A Primer on Winter, Ice, and Fish
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Benthic Community Response to Iceberg Scouring at an Intensely Disturbed Shallow Water Site at Adelaide Island, Antarctica
Vol. 355: 85–94, 2008 MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published February 26 doi: 10.3354/meps07311 Mar Ecol Prog Ser Benthic community response to iceberg scouring at an intensely disturbed shallow water site at Adelaide Island, Antarctica Dan A. Smale*, David K. A. Barnes, Keiron P. P. Fraser, Lloyd S. Peck British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OET, UK ABSTRACT: Disturbance is a key structuring force influencing shallow water communities at all latitudes. Polar nearshore communities are intensely disturbed by ice, yet little is known about benthic recovery following iceberg groundings. Understanding patterns of recovery following ice scour may be particularly important in the West Antarctic Peninsula region, one of the most rapidly changing marine systems on Earth. Here we present the first observations from within the Antarc- tic Circle of community recovery following iceberg scouring. Three grounded icebergs were marked at a highly disturbed site at Adelaide Island (~67° S) and the resultant scours were sampled at <1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 30 to 32 mo following formation. Each iceberg impact was catastrophic in that it resulted in a 92 to 96% decrease in abundance compared with reference zones, but all post- scoured communities increased in similarity towards ‘undisturbed’ assemblages over time. Taxa recovered at differing rates, probably due to varying mechanisms of return to scoured areas. By the end of the study, we found no differences in abundance between scoured and reference samples for 6 out of 9 major taxonomic groups. Five pioneer species had consistently elevated abundances in scours compared with reference zones. -
Edna Assay Development
Environmental DNA assays available for species detection via qPCR analysis at the U.S.D.A Forest Service National Genomics Center for Wildlife and Fish Conservation (NGC). Asterisks indicate the assay was designed at the NGC. This list was last updated in June 2021 and is subject to change. Please contact [email protected] with questions. Family Species Common name Ready for use? Mustelidae Martes americana, Martes caurina American and Pacific marten* Y Castoridae Castor canadensis American beaver Y Ranidae Lithobates catesbeianus American bullfrog Y Cinclidae Cinclus mexicanus American dipper* N Anguillidae Anguilla rostrata American eel Y Soricidae Sorex palustris American water shrew* N Salmonidae Oncorhynchus clarkii ssp Any cutthroat trout* N Petromyzontidae Lampetra spp. Any Lampetra* Y Salmonidae Salmonidae Any salmonid* Y Cottidae Cottidae Any sculpin* Y Salmonidae Thymallus arcticus Arctic grayling* Y Cyrenidae Corbicula fluminea Asian clam* N Salmonidae Salmo salar Atlantic Salmon Y Lymnaeidae Radix auricularia Big-eared radix* N Cyprinidae Mylopharyngodon piceus Black carp N Ictaluridae Ameiurus melas Black Bullhead* N Catostomidae Cycleptus elongatus Blue Sucker* N Cichlidae Oreochromis aureus Blue tilapia* N Catostomidae Catostomus discobolus Bluehead sucker* N Catostomidae Catostomus virescens Bluehead sucker* Y Felidae Lynx rufus Bobcat* Y Hylidae Pseudocris maculata Boreal chorus frog N Hydrocharitaceae Egeria densa Brazilian elodea N Salmonidae Salvelinus fontinalis Brook trout* Y Colubridae Boiga irregularis Brown tree snake* -
River Ice Management in North America
RIVER ICE MANAGEMENT IN NORTH AMERICA REPORT 2015:202 HYDRO POWER River ice management in North America MARCEL PAUL RAYMOND ENERGIE SYLVAIN ROBERT ISBN 978-91-7673-202-1 | © 2015 ENERGIFORSK Energiforsk AB | Phone: 08-677 25 30 | E-mail: [email protected] | www.energiforsk.se RIVER ICE MANAGEMENT IN NORTH AMERICA Foreword This report describes the most used ice control practices applied to hydroelectric generation in North America, with a special emphasis on practical considerations. The subjects covered include the control of ice cover formation and decay, ice jamming, frazil ice at the water intakes, and their impact on the optimization of power generation and on the riparians. This report was prepared by Marcel Paul Raymond Energie for the benefit of HUVA - Energiforsk’s working group for hydrological development. HUVA incorporates R&D- projects, surveys, education, seminars and standardization. The following are delegates in the HUVA-group: Peter Calla, Vattenregleringsföretagen (ordf.) Björn Norell, Vattenregleringsföretagen Stefan Busse, E.ON Vattenkraft Johan E. Andersson, Fortum Emma Wikner, Statkraft Knut Sand, Statkraft Susanne Nyström, Vattenfall Mikael Sundby, Vattenfall Lars Pettersson, Skellefteälvens vattenregleringsföretag Cristian Andersson, Energiforsk E.ON Vattenkraft Sverige AB, Fortum Generation AB, Holmen Energi AB, Jämtkraft AB, Karlstads Energi AB, Skellefteå Kraft AB, Sollefteåforsens AB, Statkraft Sverige AB, Umeå Energi AB and Vattenfall Vattenkraft AB partivipates in HUVA. Stockholm, November 2015 Cristian -
