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The Role of Bohdan Khmelnytskyi and the Kozaks in the Rusin Struggle for Independence from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: 1648--1649
University of Windsor Scholarship at UWindsor Electronic Theses and Dissertations Theses, Dissertations, and Major Papers 1-1-1967 The role of Bohdan Khmelnytskyi and the Kozaks in the Rusin struggle for independence from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: 1648--1649. Andrew B. Pernal University of Windsor Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd Recommended Citation Pernal, Andrew B., "The role of Bohdan Khmelnytskyi and the Kozaks in the Rusin struggle for independence from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: 1648--1649." (1967). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 6490. https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/6490 This online database contains the full-text of PhD dissertations and Masters’ theses of University of Windsor students from 1954 forward. These documents are made available for personal study and research purposes only, in accordance with the Canadian Copyright Act and the Creative Commons license—CC BY-NC-ND (Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Works). Under this license, works must always be attributed to the copyright holder (original author), cannot be used for any commercial purposes, and may not be altered. Any other use would require the permission of the copyright holder. Students may inquire about withdrawing their dissertation and/or thesis from this database. For additional inquiries, please contact the repository administrator via email ([email protected]) or by telephone at 519-253-3000ext. 3208. THE ROLE OF BOHDAN KHMELNYTSKYI AND OF THE KOZAKS IN THE RUSIN STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE FROM THE POLISH-LI'THUANIAN COMMONWEALTH: 1648-1649 by A ‘n d r e w B. Pernal, B. A. A Thesis Submitted to the Department of History of the University of Windsor in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts Faculty of Graduate Studies 1967 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. -
The Death Penalty in Magdeburgian Cities of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the Late- 16Th and Early-17Th Century 1 Gitana Zujienė
LITHUANIAN historical STUDIES 19 2014 ISSN 1392-2343 PP. 83–110 THE DEATH PENALTY IN MAGDEBURGIAN CITIES OF THE GRAND DUCHY OF LITHUANIA IN THE LATE- 16TH AND Early-17TH CENTury 1 Gitana Zujienė ABSTRACT In the article, based on the acts of Magdeburg Law and the court books of Magdeburgian cities, the issue of the death penalty in Magdeburgian cities of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania is analysed. The most often imposed death penalties are discussed. There is an analysis of which crimes they were given for. Their use is compared with data from Poland and some Magdeburgian cities in Western Europe. Along with baptism, German city, or Magdeburg, Law came to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Lithuania’s capital Vilnius 2 received such a charter first, following the example of Cracow, on 22 March 1387. Soon afterwards, it was given to Brest, 3 Kaunas, 4 and perhaps Trakai. 5 By the middle of the 17th century, several dozen cities in the grand duchy used it. The charter was granted to smaller cities following the example of larger ones. For example, on 26 July 1531, the privilege was given to Voinė on the example of Brest, 6 in 1616 to Joniškis on the example of the Magdeburgian city of Kaunas. 7 1 This article is prepared in fulfilling the Research Council of Lithuania within the framework of the ‘National Lithuanian Studies Development Programme for 2009–2015’ funded project ‘The Death Penalty in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the 14th to the Early-17th Century: Theory and Practice’ (LIT-5–18). -
The Death Penalty in Magdeburgian Cities of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the Late- 16Th and Early-17Th Century 1 Gitana Zujienė
LITHUANIAN historical STUDIES 19 2014 ISSN 1392-2343 PP. 83–110 THE DEATH PENALTY IN MAGDEBURGIAN CITIES OF THE GRAND DUCHY OF LITHUANIA IN THE LATE- 16TH AND Early-17TH CENTury 1 Gitana Zujienė ABSTRACT In the article, based on the acts of Magdeburg Law and the court books of Magdeburgian cities, the issue of the death penalty in Magdeburgian cities of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania is analysed. The most often imposed death penalties are discussed. There is an analysis of which crimes they were given for. Their use is compared with data from Poland and some Magdeburgian cities in Western Europe. Along with baptism, German city, or Magdeburg, Law came to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Lithuania’s capital Vilnius 2 received such a charter first, following the example of Cracow, on 22 March 1387. Soon afterwards, it was given to Brest, 3 Kaunas, 4 and perhaps Trakai. 5 By the middle of the 17th century, several dozen cities in the grand duchy used it. The charter was granted to smaller cities following the example of larger ones. For example, on 26 July 1531, the privilege was given to Voinė on the example of Brest, 6 in 1616 to Joniškis on the example of the Magdeburgian city of Kaunas. 7 1 This article is prepared in fulfilling the Research Council of Lithuania within the framework of the ‘National Lithuanian Studies Development Programme for 2009–2015’ funded project ‘The Death Penalty in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the 14th to the Early-17th Century: Theory and Practice’ (LIT-5–18). -
