City of Oakland Design Guidelines for Bicycle Wayfinding Signage 7’ Minimum 10’ Typical

City of Oakland Design Guidelines for Bicycle Wayfinding Signage 10’ typical 7’ minimum Confirmation Sign Turn Sign Decision Sign City of Oakland, Community & Economic Development Agency Transportation Services Division, Bicycle & Pedestrian Facilities Program 250 Frank Ogawa Plaza, Suite 4344, Oakland, CA 94612 (510) 238-3983 | [email protected] | www.oaklandbikes.info July 2009 Design Guidelines for Bicycle Wayfinding Signage Background Action 1A.4 of the City of Oakland’s Bicycle Master Plan (2007) states, “Route Signage: Develop an informative and visible signage system for the bikeway network, building on existing bikeway signage, that includes directional and distance information to major destinations.” In Section 3.3, the Plan provides a discussion of the bicycle wayfinding signs that Oakland has used in the past. The following approach applies to all new bicycle wayfinding signage in the City of Oakland. Overall Approach Destination, direction, and distance information will be included on designated bikeways. Figure 1 provides a full list of supported destinations with guidance on how distances are measured. Figure 2 is a map of these destinations showing their distribution throughout the city. The destinations are organized into a hierarchy of three categories. Primary destinations are downtown and adjoining jurisdictions and are signed at distances of up to five miles. Secondary destinations are transit stations and districts and are signed at distances of up to two miles. Tertiary destinations include parks, landmarks, colleges, hospitals, and high schools. They are generally signed at distances up to one mile. Overall, the system supports approximately 100 destinations. Standard Signs for Bicycle Wayfinding The overall approach follows the look and feel of standard highway guide signs while the detailed design is tailored for bicyclists. The proposed guidelines use the following standard signs included in the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) and the California MUTCD: • D11-1: Bicycle Route Guide Sign • D1-1b: Destination Supplemental Sign • M7-1 to M7-7: Direction Arrow Supplemental Sign By using standard signage, the City of Oakland builds upon readily recognizable imagery and encourages consistency with other agencies. However, the proposed guidelines include specific modifications and additions to the standards to provide a wayfinding system that is more robust than the direction currently provided by state and national standards. Sign Types The system is composed of three sign types (Figure 3): Confirmation signs confirm that a cyclist is on a designated bikeway. Each confirmation sign includes a Bicycle Route Guide Sign (D11-1) and a Destination Supplemental Sign (D1-1b). Confirmation signs are located mid-block or on the far-side of intersections. Confirmation signs include destinations and their associated distances, but not directional arrows. Turn signs indicate where a bikeway turns from one street onto another street. (They are not used at the junction of intersecting bikeways.) Turn signs are located on the near-side of intersections. Each turn sign includes a Bicycle Route Guide Sign (D11-1) and the appropriate Direction Arrow Supplemental Sign (M7-1 to M7-7). Decision signs mark the junction of two or more bikeways. Decision signs are comprised of a Bicycle Route Guide Sign (D11-1) and a Destination Supplemental Sign (D1-1b). Decision signs are located on the near-side of intersections. They include destinations and their associated directional arrows, but not distances. Sign Placement Principles The following principles inform the placement of individual signs: 1. A confirmation sign will be located at the beginning of each bikeway. 2. When a bikeway turns, a turn sign will be located in advance of the turn (e.g., near-side of the intersection). 3. When bikeways intersect, a decision sign will be located on the near-side of each intersection approach. 4. To allow adequate notification of left turns, the decision or turn sign should be placed a distance before the intersection based on the number of lanes the bicyclist must merge across in order to make a legal left turn: a. Zero lane merge: 25’ b. One lane merge: 100’ c. Two lane merge: 200’ The decision or turn sign should always be located in the block immediately preceding the junction or turn. 4. Confirmation signs will be located at intervals of one-half mile to one mile, based on the density of streets and intersecting bikeways (e.g., downtown versus the Oakland Hills). It is desirable for confirmation signs to be located following decision signs on the far-side of intersections at the first convenient installation location. 