rain 7 2 9 Direction, Force. Direction Fofce. Direction. Force. Mean. 7 2 9 Deaths o<1 C3 ►— t3 4- 4- 3J 1 30. 313 W »4» CO >4- 4- 4* 30.102 C 4*. 4- 4- 4- 30.182 «*H 4*. 4»> 4- 4- 30.074 GO ©WJOM. 4*> 4-. 4-. 30.10G «4-* • CO 4- 4^4!»4-.4»44 w 30.042 4- (O C04*.4>.4*.4-C0 30. 010 5® O 30. 230 © 30. 224 oo 30.116 &rOi »-* go 30. 000 O esj«»MfU H-* o *3 M Ct©00-400©©©©-4 31. 271 i4M£}CD©go©<©©o©oo© Oj 02 30.179 5 1 wl H- 4- 4- 4* 30.171 iO 03 4- 4- 4i.y5 4* 30.135 *> CL 4. 4- H*f«.W t Spence 29. 906 *• — 10 f0 29. 623 __, ! W W C0H-‘ 4-4* 2 CO 30. 033 !; 2 W j ►-* 30.271 C =4-* 4-. ©C-T4-*0°CO-*J©©4*t0©4-Ci-4Cn4- 30.179 00 4-. *0l©CnW©©a0©t-*ili©00C;»K>H-‘O5|O©>CCfll©Ol 30.135 CO «4- 4-. izjai 29.853 MW 4 p- 4- i__i 29. 808 HD-♦-■ 30.119 0t4».OtCN©.OiClO»4i.4*.'Ci©i©i©i©©CnOlCnOlOl“ =4- ui' 30. 168 . 29. 930 - _ 29. 985 Cl«&->-1- 30. 345 gg&gSSgggggSg^ggg^gj^oggojgg 8&&388:&g??S8£S8&S8£888Sg@SS£SS o CO sg&ss&gsggfesgaassfessgsssasggsss G0t04*°5©4*4*i:)©4*©©4*©©4*-*J4-4-G0©4**0©4**0©5©l- 30.355 ©OWOC5CK)CX'4t0©Cl^WC0<}460DCiC5K;©©WCO©O© C54*4-ci4-.co-i©do©jOi3joi-‘ctCiC04*coco*o*3co4-©aDaooc©0 TABLE OF TIIE METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS OBSERVED AT MEMPHIS, TENN. Compiled from the Reports of the Signal-Service, U. S. A.,for Comparison [Memphis : County of Shelby, State of Tennessee r- latitude 35° 07' north ; Thermometer. Amount of cloudiness.* Wind. Humidity, per cent. 00 1872. © • • j-r a B c £ £ . g M* f-’ .7; oj a ft ft c £ o ft * s 8u m. Aug. CO CO O S o o 75 Mean. a. ft > > S P i-l P 1-1 P 3 3 7 Cl C5. Lower. Yeiocit| 1 72 89 80. 50 0 2-4 0 2-4 x. w. G N. W. 4 30. 07 .85 .56 2 ... 7G 85 77 79. GG 0 1-4 0 1-4 2-4 0 N. E. 5 N. W. ii N.W. 2 30.09 .72 .46 .04 . 3 ... 73 81 70 74. GG 0 0 0 1-4 0 0 N.E. 4 N. W. 11 N. E. 4 30.11 .71 44 .65 0 () 0 4 ... 8*2 71 2-4 N. W. it N. E. 30.16 .45 .70 09 70 90 70. 33 0 1-4 0 1-4 0 0 N. 4 N. 0 N. 4 30.1.3 770 .50 .70 . 6 ... 74 83 78 80.00 0 0 0 2-4 0 0 N.E. N. E. 4 N. E. 30.14 .76 52 7 ... 78 CO 85 84. 3 i 0 1-4 0 2-4 1-4 0 N.E. N. E. N. E. 30.11 .73 .47 .77 8 ... 80 8-3 73 82. 00 1-4 0 0 2-4 0 0 S. E. E. S.W. 6 30.10 .74 . 55 9 ... 73 94 75 82. 33 0 1-4 0 1-4 4-4 S.E. S.E. E. 30.10 . 77 .40 .81 10 ... 77 90 80 82. 33 0 2-4 0 1-4 0 0 0 s. w. 0 0 30. 05 .73 .44 .78 11 ... 80 93 83 85.33 0 0 0 2-4 1-4 0 S.E. S. K. S. E. 0 30.05 .78 .48 .71 12 ... 81 78 70 78. 33 1-4 0 2-4 1-4 3-4 0 S. W. S. E. 0 0 30. 03 .78 .77 .81 13 ... 77 85 79 80. 33 0 1-4 2-4 1-4 1-4 2-4 S.E. N.W. W. 30.06 .81 .68 .38 14 ... 79 88 79 82. 00 o, 2-4 0 1-4 0 0 W. 10 N. W. N. E. 30. 02 .82 .46 .74 15... 7.) 85 7G 78. GG 0 0 0 4-1 - 0 0 N. N. W. N. W. 30. 07 .68 .41 .81 16 ... 74 88 77 79. GG 0 0 0 2-4 0 0 0 OiH.W. 0 0 50. 05 .81 .04 17 ... 75 91 78 81. 33 0 0 0 1-4 0 0 s. w. 1 S. E. 4 0 0 30. 07 68 .36 .69 . ltf .. 78 92 80 85. 33 0 1-4 0 1-4 0 0 S.E. 1 N. E. 0 0 30. 12 f>5 . 37 .70 . 19 ... 73 93 82 84.33 0 0 0 1-4 0 0 s. 1 S. E. 4 S. E. 4 30. 18 77 .4: .66 20 . .. £0 93 82 85. 00 0 0 0 2-4 0 0 0 0 E. 2 0 0 30.20 .70 .43 .70 . 21 ... 81 93 83 85. GO 0 0 0 2-4 1-4 0 0 0 0 c 0 0 20 22 .70 .43 75 22 ... 80 94 84 8G. 00 s. 2-4 0 1-4 0 1-4 0 0 N. W. 4 0 0 30.17 .78 .40 .07 23 ... 82 94 82 8G. 00 0 0 0 2-4 1-4 1-4 0 0 0 0 N. E. 1 30. 03 .74 .40 .59 24 ... 73 9G 84 80.00 0 0 0 1-4 1-4 0 X. E. 1 S. W. 0 s. w. 7 29. 90 .69 .39 .04 25 ... 83 98 87 89.33 0 1-4 0 1-4 1-4 0 0 0 N.W. 4 0 0 30. 02 .67 . 36 . G5 26... 82 97 84 89. 33 0 1-4 1-4 1-4 2-4 0 S. E. 1 N. E. 4 s. 1 30. 00 .70 .37 .04 07 80 93 82 85. 00 .54 0 2-4 1-4 2-4 1-4 0 s. 1 VST 4 0 0 30. 02 .78 .48 .74 28 ... 80 95 84 86. 33 s. 1-4 0 1-4 1-4 0 s. 1 w. (i s. w. 2 29. 97 .78 . 44 .71 29 ... 79 87 Gl 70.00 0 2-4 0 2-4 2-4 0 N. W. 4 N.W. 18 N. E. 8 29. 99 . 77 .58 .07 30 ... G8 80 GG 71. 33 0 1-4 0 1-4 1-4 0 N. 6 N. E. 10 N. E. 4 30. 08 .74 .30 31 ... G2 78 GG 08. GG 1-4 2-4 0 1-4 1-4 0 N. E. 4 N.E- 8 N. E. 4 30.09 .66 .29 '.58 Sept. 1 ... GO 83 G9 70. GC 0 0 0 0 0 0 N. E. 3 N.E. 6 N. 4 30.17 .59 .21 .65 o G4 85 73 74. 00 0 0 0 1-4 1-4 0 E. 1 N.W. 8 N. 1 30.16 .67 .32 .58 3 ... G5 87 75 75. GG 0 0 0 1-4 1-4 0 E. 1 N.W. 6 0 0 30.10 .73 .27 .63 4 ... G9 89 75 77. GG 0 1-4 0 0 0 0 0 0 S.W. 8 0 0 30. 01 .84 .32 .59 5 ... G9 91 79 79. GG s. IT. s. H. 0 0 S.W. 1 S.W. 10 s. 4 29. SO .70 .39 .78 e... 74 92 79 81. GG 0 0 0 2-4 0 0 S. 5 S.W. 7 ... 75 93 62 83. 33 1-4 0 0 1-4 0 0 s. i s. G S.W. 1 30. 04 .68 .40 .59 8 - - 70 93 80 83. 00 0 0 0 1-4 0 0 s. 2 S.W. 1C s. 3 29.99 .68 .40 . 02 9 ... 7G 89 7G 80. 33 0 1-4 0 2-4 0 0 s. 4 S.W. 7 s. 2 30.02 .68 .46 .08 10 ... 71 91 81 81. CO s. 0 0 1-4 1-4 1-4 0 0 w. 4 S. E. G 30. 02 .71 .36 .07 11 7G 7G. 00 1.10 0 2-4 N. 1 30. 02 .72 12 ... 13 ... 59 74 05 GG. 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 N.W. 5 N.W. 10 N. 4 30.20 .87 .39 .63 14 ... GO 75 05 00. GG 0 0 0 0 0 0 N. 4 w. ia N.w. 4 30.20 .70 .36 .63 15 ... GO 77 03 67. GG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 w. 8 N. 1 30.13 .70 .41 .63 1G ... GO 79 71 70,00 s. 0 0 2-4 0 2-4 N.W. 1 N.W. 8 N. 8 30.07 .62 .40 .66 17 ... GO 77 05 07. 33 0 1-4 0 0 0 0 N. E. 1 N. E. G 0 0 30. 08 .65 .31 .63 18 ... 5« 84 15 72. 33 s. 1-4 0 0 0 0 0 0 S.W. 5 s w. 6 29. 98 . 77 .40 .63 19 ... G1 74 01 05. 33 0 0 0 0 0 0 N. 5 N.E. 4 N. E. o 30.11 .60 .32 .65 20 ... 58 80 77 73. 00 n. 2-4 0 2-4 0 0 S.E. G S.W. 0 S. i 30. 07 .64 .41 .77 21 ... 72 89 79 80. 00 H. H. 0 11. 0 0 0 0 S.W. G s. 2 30. 05 .71 .40 .61 22 ... 72 89 79 80. CO 2-4 1-4 0 2-4 1-4 2-0 s. 4 S.W. 8 S. E. 0 30. CG . 75 .46 .58 23 ... 70 87 70 77. 66 1-0 2-4 0 2-4 1-4 2-0 s. 5 s. 8 S. 2 20.05 .79 .42 .04 24 ... 75 87 83 81. GG 2-4 1-4 2-0 2-4 0 4-4 s. 8 s. 12 S. 12 29. 95 1)5 ... 01 70 00 G3. GG 1.88 4-4 0 4-4 4-4 N. 8 s. 7 N. E. 4 30. 13 .76 . 55 .00 2G ... Gl 75 03 GG. 33 .33 4-4 3 4 3-4 S. E. 4 N. 6 S.W. 4 29. 9!) .76 .44 .70 . 27 ... 5G 77 00 66. 33 1-4 0 0 1-4 4-4 N.E. ■1 N. E. 6 E. 8 30. 01 .88 51 72 28 ... 70 73 07 GG. 00 .31 4-4 0 3-4 1-4 0 S. 8 S.W. 10 W. 8 29. 87 .60 .31 .63 o 23 ... Gl 73 61 05.00 1-4 0 1-4 2-4 1-4 0 w. W. 8 N.W. 2 30. 14 .84 .80 .09 30 ... 55 07 57 59. GG 0 0 0 2-4 1-4 0 N.W. 0 N.W. 10 0 0 30. 17 .76 .31 .71 * The letters “F ” “ H, ’ and “ S ” indicate foam, hazy , and smoky, respectively. t 3'lie barometer-readingshere given and in the subsequent tables, are [it the temperature given for the corresponding days, ana not, as in the preceding tables, reduced to freezing-point. 13 DURING THE AUGUSTS, SEPTEMBERS, OCTOBERS, AND NOVEMBERS OF 1872 AND 1873. of Conditions during the Absence and the Prevalence of Yellow Fever. longitude 90° 07' west; height above the sea-level, 200 feet.] ' |i i c»-*i ||* cu • rf IsS4 | h ?3 .3 ? 1 SV 3 -i 8 3 8 S3 S 3 ncter. m. m. 1) a. p. in. r. il.iroi m. m. p a.m. p. i>& “ 7.35 4.35 11 Mean. Lower. Upper. Lowi Upper. Lower. Upper. Velocity. Velocity. Velocity K 1 7,35 4.35 lip. Direction. Direction. Direction. 1 £ ® ££ § SS Z: 5»5» jego ® 28 S 88 zzz0 ® ®®®®; A yy S S3 :::::: Cl Z®®°Zt t»!4« oc 01 w®£®®©; I°ZZ°Z; ® 333288: : ® 8828 8 288332: ® : M S 0^ooo ® g' -1 8.8 ts^*.o^®®«)SE®*.