DOCSLIB.ORG

Energia Eoliană Şi Alte Surse Regenerabile De Energie În România

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Energia Eoliană Şi Alte Surse Regenerabile De Energie În România Energia eoliană şi alte surse regenerabile de energie în România Wind Energy and other renewable energy sources in Romania Mai Ediţia a III-a *()+ May 3rd Edition Cuprins Index of contents 2 Introducere Introduction 4 Energia eoliană în România, Wind energy in Romania, Europe Europa şi în lume and Worldwide 5 1. Situaţia sectorului energiei eoliene 1. The wind energy sector situation worldwide la nivel mondial 10 2. România şi Europa 2. Romania and Europe 14 3. Situaţia sectorului de energie eoliană 3. Wind energy sector situation in Romania în România 22 Prevederi legale Legal Regulations 23 1. Pregătirea proiectului de investiţie şi 1. Preparation of the investment project and construcţia unei centrale electrice construction of a renewable energy plant 23 1.1. Drepturile reale necesare pentru 1.1. Real rights required for developing a construirea unei centrale electrice renewable energy plant 30 1.2. Sistemul de carte funciară în România 1.2. Romanian land register system 31 1.3. Situaţii care ar putea împiedica/întârzia 1.3. Issues that might impede/delay the proiectul de investiţie investment process 35 1.4. Autorizaţia de construire 1.4. Building Permit 36 1.5. Planificare urbanistică şi 1.5. Zoning classification and categorii de folosinţă land designation 37 1.6. Prevederi cu privire la mediu 1.6. Environmental regulations 37 1.7. Racordarea la reţea 1.7. Grid connection 39 1.8. Autorizaţia de înfiinţare 1.8. Setting-up authorisation 40 2. Operarea centralei electrice 2. Power plant operation 40 2.1. Mediu 2.1. Environmental 40 2.2. Licenţa de exploatare 2.2. Operational licence 41 2.3. Vânzarea de energie 2.3. Sale of energy 42 3. Sistemul de promovare şi 3. Support scheme and green tranzacţionarea certificatelor verzi certificates trading 42 3.1. Reglementări legale 3.1. Legal provisions 42 3.2. Cadrul general 3.2. General framework 43 3.3. Acreditarea 3.3. Accreditation 44 3.4. Emiterea certificatelor verzi 3.4. Green certificates issuing 45 3.5. Tranzacţionarea şi înregistrarea 3.5. Green certificates trading certificatelor verzi and registry 46 3.6. Excesul de certificate verzi 3.6. Excess of green certificates 47 3.7. Capacităţi energetice cu puteri instalate mari 3.7. Large energy facilities 47 3.8. Supracompensarea 3.8. Overcompensation 48 3.9. Cumulul de ajutoare 3.9. Various investment aids and green certificates 48 3.10 Potenţiale modificări ale schemei de sprijin 3.10 Potential amendments to the support scheme 51 4. Legislaţia Uniunii Europene privind 4. European Union legislation as regards the industria energiei regenerabile renewable energy industry Energia eoliană şi alte surse regenerabile de energie în România 2013 / Wind Energy and other renewable energy sources in Romania 2013 Surse de finanţare a investiţiilor în Sources of financing for renewable 52 energia regenerabilă energy investment 1. Programe cofinanţate de către EU 1. Programmes co-financed by the EU 53 2. Granturi SEE şi norvegiene 2. EEA and Norway Grants 56 3. Fonduri naţionale 3. National funds 60 4. Alte instituţii care oferă finanţări pentru 4. Other institutions which offer financing 60 proiectele de parcuri eoliene for wind farm projects 5. Băncile comerciale 5. Commercial banks 62 Constrângeri potenţiale şi Business limitations and prospects 67 perspective 1. Organizare societară 1. Corporate 68 2. Capacitatea reţelei şi conectarea 2. Grid capacity and connection 68 3. Modificări ale specificaţiilor tehnice 3. Amendments to technical specifications 71 4. Protecţia mediului 4. Environmental protection 74 5. Proteste sociale 5. Social protests 76 6. Limitările infrastructurii 6. Infrastructural limitations 78 7. Durata procedurii 