4 Guidelines for Bicycle Wayfinding Signage, July 2009 5. Confirmation signs should be located immediately following bikeway junctions on streets that do not have bicycle lanes or sharrows (e.g., in the Oakland Hills). Sign Frequency In general, there will be four to five bikeway guide signs for each directional mile of bikeway. In other words, one mile of bikeway will include four to five bikeway guide signs in each direction. The proposed bikeway network includes bikeways spaced at intervals of one-half mile. On average, each directional mile of bikeway will include two decision signs. Confirmation signs at one-half mile to one mile intervals add an additional one to two signs per directional mile of bikeway. A typical bikeway will thus include three to four guide signs per directional mile, plus any turn signs that are needed based on the particular route. Assuming an average of four to five bikeway guide signs per directional mile, build-out of the proposed bikeway network will include approximately 2,000 bikeway guide signs. Sign Layout Principles The following principles determine the layout of individual signs. See Figures 4, 5, and 6 for sign layout details. Turn signs follow the details and dimensions specified in the MUTCD. Figure 7 shows the layout for all supported destination names. 1. The Bicycle Route Guide Sign (D11-1) is 24” wide and 18” tall. 2. The Destination Supplemental Signs (D1-1b) are 24” wide with the height determined by the number of destinations. 3. No more than three destinations are included on any single sign pole. 4. Destinations shall use mixed case letters (e.g. upper case and lower case). 5. The Destination Supplemental Signs (D1-1b) shall use the FHWA 2000 C series font with 2” cap height. 6. For long destination names that do not fit on one line, these approaches are used in the following order of preference: a. For destination names slightly longer than one line, compress the font horizontally to no less than 90% of its standard size. b. Use intuitive abbreviations in the destination name. c. Use a two-line entry for the destination name. 7. On decision signs, the straight destination shall be listed on top, the left destination in the middle, and the right destination on the bottom. 8. On decision signs, the straight arrow shall be placed to the left of a destination, the left arrow to the left of a destination, and the right arrow to the right of a destination. City of Oakland, California 5 9. On decision signs, straight destinations shall be left-justified, left destinations shall be left-justified, and right destinations shall be right-justified. The straight arrow shall be centered over the left arrow. 10. On confirmation signs, the closest destination shall be listed on top and the furthest destination shall be listed on the bottom. 11. If a bikeway ends in a location where there is no obvious destination, use the closest major destination on an intersecting bikeway. If there is no intuitive destination, the name of the intersecting street where the bikeway ends may be used as the destination. 12. The bikeway’s endpoint should be included on confirmation signs along the length of the route, irrespective of the distance associated with its designation as a primary, secondary, or tertiary destination. 13. Avoid the use of diagonal arrows on turn signs and decision signs wherever possible. 14. Do not use periods in the abbreviation of destination names (e.g. “Piedmont Ave” and “Jack London Sq”). 15. Common symbols are used to convey destination information in a space-efficient manner. The symbols shown below are used for “BART”, “hospital”, “East Bay Regional Park”, and “Amtrak”. The symbol shall precede the destination name (e.g. “ MacArthur” and “ Kaiser”). Logos/symbols used on decision/confirmation signs 6 Guidelines for Bicycle Wayfinding Signage, July 2009 Differences from the MUTCD Sign Layout Specifications These guidelines deviate from the MUTCD in the following ways: Difference Rationale Reduces horizontal buffer between edge Greater ability to accommodate longer of green and sign content from 1.5” to destination names 0.75” Incorporates symbols with destination Above plus improved communication names Aesthetic and consistent width allows for Maintains 24” wide supplemental sign the easy addition of destinations as the (D1-1b) bikeway network is built out Includes horizontal rules to separate Aesthetic and space-efficient multiple destinations Greater ability to accommodate longer Uses FHWA 2000 (Highway Gothic) C destination names; maintains 2” cap series font series (rather than D series) height; consistent with the cities of Chicago and Seattle Inclusion of City tree logo on D11-1 sign, by reducing cap height of “BIKE Provides local flavor and sense of place ROUTE” to 2.75” (from 3”) Replacement of “BIKE ROUTE” with Indicates to bicyclist that they are on the “Bay Trail” for use on Bay Trail segments Bay Trail Installation Specifications The standard pole for bikeway guide signs is a 2” square perforated unistrut pole. The pole should be placed 18” to 24” in the ground, depending upon the overall weight of the signs and the soil/pavement conditions. Heavy sign installations may require poles up to 36” into the ground.

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