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ANSWERS to the GS QUESTION PAPER -1 HELD on 2Nd JUNE 2019 HISTORY (B) the Major Aim of Land Reforms Was Providing Agricultural Land to All the 1

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ANSWERS to the GS QUESTION PAPER -1 HELD on 2Nd JUNE 2019 HISTORY (B) the Major Aim of Land Reforms Was Providing Agricultural Land to All the 1 ANSWERS TO THE GS QUESTION PAPER -1 HELD ON 2nd JUNE 2019 HISTORY (b) The major aim of land reforms was providing agricultural land to all the 1. With reference to Mughal India, what is/are landless. the difference/differences between Jagirdar (c) It resulted in cultivation of cash crops as and Zamindar? a predominant form of cultivation. 1. Jagirdars were holders of land (d) Land reforms permitted no exemptions assignments in lieu of judicial and police to the ceiling limits. duties, whereas Zamindars were holders of revenue rights without Answer: B obligation to perform any duty other than Major weakness of Land ceiling laws was that revenue collection. they were aimed at individual holdings. It 2. Land assignments to Jagirdars were allowed many zamindars to transfer land hereditary and revenue rights of notionally to their relatives and thus escape the Zamindars were not hereditary. ceiling. The reason for land reforms was Select the correct answer using the code providing land to all landless people given below: (redistribution) because landlessness was (a) 1 only considered as one major reason of poverty and (b) 2 only exploitation. Cultivation of cash crops require (c) Both 1 and 2 much more inputs than mere availability of (d) Neither 1 nor 2 holdings. Cash crops, during British time, were induced by force while in post-independence, Answer: D major transformation for cash crops has During Akbar's period all the territory was happened where capital, market access, broadly divided into two: khalisa and jagir. The technology and irrigation are available. After the revenue from the first went to Imperial treasury Second Plan, a large numbers of exemptions and that from jagir was assigned to jagirdars in kicked in for certain categories of land – lieu of their salary in cash (naqd) according to tea/rubber plantations, orchards, dairying etc to their rank. Right to collect revenue was to utilise promote certain kind of capitalist expansion in the same for their salary and to meet their place of absentee landlordism. military obligations. The judicial and police Source – India since Independence, Chapter functions were performed locally by zamindars. 28 and 29, Bipin Chandra An important feature of the jagir system was shifting of jagir-holders from one jagir to another 3. Consider the following statements about for administrative reasons. This system of 'the Charter Act of 1813': transfers checked the jagirdars from developing 1. It ended the trade monopoly of the East local roots. Thus jagirs were transferable and India Company in India except for trade could be seized too. Zamindars on the other in tea and trade with China. hand were hereditary. The zamindars were 2. It asserted the sovereignty of the British present in practically every part of the Mughal Crown over the Indian territories held by Empire and held the most significant position in the Company. the agrarian structure of Mughal India. The 3. The revenues of India were now word zamindar is derived from two Persian controlled by the British Parliament. words-zamin (land) and dar (holder). Which of the statements given above are Source: Medieval India, Class 11 NCERT, by correct? Satish Chandra (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only 2. With reference to land reforms in (c) 1 and 3 only independent India, which one of the (d) 1, 2 and 3 following statements is correct? (a) The ceiling laws were aimed at family Answer: A holdings and not individual holdings. The 1813 Act ended the Company‘s monopoly over trade in India but the company retained 1 ANSWERS TO THE GS QUESTION PAPER -1 HELD ON 2nd JUNE 2019 trade with China and the trade in tea. So, (c) 2 and 3 only statement 1 is correct. (Spectrum 2017, 566). (d) 1, 2 and 3 The Act asserted the ―undoubted sovereignty of the Crown of the United Kingdom‖ over Indian Answer: D territories. So, statement 2 is correct (Plassey Gandhi set up All India Anti-Untouchability to Partition 2012, 79). League in September 1932. (Spectrum Page The revenues of India were controlled by the 438). British parliament through Pitts India Act 1784. The All India Kisan Sabha was founded in Source – Plassey to Partition by Sekhar Lucknow in April 1936 With Swami Sahjananda Bandyopadhyay and Spectrum History Saraswati as the president. (Spectrum Page 652). 