®tiioi £ 8 S F°lZZ:; ; ,u - 8 333333: Jkk^!» (T ,: 8SS888: 0 ZtZ®Z^0 XIlZZlZZZZZZZZZ s;fe:!2i S 88 CC. 2 K)wwu &5 ® g xzzzzzzzzzxzz -1 s fej ® o®o®®&®; ®. 82 ; — £; ; V* safe 8S8.888Sa8888888S8SS8?8.8888S8Sg £ g£p5S^ciSS§gggg?!SPigp=J^^2Sei=l 8 SS8: gg?gg$£$gggg$$gggg£.sggggggg$g$ S_8.888838.S28gS8S8.aSESS2g8SaSS822 32$2S23g£38gaS33S£3:i:ia83g28888 : °| 40e«.«.««.i9u»Kao«oet9*)ueou*.ua.ciiu^u °t; SSgSSS§§gS§82g £■ ®i o; 2233388888883888833388883:33338 88233333332 883333828888333288333388333332 rtrrsrtsi:^r^^^°rtr£r^r®£i^ws °ttt A ®CO®tOOD®®®£®®5®4.. $ 14 Table of Meteorological Conditions observed at Memphis, Torn., during the Augusts, Thermometer. Amount of cloudiness. Wind. Humidity per cent. 1872. 7.35 a.m. 4.35 p.m. 11 p. m. 7.35 a.m. 4.35 5 inches. t p.m. m. m. m. m. a. p. m. Barometer. a. p. m. o 35 p, Upper. Velocity. Velocity. K© PP 35 35 7.35 4. 11 Kain-fall, Upper. Upper. Velocity. lip. Mean. Lower. Lower. Lower. Direction. Direction. Direction. 7. 4. . h» ; : GO »o ; to ; ::: GO o* ; OOQ^ 5° wyizrM © © U;g: 00000 -a ® ini!^ © L°!j[: .tzjtzjtzj t2j © £- E 5 a tzjtfl E a 5 2 t ; GO : ; io LL°°££i ; tej to g3g: , W !2 : © °“: : a >2! © : i3 : a°Lv GcSIfel © : °. © © g33SS&£8g3g£SgSS8&gg&gggS3S32S&S2Sg83S882aaS2ag$83888Sg3888SSS 2S8§ggS82£g?ggg822£gg&§;ggggg2a§2 ggg§Sggggg£g3gg£g^ggggp222E^tigg ggggS83Sgg§gSSSggSSSSgSSgg3gg3S3: : w©E©toio©-}E©>u(ow©*.©E^©©©©^©©^©©©©ox ggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg52S8£SS5ii£8KSS:i2SS2S888S82SSSS8SgS8 gS2S£g85582§8gS2gg§EggggS3SS£g^8 g£S2S222S£228g22£g£&£S2$Sg;£fe$£&g 8882S888d88S5!^8qi8$!2332828S33ti3^ 2 : : ZZ' ©o©oo©©©: ©■~*®®©©tc*.©t»S©©©i-‘,uS»o©,ui-*.ii.»oe»sEi->.u®i-*® © } H : © is : °“ is © ©^.©^©©^^©ttlWO-^^E©©©^-^©^^©!-*©^*.^^ gogo to « oc^ooooo^rooKKK^KKooMooo^ootaoo «*£ : © 'PZ?: £•* 0^S m t- £KH£ i t ; go« go S : c ; Vi i .6. : o 28' ; © : : ; © a i!!r!tS tzj to ©: ttS? 2: c c j£; tz; © : !C[t ; *0«*ifc.©*!>«00.6.ifc.()OW 8: ; ®: So- ttt5 © 00 cc.nj>m.ooMOK,»»ciocia © © w 00 2o^ >0 c^0005 ©£©©£©; © :::::::: ?c go CO riwt,=‘ZZZiZlZZt?2, c^0^5 t © 0 r£a£®£®®££; 0 © sp? 2: r !t gogo *. c> ©©©£: , tn 00^ go J» ; £Ic: ; S&S832Sg8Sg2ggSS8S8§3533883 : a fej /3^Sa 8gS8gg888g8SS22g8883t2:]s52K88 °? . <=»gt :::©::: tej 3 oW: c hm«- VtZZw 5 a =>: c gS8S:S5£8£888823822e82S:!S£8gS£5fe g8322g23SSSSi8Sge2fcS882g8S328gS 888S83SSSg§§g8§SSSS8SSSS§38S§8 5 -> £?S -u gg£Wgg£ggggggg§ggg«g«?§g««ggg«g • ©SSSa5S3w©©©“fe©©ggSSSggga©5©S8S g882S8S3S88SgS8gggS88S3Sg8gaS8 £$gg«3gS2£g£2S$8£83gS8&g3g£&82$ gg: :: p°y WWoo: ; Scjqp4»ooota ;oWo 5° rsi i K>S.-*©coS©©,fc4»®a>-i©©© © ks: i ■ 15 Septembers, Octobers, and Novembers of the years 1872 and 1873—Continued. Wind. Humidity, Thermometer. Amountof cloudiness. percent. 1873. inches. 7.35 a.m. 4.35 p.m. 11 p. m. 7.35 a.m. 4.35 p m. 11 p. m. d 9 a B .o £ *© Barometer. m. p.m. m. © d ft 03 ft © p. *© to o s? Velocity. Velocity. Mean. CO CO Oct. 4.35 lip. Bain-fall, Upper. P P s > 11 Mean. Lower. j Lower. Lower. Direction. | Direction. I [ 4 . 1 53 69 63 61.66 0 2-4 3-4 1-4 2-4 2-4 N. 6 N.E. 8 N. 30.10 .73 56 .77 0 0 2 N.E. 2 N.E. 2 30. 09 .77 .71 .94 2 ... 63 73 67. 00 4-4 2-4 2-4 E. 1-4 0 2-4 2 S.W. 5 S. 2 30. 03 .82 .54 .79 3 ... 62 70 66.00 0 14 1-4 E. 0 4 10 N. 2 29. 94 .79 .64 .81 ... 70 76 66 70.66 0 2-4 0 1-4 0 S.W. N. W. 4 4-4 1 18 29. 96 .77 .67 5 ... 63 63 63.00 S. 2-4 E. N. 0 12 i) 30.16 .69 .62 6 ... 46 56 47 49. 66 .04 2-4 1-4 0 1-4 o’ N. N. it N. .39 42 59 50 50.33 0 0 s. 0 0 0 N. 7 N. 6 N. 2 30.13 .75 .43 .64 7*.. 4 1 Q ... 46 69 56 57. 00 0 0 s. 1-4 s. 0 E. 4 N. W. N.W. 30.12 .69 .42 .23 0 5 1 .43 9 ... 52 68 60 60. 00 s. 0 s. 0 s. 0 0 N. W. S.W. 30.12 .79 .76 0 2-4 1-4 2 S.W. 6 S.W. 1 30.11 .79 .56 .83 10 . 52 76 64 64. 80 0 s. s. E. 11... to 77 65 67. 33 0 1-4 1-4 2-4 0 0 S.W. 3 N. W. 1 N. 6 30.13 .88 .60 .78 0 s. 1-4 0 N. W. 7 N. W. 10 N. 1 30. 20 .73 .38 .62 12 ... 54 66 58. 33 0 0 o 3 30.17 .35 .67 13 ... 46 69 54 5G. 33 F. 0 s. 0 s. 0 E. N.W. W. 18 .61 0 30.24 .69 .28 . 14 ... 46 74 61 60.33 s. 0 s. 0 s. 0 E. I E. 0 65 8 1 30. 28 . 75 .44 .73 15 ... 57 61.50 0 1-4 1-4 2-4 1-4 0 S.E. 3 S.E. S.W. 5 4 30. 26 .74 .54 .70 It) . . . 67 80 70 72.33 1-4 2-4 1-4 2-4 0 0 S. 6 S. S. E. 1-4 2-4 3 S.W. 10 S. E. .) 30. 05 . 7« . 54 .66 17 ... 64 79 72 71.66 1-4 2-4 4-4 S 5 30. 09 . 18 ... 57 52 54. 66 1. 76 4-4 4-4 1-4 0 N. W. 16 N. 12 N. .93 75 .86 3 19 ... 46 47 49. 66 0 1-4 0 1-4 1-4 0 N. 6 N. W. 12 N. 30.17 .76 .34 .69 0 0 4 11 0 0 30.07 . 85 . 33 .76 20 ... 44 55 46 48.33 0 0 S. 0 N W. N. W. 0 1 6 6 29. 91 .73 .42 .62 ... 40 63 53. 00 S. 0 S. 0 0 W. S.W. s. 21 8 8 10 22 ... 68 57 61.00 1.12 1-4 2-4 4-4 4-4 S. s. N. W. 29. 92 .81 .84 .87 23 ... 40 40 3G 38. 66 1.09 4-4 4-4 0 0 N. 8 N. 10 N. 5 30. 23 .91 .82 .90 5 2 30. 29 .79 .62 ... 38 47 46. 66 4-4 S. 2-4 2-4 0 N. 5 N. N.E. .77 24 i 4 E. 3 30. .92 25 ... 46 52 52 50. 00 4-4 4-4 4-4 N.E. NE. 23 .86 .93 5 29. 85 .94 20 ... 57 61.00 1. 04 4-4 4-4 S. 12 S.W. 1.00 4 16 29. 97 .81 .39 . 58 27 ... 38 56 50 48. 00 4-4 S. 1-4 2-4 0 W. S.W. 11 N. W. 8 2 30. 37 .89 .32 .79 28 ... 32 41 34 35. 6G 0 0 0 1-4 0 0 w. W. 8 N. W. 2 30. 35 .78 .29 29 ... 30 48 42 40. 00 0 0 s. 1-4 S. 1-4 0 0 S.W. 3 S. .50 S.W. 6 s. 2 30.11 .57 .37 . 76 30 ... 42 58 46 48. 66 1-4 2-4 s. 1-4 s. 0 S.W. 8 0 8 W. 6 0 0 30. 34 .55 .27 .71 31 ... 36 47 37 40.00 0 0 s. s. 0 N. W. N. Nov. 5 1 *.. 29 54 47 43. 33 0 0 s. 1-4 s. 1-4 E. 3 S.E. 5 S.E. 30.39 .88 .26 .41 3 S. 2 N. W. 10 30.24 .84 .38 .84 2 .. 45 59 47 53.66 1-4 1-4 4-4 4-4 S. E. 1-4 4 N. E. 6 N.E. 2 30. 24 . 85 . 47 . 63 3 .. 48 58 49 51. 66 .01 4-4 s. s. 1-4 N. E. . 7G .93 .93 4 ... 46 53 52 50. 33 .27 4-4 4-4 4-4 N.E. 1 N.E. 4 N. E. 3 30.11 2 N. E. 1 30.12 .93 . 76 . 59 5 .. 53 61 59 57. 66 4-4 4-4 4-4 N. 3 N. E. 5 N„ 0 N. E. 1 30.01 .72 . 62 .36 6 .. 52 64 57. 00 4-4 3-4 1-4 S. o N. E. 8 N. 6 29.96 .92 . 51 .61 ... 50 68 62 60. 00 S. 1-4 S. 0 2-4 0 N. W. S. W. W. 7 4 4 30. 18 .48 .26 . 60 S ... 48 53 55. 33 S. 0 S. 0 S. N. W. 2 N. S. W. 0 0 o S. W. 2 W. 2 0 0 30.18 .77 . 27 . 62 9 .. 69 57. 00 S. 0 S. 1 2 E. 2 .31 .59 10 ... 48 74 59 60.33 S. 0 s. 0 s. 0 S. W. s. w. S. 30*03 .77 29. *'' . 15 . 75 60 63. 00 S. 1-4 s. 0 4-4 S. W. 6 w. 11 N.W. 12 .61 .22 11 . 47 ... 45 40 43. 4-4 4-4 0 0 N. W. 8 w. 8 N. W. 1 30. 15 .60 .33 12 40 66 . . 13 ... 33 49 42 41. 33 S. 1-4 S. o S. 0 W. 1 s. 8 S. 6 30. 16 .69 24 42 li 30.13 . 62 . ... 57 49 48. 00 s. 0 s. 0 0 0 S. W. 1N. W. 1 s. .33 50 14 38 . 50 68 64 60. 00 1-4 2-4 s. 1-4 3-4 0 S. W 6 s. w. 14 s. w. 8 30. 07 . 85 . 55 62 H 29. 87 16 ... 62. OU S. W. GO 55 .57 .50 4A ~(T H. s. 6 s. w. 3 29. 38 .34 .50 4.4 0 27 W. 16 N.W. 20 29. 82 .34 . 43 .51 18 . 47 43 33 41.00 4-4 0 N. W. N. 0 0 4 12 W. 1 30.18 .63 .29 . 59 19 ... 26 36 32 31.33 s. 0 S. if. N. W. N.W. 2 30. 20 1.00 .38 20 ... 29 45 40 38.00 H. H. H. H. 0 4 s. 8 s. .47 4-4 11 6 S.E. 1 30. 21 .49 . 62 .78 21 . 45 49 49. 66 F. 4-4 S. W. s. 4-4 2 1C S. E. 7 30. 02 .92 . 93 . 92 ... 49 52 49 50. 