7. Length of procedure 79 8. Impedimente în calea investiţiilor – 8. Obstacles to investments – Romania in 80 România, în contextul UE the context of the EU 9. Dispersia surselor 9. Dispersion of sources 82 10. Asigurările şi energia regenerabilă 10. Insurance and renewable energy 85 11. Probleme fiscale 11. Tax issues 88 12. Profitabilitatea energiei eoliene 12. The profitability of wind energy 94 Alte surse de energie regenerabilă Other renewable energy sources 105 1. Energia solară 1. Solar energy 112 2. Energia geotermală 2. Geothermal energy 114 3. Energia hidro 3. Hydropower 114 4. Biomasa 4. Biomass 116 Lista abrevierilor List of Acronyms 118 1 Energia eoliană şi alte surse regenerabile de energie în România 2013 / Wind Energy and other renewable energy sources in Romania 2013 Introducere Introduction Suntem încântaţi să publicăm a treia ediţie a We are pleased to publish this third edition of raportului „Energia eoliană şi alte surse regenerabile “Wind Energy and other renewable energy sources de energie în România”. La fel ca în anii precedenţi, in Romania”. As in the previous years, the report raportul constă într-o analiză a sectorului de energie consists in the current analysis of the renewable regenerabilă în România, descriind cadrul legal energy sector in Romania, describing the tax and şi fiscal aplicabil pentru dezvoltarea, construcţia the legal framework applicable to the development, si operarea parcurilor eoliene, oportunităţile de construction, and operation of wind farms, finanţare precum şi potenţialul sectorului de energie financing opportunities, as well as the prospects of regenerabilă în România. the renewable energy sector in Romania. Publicaţia noastră anuală a stârnit un interes Our yearly publication raised a significant interest considerabil nu doar în rândul investitorilor, amongst not only the investors, developers dezvoltatorilor şi operatorilor de parcuri de and operators of renewable energy plants, but energie regenerabilă dar şi pentru producătorii de also the manufacturers of equipment for the echipamente de energie, oferind în acelaşi timp sector, and it has enabled the interested readers şansa cititorilor interesaţi să estimeze potenţialul to assess the potential offered by the green oferit de piaţa energiei verde în România. Am energy market in Romania. We have distributed distribuit mii de exemplare fizice şi electronice thousands of hard copies and electronic versions ale publicaţiei noastre şi am crescut gradul de of our publication and raised the awareness conştientizare asupra oportunităţilor curente în of the current opportunities in the Romanian industria română de energie regenerabilă. renewable energy industry. Sursele regenerabile de energie devin din ce în ce Renewable energy sources are becoming more mai populare în întreaga lume şi, prin dezvoltarea and more popular worldwide. Thanks to the wind sectorului energiei eoliene, România are şanse să energy industry development, Romania has also the genereze energie electrică ecologică şi cu emisii reduse, chance to obtain energy in a non-emission manner, precum şi o securitate energetică mai mare, putând increase energy safety, and meet EU requirements astfel îndeplini cerinţele UE cu privire la producerea with respect to the E-RES share. Generation of de energie din surse regenerabile. Generarea de electricity from wind or other renewable sources electricitate din vânt şi alte surse regenerabile nu este is not an issue for environmentalists only. It is also doar problema ecologiştilor. Este de asemenea un an inevitable future of the national power system viitor inevitabil al sistemului energetic naţional care that has to improve production and restore existing trebuie să îmbunătăţească producţia şi să restabilească capacities with the aim to meet the increased capacităţile existente cu scopul de a satisface nevoile consumption