Sacred Places in Lviv – Their Changing Significance and Functions
PrACE GEOGrAFICznE, zeszyt 137 Instytut Geografii i Gospodarki Przestrzennej UJ Kraków 2014, 91 – 114 doi : 10.4467/20833113PG.14.011.2156 Sacred placeS in lviv – their changing Significance and functionS Małgorzata Flaga Abstract : In the paper, issues of a multitude of functions of sacred places in Lviv are considered. The problem is presented on the example of selected religious sites that were established in distinct periods of the development of the city and refers to different religious denomina- tions. At present, various functions are mixing in the sacred complexes of Lviv. The author tries to formulate some general conclusions concerning their contemporary role and leading types of activity. These findings are based, most of all, on analyses of the facts related to the history of Lviv, circumstances of its foundation, various transformations, and modern func- tions of the selected sites. Keywords : Lviv, Western Ukraine, religious diversity, functions of religious sites introduction Lviv, located in the western part of Ukraine, is a city with an incredibly rich his- tory and tradition. It was founded in an area considered to be a kind of political, ethnic and religious borderland. For centuries the influence of different cultures, ethnic and religious groups met there and the city often witnessed momentous historical events affecting the political situation in this part of Europe. The com- munity of the thriving city was a remarkable mosaic of nationalities and religious denominations from the very beginning. On the one hand, these were representa- tives of the Latin West ( first – Catholics, later on – Protestants ), on the other hand – the Byzantine East. -
Rechtsgeschichte Legal History
Zeitschri des Max-Planck-Instituts für europäische Rechtsgeschichte Rechts R Journal of the Max Planck Institute for European Legal History geschichte g Rechtsgeschichte Legal History www.rg.mpg.de http://www.rg-rechtsgeschichte.de/rg22 Rg 22 2014 79 – 89 Zitiervorschlag: Rechtsgeschichte – Legal History Rg 22 (2014) http://dx.doi.org/10.12946/rg22/079-089 Heiner Lück Aspects of the transfer of the Saxon-Magdeburg Law to Central and Eastern Europe Dieser Beitrag steht unter einer Creative Commons cc-by-nc-nd 3.0 Abstract An important impetus forthedevelopmentand dissemination of the Saxon Mirror, the most famous and influential German law book of Central Ger- many between 1220 and 1235 by one Eike von Repgow, was the municipal law of the town of Magdeburg, the so called Magdeburg Law.Itisone of the most important German town laws of the Middle Ages. In conjunction with the Saxon Mirror with which it was closely interconnected, the Magdeburg Law reached the territories of Silesia, Poland, the lands belonging to the Teutonic Order, the Baltic countries (especially Lithuania), Uk- raine, Bohemia, Moravia, Slovakia and Hungary. The peculiar symbiosis between Saxon Mirror and Magdeburg Law on the way to Eastern Europe has been expressed in the source texts (ius Teutonicum, ius Maideburgense and ius Saxonum in the early originally carried the same content). Ius Maidebur- gense (Magdeburg Law) has reached the foremost position as a broad term, which encompassed the Saxon territorial law as well as the Magdeburg town law, and, quite frequently, also the German Law (ius Teutonicum) in general. Modern scholar- ship recognizes this terminological overlapping and interrelatedness through the notion of Saxon- Magdeburg Law. -
Chernigov and Severian Lands in the Political Thought of the Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth Before the Middle 17Th Сentury
Propaganda in the World and Local Conflicts, 2020, 7(2) Copyright © 2020 by Academic Publishing House Researcher s.r.o. Published in the Slovak Republic Propaganda in the World and Local Conflicts Has been issued since 2014. E-ISSN 2500-3712 2020, 7(2): 14-19 DOI: 10.13187/pwlc.2020.2.14 www.ejournal47.com Seize or Regain: Chernigov and Severian Lands in the Political Thought of the Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth before the Middle 17th сentury Volodymyr Pylypenko а , * а T.H. Shevchenko National University “Chernihiv Colehium”, Ukraine Abstract In 1503, Muscovy acquired the Smolensk and the Chernigov and Severian lands from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (GDL) following the war. The substantial loss became for Vilna one of the factors that induced it to ally with Poland and form a union state – the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Even before the unification took place, there were vigorous debates among diplomats and intellectuals on what grounds their state should require to return the land. It was in this period when Muscovy’s seizure of the territories was conceptualized as a dishonest act in breach of international agreements. As a result, when Warsaw managed to reconquer the Smolensk and Chernigov-Severian lands, it began to define them as “rekuperowane” which meant “regained from the enemy”. The terminology became embedded both in political journalism and official documents of the state. For example, the term “ziemie rekuperowane” was already used in the sejm constitutions (official documents of the Sejm of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth), although the lands were not yet officially integrated. To ensure a more effective incorporation of the new lands, Warsaw granted the Magdeburg rights to many cities in the region, and the document itself also emphasized that these cities and lands were successfully recovered from the hands of the adversary. -
