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Obelynės Istorija Ir Dabartis Zigmas Kalesinskas OBELYNĖS ISTORIJA IR DABARTIS 1 OBELYNĖS ISTORIJA IR DABARTIS OBELYNĖ HISTORY AND PRESENT Obelynė, Kauno r. 2019 2 1 Zigmas Kalesinskas OBELYNĖS ISTORIJA IR DABARTIS ISBN 978-609-95808-6-9 © Autorius Zigmas Kalesinskas © Dizaineris Darius Petreikis © „Kauno rajono muziejus“ Leidinys išleistas įgyvendinant projektą „Senųjų tradicinių sodo, daržo ir dekoratyvinių augalų atgimimas: Paveldo sodų turas“. Projektą finansuoja 2014–2020 m. INTERREG V-A Latvijos ir Lietuvos programa Projektą iš dalies remia Kauno rajono savivaldybė PAVELDO SODAI / HeritaGE GARDENS 2 3 PAVELDO SODAI PROJEKTO PARTNERIAI: Leidinys parengtas įgyvendinant projektą „Senųjų tradici- Lietuvos agrarinių ir miškų mokslo centras nių sodo, daržo ir dekoratyvinių augalų atgimimas: Pavel- www.lammc.lt do sodų turas“. Projektą finansuoja 2014–2020 m. INTER- REG V-A Latvijos ir Lietuvos programa. Latvijos sodininkystės institutas www.darzkopibasinstituts.lv Projekto tikslas yra išsaugoti istorines tradicines sodo ir daržo augalų veisles, skatinti jų paplitimą bei sodinin- Latvijos kaimo turizmo asociacija „Lauku cejotajs“ kystės tradicijų puoselėjimą. Sodininkystės ekspertai iš www.celotajs.lv Latvijos ir Lietuvos padėjo senuosiuose soduose atpažin- ti išlikusių senųjų veislių augalus, o turizmo specialistai Lietuvos kaimo turizmo asociacija pasiūlė rinkai naują turizmo produktą – Paveldo sodus. www.atostogos kaime.lt Tarpvalstybinio projekto dėka abiejų sričių ekspertai ap- sikeitė gerąja patirtimi ir žiniomis, turimų senų augalų Rundalės muziejus Latvijoje veislių pavyzdžiais, konsultavo senų sodų augintojus, o http://rundale.net žiniasklaidoje atsirado švietėjiškos informacijos apie se- nąsias tradicines veisles ir būtinybę jas išsaugoti ateities Kauno rajono muziejus kartoms. Projektas apima ne tik senųjų veislių populia- www.krmuziejus.lt rinimą, tačiau ir užaugintų produktų perdirbimą, suku- riant naujų skonių gaminius. Latvijos ir Lietuvos kaimo PROJEKTO PUSLAPIS: turizmo asociacijos yra atsakingos už naujo turizmo pro- http://latlit.eu/lli-181-revival-of-old-traditional-fruit-vegetable- dukto rinkodarą ir pristatymą rinkai. Sukurti maršrutai, and-ornamental-plants-and-their-products-heritage-gardens- skirti sodininkystės mėgėjams, supažindina su projekto tour-heritage-gardens eigoje atrinktais vertingais objektais, o parengta metodi- nė medžiaga informuoja paveldo sodų savininkus ir sodi- ninkystės entuziastus apie teorines ir praktines produkto Šis leidinys parengtas iš Europos Sąjungos finansinės paramos kūrimo galimybes. Įgyvendinant projekto veiklas taip pat lėšų. Už šio leidinio turinį atsako LAMMC Sodininkystės ir darži- pagerinta prof. T. Ivanausko „Obelynės“ sodybos ir Run- ninkystės institutas. Jokiomis aplinkybėmis negali būti laikoma, dalės rūmų infrastruktūra, sukurtas istorinis sodas. Pro- kad jis atspindi Europos Sąjungos nuomonę. jekto partneriai, įgyję naujos patirties ir žinių, puoselės Paveldo sodų turizmo produktus, skatins aktyvų kaimyni- nių valstybių turistų srautų augimą bei užtikrins projekto tikslų įgyvendinimą ir tęstinumą. Visas projekto biudžetas – 830 733 EUR. Iš jų – Europos regio- ninės plėtros fondo bendrasis finansavimas – 706 123 EUR. 4 5 HeritaGE GARDENS products of Heritage Gardens, promote the growth of acti- ve tourist flow from the neighbouring countries and ensu- The publication has been prepared within the framework re implementation and continuity of the project goals. of the project “Revival of old traditional fruit, vegetable and ornamental plants and their products: Heritage Gardens The project budget totals 830,733 EUR. Of these, cofounding Tour”, funded by the European Union under the INTERREG from the European Regional Development Fund accounts V-A Latvia–Lithuania Programme 2014–2020. from 706,123 EUR. The aim of the project is to preserve the historical / tradi- tional cultivars of orchard and garden plants, to promote THE PROJECT PARTNERS: their spread and to foster horticultural traditions. Horti- cultural experts from Latvia and Lithuania have helped to Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture LAMMC www.lammc.lt identify the plants of the old cultivars that have survived in the old gardens, and tourism specialists have offered Latvian Institute of Horticulture a new product – Heritage Gardens – to the tourism mar- www.darzkopibasinstituts.lv ket. Thanks to the cross-border project, experts from both fields have exchanged the good experience and knowledge The Latvian country tourism association “Lauku celotajs” as well as specimens of plants of the old cultivars, provi- www.celotajs.lv ded advice on management of old orchards; educational in- formation about the old traditional cultivars and necessity The Lithuanian Countryside Tourism Association www.atostogoskaime.lt to preserve them for future generations has appeared on the media. The project involves not only promotion of the The Rundale Palace Museum old cultivars, but also processing of the cultivated produce http://rundale.net and development of new flavours. Latvian and Lithuanian rural tourism associations are responsible for the marke- The Kaunas Region museum ting and presentation of the new tourism product to the www.krmuziejus.lt market. The developed routes, intended for horticultural lovers, introduce the valuable objects selected during the PROJECT WEBPAGE: https://latlit.eu/lli-181-revival-of-old-traditional-fruit-vegetable- course of the project, and the developed methodological and-ornamental-plants-and-their-products-heritage-gardens-tour- and informative material enlightens the owners of heri- heritage-gardens/ tage gardens and horticultural enthusiasts about the the- oretical and practical possibilities of product development. This publication has been produced with the financial assistance During the implementation of the project activities, the inf- of the European Union. The contents of this publication are the rastructure of prof. T. Ivanauskas’ “Obelynė” homestead sole responsibility of the Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture, and Rundale palace has been improved, a historical gar- LAMMC and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting den has been created. Having gained the new experience the position of the European Union. and knowledge, the project partners will foster the tourism 6 7 TADO IvanaUSKO šEIMOS BIOGraFINIAI FAKtai IR JO VEIKla 8 9 TADAS IVANAUSKAS (1882–1970), Lietuvos