needs. The share of particular sources în creştere ale consumului. Ponderea fiecărei surse will change in the energy mix. This is a great se va schimba în structura resurselor de energie. challenge not only to developers and investors but Aceasta este o mare provocare, nu numai pentru also to the government and conventional power dezvoltatori şi investitori, dar şi pentru administraţia industry. All interested parties seem at present to de stat şi industria energiei convenţionale. Toate părţile understand its scale and although the future power interesate par să înţeleagă în prezent amploarea şi, system is in the incipient phase, we are facing a 2 Energia eoliană şi alte surse regenerabile de energie în România 2013 / Wind Energy and other renewable energy sources in Romania 2013 deşi viitorul sistemul energetic este la faza incipientă historic chance to create durable foundations for the încă, ne confruntăm cu o şansă istorică de a crea bazele long-term development of modern and ecological durabile pentru dezvoltarea industriei energetice power industry. Major decisions and statutory acts moderne şi ecologice pe termen lung. Decizii majore are to be made or enacted within the upcoming şi acte legislative vor fi luate sau adoptate în lunile months. From the renewable energy point of view, viitoare. Din punct de vedere al energiei regenerabile, they are necessary more urgently than ever before. acestea sunt necesare mai urgent decât oricând. În caz Otherwise, we will irretrievably lose the high contrar, vom pierde iremediabil impulsul mare construit momentum built with quite an effort over the last cu mult efort în ultimii ani. În prealabil este necesar să years. Beforehand it is necessary to get rid of harmful se renunţe la propunerile dăunătoare de modificare a solutions proposed in the draft E-RES act, related to legii energiei regenerabile, legate de schema de sprijin. limitations of support. Având în vedere nivelul ridicat de recapitalizare a In the light of the high level
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Academia Forţelor Terestre
    “NICOLAE BĂLCESCU” LAND FORCES ACADEMY TTHHEE KKNNOOWWLLEEDDGGEE--BBAASSEEDD OORRGGAANNIIZZAATTIIOONN THE 14TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ECONOMIC SCIENCES CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS 5 27-29 NOVEMBER 2008 “NICOLAE BĂLCESCU” LAND FORCES ACADEMY PUBLISHING HOUSE SIBIU, 2008 Scientific advisors: Prof. Balteş Nicolae, PhD Assoc.Prof. Stanciu Leontin, PhD Assoc.Prof. Golea Pompiliu, PhD Asst.Prof. Merce Eugeniu, PhD Copyright: out of charge, all reproductions are authorized provided that specific references are made. “Nicolae Bălcescu” Land Forces Academy Address: 3-5 Revoluţiei Street, Sibiu Tel.: 0269/432990, Fax: 0269/215554 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] web: www.armyacademy.ro web: www.armyacademy.ro/editura The authors take full responsibility of the content of their articles. ISSN 1843 – 6722 ECONOMIC SCIENCES TABLE OF CONTENTS The Competitive Advantages of the Transports’ Intermodality in a Global Economy, Hăulică Dan, “Mircea cel Bătrân” Naval Academy, Constanţa……9 Consideration regarding the Management of Risk Insurance according to International Financial Reporting Standard 4 (IFRS 4) – Insurance Contract, Prof. Bostan Ionel, PhD, TA Grosu Veronica, “Ştefan cel Mare” University, Suceava………………………………………………………………………………….…18 Bankruptcy Risk Analysis through Financial Management, Prof. Hlaciuc Elena, PhD, TA Socoliuc Marian, ”Ştefan cel Mare” University, Suceava, Prof. Mates Dorel, PhD, West University of Timişoara……………………….…27 Competitiveness Euro Barometer of E.U. Countries, Prof. Mates Dorel, PhD, West University of Timişoara, Prof. Hlaciuc Elena, PhD, TA Socoliuc Marian, “Ştefan cel Mare” University, Suceava………………………………..…36 Wind Power – An Alternative for the Increasing European Current Energy Needs, Assoc.Prof. Ilie Georgeta, PhD, “Dimitrie Cantemir” Christian University, Bucharest…………………………………………………………………..45 The Tourism Development and the Climate Change, Assoc.Prof. Nicula Virgil, PhD, “Lucian Blaga” University, Sibiu………………………………….…54 The Exchange Rates Volatility in Romania after the EU Adhesion, Assoc.Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Gwec | Global Wind Report
