DOCSLIB.ORG

Hasil Survey Korupsi Di Pelayanan Publik

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Hasil Survey Korupsi Di Pelayanan Publik HASIL SURVEY KORUPSI DI PELAYANAN PUBLIK (Studi Kasus di Lima Kota: Jakarta, Palangkaraya, Samarinda, Mataram dan Kupang) Disusun oleh: Tim Peneliti Departemen Riset dan Kajian Strategis Indonesia Corruption Watch Jakarta, 2000 Kata Pengantar Wacana anti korupsi mulai muncul kembali di Indonesia bersamaan dengan runtuhnya rejim Suharto. Korupsi, bersama dengan kolusi dan nepotisme, kemudian menjadi wacana baru yang menjadi dagangan politik utama di kalangan politisi. Secara deterministis KKN tersebut ditempatkan sebagai sumber utama krisis ekonomi yang terjadi di Indonesia. Wacana anti korupsi tersebut semakin berkembang pula dengan adanya organisasi- organisasi yang bergerak untuk memberantas korupsi. Dari wacana yang berkembang tersebut tersebut kemudian muncul gagasan untuk melakukan pendekatan legal dalam pemberantasan korupsi seperti perbaikan UU Anti Korupsi, UU Perlindungan Saksi, Ombudsman, dan lain-lain. Selain itu lahir pula ide-ide dari organisasi-organisasi anti korupsi untuk menempatkan gerakan anti korupsi sebagai sebuah gerakan sosial. Artinya, gerakan anti korupsi harus berjalan linier dengan demokratisasi. Gagasan ini mempercayai bahwa apabila masyarakat sipil terbentuk maka korupsi akan jauh lebih mudah diberantas. Transparansi dan demokratisasi sekaligus juga melahirkan elemen kontrol terhadap korupsi dan penyalahgunaan kekuasaan. Namun harus diakui bahwa segala gagasan untuk memberantas korupsi tersebut masih belum memiliki basis teoritis yang jelas. Teori mengenai korupsi yang berdasar pada realitas sosial yang ada di Indonesia masih kurang dalam memberikan semacam pemahaman yang jelas. Kurangnya pemahaman yang memadai dapat terlihat dari masih munculnya perdebatan mengenai target pemberantasan, apakah koruptor-koruptor kelas kakap yang melakukan korupsi padahal hidup mereka sudah berkecukupan atau koruptor-koruptor kecil yang tindakannya langsung bersentuhan dengan masyarakat. Padahal untuk menyusun langkah-langkah strategis maupun taktis dalam memberantas korupsi, perlu ada kajian yang mendalam mengenai pola-pola korupsi di Indonesia. Berdasarkan latar pemikiran tersebut, perlu dilakukan suatu kajian mengenai pola-pola korupsi di Indonesia. Di sini, Indonesia Corruption Watch bekerja sama dengan The Asia Foundations melakukan riset mengenai pola-pola korupsi di Indonesia. Tujuan dari riset ini adalah untuk mengembangkan sedikit pemikiran mengenai kompleksitas korupsi agar langkah- langkah strategis maupun taktis dapat dirumuskan. Korupsi di Indonesia melibatkan tiga elemen utama, yaitu negara, sektor bisnis dan sektor rakyat. Korupsi muncul dalam relasi diantara ketiga elemen tersebut. Namun kami menyadari bahwa korupsi merupakan persoalan yang kompleks, maka penelitian ini lebih difokuskan pada korupsi yang terjadi dalam relasi antara negara dengan rakyat. Relasi antara negara dengan rakyat, dengan rakyat yang seringkali berposisi sebagai korban dapat dilihat pada kehidupan seharihari pada sektor pelayanan publik (public service). Korupsi yang terjadi dalam relasi rakyat-negara ini menjadi penting, pertama karena persoalan korupsi tersebut langsung bersentuhan dengan kepentingan rakyat. Kedua, kajian terhadap korupsi dalam pelayanan publik ini mencoba mengelaborasi lebih jauh argumentasi bahwa korupsi yang dilakukan oleh kalangan menengah ke bawah, yang tentunya secara langsung merugikan rakyat, tetap tidak dapat diterima dengan justifikasi-justifikasi yang bersifat hanya ekonomis. Dalam penelitian ini, sektor pelayan publik yang begitu luas dibatasi pada pelayanan publik yang relatif rutin berinteraksi dengan rakyat, yaitu PLN, PAM/PDAM, Pembuatan SIM i dan Perpajakan, khususnya dalam proses pemeriksaan dan pemungutan pajak. PLN dan PAM/PDAM diambil sebagai representasi dari BUMN yang produknya langsung dikonsumsi oleh publik. Pembuatan SIM sebagai perwakilan dari pelayanan publik yang dilakukan oleh institusi POLRI. Sedangkan Perpajakan diasumsikan mewakili pelayanan publik yang dilakukan oleh aparat birokrasi. Sebagai sebuah tinjauan awal, tentunya banyak kelemahan yang muncul dalam penelitian ini. Di sini kami mengharapkan adanya kritik dan saran dari pembaca sebagai bagian dari dialektika yang berkembang demi perumusan strategi anti korupsi yang lebih substantif, struktural dan bersifat strategis. Tidak lupa kami atas nama tim peneliti “Pola-Pola Korupsi di Indonesia” ICW-TAF