00 1.80 4-4 S. E. 22 4-4 . . 4-4 5 1 9 29. 80 . 93 93 1.00 23 ... 53 54 54. 33 79 4 4 4-4 S.E. S. W. N. 0 9 S.W. 9 29. 97 . 92 .69 . 75 . 4G 46 43 45. 00 .07 4-4 1-4 0 N. W. 2 W. 24 . 45 . 38 . 52 45 50 44 46. 33 S. 0 S. 0 0 0 W. 9 s. w. 16 N.E. 4 29. 74 7 in S. 6 29. 93 . 71 . 43 . 52 26 .. 37 59 51 49. 60 S. 0 4-4 0 1-4 S.E. s. W. 1 8 N. E. 10 29. 99 .75 . 32 . 35 ... 54 43 47. 00 s. 0 S. 0 4-4 S. N. 27 44 30. 46 • 28 35 38. 50 s. 0 0 1-4 N.E. 6 N. E. 5 .34 53 42 5 3 30. 43 . 53 . 52 29 ... 34 45 44 41.00 s. 2-4 F. 2-4 0 2-4 N.E N.E. N.E. .61 3 8 30. 37 .81 . 64 . 81 .... 2-4 E. S.E. 3 S.E. 30 ... 38 58 57 51. 00 0 2-4 3-4 2-4 2-4 *Frost during nights of October 6-7, and October 31 and November 1. 16 The foregoing record of the meteorological conditions observed during the period of the prevalence of the epidemic yellow fever at Memphis and Shreveport in 1873, undoubtedly furnish important facts which are essential to a correct study of the habits and climatic conditions under which this disease exists. Yet we are unable to deduce from them, or to recognize any positive factor or factors that can satisfactorily account for the outbreak and the prevalence, for months, of a specific fever which is very generally believed by physicians to have been imported from New Orleans, where, however, it was not recognized as being epi- demic or even extensively prevalent during any part of the summer. We may here remark, that in the study of this disease as seen in the United States, it is to man himself, and his neglect of the laws governing health and the sanitary conditions of his abode, that we must look for at least some of the exciting causes. That the disease has limits varying its boundaries during particular seasons, will be readily conceded. One of the limiting causes assigned by most observers, is low temperature. We believe that elevation and a comparatively dry atmosphere may be added. We ask the question if, from the facts furnished by the different visit- ations of yellow fever within the United States, elevation is entitled to be credited in any degree with controlling the spread of the disease to interior towns; and if so, does the elevation control it in any other mode than by the effect of a cooler and drier atmosphere than prevails in the low lands iu the same vicinity ? Nothing is truer than that man’s health is affected by his surroundings. Where a rapid vegetable growth and decay go on, as iu the tropical and semi-tropical regions, these localities must always have conditions pecu- liar to themselves, which influence powerfully both health and disease, although their modes of action may escape our observation. Humboldt long ago observed that this fever did not exist at high al- titudes. A. Keith Johnson, in his valuable Physical Atlas, says: “At Xalapa, in Mexico, on the same parallel with Vera Cruz, but 4,330 feet above the sea, yellow fever is unknown.” In Jamaica, Maroontown and the Phoenix Park, at an elevation of 2,000 feet, are noted for their heathfulness, while yellow fever rages along the coast, cutting off many hundreds annually. In this island, however, it has been known to exist in a mild form on Stony Hill, elevated 1,360 feet. Major Tullock, of the British army, remarks that this disease has never been known iu any climate at an elevation of 2,500 feet. Mount Desmouliu, near Roseau, in the island of Dominica, 1,500 feet above the sea, is always free from fever, even while it is epidemic at the water- line. The same exemption is observed in the northern and elevated parts of San Domingo, whatever may be the character of the soil. Dr. Drake, in his work, fixes a limit to this fever in the United States at 400 feet. These figures would seem to be not far out of the way. 17 This view of the limitation to the spread of yellow fever by elevation has been observed in Cuba and elsewhere. Fort Smith, in Arkansas, 460 feet the sea, is the highest point at which this fever has prevailed as an epidemic in the United States. Although Winchester, Va., at an altitude of 700 feet, is placed upon the map, the cases reported to have occurred there in 1802 are not well au- thenticated. A correspondence with Dr. G. Miller, an old and intelli- gent physician of that place, was opened to verify thereport, but nothing could be learned thatwould give credibility to the statement. As a faith- ful chronicler, however, we do not feel at liberty to omit the mention of the disease at this place, with the authority, and the less so since a per- son en route from the South died there shortly after his arrival, in 1871, of what was supposed to be yellow fever. There is much room for doubt, also, as to the correctness of the diagnosis that recognized yellow fever at Gallipolis, in Ohio, in 1796, and in Bald Eagle Valley and Nittany, in Penusylvauia, in 1799. The cases at Cincinnati in 1871 and 1873 were strangers, reported to have been brought there on boats from New Orleans and Memphis, which renders it probable that they were yellow fever, but contracted before sailing. No new cases occurred at Cincinnati. Those reported at Winchester, Gallipolis, BaldEagle Valley, Nittany, and other points, not here questioned, may have been only aggravated cases of bilious fevers. But lest we be misled, and attribute too much influence to elevation, we should not forget the remark of the late Dr. La Boche, who notices how securely a stranger may live in the near vicinity of the epidemic, provided he does not enter the infected district. This fact suggests that the stratum of air, in which the infection peculiar to yellow fever exists, is heavier than air free from the poison, and which therefore seeks the lowest and dampest localities. If this view should be verified by careful and repeated observations, it would suggest that houses and hospitals, in districts particularly lia- ble to yellow fever, should be built upon columns or supports 10 or 12 feet high, with the space beneath paved and left open for the free cir- culation of air. The occupants might thus, to some extent, escape breathing the heavier and more noxious stratum of air. It is clear, as shown by this map, that the disease has, in the United States, never in an epidemic form reached an elevation of 500 feet. If elevation, then, can exempt the inhabitants of a place from such a terribly destructive disease, the profession should, and will, avail itself of this means of protecting life, namely, the removal of all susceptible persons out of the infected district to an elevation above 500 feet if practicable. So far as we could collect facts bearing upon the point in question as to each locality we have done so, and they are given in the following table: 18 C5. Re- New Fever, p. North of 283. 283. 284. ey, 479, 83. p. p. p. p. 1857, Med. p. Quarantine, 4, Tail Yellow A.,) O.,No. 1845, 1845, 1872. 304. 1859, 1854, 216. p. 1872. 1, 4,4, South 571. N. p 191. 219. 191.220. 191. 191. p. S. 16. 