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Ohio Attorney General Can Appeal the Decision to the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit on Behalf of the Warden

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Ohio Attorney General Can Appeal the Decision to the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit on Behalf of the Warden Report to the Governor, Supreme Court, and General Assembly of Ohio 2007 Annual Report on Capital Punishment in Ohio April 1, 2008 The Honorable Ted Strickland Governor The Honorable Thomas J. Moyer Chief Justice of the Ohio Supreme Court The Honorable John Husted Speaker of the Ohio House of Representatives The Honorable Bill Harris President of the Ohio Senate Gentlemen: In recognition of the gravity associated with the imposition of the death penalty and the need to establish a central repository of information about capital cases, the Ohio General Assembly enacted House Bill 18 in 1998 requiring the Attorney General to compile and publish a yearly review of all capital punishment cases currently in the post-trial phase. In accordance with that statute, I am transmitting to you the 2007 edition of the Capital Crimes Annual Report. The Report contains an overview of the 183 pending capital cases, as well as a discussion of a number of other cases involving inmates who have been executed, died of natural causes or removed from death row. Each overview contains the following: ■ A summary of the facts relevant to each inmate’s conviction ■ A history of all state and federal appellate actions ■ The current status of the case ■ The date of execution if applicable In addition to providing basic facts about capital cases, this publication is also an important resource for those who wish to learn more about the complex legal issues and processes associated with capital cases and the imposition of the death penalty in Ohio. Along with a concise explanation of the various types of post-conviction relief available to inmates and a glossary of terms commonly used in death penalty litiga- tion, this edition contains a discussion of the ongoing federal and state court challenges to the method used to carry out lethal injection as well as information about the DNA testing that has been made avail- able to death row inmates. The Report also includes, for the first time, tables and graphs that chart the frequency with which the death penalty has been imposed since 1983. The 2007 Capital Crimes Annual Report was compiled by the Capital Crimes Unit of my office using data gathered from the Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Corrections, pertinent court records, county prosecutors, and victim witness advocates. We have taken all possible steps to ensure the accuracy of the report and are not liable for errors or omissions resulting from inaccurate or incomplete information transmitted to us by third parties. The information in theReport is current through December 31, 2007 and, where appropriate, has been updated through the publication date of this edition. The Report may also be viewed online at www.ag.state.oh.us. Sincerely, Marc Dann Attorney General Contents History of Ohio’s Death Penalty ........................................................................................................ 1 Historical Background .......................................................................................................... 1 Procedural Changes to Death Penalty Appeals ................................................................ 1 Legislation Eliminates Electrocution .................................................................................. 1 National Ban on Execution of Mentally Retarded Individuals .......................................2 DNA Testing Offered to Death Sentenced Inmates ..........................................................2 Ohio’s Death Penalty Statute..............................................................................................................3 The Capital Indictment — R.C. §§ 2903.01 and 2929.04 ..................................................3 Aggravated Murder — Defined by R.C. § 2903.01 .....................................3 Aggravating Circumstances — Specified in R.C. § 2929.04(A)(1) – (A)(10) ................................................3 Notification of Capital Indictment to Ohio Supreme Court — R. C. § 2929.021 ..............................................4 The Capital Trial — R.C. § 2929.03 .....................................................................................4 Guilt/Culpability Phase .................................................................................4 Sentencing/Mitigation Phase — R.C. §§ 2929.04 and 2929.03 ................5 Death Penalty Appellate Process .......................................................................................................7 State Review ..........................................................................................................................7 Direct Appeal ..................................................................................................7 Post-Conviction Appeal ................................................................................7 Murnahan Appeal .......................................................................................8 Federal Review .......................................................................................................................8 Federal District Court ...................................................................................8 Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals .....................................................................8 United States Supreme Court .......................................................................9 Second Round of Federal Review ................................................................9 Executive Clemency Review ................................................................................................9 Chart: The Death Penalty Appellate Process .........................................................................10 Mental Retardation Claims ...............................................................................................................11 National Ban on Execution of Mentally Retarded Individuals ......................................11 Ohio’s Procedures for Assessing Mental Retardation Claims .........................................11 Pending Mental Retardation Claims ................................................................................. 12 Lethal Injection Constitutionality Litigation: Federal and State ............................................. 15 Baze v. Rees, before the Supreme Court of the United States ...................................... 15 Cooey Litigation, before the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals for the United States ..16 State v. Rivera, before the Lorain County Court of Common Pleas ........................16 dna Testing for Death-Sentenced Inmates ...................................................................................19 dna Overview ......................................................................................................................19 Legislative Overview ...........................................................................................................19 Capital Justice Initiative ......................................................................................................19 Senate Bill 11 ..................................................................................................19 Senate Bill 262 .............................................................................................. 20 Requests for DNA Testing Made to State Courts ........................................................... 20 Federal Court Ordered DNA Testing ............................................................................... 21 State Conducted DNA Testing ...........................................................................................22 Statistics: Year-End 2007 .................................................................................................................25 Demographics ......................................................................................................................27 Inmate Demographics .................................................................................27 Victim Demographics .................................................................................27 Capital Sentences Imposed in the State of Ohio Since 1983 ...........................................29 Chart: Death Sentences by Year ................................................................................29 Executions Since 1981 ..........................................................................................................33 Execution Demographics ...................................................................................................33 Removal from Death Row ................................................................................................................ 35 2007 Overview ..................................................................................................................... 35 Historical Overview: Ohio Inmates Removed From Death Row Since 1981 .............. 35 Case History Sheets ...................................................................................................... Appendix A Glossary ..............................................................................................................................Appendix B History of Ohio’s Death Penalty HISTORICAL BACKGROUND Capital punishment has been a part of Ohio’s criminal justice system since the early 1800s. In 1972, the United States Supreme Court held that all existing state capital punishment laws were un- constitutional. As a result,
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