mengucapkan terimakasih kepada kawan-kawan di Badan Pekerja ICW, The Asia Foundations, para informan dan responden yang tidak bisa disebutkan namanya satu persatu, serta para sukarelawan yang bersedia membantu menjadi interviewer. Karena tanpa mereka, penelitian ini tidak akan bisa terlaksanan dengan baik. Jakarta, November 2000 Tim Peneliti ii TIM PENELITI POLA-POLA KORUPSI DI INDONESIA Koordinator: Donny Ardyanto Asisten Koordinator : Joko Oetoro Oemaryono Abdullah Kamil/Wasingatu Zakiah Adminstrasi: Fauziaa Binawati Rita Novela Staf Ahli: Hari Nugroho (Sosiolog, Staf Pengajar FISIP UI) Merly Khow (Kriminolog, Staf Ahli BPPN) M. Nawir Mesy (Ekonom, Peneliti INDEF) Rudy M. Harahap (Public Finance, Staf BPKP) Topo Santoso (Ahli Hukum, Staf Pengajar FH UI) Peneliti: Agam Fatchurrochman Y. Wasi Gede Puraka Asisten Peneliti: Ahmad Deni Murdani Dara Meutia Uning Dera Eharlina Dery Irmantara Satya B. Utama Sonny P. Wibisono iii Daftar Isi Kata Pengantar............................................................................................................................ i TIM PENELITI ........................................................................................................................ iii POLA-POLA KORUPSI DI INDONESIA.............................................................................. iii Daftar Isi................................................................................................................................... iv Daftar Tabel.............................................................................................................................. vi Daftar Gambar ......................................................................................................................... vii BAB I......................................................................................................................................... 1 PENDAHULUAN.....................................................................................................................1 I.1 Latar Belakang ................................................................................................................. 1 I.2 Permasalahan.................................................................................................................... 4 I.3 Kerangka Pemikiran......................................................................................................... 9 I.3.1 Menuju Pemahaman Ekonomi-Politik Korupsi ........................................................ 9 I.3.2 Birokrasi.................................................................................................................. 16 I.3.3. Sektor Pelayanan Publik ........................................................................................ 18 I.4. Tujuan dan Signifikansi Penelitian ............................................................................... 21 I.5. Metode Penelitian.......................................................................................................... 21 Bab II ....................................................................................................................................... 24 Sekilas Sejarah Korupsi Kontemporer di Republik Indonesia ................................................ 24 II.1 Periode Pasca-Kolonial 1945-1957............................................................................... 24 II.2 Demokrasi Terpimpin 1958-1965 dan Keruntuhannya. ............................................... 27 II.3 Periode Pemulihan Ekonomi Negara dan Politik Dua-Jalur 1966-1974 ...................... 29 II.4 Periode 1974 – 1982 Penguatan Negara dan Kebangkitan Politik Teknokrat.............. 33 II.5 Periode 1978 – 1986: Deregulasi Dan Arah Menuju Institusionalisasi Korupsi.......... 37 II.6 Periode 1986-1997 : Transformasi Patronase Individu Menuju Patronase Negara...... 41 Bab III...................................................................................................................................... 44 Korupsi Pada Sektor Pelayanan Publik Sebagai Warisan Orde Baru ..................................... 44 III.1. Deskripsi Korupsi Dalam Proses Pengelolaan Pembuatan SIM ................................ 44 III.1.1 Organisasi dan Pengelolaan SIM.......................................................................... 47 III.1.2. Pengelolaan dan Proses Produksi Surat Ijin Mengemudi.................................... 