4. With reference to Swadeshi Movement, Self-Respect Movement emerged in South consider the following statements: India under the leadership of E Ramaswamy 1. It contributed to the revival of the Naicker, ―Periyar‖ (Plassey to Partition 349). indigenous artisan crafts and industries. Source – Spectrum and Plassey to Partition 2. The National Council of Education was established as a part of Swadeshi 6. Which one of the following is not a Movement. Harappan site? Which of the statements given above is/are (a) Chanhudaro correct? (b) Kot Diji (a) 1 only (c) Sohgaura (b) 2 only (d) Desalpur (c) Both l and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Answer: C Chanhudaro and Desalpur are Harappan sites. Answer: C Kot Diji is contemporaneous to Harappan era. The Swadeshi spirit found expression in the Sohgura, on the other hand, is famous for establishment of swadeshi textile mills, soap Ashokan era inscription. and match factories, tanneries, banks etc. so it Source: Ancient India NCERT, RS Sharma contributed to the revival of the indigenous (Chapters – Harappan Civilisation, The Age artisan crafts and industries. So, statement 1 is of Mauryan) correct. On August 15, 1906, the National Council of 7. ln which of the following relief sculpture Education was set-up to organise a system of inscriptions is 'Ranyo Ashoka' (King education. Ashoka) mentioned along with the stone Source – Spectrum History 2017, 296-297 portrait of Ashoka? (a) Kanganahalli 5. Consider the following pairs: (b) Sanchi Movement/ Leader (c) Shahbazgarhi Organization (d) Sohgaura 1. All India Anti- : Mahatma Gandhi Untouchability Answer: A League Kanaganahalli is about 3 km from Sannati, 2. All India Kisan : Swami Karnataka. An important excavation site Sabha Sahajanand for Buddhist monuments. The most important Saraswati finding of the excavation include a stone 3. Self-Respect : E. V. sculptured slab bearing the name Ranyo Movement Ramaswami Ashoko. The first inscribed portrait Naicker of Ashoka (surrounded by female attendants Which of the pairs given above is/are and queens) found at Kanaganahalli correctly matched? Source: A History of Ancient and Early (a) 1 only Medieval India, Upinder Singh (b) 1 and 2 only 2 ANSWERS TO THE GS QUESTION PAPER -1 HELD ON 2nd JUNE 2019 8. Consider the following: from anyone, not in particular from eldest son 1. Deification of the Buddha only. 2. Treading the path of Bodhisattvas Source: A History of Ancient and Medieval 3. Image worship and rituals India, Upinder Singh. Which of the above is/are the feature/ features of Mahayana Buddhism? 10. Building 'Kalyaana Mandapas' was a (a) 1 only notable feature in the temple construction in (b) 1 and 2 only the kingdom of (c) 2 and 3 only (a) Chalukya (d) 1, 2 and 3 (b) Chandela (c) Rashtrakuta Answer: D (d) Vijayanagara Mahayana Buddhism is one of two main existing branches of Buddhism (the other Answer: D being Theravada). It started considering Kalyana Mandapas meant to celebrate divine Buddha as a god rather than a great teacher weddings was a notable feature of the and began worshipping Buddha‘s images. It Vijaynagara Kingdom. also has a whole cosmology of gods and Source – Themes in Indian History II, Page goddesses as well as various Bodhisattvas 186 seeking complete enlightenment for the benefit of all sentient beings. In fact, the teachings of 11. Consider the following statements: Mahayana are also nothing but treating the path 1. In the revenue administration of Delhi of various Bodhisattvas. Sultanate, the in-charge of revenue Source – A History of Ancient and Early collection was known as'Amil'. Medieval India, Upinder Singh. Chapter 8 – 2. The Iqta system of Sultans of Delhi was Interactions and Innovations (200BCE- an ancient indigenous institution. 200CE) 3. The office of 'Mir Bakshi' came into existence during the reign of Khalji 9. With reference to forced labour (Vishti) in Sultans of Delhi. India during the Gupta period, which one of Which of the statements given above is/are the following statements is correct? correct? (a) It was considered a source of income for (a) 1 only the State, a sort of tax paid by the (b) 1 and 2 only people. (c) 3 only (b) It was totally absent in the Madhya (d) 1, 2 and 3 Pradesh and Kathiawar regions of the Gupta Empire. Answer: A (c)The forced labourer was entitled to Amils were officers deputed to collect revenue weekly wages. during the sultanate era in North India. Mir (d) The eldest son of the labourer was sent Bakshi, on the other hand, was a Mughal high as the forced labourer. office in charge of military pay and accounts. Iqta system of land control was introduced in Answer: A India by the Delhi sultans. It was originally of Vishti was form of forced labour extracted by Central Asian and West Asian origin. either state, provincial governor or local chief. It Source: Medieval India, NCERT Satish is also mentioned on Gupta era copper Chandra inscriptions that enlist variety of taxes. Junagarh inscription mentions vishti as one 12. Consider the following statements: form of tax, which indicates that it was extracted 1. Saint Nimbarka was a contemporary of from Gujarat and Malwa region. Since it was a Akbar. forced labour in lieu of tax, it was not a wage 2. Saint Kabir was greatly influenced by labour. Wage labour existed in ancient India but Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi.
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