11,of p. p. p. p. p. p. 2, Statements p. 1872.31. A.,No.No. Commission Rev., H. vol. p. the 1,1,A., A., A., A., A., A., vol. Interior 1854,&Epidemic coasts, vol. of 1853, Com. N. N. N. N. N. N. Quarantine, N. J. surg., 1845,of volvol Fenner’s 1668. for J., 1841, Sanitary of Gulf 44. of J., of of of of of of D. Authority. S. M. p. Jour.,San. J.,J., J., and Reports, & (asst, Quarantine, A. 65. and M. M. M. M. Brown, Diseases p.M. Ch. Surg. Valley Valley Valley ValleyValley Valley Valley 304. History Fever O. O. O. O. Report Report ]>. 225. O. N. N.N. and Med. p. 1857, Int. Int. Int. Int. Int. Int. Brown, N. Int. 2, Authorities N. 49. Brown, and 222, SINCE Principal E. Quarantine, Quarantine,vol. and Barton, Nott, Fenner, p. southern Yellow Barton,Lewis, Dis. Lewis,Lewis, Dis. Dis. Dis. Dis. Dis. andLewis, p. Dis. South / the Med. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. America, H. Orleans,C. Whattleworth,D. 1853, O. H. H. H.H. ports, on H. Drake, E. J.C.E. Harvey Brown, Dowler, N.E. P. Drake,P.P. Drake, Drake, Drake,Drake, Drake, Drake, ,T. Drake, Drake,Brown, Fenner, APPEARED Mortality Mortality. 274 130350 650 "go’ 240 76 75 HAS 1 1 20 5 SUS- id a oa Disease; OF Dec. Dec. Nov.— Nov.— Oct. Nov. FEVER the PENSION. f-tC5O tH of DATE 1819 1819 1837 1839 1843 8 4 13 4 15 14 20 11 20 18 COM- id do3 Aug. — — YELLOW Suspension OF Aug. July July Aug. Sept.Aug. Sept. Sept. Aug. Aug.Aug. DATE MENCEMENT. ucS 5L (J. 1873. 49. p. Review, Review 1. p. 45. 269. and p. p.Surgeon, Service,and 24. 280, 1853, 13. 88. 476. p.328. 153.24. p. 34,1873. 563. 1858,213. 1871, p. p. p. p. p. p. p. No. 23. 372. A. S., 543. 13,Fever, 357. No. 239. p. 153. Journal Journal 1854, 1853, p. 1822, 1860, Fever, 2, p. p. Rev., 1827, 43* 345. 44. p. 1859, Fever, 9. p. 1856, N. M. & p, p. p. Supervising Med. Med. J., J.,vol. 153. J., p. vol 1800, J., 526. p. 1807, 1809, J. 571. A. 303. 289. 1873,S.Rev., S. Yellow 8. Rev., 1820, 42. S. Marine-Hospital p. p. & Ph. 211. Valley. 1854, p. & & 1872, 517. 1872, p. Fevers, p. & p. M. & 1872, p. p. J., Yellow & Yellow 235. S., S. Epi. 1822, Times, Reporter, Repos., p. Report S. M. J. ofM. on 197. J. of Repos., 5Ius., Ch. M. 1854,& 1854, p. M. Repos., Ink 1874, & 1858, Trans. U. 1874, O. M. O.Republican, His. J., M. 1709, M. A. J., A., 1803, M. Charleston 4, 4,M. N. N. Tully Y. 51. 5Ied. 51ed. Charleston 51. N. S. J., 1800,Eli. jr., J. B. Ch. M. N. Ch. Quarantine,& M. Quarantine, No. No. Tableau Quarantine, & Quarantine, Tableau Shreveport Repos., Quarantine, A. Do. M. Ketchum, CramptoD, Michel, 1,Do. Do.Michel, 1, Marks, Nott, Jones, Fenner, and 51. Do. Do. Do. Repos.,Diseases Do.Robertson, Nash.,Ya. I). Repos., Tully,Hume, M. Stephens, O. Woodworth,) Pascalis, Vaughan, A.L. F. vol. F. vol. Jones,C. C. N. Washington Y. Gotham, Comstock, M.Tickuor, Brown, N.Ed. Ed. Brown, G. O. R. R. J. J. J.Trans. Dowler, D. E. MinerBrown, M. N. W. W.Brown, Dowler,DailyF. Ed. J. J. J. J. Med.Drake,Brown, F. B. 50 115 "’27 35 45 30 102 32 9 81 250 86 1 i'5 29 10 13 Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov.— Nov.— Nov.— Nov. Nov. Nov.— 1853 1870 1873 1853 13 13 22 21 — 4 17 29 26 July Aug. Aug.Aug. Sept.— Sept.Sept.— Sept. Sept. June— Aug. Aug.— June— Aug. Aug.— 1849 1851 1853 1854 1858 1867 1870 1873 1853 1854 1855 1873 1873 1853 1853 1853 1853 1873 1853 1796- 1798 1800 1796 1820 1794 1803 1804 18051743 1819 1798 1798 1745 1798 1798 1798 1798 1798 1802 1826 1871 1871 1857 1824 150 60 200 50 135 460 130 350 142 200 60 25 40 35 25 25 20 20 20 20 25 45 15 15 16014 15 miles miles 2 Mobile 3 River. sea ofRiver River Creek, River the River River, in west ocean. Delaware John’s island miles Mississippi Arkansas Connecticut Thames from Christiana from Saint an Six On On On On On On On Co.. Co... Co... Co. Co..Co. Co.. Co Co. Co Co Co Haven Co Co Co Montgomery Co London London Mobile Cbicot Sebastian ChicotPulaski Middlesex Hartford Middlesex New New Fairfield New Newcastle Newcastle Newcastle Newcastle Franklin Duval Monroe Hill, Smith, Lake,Rock, Haven, London, Creek, West, Montgomery,Co. SpringColumbia,Fort GrandLittle Chatham, Hartford, Middletown, NewCo. New Co. Norwalk, Stonington,Co. Christiana,Duck Newcastle,Wilmington, Apalachicola, Jacksonville,Key Arkansas Conuectfcut 20 152. 125. 49. 1, p. 315. 393. p. p. vol. p. O., p. 58. 125. 125. 1853, 380. 1,1868, p. p.H. O., 1874, p. 1823, p. 1843, of 190. N. 340. Ho. J.,p, 229. 232. p.233. J.,Com., 727. 1841, p. p. P- Com., p. andE., 513. A., Army, S. Com. 340. 564. p. Ph. A., A-,A., & p. J. p. Sci., 323. 423. 1864, N, San. San. Fever, 1859, p. p. N. N. N. M. of ofSan. M. Circular and of 1866, 1856, 1862, of States of of N., Med. 40. 41. 38, M., 36. 36. 32. Authority. p. p. p. p. M. Sc., p. of 1854, Office, p. Tellow 227. Eeporter, T. Valley Eeport EeportEeportof of O. p. J. Statistics, J., N. Valley, Yalley Valley Maryland M. United N. ,T, Eeporter, S.Eeporter, & Iiis. 1868,Charleston Am. S. Med. Int. Int. Int. Int. A. M. M. 289. Quarantine, Quarantine,Quarantine, Quarantine, Quarantine, Hargis, p. Quarantine, O. and Do. Dis. Do.Dis. Dis. Dis. Do. Do. DuprC, Medical Hunt, Statistics, Fenner, Do. Michel, 4, —Continued. S. Gibbs, Do. Townsend, Do.Laurason, S. U. Ma 25. 150. D.S. 481. 1869. 1. p. 192.p. 308. vol. Surgeon, p. 508. p. p. 31. Surgeon p. 191. 251. 377, 191. Office, 1873. 1855, 1859, 250. p. p. p. p. 1859, 1848, p. p. 1840, 17,A., 345. 25,1873, 10, J., A., A., 323. Report p. 135. 145.Rev., 491. J., Rev., A., 491. N. p. p. p. S. N. N. p. p. Oct. 1. vol. N. 536. No. Supervising 1873. M. of p. Report, of General’s 46. 86. 1854, p. 10,and J., Supervising and of of 48. 17. 1810, 1858, O. and J. p. p. p.S., J. p. 1858., Service, 212. 1827,vol. M. M. J., N. M. M. 506. 1848,J., Gen. Valley p, ibid. O. p. Valley Valley Valley 1841, Reporter, Statistics,Surgeon 1839,and Rep., J-.,J.,Cli. M. ReportService, Ch. J.,M. 1, Republican, S. N. S. J., Surg. J.,M. M. S. 1859, lut. 1820, & Va., Int- Int. Int. Va., S. Surg. Woodworth, S. J. No. Quarantine, and Anderson, J., Dis. Dis. Dis. Quarantine,and and Dis. M. Rec., M. Med. Do. Charleston Bailliaclie, Do. Do. Do.Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Eenner, M. Do. M. Do. and Medical and Do. Mackall, D. Gaillard, Nash, Seagrove, M, O. Marino-IIospital A. A. Wardner, H.S. O. Chaille, M. Lawson, Army M. Washington C. CliaillO, rinc-Hospital D. C. Drake, B. T. Med.Drake, Circular Brown, John B. Ed. J. A, N.N.R. Hume, S. H. P. G. E. P. N. Drake, Drake, Brown, N.S. 26 4 38 62 84 ”i9 580 17 5 60 19 25 15 Nov. Oct.— Sept. Oct. 4 14 5 5 1 22 13 Sept.— JulyAug. Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. Sept. Oct,— 1841 1841 1836 1871 1839 1853 1862 1867 1873 1839 1854 1873 1808 1807 1808 1819 1820 1827 1852 1853 1854 1858 1873 1873 1819 1822 1827 18311837 1839 1847 1853 1854 1855 1847 1853 1858 1823 1817 1819 1822 1827 1829 1843 1837 1847 1858 15 50 20 12 185 12015 30 322 450 75 10 25 50 near fortyof nine eigh- Mis- oppo- Gulf mouth. and Bay, Bay, River, sea. River, its River, the the Ohio Tampa Mary’s from of Orleans. Joseph’sMexico. from from ionRivers. of of miles Mississippi New Saint Gulf miles Saint miles Savannah teen junctsissippi site On Head On On At On . Co. Co.. ...Co Co Co Co Co Parish s Callioun Camden Rapide Joseph’s, Columbia Hillsborough Richmond Decatur Mary’s, Chatham Saint Suwanee, Tampa, Augusta, Bainbridge, Saint Savannah, Alexandria, 22 28, 68. p. 481. p. 1. 19.p. 192. 167. 1853, 192. 670. 1872, p. p. p. p. p. p. 813. 247. p 241. 1859, p. 192. 191.p. 1851, 1848, 1848, 1855,483. 1848, 1854,483. p. p. p. Fever, A., p. 185-1, A.,Health, J., J.,Bev., J.,N., J., J., J., A., of S. 79. S. S.M. S, N, S. J., S. N. 1856, 1856, 536. S. N. and p. and and andO. N., Yellow and of and p. of of 58. Authority. J. N., and p. M. M. M.N. of M. M. 506. and M. Board 1850, M. M. Valley M. 1848,M. 506. Valley O. J., O. O. O. O. O.O. p. J., 0. p. Valley N. N. Ch. N. N. N. 0. N. S. Brickell, N. Tableau Int. N. 1859, S. N. 1859,Int. Int. Orleans and Quarantine. Wood,Do. Quarantine.Do. Dis.Lvrnan, Wood, J., Quarantine. Quarantine. and J.,Dis. Dis. New Quarantine, —Continued. Morrill, Fenner, Gaillard, Fenner, Fenner, M. M. Fenner, M. M. Bidell, Ac. B. Dowler, B. P- O. D. C. D. Warren D. W. O. 0.L. D. 0. Beport 1668, A. N. E. P. Brown, E. D. W. B. Brown, E. Drake, J.W. N. Brown, Brown, N. J. E. N.Drake, Drake, Brown, i 75 30 2 D. 'ce O ...... A. — 18 . 14 24 since SUSPEN- a §a — OF SION. Nov. Oct.Dec. Dec. Nov. appeared DATE $ 22 18 18 — 1 14 19 7 12 22 has po COM- — Sept. MaySept. Sept. Sept. Fever OF Aug. Sept. Aug. Oct. Oct. June DATE MENCEMENT. c3 t* 1820 1830 1853 1847 1853 1854 1847 1855 1853 1855 1853 1853 1854 1847 1827 1839 1853 1854 1858 1854 1854 1847 1853 1847 1858 1839 1839 1867 1870 sea-level. above 10 75 10 15 20 85 25 30 15 18 15 10 12 15 20 Yelloiv feet, Elevation, 175 100 180 in where Bed Or- miles Bouge.. of miles below Mississippi 60 Mexico. New 65 Mexico. States of of of coast Louisiana.. Biver Biver Biver Baton branch Biver Biver of the Biver Gulf of Biver, Gulf on part United Situation. of N. north the s Biver, the Orleans. the Mississippi Mississippi Mississippi Teche Old Mississippi Teche Mississippi in Biver. frommile Biver. miles leans. from New Mouth On On On On 32 On 45 On On On Settlement Southern Localities Felici- (coast Par- Mary’s Tamma- Mary’s Par- of Carroll Tamma- Martin’s of Orleans.) Feliciana Ascension Parish Louis West Jefferson Saint Natchitoches Saint Saint Saint ville Saint Table Locality. Saint Sara, Settlement,New East Iberville Mary.Bend Providence, of Parish. Parish. Fayette Parish. Iberia, Bay Bayou ana below ish. Parish. Parish. Parish. Covington, ny Parish. Parish. ish. Saint Parish. ny McDonough Parish. Burat Carrollton, Centreville, Clinton, Cloutierville, Donaldsonville, Franklin, Gretna Iberville, Jeannerrett’s, Jesuit's La Lake Mandoville, Natchitoches New Name. 23 12. 197. p. p. 1853, 308. 665. p. Drake, p. 498. 498. 498. 498. Fever, p. 1659,p. and 499. p. 684. p. 498. 1858, 207, p. p. 11,1853, p. N., 1858, p. 1858, 2, 1858, Yellow J„ M. J., 1856, J., No. J., 1858, O. J., of, vol. 3, 1851, J N. M. A.,vol. M. Mod. Med. A., Va. Va. M. Va. Va. Med. M. M. Va, Do.A. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Tableau Va. Do. Do. Do. Dowler, Do. A. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do.Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. ChaillS, Stethoscope, ChaillS, ChaillS, M. ChaillS, S. Trane. S. Dowler, CliaillO, S. M. S. Trans. ChaillS 800 115 239 1 10849 5 109 130215 1172 15210 95 2845 442 17 452 3 594 211 487 1482 160 850 737 10216 415 970 423 2,190 2,259 7,2, Dee.— Sept.— Oct.— Dec.— Nov.— Dec.— Oct.— Dec.— Dec.— Dec.— 1 18 1 1 23 4 23 18 19 18 23 159 15 1228 23 24 24 25 23 25 27 30 5 — — June JulyJuly— Sept.Aug.Aug. JuneMay July JuneMay July JuneAug. JulyAug.Aug.Aug. JulyAug. JulyJulyJulyJulyJulyJuly— Aug.Aug.— June— Aug. July— July— May— July— 1769 1791 1793 1794 1795 1790 1797 1799 1800 1891 1802 1804 1809 1811 1812 1817 1818 1819 1820 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 18335634 1-7362337 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 18461847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 10 24 S. 4, p. 243. 4, 17. p. No. 43. No. 2,1873. 1873, p. 17. Surgeon, 668, 1873, Drake, 34, 1853, p. 72. No. p. 3, p. 264. 1, 27; 483. 191. 252. 191.253. 4, p. 1872, 409. p. vol. p. p. 1854, p. p. vol 1871. p. Com.. vol. p. 499. 499. 1866. J., 1873. J., 491. A., p. p. No. 1846, Rec., A., 536. S. p. A., A., 1, S. Supervising San. 1856, p. Rec., 1855, 26. N. N. N. May, 194.& Health,Health, J., N. Authority. 1856,1856, p. N., p. N., and 1858, vol.S., of of Service, M. Med. Report 1848,M. Med. J.,J., Commission, Report M. J., Med. M. O. O. Valley, J.,O. Valley, Valley,Valley M. 1858.M. 1868,O. D., M. O. N. S. N. Med. of J.,N.Board Board Sketches, South N. Int. South Int. Int. J. Hospital N. M. Int. Va., Rep., 8. SanitaryM. O. O. Smith, Va. Continued. Va. S. p. N and Do. O. N. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Dis. Do. Quarantine. Dis. Do. Fuget, Fox, Cooke, Cooke, 199. Grant,Wood, M. Hacker, Cooke, Dis. Dis. cfc. Chaille, Med. N. R. A. A. B. O. ChaillO, A. C. Marino Carpenter, p. S. B. 193. Fenner, ReportReport S. ChaillO, S. Chaill6, J. T. T. J. Drake, J. Drake, 1668, Ed. Ilarris,Ed. Orsamus D. W. N. Brown, T. Drake Drako Mortality. 74 199889 093 587 55 40 225 45 D. | 2,670 3, 3, A. — 10 22 30 18 since SUSPEN- rd o — — — — — — — — OF SION. Dec. Nov. Dec. Oct. Dec. Dec. Oct. Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov. Dec. Oct. appeared DATE aO 10 16 4 28 4 20 8 13 has COM- aoS — — — — — — — — OF June Aug. June June JuneMayAug.Aug. July Oct. Aug.— Aug.Sept.Sept. Sept. Oct. Oct, Fever c3<© DATE MENCEMENT. N 1855 1856 1857 1858 1862 1863 1864 1867 1870 1871 1872 1873 1854 1855 1829 1837 1839 1842 1853 1867 1853 1854 1855 1837 1839 1847 1853 1858 1854 1870 1839 1841 1843 1811 1817 sea-level. above 10 10 60 20 6 8 75 83 Yellow feet, in Elevation, • of where head Courta- States the tho from on United Situation. miles Bayou. the navigation in Seven bleau — settle- Landry be- Feliei- Localities below.) SaintMary’s coast West.. of Locality. (small coast Saint Haebe, Orleans. East Parish Table on la Orleans, a New Hudson, Francisvillo Now ment Opelousas, Pattersonville, Parish. Point low Port SaintFeliciana e. 25 S U. 197. 196. 8. 13. 26. 26. 26. 199. p. p. 7. 7. p. p. p. p. p. p. p. p. 65. 4, 4, 602. 4, 1853,405. 1853,Surgeon 1853, p.42. p. 24. 1853, 1853, p. No. No. No. p. Fever, 24. Fever, p. 454. 3, 3, 3, 27. p. p. p. 372. 369. 191. 1849, 57. 1854, p. p. Fever, 1853,p. Fever, Fever, Com., p.vol. vol. vol. 1860, Fever, Fever, 1855,J., J., Yellow 1860, Yellow 1819, J.,A., S. Rec, Rec., S.Rec., of of 1856, 362. 