53 III.1.2. Prosedur Formal Pengurusan SIM....................................................................... 56 III.1.3. Korupsi dalam Pengelolaan Pembuatan SIM ...................................................... 58 III.1.3.1. Percaloan ...................................................................................................... 58 III.1.3.2. Celah-Celah Korupsi Pada Proses Pengurusan SIM .................................... 61 III.1.3.3. Aliran Dana dalam Jaringan Patronase Pada SIM........................................ 64 III.2 Deskripsi Korupsi Pada Sektor Perpajakan................................................................. 71 III.2.1. Personalia ...........................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Surrealist Painting in Yogyakarta Martinus Dwi Marianto University of Wollongong
    University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 1995 Surrealist painting in Yogyakarta Martinus Dwi Marianto University of Wollongong Recommended Citation Marianto, Martinus Dwi, Surrealist painting in Yogyakarta, Doctor of Philosophy thesis, Faculty of Creative Arts, University of Wollongong, 1995. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/1757 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] SURREALIST PAINTING IN YOGYAKARTA A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY from UNIVERSITY OF WOLLONGONG by MARTINUS DWI MARIANTO B.F.A (STSRI 'ASRT, Yogyakarta) M.F.A. (Rhode Island School of Design, USA) FACULTY OF CREATIVE ARTS 1995 CERTIFICATION I certify that this work has not been submitted for a degree to any other university or institution and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, contains no material previously published or written by any other person, except where due reference has been made in the text. Martinus Dwi Marianto July 1995 ABSTRACT Surrealist painting flourished in Yogyakarta around the middle of the 1980s to early 1990s. It became popular amongst art students in Yogyakarta, and formed a significant style of painting which generally is characterised by the use of casual juxtapositions of disparate ideas and subjects resulting in absurd, startling, and sometimes disturbing images. In this thesis, Yogyakartan Surrealism is seen as the expression in painting of various social, cultural, and economic developments taking place rapidly and simultaneously in Yogyakarta's urban landscape.
    [Show full text]
  • Trade-Offs, Compromise and Democratization in a Post-Authoritarian Setting
    Asian Social Science; Vol. 8, No. 13; 2012 ISSN 1911-2017 E-ISSN 1911-2025 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Trade-offs, Compromise and Democratization in a Post-authoritarian Setting Paul James Carnegie1 1 Department of International Studies, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates Correspondence: Paul James Carnegie, Department of International Studies, American University of Sharjah, University City, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates. Tel: 971-6-515-4703. E-mail: [email protected] Received: June 17, 2012 Accepted: July 5, 2012 Online Published: October 18, 2012 doi:10.5539/ass.v8n13p71 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v8n13p71 Abstract Reconstituting the disarticulated political space of authoritarian breakdown is anything but straightforward. Distinct trade-offs and ambiguous outcomes are all too familiar. This is in no small part because political change involves compromise with an authoritarian past. The very fact of this transition dynamic leaves us with more questions than answers about the process of democratization. In particular, it is important to ask how we go about interpreting ambiguity in the study of democratization. The following article argues that the way we frame democratization is struggling to come to terms with the ambiguity of contemporary political change. Taking Indonesia as an example, the article maps a tension between authoritarianism and subsequent democratization. The story here is not merely one of opening, breakthrough, and consolidation but also (re-)negotiation. There is also an unfolding at the interstices of culture and politics and of that between discourse and practice. Unfortunately, the insight gained will not lessen some of the more undesirable aspects of Indonesia’s post-authoritarian outcome but it does afford us a more fine-grained reading of the reconfigured patterns of politics that are emerging.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Media and Politics in Indonesia