gamtinin- kas, rašytojas, biologijos mokslų daktaras, profeso- rius, akademikas, Lietuvos šaulių sąjungos narys, gimė 1882 m. gruodžio 16 d. Lebiodkoje, Varanavo valsčiu- je, Lydos apskrityje, tuometinėje Rusijos imperijoje (dabar – Baltarusija). Tėvas – Leonardas Ivanauskas (1845–1919), Rogalos her- bo bajoras, baigęs Vilniaus gimnaziją, Sankt Peterburgo universitete įgijo inžinieriaus chemiko, technologo specia- lybę. Jis kurį laiką vadovavo chemijos gamyklų statyboms Sibire, Urale ir kitose Rusijos vietose. Anglijoje, Londono karališkojoje chemikų draugijoje, vertė žymaus chemiko rusų mokslininko Dmitrijaus Mendelejevo pranešimą, buvo jo bendradarbis. Nors nemokėjo lietuvių kalbos, L. Ivanauskas save laikė lietuviu, rūpinosi savo krašto žmonių švietimu1, daug jėgų Tėvas – Rogalos bajoras Jadwiga von Reichel Ivanauskienė – skyrė kultūrai, lietuvybei, todėl pelnė visų pagarbą. Jis buvo Leonardas Ivanauskas Tado Ivanausko motina Rusijos imperijos tarnautojas ir mokslininkas, vedęs baro- naitę Jadvygą fon Reichel (Jadwiga von Reichel, 1857–1934)2, etninę vokietę, gyvenusią centrinėje Lenkijoje. T. Ivanausko broliai: Ježis Ivanovskis (lenk. Jerzy Iwanows- ki, 1878–1965) – Lenkijos visuomenės veikėjas, Vidurinės Leonardas ir Jadvyga buvo paskutiniai Lenkijos ir Lietu- Lenkijos užsienio reikalų ministras; Vaclavas Ivanovskis vos sąjungos kohortos nariai, galintys reikalauti iš savo (lenk. Wacław Iwanowski, 1880–1943) – Baltarusijos Liau- vaikų kultūrinės ištikimybės daugiatautei ir daugiafunk- dies Respublikos švietimo ministras, 1941–1943 m. Minsko cinei valstybei, kuri savo klestėjimo viršūnėje, XVI–XVII a. burmistras; Stanislavas Ivanovskis (lenk. Stanisław Iwa- pradžioje, buvo viena didžiausių valstybių Europoje. 3 nowski, 1887–1970)4 – Vilniaus advokatas, vėliau išvykęs į Lenkiją ir ten gyvenęs iki mirties. Palaidotas Gdanske. Nuo pat vaikystės Ivanauskai savo sūnui Tadui sudarė są- 1 [Žiūrėta 2019 m. vasario 13 d.]. Prieiga per internetą: https://howlingpixel.com/ilt/ Leonardas_Ivanauskas lygas domėtis jį supančia gamta – „... aistringas bitinin- 2 LEWIS, Simon. Belarus – Alternative Visions – Nation, Memory and Cosmopolitanism. kas Jasiukas, su kuriuo išeidavo prie kūdros, peržengė New York, 2019. [Žiūrėta 2019 m. vasario 28 d.]. Prieiga per internetą: https://books. gimtosios Lebiodkos sodo tankų liepų aptvarą ir išvydo google.lt/books?id=KsV1DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT22&lpg=PT22&dq=Jadwiga+von+Reichel&so urce=bl&ots=0ibKwK5ubo&sig=ACfU3U1S_117Wocf9hqokw6B6avVPpscWg&hl=lt&sa=X beržais kaišytus vieškelius, Keturkių pelkę, kai iškyloms &ved=2ahUKEwi6h6voqJTjAhWulYsKHVd5AgcQ6AEwDHoECAcQAQ#v=onepage&q=Jadw iga%20von%20Reichel&f=false. 4 [Žiūrėta 2019 m. vasario 28 d.]. Prieiga per internetą: https://billiongraves.com/grave/ 3 Ten pat. StanislawIwanowski/10059890 10 11 į gamtą vadovavo tėvų samdytas Danelis, iš kurio pirmo Peterburge. 1913 m. jie susituokė liuteronų bažnyčioje išgirdo apie Darviną. Įspūdingos kelionės buvo prie Ne- Vilniuje. Jaunieji sąmoningai apsisprendė keisti tikėjimą, muno ir už jo į miškus, kur teka Ščiara. O kur tie pasauliai, siekdami gauti bažnytinę santuoką, mat T. Ivanauskas kurių paslaptį jaunoje vaizduotėje
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