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Law of Mongolia on Education

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Law of Mongolia on Education Law of Mongolia on Education CHAPTER ONE GENERAL PROVISIONS Article 1. Purpose of the Code 1.1 The purpose of the law is to determine the right and duty of the parties to education relations, basic principles of education, system, content, leadership and organizational relationships, and to regulate the general affairs related to ensuring the right of study of an individual. Article 2. Education legislation 2.1 The education legislation shall consist of the Constitution of Mongolia, current law, Preschool Education, Elementary and Secondary Education, Higher Education, Vocational Education, training laws and other acts of legislation enacted in conformity thereof. (amended on May 23, 2008) 2.2 If an international treaty of which Mongolia takes part prescribes rules other than those established by this law, the provisions of the international treaty shall be applicable. Article 3. Definitions 3.1 For the purposes of this Code: 3.1.1 "compulsory education" means the 12-year schooling level (amended on December 8, 2006) 3.1.2 "basic education" means the 9-year schooling level 3.1.3 "content of the education" means the complexity of the required knowledge, ability and practice 3.1.4 "education level" means the amount of knowledge that should be possessed according to preschool, elementary, secondary and higher education standards 3.1.5 "education organization" means the legal entity implementing more than single level educational content 3.1.6 "formal education" means organized activity enhancing a certain level of need for possessing education through the official organizations 3.1.7 "informal education" means the organized activity of offering an education service to people besides the official education system 3.1.8 "package hour" means the unit of measuring the capacity of the education content 3.1.9 "disabled student" means a student who is mentally incapable or suffering from inborn or hereditary disadvantage 3.1.10. "environment of study" means the materialistic condition for implementation of education standards, and interdependence of learning and teaching characteristics 3.1.11. "formation" means the complexity of the students upbringing and belief 3.1.12. "social worker" means the specialist who prevents children from adverse social impacts through professional advise directed towards group or individual, assessment of socials issues of students, parents and teachers, while supporting their formation and cooperation (amendments were made in the clause 3.1.9, 3.1.10, 3.1.11, 3.1.12 on December 8, 2006) Article 4. Goals of the education 4.1 The goals of the education of Mongolia are to develop mental, moral and physical abilities, and to instill a sense of humanity and independency in learning, working and sustaining life. Article 5. Basic principles of education 5.1 The basic principles of education shall be as follows: 5.1.1 To develop education as a leading sector of Mongolia and monitor under state regulation and public acceptance 5.1.2. The education of Mongolia, humane, democratic, continuous and sufficient in nature, shall be based on cultural heritage, advanced tradition and science 5.1.3 Education shall be free, accessible and variable adjusted to individual and development specialties, type of education and needs of the learner (amended on December 8, 2006) 5.1.4 Mongolian citizens shall all be given equal opportunities of receiving education in their mother tongue, and they shall not be subject to educational discrimination on account of race, creed, age, sex, social status, economic position, employment status, religion or opinion. (amended on December 8, 2006) 5.1.5 It is prohibited to organize and conduct training adverse to the interest of society and citizens, health and security 5.1.6. Equal opportunity shall be provided for all educational organizations regardless of their type Article 6. Basic rights and duties of citizens 6.1. A citizen of Mongolia has a right to obtain education at all levels with or without tuition fees and work in parallel with study 6.2 According to the Constitution of Mongolia, no tuition fee shall be charged for general education 6.3 A citizen of Mongolia is obliged to receive general education 6.4 A citizen is obliged to be involved in professional training or self study, thus empowering himself/herself continuously (amended on December 8, 2006) Article 7. Education system 7.1 The education system of Mongolia shall comprise informal and formal education, including preschool, elementary, secondary and higher education 7.2 The standards and content of the formal education shall be in accordance with the law. The content of the education shall be free Article 8. Type and methods of possessing education 8.1 A citizen shall possess education through formal and informal types of education. The formal education could include day and evening courses, extramural and external trainings. 8.2 Education in a certain period could be obtained through informal education curriculum equal to elementary and secondary education. A member of government shall approve the curriculum and procedure. (amended on December 8, 2006) Article 9. Education documents 9.1 The education documents shall officially grant the attributed content, level and profession 9.2 The central administration organization in charge of education matters shall supervise the registration and allocation procedures of the education documents (certificate, ID, diploma) CHAPTER TWO EDUCATION CONTENT AND STANDARD Article 10. Education content 10.1 The content of an education shall be directed towards achieving education goals, set up on student's age, physical and mental specialties, talents, interest, private and social needs, national heritage, science and technological development. Article 11. Education content level and standard 11.1 The content of the education shall comprise preschool, elementary, secondary and higher education system. The education content shall be formed upon the Laws on Preschool Education, Elementary and Secondary Education, Higher Education, Vocational Education and Training and defined by state standard in details. (amended on May 23, 2008) 11.2 The education standards shall set basic requirements for the learning environment, the level of education content suitable for students, their assessment and the level of teachers' professionalism. 11.3. The standard of the education shall be processed by the central administrative organization in charge of education matters and shall be approved in accordance with article 6.5 of the Standardization and Assessment Law, and receive state registration. (amended on December 8, 2006) 11.4. Preschool education, as well as elementary and secondary education standards shall be followed by all types of kindergarten and schools. (amended on December 8, 2006) CHAPTER THREE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS Article 12. Educational institutions 12.1 Educational institutions means legal entities conducting activities for the purpose of education goals. 12.2. The types of the educational institutions shall be as follows: 12.2.1. non-profit 12.2.2. profit organization (amended on December 8, 2006) Article 13. Organizational structure of the educational institutions 13.1.The educational institutions shall comprise training, research, methodological and other types of institutions. 13.2. The educational institutions could be diverse in type, depending on conditions of conducting research, experiments, vocational training and manufacturing activities complying with the main objectives. (amended on December 8, 2006) Article 14. Preschool, elementary and secondary education institutions 14.1. The preschool, elementary and secondary education institutions shall consist of kindergarten, secondary education school and vocational training centers. Article 15. Higher education institutions 15.1. The higher education institutions shall consisted of university and colleges. Universities shall be of research-training type and colleges shall be of vocational type. Article 16. Research and methodological institutions 16.1. The research and methodological institutions shall conduct basic and complementary studies on education development matters, provide research level information, and provide training-methodological assistance to all levels of school, kindergarten and individuals. 16.2 Educational departments of the aimag and city, and education bureaus of districts shall provide professional and managerial assistance to kindergartens and schools located in the target territory. In addition, these institutions shall assist senior staff of the educational institutions, teachers and citizens in occupation with conducting research for mid-career education. (amended on January 3, 2003 and December 8, 2006) 16.3. The research and methodological institutions as well as aimag and city education departments could have target kindergarten and schools. (amended on January 3, 2003) Article 17. Informal education institutions 17.1. The informal education research and methodological institutions shall be supervised by the central administrative organization in charge of education matters. 17.2. The informal education centers shall be operated independently or under the supervision of education institutions in organizing informal education training in aimag, city, som and districts and in assisting attendants. 17.3. The rules and organizational charts of the informal education research and methodological institutions shall be approved by the central administrative organization in charge of education matters. Article
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