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Authentification De L'origine Variétale Des Olives De Confiserie Par

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Authentification De L'origine Variétale Des Olives De Confiserie Par Authentification de l’origine variétale des olives de confiserie par imagerie visible des noyaux et traitement chimiométrique P. Vanloot, D. Bertrand, C. Pinatel, N. Dupuy, J. Artaud Caractérisation des olives fraiches françaises par spectroscopie proche et moyen IR et traitement chimiométrique (1). Olives de confiserie : Il n’existe pas de méthodes indépendante de l’observateur. - Identification des olives à partir des noyaux : caractères morphologiques = empreintes - Automatiser la reconnaissance par imagerie visible et traitement chimiométrique 1- Nathalie Dupuy, Oswin Galtier, Yveline Le Dréau, Christian Pinatel, Jacky Kister and Jacques Artaud. Chemometrics analysis of combined NIR and MIR spectra characterize French olives. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 2010,112,463-475. Méthode actuelle : Etude visuelle des noyaux - Forme - Symétrie (face et profil) - Observateur entraîné - Base (forme) - Méthode dépendante de - Mucron l’observateur - Sillons fibrovasculaires Coquillos Méthodes développées : Imagerie visible + chimiométrie Imagerie = photos des noyaux Variables (couleurs, formes, textures) Réalisation d’un modèle de prédiction chimiométrique Pré étude réalisée sur 12 Espèces Abréviation Nombre de noyaux origines variétales, 1177 Aglandau AG 242 noyaux Bouteillan BO 96 Brun BR 104 → AFIDOL Cailletier CI 135 → M. Artaud Cayanne CA 33 Etude chimiométrique Coquillos CO 30 réalisée sur 4 origines Grossane GR 29 variétales, 605 noyaux Lucques LU 60 Etudes chimiométrique Olivière OL 85 réalisée sur les espèces : Picholine PI 152 Tanche vs Bouteillan Cailletier vs Coquillos Salonenque SA 92 Tanche TA 119 Protocole utilisé pour traiter les noyaux avant photographie •Traiter les olives dans l’eau bouillante • Dépulper les noyaux • Brosser les noyaux • Traiter les noyaux par 45 ml d’eau oxygénée • Laver les noyaux à l’eau • Sécher les noyaux • Photographier les noyaux Prise de photo Projecteurs Lumière indirecte → ombres Camera couleur Positionnement noyaux, fond noir Photos des noyaux Variables Traitement chimiométrique Prise de photo • Profil : asymétrie maximale dans le sens de la longueur du noyau • Face : déduite du profil par une rotation de 90° suivant l’axe longitudinal du noyau Photos des noyaux Variables Traitement chimiométrique Variables caractérisant la ... Étiquetage Découpage Forme Couleur Texture noyau 1 Extraction des données noyau 2 des images ... Photos des noyaux Variables Traitement chimiométrique Exploitation chimiométrique des données Science qui vise à extraire des informations pertinentes présentes dans des masses de données 1- Analyse chimiométrique descriptive : l’Analyse en composante principale (ACP) • Permet d’observer les données pour apprécier leur structure et détecter la présence de données aberrantes • Méthode exploratoire, non supervisée Photos des noyaux Variables Traitement chimiométrique 2- Analyse chimiométrique prédictive : la régression des moindres carrés partiels (PLS) • La construction d’un modèle de prédiction se divise en trois étapes : - l’étalonnage (ou calibration) - la validation - la prédiction • PLS-DA (analyse discriminante): 1 modèle par origine variétale - les échantillons appartenant à l’origine = 1 - les échantillons n’appartenant pas à l’origine = 0 Cet échantillon appartient-il à cette origine variétale? Cet échantillon est-il du Cailletier ou Coquillos (Tanche ou BO)? Photos des noyaux Variables