25900603.Pdf

Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 260 International Conference on Media and Communication Studies (ICOMACS 2018) The Features of Bali between its Beauty and Destruction in 1960—2014 Poetry Puji Retno Hardiningtyas I Nyoman Darma Putra, I Nyoman Weda Kusuma, I Balai Bahasa Bali Gusti Ayu Agung Mas Triadnyani Denpasar, Indonesia Fakultas Ilmu Budaya [email protected] Universitas Udayana Denpasar, Indonesia Abstract— Various intellectual discourse of the features of Gantang. Another Balinese poet who consistently writes local Bali is characterized by a transition of poetry-writing style that Balinese-themed rhymes in the three decades, 1980s-2000s, are tends to reveal well and bad of Bali in its time in five decades, Gde Artawan, Putu Fajar Arcana, Sthiraprana Duarsa, Tan Lioe between 1960 to 2014. The objective of this research is to analyze Ie, Nyoman Wirata, Made Adnyana Ole, Sindu Putra, Alit S. the Features of Bali between beauty and destruction in poems of Rini, Mas Ruscitadewi, Oka Rusmini, I Made Suantha, K. Balinese poets published in 1960-2014. The data were collected Landras Syaelendra, Wayan Sunarta, and Ayu Winastri. Some using literature study method with critical reading technique and of the names of poets outside Bali who also recorded his trace recorded corpus data taken from 19 poetry anthologies of in writing about Bali in the last 50 years are IG. Rachmat Balinese poet. The method used to analyze data is analytical Supandi, Faisal Baraas, Umbu Landu Paranggi, Lilik Mulyadi, descriptive with interpretative technique. This study uses Warih Wisatsana, Helmi Y. Haska, Saut Situmorang, and Acep discourse theory and ecocritical theory with an interdisciplinary approach. The results and discussion of this study show that the Zamzam Noor. poems of Balinese poet in 1960-2014 described the discourse of Essentially, the poems of Balinese poets and outside Bali is local knowledge of society about anthropocentrism and harmony indeed expressing the issue of Bali as a discourse that never of human with nature in Bali. The ecocultural nature of Bali's ended to be discussed in various ways. Based on the problems beauty and nature destruction includes (1) beautiful Balinese in Bali contained in the poems of poets in Bali, the reasons for landscape and harmonious relationship between humans sourced this research are as follows. First, the debate over Bali changes, from Hindu tri hita karana, (2) nature destruction such as one of them due to the growth of tourism which eventually led conversion of agricultural land into tourism object, coastal damage, due to disaster, and the natural damage caused by the Balinese poet to write the poetry-themed local color of the humans. Thus, the poetry of Balinese poets in 1960-2014 is a environment of Bali. Secondly, the Bali damage crisis that is reflection of social and environmental events of society as a track packed in such a way as to be an attempt to rebel/social critic record of Bali from the beginning until now can be found against the change. Third, the presence of awareness to through the art of poetry. preserve the beauty of Bali by documenting them through poems has been done by Balinese poet. This study discusses Keywords—discourse; environment; nature of Bali; beauty; how the features of Bali between beauty and its damage are destruction; ecocriticism reflected in modern Indonesian poems in Bali 1960—2014. This study aims to reveal the description of the features of Bali I. INTRODUCTION and their environment in the poetry of 1960—2014 which theoretically contributes literary science, especially the literary The change of Bali in the early 21st century was influenced period of poetry in Bali. by the dynamics of economic politics that occurred in Indonesia. In addition, since tourism was expressed in Bali, Previous studies that have studied several anthologies of there are pressures on Bali that affect the lives of its people. poetry with the same title in A Literary Mirror: Balinese The inner conflicts in Balinese society are a consequence of the Reflections on Modernity and Identity in the Twentieth transition process from agricultural economy to urban tourism Century [2]. Besides poetry, the studies with ecocritical theory, [1]. Based on that context, there are interesting things that need both in national and international journals [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]. to be discussed in this research, that is the dualism of natural These earlier researchers became mindset and reference of this discourse in Bali in the era of 1960s—2014. The Balinese poet study that focused on the features of Bali between beauty and has written about Bali and its changes since five decades ago. destruction in the poetry by Balinese poet. In 1960—1970 came the poems of the expression of Bali's The concept of discourse in this