1856, S. Supervising N., San. Com., Rev. p. N. Rev. C., M., Yellow Yellow Yellow M. and and and 14. Yellow 278. Yellow of and of of Fever, M. p. 1805, p.of J. O. M.Report San. Med. Med. M. Med. J. and of M. Valley, 1873. O. J. J. Y. N. O. M. M. p.100. A. Mus., 185G, N. O. N. Report South South N. South Visitations Visitations N. Int. Tableau Report Ch. Ch. Yellow M., Tableau Woodworth, Tableau 1803, Quarantine,Med. Tableau J. Tableau Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do.Do. Do. Dis. M. S., McLeod, Booth,Richardson, Shaw,Cooke, Cooke,Do. Do. Cooke, Cooke,Do. Do. Do.Do. Reese, Jameson, Y. H. A. Hume, Griscom,Hume, Griscom, Do. Do. Griscom, Dowler, Delery, Dowler, Dowler, A. P. B. A. A. A. A. H. Reps., H. M. G. Dowler, N.Dowler, H. B. C. Drake, B. JohnMB. M. W. T. H. T. T. T. T. W. J.W. M. J.D. H. Brown, Stewart, B. Ed. B. J. 1 1 ...... 759 160 .— 10 30 Oct. Dec.— Nov. Oct.— Oct.— Nov.— Oct. 22 28 28 12 1220 15 21 Sept.Aug.Aug. Sept.— Sept.— Aug. Sept.Sept. Aug.— Aug. Aug.— July Aug.— 1819 1823 1827 1829 1839 1843 1846 18481853 1853 1839 1854 1853 1873 1853 1854 1840 1853 1853 1870 1837 1839 1852 1853 1854 1867 1794 1795 1797 1798 1799 1600 1601 1802 1805 1819 1820 1821 1822 1868 1691 1693 1795 1796 20 22 15 220 15 80 17550 65 60 15 45 the Bay. on Mexico Bayou. of navigation Gulf of Massachusettsof the On Head Courtablcau Head Saint (Judge Parish. Fourcbe, Parish.. Parish. Landry Landry Co Annap-Co. Parish. Parish, plantation.) Caddo La parish. Saint Saint (nearArundel Martinsville, Mary’s WashitaConcordia Platte, Baltimore River, Anno .. olis,) Saint Martin’s SaintBaker’s Shreveport, Thibodeaux, interior Trenton, Vidalia, VilleParish. Washington,Parish. Baltimore, West ... Massachusetts 26 i 13. p. 11. 26. / p. p. . 25. 675. p. Eever, 1853, 192. 77. p. 1853, p. p. 225. 549. 321. 321. 140. 571. 1823, p. p. 369. p. p. p. tV, 369. 563. 1848,p. 151. 1854, 584. 263. 269. 861. 191. p. Fever, p. p. 182. p. p. p. p. p. p. 1848, Fever, 563. Yellow 191. J., 1853, p. J., 1849, 1828, 1828, 1858, 1854, J., 1856, p.of £A 1856, A., S. 491. S. A., Fever, A., A., J., J., J., 1856, J., p. 1856, 1855, 1867, S. A. — S. 1856, 525. N. N. N. S. M.,S. 1856, S. S. 9. M., N. N.,and 59. J., Yellow and 201. p. - Yellow Authority. J. p.of J.Rep., 1858, N., p. and M. p. M. M. M’. and of Y.and Rep., and and 107. Y. and J.,Commission, M. O. Yellow M. p. Valley, O. 22, O. 1854, Valley, Valley, Valley, M. M. M. M. M. O. O. N. Visitations N. Med. N. O. M. A., N. Stethoscope, O. N. A., Galv. A. Med. A. B. 1853, jr.,Int. N. Int. HistoryInt. Int. N. N. N. N. Quarantine,Tableau N. Va. Sanitary M. M. Tableau —Continued. Griscom, Griscom, Oliver, Rep., Griscom, Bis. Fenner, Nott, A. Jones,Beazley, A. Bis. Quarantine, Bis. Merrill,Bis. Stino, A. * 18 9 181 25 SUS- "3o — — — since OF Nov. Oct. Nov.Bee. Oct. Nov. Nov.— Nov. Nov. Nov.— PENSION. PH 030) appeared DATE H 15 23 28 23 10 20 18 17 has COM- rd o Sept. Sept. Aug.Aug. Sept.— Sept.— Aug.Aug. Sept.Sept.Sept.— — Fever OF June July DATE MENCEMENT. c3Ot* 1798 1800 1802 1805 1819 1858 1763 1800 1801 1796 1798 1702 1839 1847 1853 1858 1853 1854 1855 1853 1855 1853 1853 1853 1854 1817 1819 1823 1825 1827 1829 1837 1839 1844 1848 1853 sea-level. above 45 75 20 25 20 20 10 Yellow feet, Elevation, 300 320 175275 200 140275 150 in where Bay. Boston. ocean... Jackson,Kiver. Jackson,River. River States from the Pearl in fromPearl from of Pearl miles of United Situation. 25 miles miles from Massachusetts 12 ,25 of island branch the an nd,branch ... in on miles Head Inland, On Inla Inland near 10 ...Co.Co.. Co. Co Localities Co Co... Hinds Co of Bristol Essex Locality. Nantucket Wells, Claiborne Carroll Table Middlesex Bedford, Gulf, Holliston,antucket, Newburyport, Cooper’s Greenwood, IN New Grand 3 State. ■ Massachusetts... ir> 27 9. 9. 4. 101 p. p. p. p. 3, 80. 480. 192. 192. p. 676. p. 214. vol. p. p. p. 689. 354. Fever, Fever,Fever, , 571. 571. p. p. 243 190. p. p. p. 1856, 1854, p. p. 1859, Reg 1868, 1868, 180. 180. 180. 214. 191. 16, 74. 1858, J., p. J., 301. p. 1848, p. A.., 347. 194. 52. p. 563. J., 1854, J., 1854, p. p. 1827, p. p. p. Yellow Yellow Yellow p. S. p. J., 49. No. Rev., J., 491. S. S. 491. S. A., A., N. of 564. of of p. J., J., p. 1854, 575. p.25, So., 1801, p. 246. S.Philo. 278. S. S. 1854, 1844, 1854, M. p.N. of 1844,and 1856, 491. 525. 1856, p. 1856, p. 275. and and and and N. O. p. p. and p. 1858, M. 1858,N., M. N., N., 1858.vol. M. J.N.. N., 211. 1856, and M. , 1856, J., and M. and 1.,M. M. M. N. 1853, J. M. J.., p. 1800, Rep., M. O. M. O. M. O. O. Lane, Valley Valley J.,Rep., Valley M. 1854, M.Repos., Med. 1855,M. N. M. O. N. O. O. M. A. Lancet, Cb. Rep M. B. M., N. O. N. O. O. M. A., O. M. 1799, Visitations Visitations Visitations J., J. Va. N. N. N. Int. Int. Int. N. Va, M. Repos., jr., S. Va. N. N. West Mngruder,Lancet Va. Surg. West, M. N. Amer. Y. M. Calvert, Jones, Jones, Jones, Dis. Dis. Monnett, Dis. H. Holt, A. Repos., N. and Fenner, Nott,Fenner, Nott, New, Do. Do. Do. C. and Gaillard, Do. AVobb, Watkins, Griscom, Griscoui,Griscom, Griswold, H. P. West C. Leo, M. Chaille,D. C.D. C. Chaille,P. McAllister, B.P. L. Chai!16, W. W. C. Chaill6, H. Gotham, H. H. Gotham,D. Gillespie,Ed. 15. S.E. J.E. J.W. S. A. E. A.C. A. Drake, A. Ed. Drake, S. Med. J.Drake, J.P. A. S. Trans. AV. Dr. Med. J. J. G. J. J. J. G. 52 57 100 5 C 45 40 j — Oct.— Nov.— Oct.— Sept.— Sept. G 20 5 9 1 14 9 Sept. Aug.Aug. Sept.— Aug.— Aug.Sept.— Sept. Aug. Aug.— Aug. Aug.- July— 1855 1858 1847 1853 1847 1853 1855 1858 1853 1853 1829 1843 1847 1853 1820 1829 1839 1839 1811 18471858 1871 1825 1817 1844 1852 1853 1855 1853 1853 1854 1855 1797 1798 1798 1805 1811 1798 1798 1746 17981856 1809 10 15 200 200 175 10 175 175 135 100 140 475 420 40 50 20 20 20 85 20 40 Mis- Bay. the three twenty of River, ocean. east tho Creek, belowNatchcz. es . Delaware Pierre. milRiver. from from Bayou Twentymilesfteeii sissipxsi Louis. Piscataqua miles Cohansey miles On Fi On On Co. .. Co. Co. Co... Co Harrison Jefferson Hancock Co Louis Rockingham Camden Middlesex Cumber- Jackson Hills, Claiborne Warren Adams Wilkinson Saint City, Christian, Gulf Gibson, Louis. Amboy, Elizabeth, Co. Pascagoula, Pass Co. Petit Co.Port Shielilsborough, Co. Vicksburg, Washington. Woodville, Saint Co. Co.Portsmouth, Co.Bridgeton,Cumberland GloucesterCo.Perth Co. Port land Hampshire Jersey New New 28 41 41, p. p. Wj- ■2. 3. 3. 4. 29. 191. m p. p. p. p. p, p. 1873. Quaran- 1870, „Imm.Fever,Fever, Fever, Fever, 24. 1795. 24. 1813, - 811, p.Brown, p. Convention, Convention, 561. Ho. 1860, 1860, 561. Fever. York, Reg., p. Fever, p. 291. YellowYellow Yellow Yellow 2, and Sanitary Sanitary p. 1856,of of of of Rev., 278, Rev., 1856, Hew 278. vol. p. 278. 278 278. Yellow 1807,Philos. p. p. Epidemic p. p. Authority. of and and and and Reps. and Rep., J. J. Rep., 278. Health, 328. 