Traitement chimiométrique Résultats : ACP / photos de face Résultats : ACP / photos de profil Résultats : ACP / photos de face + profil Résultats : PLS-DA / photos de face / Aglandau 100 % Résultats : PLS-DA / photos de face / Picholine 100 % Résultats : PLS-DA / photos de face / Salonenque 100 % Résultats : PLS-DA / photos de face / Tanche 100 % Résultats : ACP / photos de face + profil Résultats : PLS-DA / photos de face / Aglandau 100 % Résultats : PLS-DA / photos face + profil / Tanche vs Bouteillan Predicted Y 1.5 PBO001261 PBO002051PBO002141 FBO002231 PBO002021FBO002291 PTA003271 PBO003151PBO002081 PBO003031FBO002081 1.0 PBO001141PBO003271FBO002201 PBO003181FBO001191 FBO001311FBO002171 PBO002321FBO003031 FTA003271 PBO001051FBO002051FBO003151FBO003271 PBO001321PBO002291FBO003241FBO002261 PBO001021PBO002111PBO003091FBO001061FBO002141FBO002021 FTA002341 PBO003121PBO001231FBO001161 PBO003301PBO002261FBO003181 PBO002201FBO002111 PBO001111PBO002171FBO003091 PBO003241PBO002231PBO003211FBO003211FBO001031FBO001221 PBO003061FBO002321FBO003061 PBO001291FBO003301 PBO001171PBO001081FBO001281FBO001131 FBO003121 0.5 FTA004171PTA002161 PBO001201FBO001251 PTA002341 FBO001101 FTA003151 PTA001041PTA003241 PTA004141FTA001221 PTA001281PTA004171FTA003211PTA001251FTA001131 FTA003181PTA003181 FTA003061 FTA004021 FTA001041 PTA004021PTA001221FTA004081PTA003061 PTA001071FTA001161 FTA003241PTA004081 FTA002161PTA002281PTA001101 PTA002131PTA002251 FTA002101FTA004141PTA001191 FTA002221FTA002311PTA001161FTA002281FTA001071FTA002011 0 FTA002251PTA003211FTA001281PTA003091FTA001191 FTA001251PTA004051FTA002131 FTA004231FTA002071FTA001101FTA001011PTA002311 PTA001131PTA002011PTA003151FTA004201 FTA003091FTA002191PTA004261PTA004201 FTA003031 PTA002101PTA004111PTA002041PTA003121 PTA002221PTA002191FTA003121PTA004231FTA004111FTA004261 PTA003031 99 % FTA002041 PTA002071FTA004051 PTA001011 -0.5 Y Reference 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 PRED BO TA 1, (Y-var, PC): (BO,4) Résultats : PLS-DA / photos face + profil / Cailletier vs Coquillos Predicted Y 1.2 PCI005141 FCI005081 PCA002061PCI004031FCI004221 PCA002091PCI004311PCI003311FCI005351FCI004311FCI003281 PCA002121PCI005021PCI003041PCI005291FCI005141 PCI004061PCI003101PCI005261FCI004191FCI005261FCI004031 PCA002031PCA002331FCA002121FCA002061PCI005081PCI003221PCI003131PCI005231PCI005351 PCA002271PCI005111PCI004191 PCA002241PCI003071PCI004091PCI003281PCI004221FCI004091FCI005231FCI005021FCI004061 1.0 PCA002151FCA002331PCI004121FCI003191FCI003131FCI005111FCI005201FCI005291 FCA002241FCI003011FCI004161FCI004121 FCA002091FCA002151FCA002271FCA002211FCA002181FCA002031FCA002301PCI004161PCI003161PCI003251FCI003071FCI004281FCI004341 PCA002181PCA002301PCI004281PCI003191PCI004341FCI003041FCI003221FCI003101 PCA002211PCI005201PCI003011FCI003251 PCI004251FCI005051 FCI003311 FCI003161 PCI005171 0.8 PCI005051PCI005321 FCI005321FCI005171 FCI004251 0.6 0.4 PCQ001151FCQ001181 PCQ001031 FCQ001031 0.2 PCQ001061PCQ001241 PCQ001271FCQ001241 PCQ001181 FCQ001061FCQ001271PCQ001301 100 % FCQ001151 PCQ001121FCQ001301FCQ001091PCQ001091 0 FCQ001211PCQ001211 FCQ001121 -0.2 Y Reference 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 PRED CI NI 1, (Y-var, PC): (CI,3) Conclusion • L’étude montre le potentiel de la méthode développée pour la prédiction de l’origine variétale des olives de confiserie • Etude en cours : - étoffer la banque de données avec d’avantage d’olives françaises actuellement environ 2000 noyaux - optimiser les paramètres d’extraction des variables - étendre l’étude aux productions étrangères, notamment Espagne, Maroc, Tunisie, Algérie… .
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