Spawning and Early Life History of Mountain Whitefish in The
SPAWNING AND EARLY LIFE HISTORY OF MOUNTAIN WHITEFISH IN THE MADISON RIVER, MONTANA by Jan Katherine Boyer A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Fish and Wildlife Management MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY Bozeman, Montana January 2016 © COPYRIGHT by Jan Katherine Boyer 2016 All Rights Reserved ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First, I thank my advisor, Dr. Christopher Guy, for challenging me and providing advice throughout every stage of this project. I also thank my committee members, Dr. Molly Webb and Dr. Tom McMahon, for guidance and suggestions which greatly improved this research. My field technicians Jordan Rowe, Greg Hill, and Patrick Luckenbill worked hard through fair weather and snowstorms to help me collect the data presented here. I also thank Travis Horton, Pat Clancey, Travis Lohrenz, Tim Weiss, Kevin Hughes, Rick Smaniatto, and Nick Pederson of Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks for field assistance and advice. Mariah Talbott, Leif Halvorson, and Eli Cureton of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service assisted with field and lab work. Richard Lessner and Dave Brickner at the Madison River Foundation helped to secure funding for this project and conduct outreach in the Madison Valley. The Channels Ranch, Valley Garden Ranch, Sun West Ranch, and Galloup’s Slide Inn provided crucial land and river access. I also thank my fellow graduate students both for advice on project and class work and for being excellent people to spend time with. Ann Marie Reinhold, Mariah Mayfield, David Ritter, and Peter Brown were especially helpful during the early stages of this project. -
Snow and Ice Control Around Structures - George D
COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND MARINE TECHNOLOGY - Snow and Ice Control Around Structures - George D. Ashton SNOW AND ICE CONTROL AROUND STRUCTURES George D. Ashton Consultant, Lebanon, NH 03766 Keywords: ice jams, ice control, flooding, snow drifting, snow loads, river ice Contents 1. Introduction 2. Nature of ice jams 2.1. Frazil Ice 2.1.1. Hanging Dams 2.1.2. Blockage of Intakes 2.2. Breakup Ice Jams 3. Control of ice jams 3.1. Frazil Ice Jams 3.2. Breakup Ice Jams 3.2.1. Ice Suppression 3.2.2. Dikes 3.2.3. Ice Booms 3.2.4. Ice Control Structures 3.2.5. Ice Removal 3.2.6. Ice Breaking 3.2.7. Ice Weakening 3.2.8. Blasting 4. Other Ice Control Techniques 4.1. Air Bubbler Systems 4.1.1. Requirements 4.1.2. Limitations 4.1.3. Operation 4.2. Other Ice Control Techniques 5. Snow control around structures 5.1. Buildings 5.1.1. Snow UNESCOLoads on Roofs – EOLSS 5.1.2. Blowing Snow 5.2. Roads 5.2.1 Snow Fences 6. Conclusion SAMPLE CHAPTERS Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketch Summary Two main topics are treated here: control of ice jams including mitigation measures, and control of snow accumulations around structures. The nature of ice jams is described and the difference between jams formed of frazil ice and jams formed of broken ice is ©Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS) COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND MARINE TECHNOLOGY - Snow and Ice Control Around Structures - George D. Ashton discussed. Also discussed are various ice control techniques used for specific problems. -
The Effects of Ice on Stream Flow
LIBRARY COPY DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEORGE OTI8 SMITH, DIKECTOK WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 337 THE EFFECTS OF ICE ON STREAM FLOW BY WILLIAM GLENN HOYT WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1913 CONTENTS. Page. Introduction____________________________________ 7 Factors that modify winter run-off_______________________ 9 Classification_________________________________ 9 Climatic factors_______________________________ 9 Precipitation and temperature____________________ 9 Barometric pressure__________________________ 17 Chinook winds________________________________ 18 Geologic factors________________________________ 19 Topographic factors______________________________ 20 Natural storage_____________________________ 20 Location, size, and trend of drainage basins____________ 22 Character of streams_________________________ 22 Vegetational factors_____________________________. 23 Artificial control _________________________________ 23 Formation of ice______________________________^____ 24 General conditions ________________________________ 24 Surface ice __ __ __ ___________________ 24 Method of formation____________________________. 24 Length and severity of cold period__________________ 25 Temperature of affluents________________________'__ 26 Velocity of water and. character of bed_______________ 27 Fluctuations in stage__________________________ 27 Frazil______________________________________ 28 Anchor ice_____________________ __________ 29 Effect of ice on relation of stage to discharge_________ ______ 30 The -
Kenai National Wildlife Refuge Species List, Version 2018-07-24