1856, Times, 1856, 1856, of 1856, 1856, p. p. Repos., M. M. M. M. M. of Visitations Visitations M., Visitations Visitations M. M., M., M., M„ M., 1856, M. J. Ch. J. J. Ch. J. J. Sketches 6. J. Account Continued. Quarantine Quarantine J., Y. p. Dwight, Board Scott,Hcsack, Griscom,Griscom,Griscom,Y. Griscom, Griscom,Shreveport Y. Y. Y. Griscom, Y. M. D. Do. H. Do. Do. Do. Hume, H. H. Do. Do. H. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Hume, H. H. Carpenter,Hat’l "W. Hat’lReport G. H. H. H. H. H. Daily tine, Bayley’s H. 1668, 3d B. 3d Ya. J.Dr. J. J. J.Ed. J. J. W.Ed. Ed. Ed. W.Ed. J.Ed. 8 49 76 *0 I). Mortality. 570 217 730 2,080 *21 *16 *2 340 A. 6-700 28 26 30 15 14 since SUSPEN- rd o Sept. Sept. Oct. — Hov.— — — — — OF SION. Oct. Hov. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Hov. appeared DATE cS©X 14 10 29 19 18 has COM- rd"3 oa — — — — — — OK July Aug. JulySept. Aug. July Aug. July— Sept.Sept. July June Juno- Fever © DATE MENCEMENT. o3 X 1823 1856 1743 1704 1803 1856 1870 1856 1798 1705 1708 1668 1702 1732 1741 1742 1743 1745 1747 1748 1762 1790 1791 1792 1793 1794 1795 1796 1797 1798 1799 1800 1801 1802 1803 1805 1806 sea-level. above 40 50 25 15 20 35 Yellow feet, Elevation, 150 in where Hew States near sCove, United nu Situation. a w Harbor. the o G in On York Co... Co. Localities Co York of Locality. Kiu>aCg Saratoga Suffolk Hew Tabic yu, York, hi Huntington, E Greenfield, Hew . State. „ 29 1873. S., 191. 613. p. 162. H. p. p. M. 1813, 7, S. 1848, 501 587. U. Reg., p. vol. p. 202. Rev., 242. A., 23, Surg. p. p. 1856, 1864. 284. 284. M. 284. No. Sup. 1807, and Philos. 1807, p. J. p. p.28l A. p. 80, Rice, 284. Rep., 328. M. and P. p. 1856, 1856, 1856, 1856, vol. Repos., p. M.Repos., 328. IT. M. Trans. Report Ch. p. 18.10, M., M., M., M., J., M. 1856, M. J. J. J. and J. S. 1856, Itoport, M., Smith, J., Hosack, J. J. Grxseom, Y.I)o. Do.Do. Do. Y.Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Y.Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do., Y.Do. Do. Do. and Scott, Whiting, Do. Scott, N. N. N. N. M. M. B. D. M. Y. H.. G. G. N. J.Ed. Ed. Ed. Ed. B. J.Ya. A. Dr. J.Va. Heber Official Ed. *3 *1 *2 *1 *7 *0 *4 *4 37 *2 *16 230 *5 *8 *1 *2 *4 *0 *0 *1 *1 *2, *1 *2 *8 *4 *5 *2 *0 *0 *12 *1 *14 *20 *5 "'is' 68 years. 5 ’36' 17 Nov. Oct. Nov. 1 respective the 10 12 23 23 23 24 for Aug.— July Aug. May Aug. Aug. Sept. Y. N. 1807 1808 1809 1610 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1820 1827 1828 1829 1830 1832 1833 1834 1835 1838 1839 1843 1844 1846 1847 1848 1852 1853 1854 1855 1872 1873 1801 1856 1848 1848 1795 1804 1856 1854 1864 1871 30 20 20 1825 208 Hospital, sea Marine the tho near at River, deaths of Newport reports Co Isl- ... the Co... Co Orange Island, Co. Co. Staten Orange indicates Dutchess Staten Star Point, * Hook, Richmondand, Queensborough, lied Stapleton,Richmond Tompkinsville, West 30 225. 49. p. 9. 3. 5. p. Quaran- p. p. p. 116. 31,1864. 1869, p. 58. 3. 458. 5,1869, Brown, and 354. Fover, p. Fever, p. p. Fever, Dec. No. p. 358. 311,1873. Fever, A., 478, 16, p. 1852, 1852, ix, and p. 601. No. Fover, S. 369. 74. 75. Yellow p. 75. 2, Yellow Yellow p. 86, No. p. p. 68. 62. p. 1857,Rev., of of TJ. vol. p. of 13. p. p. Rev., 1869.25, p. 1805, J., vol. Malignant Authority. J., M.. M., 1801,1801, 1860, and Yellow and J. 1822, vol. 1805, M. 197. M. J. Fev.,Fever, Mus., J. of J. the Inspector Y. 197. Y. 197. Y. Va, M. Times, M. p. p. p. Rep. Repos.,Repos., of of N. N. Rec., N. Report. Visitations Med. Mus., Repos., Ch. Visitations Ch. Visitations 1800, 1800, M. Surg. M. M. M. 1800. 18. Yellow Med. Tableau —Continued. Medical Wragg, A. p.Wragg, Oilice Tables Roche, Shreveport Roche, fe. Griscom, and Griscom, Schoolfield, Griscom, Griscom, Account Repos., T. Repos., Repos., T. Harris, Roche, Baldwin, Harris, Do. Do. Report H. Hill, tine, EUicott, H. Rush, N.La DailyH'.Dowler, La H. 1668, M. W. M. J. M. J. W. Med. Health A. W. J.Dowler La W. J. W. J.It. J.B. R. J. Carey, D. Mortality. 700 446 50 220 250 A. 4,041 17 ince SUS- Month. t — — — OF PENSION. Nov. Nov. Nov. Dec. appeared DATE Year. has COM- 9 6 1 15 Month. Sept.— Aug. Aug. Aug.— Aug. Aug.— Aug. Fever OF MENCEMENT. Year. 1799 1864 1862 1800 1796 1800 1821 1862 1871 1873 1796 1799 1798 1805 1793 1803 1798 1799 1695 1699 1732 1741 1742 1743 1744 1747 1762 1791 1793 DATE i Yellow sea-level. above 20 15 35 25 25 15 15 35 feet, in Elevation, 550 520 550 250 550 where near from miles on Creek, 34 Susque- States Iliver, miles of Harrisburgh. 40 River, United Pear Sound. sea. Pennsylvania, Breeches from Situation. River, Fear the ofBranch River. the Cape ccean. in Tar Cape Yellow miles the from West hanna 9 Delawa”" On On Pamlico On Center On Ou . ... Co. Co Localities Co Han- Co Clin- Co of New Yalley, Philadelphia Delaware Philadelphia Table Craven Brunswick Beaufort Hamilton Hook, Location. Co. Eagle Cumberland Berne, .. Co. .. New Smitliville, Washington, Wilmington, over Cincinnati, Bald ton Kensington, Co.Lisburn, Marcus Co. Philadelphia, Co. . State. Carolina North- Pennsylvania 31 53. 368. p. and p. 14. Brown, 7. 37, 1870,1856, p. p. 1805. 37. p. 458. and in p. 21. 145. 21. p. 1853, 1853, 324. p. p. 24. 24. 24. p.24. 1851, p. and p. 321. 246, 26. 123. p. p. p. 5, Phila., p. 345. p. 1851, Charleston. 1852, 20, of p.369, 689. 149, p. 1860, 23. 1851, 1805, 1860, Fever, pp. 1860, Fever, 1860, 1860, p. 291. No. Rep., 1828,p. pp. 68. 1803, Ass’n, p.J., J., , Ass’n, 1856, Rev., J., 1854, p. Rev., Providence Rev., Rev., 1821,1854, 1870, Rev. Rev., Rev., in 1807, 23,P. Ph. Census and Yellow S. Repos Yellow Med. and J.M., J. of H., Surg., and ofand and and Med. C. vol. and and Health 1797. and andRec., Fev., Fever, O. J. of M. J. J. 10. M. J. J. J. J.Fever Repts., S. Y. of M. and S. A.,M. M. M. N. M. M. Y. p. M. M. M. M. M. Ch. A. A. M. DeSaussure, Ch. Tableau N. Willey, Ch. Ch. Ch. Ch. Phil. Ch. Phil. Board N. J.M.Yellow Yellow Tableau Yellow Trans. A. & Epidemic C. Trans. Griscom, Do. Roche, Do. Do. Do.Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Hume, Do. Do. Do. Hume,Do. Do. Do. Do. Iioche, La Hume, Dowler, Emlen, Jackson,Jewell,Quarantine,Nash.Roche, Roche, Hume, Dowler,Hume, Hume, Bowen, Comstock, Trans. Harris, Harris, La J.H.Rush, R. W. B. S. S. W. Ed. La La Aaron W. B.W. W. W.P. J. Simons’ Simons’ T. W. T.Dawson 1,3003,500 1,000 307 1953-400 3 3 56 7 2 2 13 83 128 18 45 45 *8-12 15 1 orOct Oct. Nov. Nov.— Oct.— Dec.— Aug.— Aug.— Sep. 1 1 24 19 29 13 19 Aug. Aug. Jul— JulyJuly June Juno— Aug. July May— daily. 1794 1796 1797 1798 1799 1800 1801 1802 1803 1805 1807 1809 1810 1811 1813 1814 1815 1810 1819 1820 1853 1854 1870 1793 1801 1795 1796 1797 1806 1794 1795 1797 1800 1805 1798 1.805 1699 1703 1728 1732 1734 1739 1745 1748 1753 1755 1761 1762 Died * 20 20 20 20 35 25 10 Bay. Narragansett on port A Co Co. Co. Co Philadelphia NewportProvidence Washington Charleston Southwark, Newport,Providence, Westerly, Charleston, district. Carolina... South 32 38. 38. p. p. 1851, 1851, C., C., 597. S. Authority. S. p. Asa’n Soc. 1859, J., Med. Med. M. O. Continued. Trans. Trans. N. $c.