    Social Media and Politics in Indonesia Anders C. Johansson Stockholm School of Economics Stockholm School of Economics Asia Working Paper No. 42 December 2016 Stockholm China Economic Research Institute | Stockholm School of Economics | Box 6501 | S-113 83 Stockholm | Sweden Social Media and Politics in Indonesia Anders C. Johansson* Stockholm School of Economics December 2016 * E-mail: [email protected]. Financial support from the Marianne & Marcus Wallenberg Foundation is gratefully acknowledged. 1 Social Media and Politics in Indonesia Abstract Does social media have the potential to influence the political process more in certain countries? How do political actors and citizens use social media to participate in the political process? This paper analyzes these questions in the context of contemporary Indonesia, a country with a young democracy and a vibrant emerging economy. First, the relationships between traditional and social media and politics are discussed. Then, the current situation in Indonesia’s traditional media industry and how it may have helped drive the popularity of social media in Indonesia is analyzed. Finally, the paper discusses social media in today’s Indonesia and provides examples of how political actors and citizens use social media in the political process. JEL Classifications: D72; L82 Keywords: Indonesia; Social media; Media; Politics; Democratic process; Political process; Media industry 2 1 Introduction The use and popularity of social networking sites online has increased dramatically over the last decade. In a recent study by the Pew Research Center (2015), it was reported that 65 percent of all adults in the United States use some form of social media, a ten times increase from 2005 to 2015.
    [Show full text]
  • Contemporary Literature from the Chinese Diaspora in Indonesia
    CONTEMPORARY LITERATURE FROM THE CHINESE 'DIASPORA' IN INDONESIA Pamela Allen (University of Tasmania) Since the fall of Suharto a number of Chinese-Indonesian writers have begun to write as Chinese-Indonesians, some using their Chinese names, some writing in Mandarin. New literary activities include the gathering, publishing and translating (from Mandarin) of short stories and poetry by Chinese-Indonesians. Pribumi Indonesians too have privileged Chinese ethnicity in their works in new and compelling ways. To date little of this new Chinese-Indonesian literary activity has been documented or evaluated in English. This paper begins to fill that gap by examining the ways in which recent literary works by and about Chinese-Indonesians give expression to their ethnic identity. Introduction Since colonial times the Chinese have been subjected to othering in Indonesia on account of their cultural and religious difference, on account of their perceived dominance in the nation’s economy and (paradoxically, as this seems to contradict that economic - 1 - dominance) on account of their purported complicity with Communism. The first outbreak of racial violence towards the Chinese, engineered by the Dutch United East Indies Company, was in Batavia in 1740.1 The perceived hybridity of peranakan Chinese (those born in Indonesia) was encapsulated in the appellation used to describe them in pre-Independence Java: Cina wurung, londa durung, Jawa tanggung (‘no longer a Chinese, not yet a Dutchman, a half- baked Javanese’).2 ‘The Chinese are everywhere
    [Show full text]
  • Only Yesterday in Jakarta: Property Boom and Consumptive Trends in the Late New Order Metropolitan City
    Southeast Asian Studies, Vol. 38, No.4, March 2001 Only Yesterday in Jakarta: Property Boom and Consumptive Trends in the Late New Order Metropolitan City ARAI Kenichiro* Abstract The development of the property industry in and around Jakarta during the last decade was really conspicuous. Various skyscrapers, shopping malls, luxurious housing estates, condominiums, hotels and golf courses have significantly changed both the outlook and the spatial order of the metropolitan area. Behind the development was the government's policy of deregulation, which encouraged the active involvement of the private sector in urban development. The change was accompanied by various consumptive trends such as the golf and cafe boom, shopping in gor­ geous shopping centers, and so on. The dominant values of ruling elites became extremely con­ sumptive, and this had a pervasive influence on general society. In line with this change, the emergence of a middle class attracted the