Kenai National Wildlife Refuge Species List, version 2018-07-24 Kenai National Wildlife Refuge biology staff July 24, 2018 2 Cover image: map of 16,213 georeferenced occurrence records included in the checklist. Contents Contents 3 Introduction 5 Purpose............................................................ 5 About the list......................................................... 5 Acknowledgments....................................................... 5 Native species 7 Vertebrates .......................................................... 7 Invertebrates ......................................................... 55 Vascular Plants........................................................ 91 Bryophytes ..........................................................164 Other Plants .........................................................171 Chromista...........................................................171 Fungi .............................................................173 Protozoans ..........................................................186 Non-native species 187 Vertebrates ..........................................................187 Invertebrates .........................................................187 Vascular Plants........................................................190 Extirpated species 207 Vertebrates ..........................................................207 Vascular Plants........................................................207 Change log 211 References 213 Index 215 3 Introduction Purpose to avoid implying -
Summary Report No
Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2614 2002 Life History Characteristics Of Freshwater Fishes Occurring in the Northwest Territories and Nunavut, With Major Emphasis on Riverine Habitat Requirements by C.L. Evans1, J.D. Reist1 and C.K. Minns2 1. Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Arctic Fish Ecology and Assessment Research, Central and Arctic Division, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N6 Canada 2. Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Great Lakes Laboratory of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Bayfield Institute, 867 Lakeshore Road, P.O. Box 5050, Burlington, Ontario, L7R 4A6 Canada. Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, 2002 Cat. No. Fs 97-4/2614E ISSN 0706-6473 Correct citation of this publication: Evans, C.E., J.D. Reist and C.K. Minns. 2002. Life history characteristics of freshwater fishes occurring in the Northwest Territories and Nunavut, with major emphasis on riverine habitat requirements. Can. MS Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2614: xiii + 169 p. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... v LIST OF TABLES............................................................................................................ v ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................viii RÉSUMÉ ........................................................................................................................viii INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................ -
Arctic Grayling
Arctic Grayling For most anglers in America, the Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus (Pallus)) is a rare freshwater game fish symbolic of the clear, cold streams of the northern wilderness. Grayling occur throughout the arctic as far west as the Kara River in Russia and east to the western shores of Hudson Bay in Canada. Once as common as far south as Michigan and Montana, the Arctic grayling has almost disappeared from the northern United States because of overfishing, competition from introduced species, and habitat loss. General description: The Arctic grayling is an elegantly formed cousin of the trout. With its sail-like dorsal fin dotted with large iridescent red or purple spots, the grayling is one of the most unusual and beautiful fish of Alaska. Grayling are generally dark on the back and have iridescent gray sides. They have varying numbers of black spots scattered along the anterior portion of both sides. The adipose, caudal (tail), pectoral, and anal fins are gray and the pelvic fins are often marked with pink to orange stripes. Life history: Grayling have evolved many strategies to meet the needs of life in what are often harsh and uncertain environments. Grayling can be highly migratory, using different streams for spawning, juvenile rearing, summer feeding, and overwintering. Or, in other areas, they can complete their entire life without leaving a short section of stream or lake. Winter generally finds grayling in lakes or the deeper pools of medium-sized rivers such as the Chena and Gulkana, or in large glacial rivers like the Tanana, Susitna, and Yukon. -
Diving Ducks