    GLOBAL WIND REPORT Annual market update 2010 Foreword 2010 was a tough year for our industry, and although We are still waiting for a resolution to the global debate on cumulative market growth was still a healthy 24.1 %, the climate change and we are still waiting for any signs of a annual market decreased for the first time in about two clear pathway towards a global price on carbon. If the pace decades. The medium term consequences of the financial of the international climate negotiations during 2010 is any crisis and the economic slowdown finally took their toll, indication, we are going to have to continue to wait for and very low orders in OECD countries at the end of 2008 some time. Hopes are higher for COP17 in Durban this year and the beginning of 2009 made themselves felt in the than they were for Cancun, but few observers expect final 2010 installation totals, particularly in the United States. resolutions to the fundamental unresolved issues. Having said that, 38.3 GW of new wind power capacity was We expect that by the time this report is printed global added around the world last year, and for the first time the installed capacity will have reached 200 GW. We estimate majority of that new capacity was in developing countries that this will double again within three to four years, and emerging economies; driven mainly by the booming keeping open the option to reach GWEC’s aspirational goal wind sectors in China and India, but also with strong of 1,000 GW of installed capacity by 2020.
    [Show full text]
  • Enel Today and Tomorrow
    Enel Today & Tomorrow Hidden Costs of the Path of Coal and Carbon versus Possibilities for a Cleaner and Brighter Future SOMO Amsterdam, May 2012 SOMO is an independent research organisation. In 1973, SOMO was founded to provide civil society organizations with knowledge on the structure and organisation of multinationals by conducting independent research. SOMO has built up considerable expertise in among others the following areas: corporate accountability, financial and trade regulation and the position of developing countries regarding the financial industry and trade agreements. Furthermore, SOMO has built up knowledge of many different business fields by conducting sector studies. 2 Enel Today & Tomorrow Colophon Enel Today & Tomorrow Hidden Costs of the Path of Coal and Carbon versus Possibilities for a Cleaner and Brighter Future May 2012 Authors: Joseph Wilde-Ramsing, Kristóf Rácz, Fleur Scheele, and Peter Saaman ISBN: 978-94-6207-004-2 This publication was commissioned by Greenpeace Italy. Acknowledgements The authors wish to express their deep thanks to Lauri Myllyvirta (Greenpeace International), who has contributed significantly to the description of the methodology in section 2.2. Heartfelt thanks also goes to Andrea Boraschi and Giuseppe Onufrio (Greenpeace Italy) for their constructive comments and suggestions on various drafts of the report. Thanks also to Dr. Mike Holland (EMRC) for reviewing parts of the report (primarily the methodology) and providing suggestions for improvement. Parts of this report are based on and appear in: Saaman, P. (forthcoming). Human health effects caused by emissions from coal-fired power plants in the EU. Unpublished Bachelor's Thesis, Open Universiteit, Heerlen, NL. Enel’s response to this report SOMO provided Enel with an opportunity to provide comments on and corrections to a draft version of the corporate profile.