attention of many observers. The salient feature of this new "middle class" was their consumptive lifestyle that parallels that of middle class as in developed countries. Thus it was the various new consumer goods and services mentioned above, and the new places of consumption that made their presence visible. After widespread land speculation and enormous oversupply of property products, the property boom turned to bust, leaving massive non-performing loans. Although the boom was not sustainable and it largely alienated urban lower strata, the boom and resulting bust represented one of the most dynamic aspect of the late New Order Indonesian society. I Introduction In 1998, Indonesia's "New Order" ended.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Ethnic Chinese Minority in Developntent: the Indonesian Case
    Southeast Asian Studies. Vol. 25, No.3, December 1987 The Role of Ethnic Chinese Minority in Developntent: The Indonesian Case Mely G. TAN* As recent writIngs indicate, the term Introduction more commonly used today is "ethnic Chinese" to refer to the group as a Despite the manifest diversity of the whole, regardless of citizenship, cultural ethnic Chinese in Southeast Asia, there orientation and social identification.2) is still the tendency among scholars The term ethnic or ethnicity, refers to focusing on this group, to treat them a socio-cultural entity. In the case of as a monolithic entity, by referring to the ethnic Chinese, it refers to a group all of them as "Chinese" or "Overseas with cultural elements recognizable as Chinese." Within the countries them­ or attributable to Chinese, while socially, selves, as In Indonesia, for instance, members of this group identify and are this tendency is apparent among the identified by others as constituting a majority population in the use of the distinct group. terms "orang Cina," "orang Tionghoa" The above definition IS III line with or even "hoakiau."D It is our conten­ the use in recent writings on this topic. tion that these terms should only be In the last ten years or so, we note a applied to those who are alien, not of revival of interest In ethnicity and mixed ancestry, and who initially do ethnic groups, due to the realization not plan to stay permanently. We also that the newly-developed as well as the submit that, what terminology and what established countries In Europe and definition is used for this group, has North America are heterogeneous socie­ important implications culturally, so­ ties with problems In the relations cially, psychologically and especially for policy considerations.
    [Show full text]
  • VIEWS from ASIA Chinese Networks Chinese” in Southeast Asia at US$ 450 by Shiraishi Takashi Billion Or 125% of Mainland China’S GDP at the Time
    VIEWS FROM ASIA Chinese Networks Chinese” in Southeast Asia at US$ 450 By Shiraishi Takashi billion or 125% of mainland China’s GDP at the time. Furthermore, the liq- uid assets held by the “overseas Chinese” THE recent tsunami disaster reminds us regional economic integration. In 1980, were estimated at US$ 1.5 to 2 trillion that many of the affected countries not intra-regional trade within East Asia or nearly two-thirds of Japan’s assets. only occupy the same geographical space constituted 33.6%; by 1990, the figure It is often said that Chinese networks in the Indian Ocean, but were historical- had risen to 41.6%, and by 1995, two are built on their social systems. Formal ly part of the world built on and con- years before the Asian financial crisis, to overseas Chinese mutual aid associations nected through maritime trade. This 50.1%. We need only to compare the are organized according to clan, place of world encompassed the western part of above statistics to those of European ancestry or dialect groupings, and suppos- Southeast Asia, including what is now Union intra-regional trade (64.1% in edly function like banks through which southern Thailand, Malaysia, the west- 1995), and the North American Free members can borrow and lend money, ern part of Indonesia and Myanmar. In Trade Area (41.9%) to realize that the exchange information, recruit labor and fact, Southeast Asia was called “the land rate of integration in East Asia has accel- establish business connections. Chinese below the winds,” and it was an impor- erated significantly in the last two firms, financial networks and distribution tant area connecting the Indian Ocean decades.
    [Show full text]
  • Why Are Some Nations Rich and Others Poor?