Avian Models for 3D Applications Characters and Texture Mapping by Ken Gilliland 1 Songbird ReMix Waterfowl: Sea & Diving Ducks Contents Introduction 3 Overview 3 Poser and DAZ Studio Use 3 Physical-based Renderers 4 Where to find your birds 4 Morphs and their Use 5 Field Guide List of Species 10 Diving Ducks Red-crested Pochard 11 Pink-headed Duck (extinct) 13 Redhead 16 Tufted Duck 18 Lesser Scaup 21 Greater Scaup 25 Hardhead 28 Ferruginous Duck 30 Sea Ducks King Eider 32 Harlequin Duck 34 Black Scoter 36 Smew 38 Common Goldeneye 40 Bufflehead 42 Hooded Merganser 44 Chinese Merganser 46 Ruddy Duck 49 Resources, Credits and Thanks 51 Appendix 52 Copyrighted 2014-18 by Ken Gilliland www.songbirdremix.com Opinions expressed on this booklet are solely that of the author, Ken Gilliland, and may or may not reflect the opinions of the publisher. 2 Songbird ReMix Waterfowl: Sea & Diving Ducks Introduction There are two distinct groups of Ducks; Dabbling Ducks and Sea/Diving Ducks. They are divided into the two groups mostly by behavior. Diving ducks and sea ducks forage deep underwater. To be able to submerge more easily, the diving ducks are heavier than dabbling ducks, and therefore have more difficulty taking off to fly. Diving ducks are commonly called pochards or scaups, while Sea ducks have a much larger family of species including eiders, scoters, mergansers, goldeneyes and other species. Most of these ducks occupy habitats in the northern latitudes. Overview The set is located within the Animals : Songbird ReMix folder. Here is where you will find a number of folders, such as Bird Library, Manuals and Resources . -
Snowterm: a Thesaurus on Snow and Ice Hierarchical and Alphabetical Listings
Quaderno tematico SNOWTERM: A THESAURUS ON SNOW AND ICE HIERARCHICAL AND ALPHABETICAL LISTINGS Paolo Plini , Rosamaria Salvatori , Mauro Valt , Valentina De Santis, Sabina Di Franco Version: November 2008 Quaderno tematico EKOLab n° 2 SnowTerm: a thesaurus on snow and ice hierarchical and alphabetical listings Version: November 2008 Paolo Plini1, Rosamaria Salvatori2, Mauro Valt3, Valentina De Santis1, Sabina Di Franco1 Abstract SnowTerm is the result of an ongoing work on a structured reference multilingual scientific and technical vocabulary covering the terminology of a specific knowledge domain like the polar and the mountain environment. The terminological system contains around 3.700 terms and it is arranged according to the EARTh thesaurus semantic model. It is foreseen an updated and expanded version of this system. 1. Introduction The use, management and diffusion of information is changing very quickly in the environmental domain, due also to the increased use of Internet, which has resulted in people having at their disposition a large sphere of information and has subsequently increased the need for multilingualism. To exploit the interchange of data, it is necessary to overcome problems of interoperability that exist at both the semantic and technological level and by improving our understanding of the semantics of the data. This can be achieved only by using a controlled and shared language. After a research on the internet, several glossaries related to polar and mountain environment were found, written mainly in English. Typically these glossaries -with a few exceptions- are not structured and are presented as flat lists containing one or more definitions. The occurrence of multiple definitions might contribute to increase the semantic ambiguity, leaving up to the user the decision about the preferred meaning of a term. -
Circular 213. Bibliography of the Arctic Grayling, Thymallus Arcticus, Of
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STEWART L. UDALL, SECRETARY Stanley A. Cain, Assistant Secretary for Fish and WiZdZife Fish and Wildlife Service, Clarence F. Pautzke, Commissioner Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, JohnS. Gottschalk, Director BIBLIOGRAPHY Of THE ARCTIC GRAYLING, THY MALL US ARCTICUS, Of NORTH AMERICA By Robert E. Vincent Colorado Cooperative Fishery Unit Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado BUREAU CIRCULAR 213 Washington April 1965 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE ARCTIC GRAYLING, THYMALLUS ARCTICUS , OF NORTH AMERICA by Robert E. Vincent Colorado Cooperative Fishery Unit Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife Fish and Wildlife Service U. S. Department of the Interior Bibliographies of individual species become more convenient and more necessary as the amount of fishery literature increases. For a declining species such as the Arctic grayling, the bulk of the literature is in older works. Bibliographic references to these articles are widely scattered and many are difficult to locate; few are listed in modern fishery bibliographic sources. The bibliography includes only a few major European and Asian references. Many of the early American articles are what would now be considered semipopular. In the past, the works of many competent and outstanding ichthyologists were published in such periodicals and books; these have therefore been included. Ainsworth, S. H. 1874. The grayling in Michigan. American Sportsman, val. 4, p. 283. Babbitt, A. C. 1900. Michigan grayling, (Thymallus tricolor). Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, val. 29 (for 1900), p. 106-108. Back, Howard. 1938. The waters of Yellowstone with rod and fly. Dodd, Mead and Co., New York. 149 p.