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National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) and Consists of Four (4) Chapters

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i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report consists of two main components, the first of which provides background information to the development of the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) and consists of four (4) chapters. Chapter 1 presents an overview of the country while Chapter 2 expands on the status of the country with regard to overall biodiversity and looks at the biodiversity status, trends and threats. Chapter 3 provides an analysis of the implementation of the existing NBSAP (2002) and specifically identifies implementation gaps which have been used in developing the new NBSAP. Chapter 4 examines the progress made in implementing the 2020 Aichi Biodiversity Targets and identifies thirteen (13) priority targets for the country. These targets were identified through a stakeholder consultation process of workshops and focus group meetings. The second component of the report articulates the new revised NBSAP. The priority strategies for biodiversity conservation in Barbados to 2035 are aimed at improving the wellbeing of all Barbadians. These priority targets are as follows: TARGET 1: By 2030, at the latest, Barbadians are aware of the values of biodiversity and the steps they can take to conserve and use it sustainably. TARGET 2: By 2030, at the latest, the Barbados Government, businesses and stakeholders at all levels will have taken steps to achieve, or have implemented plans for sustainable production and consumption and have kept the impacts of use of natural resources well within safe ecological limits. TARGET 3: By 2035, the rate of loss of all of Barbados’ natural habitats, including forests, will be decreased. TARGET 4: By 2030, areas under agriculture, aquaculture and forestry are managed sustainably, ensuring conservation of biodiversity. TARGET 5: By 2030, pollution, including from excess nutrients, has been brought to levels that are not detrimental to ecosystem function and biodiversity. TARGET 6: By 2030, invasive alien species and pathways are identified and prioritised, priority established species are managed and measures are in place to prevent the introduction and establishment of new invasive alien species. TARGET 7: By 2030, sources of endogenous anthropogenic pressures on coral reefs (e.g. excess nutrients, anchor damage, overfishing inter alia) are identified and effects minimised to maintain the integrity and functioning of coral reefs. TARGET 8: By 2030, at least 17% of terrestrial and inland water, and 10% of coastal and marine areas, especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services, are designated within connected systems of protected areas, and plans for effective area-based conservation measures are being developed. TARGET 9: By 2030, pressures on known threatened species have been identified and mitigated, and conservation status has been improved. TARGET 10: By 2030, the genetic diversity of cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated animals and of wild relatives, including other socio-economically as well as culturally valuable species, is maintained, and strategies have been developed and implemented for minimizing genetic erosion and safeguarding their genetic diversity. TARGET 11: By 2030, document all traditional and scientific knowledge and technology relating to biodiversity so that it is improved, widely and equitably shared, transferred and applied. i TARGET 12: By 2025, at the latest, financial resources to conduct projects and research in the area of biodiversity should increase substantially. Successful implementation of the NBSAP will rely on an appropriate framework being established to competently and effectively undertake the activities under the NBSAP. A recommendation is made for the Government of Barbados to establish a National Biodiversity Unit to deal with the implementation of the NBSAP and other matters related to biodiversity conservation, sustainable use and overall management. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................ i Table of Contents ......................................................................................................................................... iii List of Figures ................................................................................................................................................ v List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................. v List of Acronyms ........................................................................................................................................... vi 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 2. Overview of Biodiversity Status, Trends and Threats ...................................................................... 3 2.1 Terrestrial Biodiversity ...................................................................................................................... 3 Flora ...................................................................................................................................... 3 Fauna ..................................................................................................................................... 4 2.1.2.1 Birds .................................................................................................................................. 4 2.1.2.2 Mammals .......................................................................................................................... 5 2.1.2.3 Reptiles .............................................................................................................................. 5 2.1.2.4 Amphibians ....................................................................................................................... 6 2.1.2.5 Insects and Allied Arthropods ........................................................................................... 6 2.2 Aquatic Biodiversity ........................................................................................................................... 6 Freshwater Biodiversity ........................................................................................................ 6 Marine Biodiversity ............................................................................................................... 6 2.3 Drivers of Biodiversity Loss ................................................................................................................ 6 Habitat Loss and Fragmentation ........................................................................................... 7 Invasive Alien Species ........................................................................................................... 7 Shooting of Birds ................................................................................................................... 7 2.4 The Value of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services and Their Contribution to Human Wellbeing .... 8 The Value of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services to Barbados ........................................... 9 2.4.1.1 Provisioning Services ......................................................................................................... 9 2.4.1.2 Ornamental Services ....................................................................................................... 13 2.4.1.3 Regulating Services ......................................................................................................... 13 2.4.1.4 Cultural Services .............................................................................................................. 13 2.4.1.5 Supporting Services ......................................................................................................... 15 2.5 Framework for Biodiversity Management and Integration (Mainstreaming)................................. 15 Status of Biodiversity Mainstreaming ................................................................................. 15 2.6 New and Emerging Issues ................................................................................................................ 17 iii Climate Variability and Climate Change .............................................................................. 17 The United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development ....................................... 19 3. Overview of the Status of Implementation of the NBSAP (2002) ................................................. 21 3.1 Overview of the NBSAP (2002) ........................................................................................................ 21 3.2 Status of Implementation of the NBSAP ......................................................................................... 22 3.3 Implementation Gaps ...................................................................................................................... 31 4. The Aichi Biodiversity Targets 2020 ............................................................................................... 37 4.1 Progress towards Implementing the Aichi Biodiversity Targets ..................................................... 37 4.2 Nationally- Prioritised Aichi Biodiversity Targets ............................................................................ 37 5. The
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