    Why are some nations rich and others poor? A comparative analysis of Singapore and Indonesia’s institutional development between 1965 and 1998 Bachelor thesis Political Science: International Relations & Organisations Leiden University: Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences Author: K. de Hek, s1645625 Supervisor: Dr. F. de Zwart Date: 18/06/2018 Word count: 8383 Introduction Why are some nations rich and others poor? One influential contemporary theory has linked economic development to inclusive institutions (Acemoglu & Robinson, 2013). According to this theory, countries differ in their economic success because of their different institutions. Countries with institutions that are more inclusive tend to be more prosperous. Furthermore, Acemoglu and Robinson highlight the negative impact of colonialism on the development of the institutions of post-colonial societies. Importantly, they make a distinction between political and economic institutions. They argue that inclusive political institutions are a prerequisite for inclusive economic institutions. Despite this, they recognize the interaction between the two, as we can observe in the following statement: Inclusive economic institutions provide foundations upon which inclusive political institutions can flourish, while inclusive political institutions can restrict deviations away from inclusive economic institutions. (Acemoglu & Robinson, 2013, p.324) Inclusive economic institutions, which will be analysed in more detail below, are economic institutions that are designed in such a way that all subsets of society can benefit from them in a relatively equal way. Extractive economic institutions are, on the other hand, designed to “extract income and wealth from one subset of society to benefit a different subset” (Acemoglu & Robinson, 2013, p.75). Moreover, extractive political institutions have been defined as institutions that “concentrate power in the hands of a small elite and create a high risk of expropriation for the majority of the population” (Acemoglu, Johnson & Robinson, 2002, p.1235).
    [Show full text]
  • 116 Richard Borsuk and Nancy Chng in Writing This Book, the Authors Embarked on an Ambitious Project: to Narrate the History Of
    116 book reviews Richard Borsuk and Nancy Chng Liem Sioe Liong’s Salim Group. The Business Pillar of Suharto’s Indonesia. Singapore: iseas, 574 pp. isbn 9789814459570. Price: usd 52.90 (paperback). In writing this book, the authors embarked on an ambitious project: to narrate the history of Indonesia’s most prominent, yet reclusive tycoon, Liem Sioe Liong (alias Sudono Salim), and the role played by his Salim Group in the Suharto era. The book succeeds in meeting high expectations—it tells the story of the late Liem Sioe Liong’s rise in the business world in a subtle yet colourful manner, presenting many new facts and anecdotes. It also achieves something far more important—the rewriting of Indonesia’s economic history with the personal story of Liem woven into it. As the book’s cover picture suggests, this is really the story of how Liem and Suharto operated together and came to have a profound effect on Indonesia, and it paints an intimate picture of a reciprocal relationship that lasted right to the end of Suharto’s rule. Liem started out as a small immigrant trader in Java, but eventually managed to build up an impressive collection of successful businesses that was second to none in Indonesia. He was able to achieve this partly through his intimate ties with Suharto, who remained in power for 32 years. At its height, the group touched the lives of virtually all Indonesians through providing their daily food, entertainment, financial services, properties and transport. Due to the group’s ‘crony extraordinaire’ status, a post-Suharto fall-out was almost inevitable, but by the time this happened the Salim Group was too large to fail completely.
    [Show full text]
  • INDONESIAN POLITICAL ECONOMY in the ERA of APEC