    [Show full text]
  • ROMANIA's ENERGY INDUSTRY
    Business Intelligence You Can Trust ROMANIA’s ENERGY INDUSTRY 2019 Dear Reader, Welcome to the 2019 edition ofRomania’s Energy Industry Report, an in-depth Director: Irina Negoita analysis of one of Europe’s most exciting energy ecosystems. Romania is the Lead Editor: Sorina Dumitru country with the lowest dependency on energy imports in Southeast Europe Analyst & Editor: Radu Dudău and prides itself with an impressive history as the very first nation in the world Media Specialist: Bianca Negoescu to explore and produce oil & gas. Graphic Designer: Flavia Negoescu This report is the result of six months of on-the-ground research, and over 90 interviews with public authorities, c-level executives, analysts and industry experts, coupled with key figures that amount to one conclusion: Romania is Business ripe with opportunity. intelligence After 160 years of exploration and production, the country still holds impres - you can sive untapped potential onshore, parts of which are expected to be revealed through the new licensing round that was just announced. Add to this the trust bountiful natural gas discoveries in the Black Sea capable of propelling Roma - nia to become an essential provider of energy security in Europe. The country is gearing up for what is an inevitable energy transition in the wake of climate concerns – upping its game in renewable energy resources, with immense potential for hydro, solar as well as wind and already boasting the largest- on shore wind farm in Europe. Fulfilling this immense potential, however,- de pends on tackling a few critical issues: unpredictable legislation, an ageing infrastructure and a shrinking talent pool.
    [Show full text]
  • Gwec | Global Wind Report
    GLOBAL WIND REPORT Annual market update 2010 Foreword 2010 was a tough year for our industry, and although We are still waiting for a resolution to the global debate on cumulative market growth was still a healthy 22.5 %, the climate change and we are still waiting for any signs of a annual market decreased for the first time in about two clear pathway towards a global price on carbon. If the pace decades. The medium term consequences of the financial of the international climate negotiations during 2010 is any crisis and the economic slowdown finally took their toll, indication, we are going to have to continue to wait for and very low orders in OECD countries at the end of 2008 some time. Hopes are higher for COP17 in Durban this year and the beginning of 2009 made themselves felt in the than they were for Cancun, but few observers expect final 2010 installation totals, particularly in the United States. resolutions to the fundamental unresolved issues. Having said that, nearly 36 GW of new wind power We expect that by the time this report is printed global capacity was added around the world last year, and for the installed capacity will have reached 200 GW. We estimate first time the majority of that new capacity was in that this will double again within three to four years, developing countries and emerging economies; driven keeping open the option to reach GWEC’s aspirational goal mainly by the booming wind sectors in China and India, but of 1,000 GW of installed capacity by 2020.
    [Show full text]
  • Romania's Offshore Wind Energy Resources
    ROMANIA’S OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY RESOURCES Natural potential, regulatory framework, and development prospects Bucharest, 2020 Romania’s Offshore Wind Energy Resources: Natural potential, regulatory framework, and development prospects STUDY BY: Energy Policy Group (EPG) Str. Fibrei 18-24, Sector 2, București www.enpg.ro, [email protected] IN COOPERATION WITH: Dunărea de Jos University of Galați (Florin Onea, Liliana Rusu and Eugen Rusu). FUNDING: This study is part of a grant awarded by the European Climate Foundation and implemented by the Energy Policy Group. AUTHORS: Mihai Bălan (Senior Research Associate, EPG), Radu Dudău (Director, EPG), Mihnea Cătuți (Senior Analyst, EPG) and Andrei Covatariu (Senior Research Associate, EPG). DISCLAIMER: The project also benefited from advice from the Romanian Wind Energy Association (RWEA), Transelectrica, Hidroelectrica and ANRE. The viewpoints presented in this report do not reflect the official positions of these organisations. PLEASE CITE AS: Energy Policy Group (2020), Romania’s Offshore Wind Energy Resources: Natural potential, regulatory framework, and development prospects, November 2020. 1 Executive summary Offshore wind power is regarded as a likely pillar in reaching net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emission by 2050, as envisioned by the European Green Deal. Europe is home to some of the world’s most significant offshore wind resources. Better tapping into this potential will be addressed in the Commission’s upcoming 2020 Offshore Wind Strategy, expected to bolster a rapid expansion of offshore wind on the continent, from the current 20 GW installed capacity to 450 GW by 2050. Offshore wind generation can offer numerous advantages: high full-load hours, high operating hours, rather low variability and, consequently, greater predictability and lower forecast errors, as well as lower balancing power needs compared to onshore wind and solar PV.
    [Show full text]