Antisemitism, Secularism, and the Catholic Church in the European Union
ANTISEMITISM, SECULARISM, AND THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN THE EUROPEAN UNION An Undergraduate Research Scholars Thesis by MADISON COWART Submitted to the LAUNCH: Undergraduate Research office at Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of requirements for the designation as an UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH SCHOLAR Approved by Faculty Research Advisor: Dr. Alexander Pacek May 2021 Major: Political Science Copyright © 2021. Madison Cowart. RESEARCH COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATION Research activities involving the use of human subjects, vertebrate animals, and/or biohazards must be reviewed and approved by the appropriate Texas A&M University regulatory research committee (i.e., IRB, IACUC, IBC) before the activity can commence. This requirement applies to activities conducted at Texas A&M and to activities conducted at non-Texas A&M facilities or institutions. In both cases, students are responsible for working with the relevant Texas A&M research compliance program to ensure and document that all Texas A&M compliance obligations are met before the study begins. I, Madison Cowart, certify that all research compliance requirements related to this Undergraduate Research Scholars thesis have been addressed with my Research Faculty Advisor prior to the collection of any data used in this final thesis submission. This project did not require approval from the Texas A&M University Research Compliance & Biosafety office. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................... -
Wielkie Oczy
Wielkie Oczy Every Friday, the shammes of the synagogue announced וויעלקאַטשי .Ukr. ВеликіОчи, Yid a wake-up call at five o’clock, in complete darkness, to wake the Jews up for morning prayer, shouting: “Get up, come and pray to the Creator.” Tzvi Orenstein, To Remember, Not to Forget, Tel Aviv 2005 The settlement of Wielkie Oczy, located of Wielkie Oczy and the first to be near two large ponds from which its known by name. As a young man, he name derives, was founded in the 1520s. distinguished himself by his sharp It soon became the property of Peter mind, piety, and deep love for study- Mohyla, the future Orthodox Metropoli- ing the rabbinic sources. He arrived in tan of Kyiv and the founder of the Kyiv- Wielkie Oczy around 1735, invited by Mohyla Academy, and of his brother the local kahal to take the position of Moses, a candidate for the throne of the town rabbi. Known as a dedicated Moldavia. The next owner of the town, follower of the Judaic legal stringencies, Andrzej Modrzejowski, obtained the he refined many religious regulations Magdeburg rights for Wielkie Oczy in and introduced new ones into everyday 1671, and probably around that time life of the local Jewish community. His then that the Jews started to settle works include Dover shalom (Herald of there. ¶ Jews lived in most of the houses Peace) and commentaries on the Book listed in the 1752 inventory. Prominent of Psalms and the Books of Prophets. among them was Gdal Szymonowicz, These writings have not survived, and who resided in the town hall building Rabbi Mordekhai’s renown rests on his and was the leaseholder of two mills, theological treatise Sha’ar ha-melech a winery, and an inn located in the town (The Royal Gate), a collection of 13 hall. -
Eastern Europe - Historical Glossary
EASTERN EUROPE - HISTORICAL GLOSSARY Large numbers of people now living in western Europe, north and south America, South Africa and Australia are from families that originated in eastern Europe. As immigrants, often during the late 19th century, their origin will have been classified by immigration officials and census takers according to the governing power of the European territory from which they had departed. Thus many were categorised as Russian, Austrian or German who actually came from provinces within those empires which had cultures and long histories as nations in their own right. In the modern world, apart from Poland and Lithuania, most of these have become largely unknown and might include Livonia, Courland, Galicia, Lodomeria, Volhynia, Bukovina, Banat, Transylvania, Walachia, Moldavia and Bessarabia. During the second half of the 20th century, the area known as "Eastern Europe" largely comprised the countries to the immediate west of the Soviet Union (Russia), with communist governments imposed or influenced by Russia, following occupation by the Russian "Red Army" during the process of defeating the previous military occupation of the German army in 1944-45. Many of these countries had experienced a short period of independence (1918-1939) between the two World Wars, but before 1918 most of the territory had been within the three empires of Russia, Austria-Hungary and Ottoman Turkey. The Ottoman empire had expanded from Turkey into Europe during the 14th-15th centuries and retained control over some territories until 1918. The commonwealth of Poland and Lithuania was established in the 16th century and for two centuries ruled over the territories north of Hungary, while the Ottoman empire ruled over those to the south, but between 1721-1795 the Russian empire took control of the Baltic states and eastern Poland and during a similar period Austria-Hungary took control of southern Poland and the northern and western territories of the Ottoman empire. -