    b. t\"s INDONESIAN POLITICAL ECONOMY in THE ERA Of APEC Sofyan Lubis Department of Politics The University of Adelaide Thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Arts December 1998 Contents Abstract 1V Acknowledgments v Statement vi Charts/Tables vii Chapter One : Introduction Chapter Two : The Indonesian Economy in 1966-1990 10 The Legacy of Sukarno's period 10 The Period of Stabilisation, 1966-1970 11 The Role of Foreign Aid 17 The Oil Boom 1973-1979 19 Economic Growth and the Development of Secondary Industry, 1978-1990 25 The Banking Industry 29 A New Tiger Economy: Indonesia Macro-economic Performance, 1986-1991 31 The Indonesian Policy in International Trade 34 Chapter Three : The History of APEC 39 The Evolution of the Idea 40 The Association of South-East Asia Nations (ASEAN) 44 The Pacific Economic Cooperation Council (PECC) 46 The APEC Ministerial Meetings 48 The APEC Leaders Economic Meetings 58 APEC's Ten Major Working Group Meetings 62 The APEC Secretariat: functions and budget cycle 69 Chapter Four : The Indonesian Government Response to APEC 74 Sustaining economic development in a liberalising world 16 A Vision for the year 2020 79 Continuing refonn 84 Europe-Asia opportunity in the world business network 86 Chapter Five : The Opportunities in East and South-east Asia 89 Japan 90 Korea 94 China Taiwan 96 Hong Kong 103 Singapore 106 Thailand 108 The Philippines 112 Malaysia 115 Indonesia, Industry and Economic Deregulation 118 11 Chapter Six : Globalisation and its Impact on Indonesia 135 The implication of globalisation
    [Show full text]
  • Download Download
    SOCIUS Vol. 8, No. 1, Th. 2021 ISSN : 2356-4180 (cetak) 2442-8663 (online) REDAKSI DAFTAR ISI JURNAL SOCIUS Artikel : Editor in Chief : Arni Darmayanti, Gede Budarsa Desy Mardhiah (Universitas Negeri Padang) Peran Ganda Perempuan Bali di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Halaman 1-12 Managing Editor : Erda Fitriani Luthfi Hasanal Bolqiah, Riaty Raffiuddin (Universitas Negeri Padang) Dominasi Oligarki dalam Pembangunan Reklamasi Pantai Utara Jakarta Halaman 13-25 Editorial Board: Elfitra Baikoeni Rinel Fitlayeni, Ikhsan Muharma Putra, Marleni Marleni, (Universitas Andalas) Elvawati Elvawati, Winda Sri Yulia Putri Iskandar Penguatan Kapasitas Pedagang dalam Resolusi Konflik Asimetris di (Universitas Trunojoyo) Pasar Raya Padang Pasca Gempa Ike Sylvia Halaman 26-35 (Universitas Negeri Padang) Dahlia Morina Hutagalung, Ferdinand Kerebungu, Maryam Erianjoni (Universitas Negeri Padang) Lamadirisi Perilaku Belajar Mahasiswa Batak Toba di Universitas Negeri Manado Emizal Amri Halaman 36-46 (Universitas Negeri Padang) Mohammad Isa Gautama Rifqi Asy'ari, Rusdin Tahir, Cecep Ucu Rakhman, Rifki (Universitas Negeri Padang) Rahmanda Putra Pengembangan Pariwisata Berbasis Masyarakat di Provinsi Jawa Barat Khairul Fahmi (Universitas Negeri Padang) Halaman 47-58 Reno Fernandes Reno Fernandes, Azwar Ananda, Maria Montessori, Firman (Universitas Negeri Padang) Firman, Eka Vidya Putra, Hendra Naldi, Erda Fitriani Layout Editor : Adaptasi Dosen Digital Immigrant Terhadap Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Rhavy Ferdyan pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Halaman 59-72 Technical Support:
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Crisis Spells Doom for Suharto
    Tapol bulletin no, 145, February 1998 This is the Published version of the following publication UNSPECIFIED (1998) Tapol bulletin no, 145, February 1998. Tapol bulletin (145). pp. 1-24. ISSN 1356-1154 The publisher’s official version can be found at Note that access to this version may require subscription. Downloaded from VU Research Repository https://vuir.vu.edu.au/25995/ ISSN 1356-1154 The Indonesia Human Rights Campaign TAPOL Bulletin No. 145 February 1998 Economic crisis spells doom for Suharto Since seizing power in 1965 after one of the bloodiest massacres this century, Suharto has succeeded in staying in power for more than thirty years thanks to a system of brutal repression. Economic de­ velopment became the basis for the regime's claim to legitimacy, at the same time transforming the Suharto clan into one of the world's wealthiest families. But economic disaster has now brought the regime to the brink of collapse. The man who should have been crushed by the weight bled, the weight of debt denominated in dollars forced of world opinion for presiding over the massacre of up to a thousands of businesses into virtual bankruptcy, laying off million people in 1965/65, for the genocidal invasion and hundreds of thousands of people. Malaysia was also se­ occupation of East Timor, for the 1984 Tanjung Priok mas­ verely hit but the next major victim was South Korea sacre of Muslims and numerous other mass slayings and where the chaebol or conglomerates were also weighed for brutal military operations in West Papua and Aceh, will down by a mountain of debt.
    [Show full text]