study is described in the natural beauty that was contradicted by the value of humanity view of Teun A. van Dijk [12]. The analysis of critical and change of Bali environment. The Balinese poets, among discourse on the text is shaped by the text itself, starting from them, are Ngurah Parsua, I Wayan Windia, I Made Taro, I the textual dimension of the text, the social cognitive Made Jara Atmaja, Gde Dharna, Faisal Baraas, I.G. Rachmat dimension of the text-maker, and the social context dimension Supandi, Umbu Landu Paranggi, and I Gusti Putu Bawa Samar of its society through interaction and communication [12,13]. Copyright © 2018, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 84 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 260 In this discourse, van Dijk uses a model that is called social TABLE I. BEAUTY AND DAMAGE OF BALI POEMS cognition, a term adopted from this psychological approach Anthology of Poetry explaining the structure and process of text formation [14]. Poet Year, Poetry Title Issue Moreover, discourse consists of three dimensions that is text, page Made Desa cognition, and social context. In the texts are studied the 2014; Konflik pembangunan Adyana Ole Palasari, structures and discourses that arise with various other social 29 bendungan representations related to the social mindset, individual and [20] Jembrana Gde Di Kota 2014; Perubahan kota akibat community relationships, and micro and macro social Artawan Singaraja 95-96 tanah sawah terjual structures [15,16]. [21] I G.P.B. William Rueckert wrote an essay in 1978 entitled Samar Bendung 2013; Dampak pembanguna "Literature and Ecology and Experiment in Ecocriticism," Gantang Kota Pala 140 bendungan which introduced the term ecocritical by emphasizing the [22] I G.P.B. Gambaran bukit yang treatise on nature. In the following year, Buell (1995) published 2013; Samar tandus di tengah hingar the book Environmental Imagination, explaining the term Bukit Pecatu 26; Gantang binger bandara Tuban 1976; 3 "ecocriticism" [17] first officially came into our view, followed [23] dan pelabuhan Benoa by Glottfelty and Fromm (1996) in his book The Ecocriticism I G.P.B. 2013; Reader: Landmarks in Literary Ecology. "Ecocriticism offers a Samar Gua Keindahan alam gua di 27; Gantang Bedugul Bedugul broad study approach and is recognized by a number of other 1976; 5 designations, such as, "green cultural studies", "eco-poetics", [23] I G.P.B. and "environmental literary criticism". Since "ecocriticism is 2013; Samar Pagi Buta di Keindahan Kuta di pagi 28; the study of the relationship between literature and the physical Gantang Pantai Kuta hari 1976; 6 environment" [18]. Furthermore, Gerrard [19] states that [23] “ecocriticism entails ‘the study of the relationship of the human I G.P.B. 2013; and the non-human, throughout human cultural history and Samar Tabanan I, 30, 31; Gambaran kota Tabanan entailing critical analysis of the term “human” itself.” Gantang Tabanan II 1976; yang jauh dari kota Ecocritical meanings clearly talk about textual relationships [23] 10,11 Jalanan Denpasar yang Putu Fajar 2012; between humans and non-humans, human and cultural histories Denpasar kehilangan tata ruang Arcana [24] 16 related to the critical analysis of humans and their environment. kota Mertasari Gambaran kerusakan Stiraprana 2012; kota di tengah pantai Duarsa [25] 39 II. RESEARCH METHOD yang indah The data source of this research is poems of Balinese poet Malam di 2012; published between the 1960s –2014. The data was taken from Tan Lioe Ie Pasar 59; Pemandangan pasar [26,27] Kumbasari 2000; Kumbasari di malam hari 19 joint anthologies and personal anthology that has been 85 published in the 5 decades. The data is limited to poems that Selamat Kota yang dirindukan Lilik 2012; Malam Kota antara kemajuan dan have the beauty and nature damage in Bali. Samples of the Mulyadi [28] 66 poems are taken as much as possible in the interest of research Denpasar tradisi and prioritized on poems of poet who are quite prominent and Ketut Nena Sanur 2012; Keindahan Sanur dan [29] 69 ikon pariwisata influential by purposive sampling of the poems that represent Denpasar Kota metropolitan yang the year 1960—2014 by taking 47 poems from 19 poets written Umbu Landu Selatan, dari 2012; meninggalkan Paranggi [30] Sebuah 70 by Balinese and non-Balinese poet. Most of these poems were kesenjangan published before the 2000s. Stages of analysis of this research Lorong Denpasar are first, collecting the same theme poems by using the method Sindhu Putra 2012; Kota yang riuh Kilometer [31] 86 kehilangan jati diri of library research with critical reading techniques and notes. Nol The existing data are classified by theme and then analyzed by Sihir Perubahan kota yang Alit S. Rini 2012; the descriptive method of analysis with interpretative Denpasar macet dan penuh [32] 93 technique.

Load more