The History of the Great Duchy of Lithuania: Belarus' Medieval Origins
Reviews 106 The History of the Great Duchy of Lithuania: Belarus’ Medieval Origins BY RYHOR ASTAPENIA* From the Beginning of Husbandry till the Kingdom of Lithuania and Ruthenia (1248-1341)), Haradzienskaja biblijateka: 64,900 BYR ISBN: 9788378931324. ‘The History of the Great Duchy of Lithuania’ takes Belarusians back to their own medieval origins, providing an additional contribution to the development of Soviet heritage and oppose local historiography, books like ‘The History of the GDL’ nurture in Belarusians feelings of historical dignity, making them feel connected with their ancestors and their achievements. The book argues that the Slavic segment of society dominated in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, although it also shows that the Balts and Slavs coexisted choices and the recipe for success for the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. out in print in the summer of 2013. famous Belarusian historians. He studied at the Belarusian State University and the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, worked at the Academy of Sciences * Ryhor Astapenia is editor-in-chief of Belarusian internet-magazine Idea and a PhD candidate at the University of Warsaw. Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 12:20:27PM via free access 107 The Journal of Belarusian Studies Belsat TV. from its neighbours, and the strengthening of the GDL. The second part is dedicated numerous successes and rare failures. At the end of the book the author enlists sources, gives a rich bibliography, chronology of GDL history and an index. He places the GDL dukes at the centre of his narrative writing mostly about wars and diplomacy, not culture. -
THE GALITZIANER Volume 23, Number 3 September 2016
The Quarterly Research Journal of Gesher Galicia THE GALITZIANER Volume 23, Number 3 September 2016 ANDREW ZALEWSKI 3 From the Editor's Desk TONY KAHANE 4 Research Corner MICHAŁ MAJEWSKI 7 Galitzianers, Litvaks, Polish Jews JAKUB NOWAKOWSKI 10 Galicia Jewish Museum BÖRRIES KUZMANY 13 Brody Always on My Mind ANDREW ZALEWSKI 18 First in Galicia: Jewish Physicians (II) HANNA PALMON 26 Jewish Musicians of Lwów (II) JAY OSBORN 30 Map Corner RACHEL EVNINE 32 Wild Spirit of the Forest ANNE LEADER 36 The Leaders of Krystynopol September 2016 The Galitzianer 1 likely settled there earlier, continuous and reli- Brody Always on able records start only with the year when Brody My Mind received its town charter. The influx of Jewish merchant families began when the Polish nobleman, Stanisław Koniec- by Börries Kuzmany, Ph.D. polski (1594-1646), bought Brody in 1629 and Austrian Academy of Sciences developed the city into an important trade Institute for Modern and junction in the region. Jews were under the direct Contemporary Historical Research protection of the noble city owners and could settle without any restrictions within the town and exercise any profession or commerce. TWO DECADES AFTER the end of the Second By the middle of the 18th century, Brody had World War that had brought Jewish Brody to a developed into the region’s most important hub brutal end, the Israeli scholar and native of for trans-European trade. The statistics of the Brody, Dov Sadan, stated, “It would be difficult Leipzig fair, arguably the largest in the German to find a Jew—not only from that region but also lands, list the first merchants from Brody in 1728, from Ukraine, Lithuania, Poland and a good part and all of them Jews. -
Historical and Legal Features of Implementation and Functioning of Magdeburg Law in Lutsk
Історико-правовий часопис. – 2020. – № 1 (15) УДК 94(477.82-25)"14":[340.15:352.07] DOI https://doi.org/10.32782/2409-4544/2020-1/4 5P. Glamazda Historical and Legal Features of Implementation and Functioning of Magdeburg Law in Lutsk The study of historical and legal features of implementation and functioning of Magdeburg law in Lutsk is relevant because it allows to study the processes of formation and development of the right to self- government in Volyn’ main center in certain chronological and territorial frameworks. Based on the historical and legal analysis of the monuments of law, monographs and scientific works, the article describes the general characterization of the process of implementation and social nature of the Magdeburg law in the city of Lutsk, which was a part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. It is justified that the Magdeburg law of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania differed from similar (city) law in the German and Polish cities. It has been determined that Lutsk, as the center of a specific land, was granted a Magdeburg law charter in 1432 by the Polish King Wladyslaw (Jagiello), each subsequent charter was only detailing the legal norms established by the previous one. It has been established that the rules of the Magdeburg law regulated the socio-economic and social-legal relations, the court and the judiciary procedures, determined the measures of criminal punishment, regulated the internal statutory activities of merchant corporations, craft shops and trade. Thus, it can be argued that the Magdeburg law facilitated the formation of civil society in Lutsk, democracy and regulated social life on the basis of legal norms, and created the legal basis for the proper functioning of the city.