— moils' I)o. Do. Do. Do. mons’ Do. Do Do Do. Dowler, Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. 2 1668, 2 64 25 1 Mortality. 239 184 96 148 162 272 177 235 26 30 49 351 134 22 125 13 D. 3l0 627 211 A. SUS- Month. - — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — since OF PENSION. Nov. Oct. Aug.Nov. Sept. Nov. Sept.Nov. Oct. Sept.Nov. Oct. Oct. Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov.Nov. appeared DATE Tear. has COM- Month. — — - — — — - OF July— Aug. Juno— Aug.Aug.Aug.Aug.Sept.— Aug.— Aug.Aug. June— Aug.— Aug.— Aug.— Aug.— Aug.— Sept— Fever DATE MENCEMENT. Tear. 1768 1770 1792 1794 1795 1796 1797 1798 1799 1800 1802 1803 1804 1805 1807 1812 1817 1819 1822 1824 1825 1827 1828 1830 1834 1835 1838 1839 1840 *1841 1843 1849 1852 1854 18561857 sea-level. above 10 Yellow feet, in Elevation, where States United Situation. the in Localities of Table Locality. trict. State. 33 in Hos 793. Mar. 19. p. Thornton, p. S. 601. B. 811. 293. 1858, IT. w p. p. 1856, 861. G. 930. 23, p. p. 1856, Rev., See J., 353. 1858, Rev., Surgeon 10, p. ., vol. 1867, 275. S. 275. ,1 and and J., p. No. p. S. 70. At. J. 2, J. M. 19, and 19, p. M. M. Health. M. and 170. 163. 170. M. of vol. vol. vol. Statistics, p. p. p. A. O. M. Ch. Supervising A., O. Ch. Galv. 1873. A., 1867, N. 1866, 1866, 1866, Trans. Board of M J., M. N.j., J., J.,Quarantine, Do. Miller, Kinloch, Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Merrill, A. M. A. Medical M. Mr M. C. A. P. MemphisReport Service, Stephens, ArmyChail!6, Newspapers. Newspapers. Newspapers. Simons' W. R. A. Trans. Galv. J. Trans. S. Galv. Galv. Galv. Brown, 717 213 7 1244 45 1 120 50 41 250 123 132 28 25 9 31 23 10 Carolina. Dec.— Nov.— Oct. Oct. Nov. .Oct. Dec. Nov.— Jan. South 1868 27 19 6 20 8 14 4 11 23 12 Charleston, July— JulyJulyAug. Aug. Sept. Sept. Sept. Aug.Sept.Aug.— Oct. Aug.— of 1871 1854 1866 1867 1867 1853 1873 1833 1862 1873 1858 1802 1864 1871 1854 1852 1858 1854 1862 1817 1848 1852 1856 1857 1853 1855 1873 1867 1867 1867 1863 1859 1858 1862 1867 1873 1867 1873 1867 1limits 10 10 17515 10 10 10 200 250 200 260 50 180 20 300 25 325 200 250 395 15 porate and incor River. River. River. Pecan Bay the Brazos Brazos Brazos River Brazos River. the within near near from the near Christi Not Grande * Austin, Austin, milesRio Austin,River. Corpus 20 On Between Navasota On Co. Co.. Co Co Co Co Nueces Washington Cameron • Grimes Robertson Navarre Christi, district. Anderson, Brenham, Brownsville, Calvert, Co. Corsicana, Corpus 34 297. p. 14, 83. No. p. 2, No. 443 17,1867, 1, 496. p 275. 275. 289. p. vol. vol. p. p. p. * Authority. 19, 1860 J.. 19, 19, 19, 169. J. 856.' 836 338 M. 169 296. p. vol. M. p. p p vol. p p.vol. vol. 1866, A., O 1867, Surg.Rep., 1866Galv. A., 1866 1870!A., A., M. N. 1867 M. M. M. Continued J., J., ,T and ,T. J J.' A. A. A. A. cfc. M. M. TVT Do. Med. Do. Do. Do. Do. M. Welch, M Do Do Do. Do. Do. Do. M. Dowler (i-nlv M. 1668, Galv. Trans. B. Galv. Ed. Galv S. Trans. Galv. Galv.Trans. Trans. 1 D. Mortality. 13 23 250 400 200536 404 344 162259 1,150 151 130 A. 1 SUS- 11 25 26 5 14 30 20 26 19 since Month. — OF PENSION. Oct. Nov.Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov. Oct. appeared DATE Tear. 1 16 9 1 9 9 has 30 27 17 26 » COM- Month. Sept. Aug. Aug. Aug.Sept. Sept. Aug. Aug. Fever OF Oct. June DATE MENCEMENT. Tear. 1853 1859 1867 1859 1867 1839 1844 1847 1853 1854 1858 1859 1864 1866 1867 1867 1867 1853 1839 1844 1847 1648 1653 1854 1858 1859 1864 1870 1867 1867 sea-level. above 00 50 5 55 50 50 Yelloiv feet, Elevation, 160 100 200 200 250 in where and of Jacinto north IStates Galveston by San in Houston, -River. the east United Situation. of island fromBrazos River. the an miles in River. River. Bay. miles branch On 50 near 200 Austin. Brazos Co. — Co... Co Co Co Localities of Harris Table Locality. City, Montgomery Galveston Austin Walker .. Co. Cypress Danville, Galveston, Hempstead, Huntsville, ton State. 35 p.18'2. 91. 77. No.3, p. p. 1, 109. vol. p. 311,1873.369. 369. 109. 443. 288. p. p. Report. p.Report, Report, 15. 443. 443. 190. p. No. p. 1868, p. p. 2, p. 268. 275. 289. 266. 275. 268. 283. Texas. 284. p.Fever, 1856, 1866, 16,1870. 1860, p. p. p. p. p. J., p. p. 1860,of 1860, p. 1804, 1857, vol. Fever, 68. 68. 19, 19, 19, 19, 19,M. 19, 19, 19, J., M„ M., 14. p.Texas, J., J., 170. J., 18. 329. p. p. 169. 170. 175. 163. M. p. J. J. p. Dec. ot p. p. p. p. p. Yellow Times, M. Y. 95. Y. 95. 4, 95. Association Association Association M. vol. vol. vol. vol. vol. Galv. vol. vol. diseases M. vol. of 95. 95. Yellow Repos., p. Epid. O. A.,A.,A., 1866, 1866,A., 1866,A., A., A., 1866,O. 1866, O. A., Va. N. N. p. vol. p. p.Report, p. Bulletin, N. M. M. N. N. 1857, 1857, 1857, 1857, Relief Relief Relief Quarantine, M. M. J., J.,M. J.,M. M. J., Epidemic -J., M. Med. 1857, Rep. Quarantine, J., A. Quarantine, A. A. A.M. M. A. M. Kilpatrick, A. A.M. M. A. Memoirs Manning, Shreveport J., Repos., J., J., J., Memoirs Griscom,Do.M. Griscom, Do. M. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Dewier, R. Dowler, Dowler, Dick, M. M. M. Heard, A. Daily H. Va., H. liidianolaBrown, B. Brown, Trans. Trans. Trans. Galv. Galv.Trans. Galv. Trans. A. Trans. Trans. Galv.B. Heard. Galv. B. Trans. Dr. Currie, J.Brown, J. J. Va. Med. Va. Va. Committee’s Va. Portsmouth Currie,Portsmouth Portsmouth 80 200 4 120 4 154 150 14 200 200 250 3 1,807 1,000 12 29 1 25 30 2 Nov.— Nov. Dec.— Oct. Oct. Dec. Oct. Nov. Oct.— Oct.— 20 15 12 13 3 1 1 26 1 1 7 30 1 Sept.— JuneAug.~ Aug.— Oct. Aug.Oct. July July— Aug.Aug. July Aug.Sept.Aug.Oct.— June Aug. 1852 1853 1858 1850 1862 1867 1867 1867 1853 1862 1863 1864 1867 1867 1867 1867 1853 1850 1867 1863 1853 1859 1867 1803 1798 1855 1869 1747 1794 17951796 1797 1798 1799 18.0 18011802 1803 1804 1805 1821 1826 18527854 1855 1798 1852 1854 1855 1 10 450 40 25 15 300 200 20 15 125 200 10 10 100 50 25 15 20 20 20 20 Galveston,River. River ot west Chocolate miles near theNavasota 36 On Co. Co. Co.. Co. Co.. Co.. Co. Co. Co Co George Co... Co CalhounBend Starr Bend Fayette Brazoria Matagorda Grimes Fort City, Jefferson Fort AlexandriaPrince Dinwiddie Norfolk Grange, Lavaeca, City, Point, Grande Co. La Liverpool, Matagorda, Navasota, PortRichmond, Rio Sugariand, Alexandria, City Petersburg, Portsmouth, Sabino 1 36 29. 252. p. p. 1857, 1805, Authority. J., 215. M. Repos., p. Va. Continued. 1807,Manning, Med. Vv ZN T&& j *Hted Stat p " Cirirbg Elevations ahove Se a--Lev el ofLocalities where fellow fever has appeared since M.D. 1668. Prepared by Dr.J.M.TONER to accornpan y his papenon. The Distribution and Natural- History ofYellow Fever in the. Un ited States %n the Report of the Sup e.r v i sinp Surgeon — John M.Wo ocbworth - (JruteH Stales Marine-Hospital Service {iuju maccompanying Names ojLocalities indicate Elevation aiboY&$ea,-Level inFeet.) N. PETERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. 0 C.