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Cobol Inhaltsverzeichnis cobol #cobol Inhaltsverzeichnis Über 1 Kapitel 1: Erste Schritte mit Cobol 2 Bemerkungen 2 Standard-Spezifikation 2 Hauptanwendungsbereich 2 Kategorie 2 Dezimalmath 3 Geschichte 3 Struktur 3 Datenbeschreibungen 3 Verfahrensanweisungen 4 Examples 4 Hallo Welt 4 Installieren Sie gnu-cobol unter Mac OS X 6 Kapitel 2: ACCEPT-Anweisung 7 Bemerkungen 7 Examples 8 ACCEPT-Anweisung 8 Kapitel 3: ADD-Anweisung 10 Bemerkungen 10 Examples 10 ADD-Anweisung 10 Kapitel 4: ALLOCATE-Anweisung 12 Bemerkungen 12 Examples 12 ALLOCATE-Anweisung 12 Kapitel 5: ALTER-Anweisung 13 Bemerkungen 13 Examples 13 Ein erfundenes Beispiel mit ALTER 13 Kapitel 6: CALL-Anweisung 15 Bemerkungen 15 Examples 16 CALL-Anweisung 16 SCHLAFENSZEIT 17 mikrofokus weg 18 Thread-Verzögerungsdienst der z / OS-Sprachumgebung verwenden 18 Kapitel 7: CANCEL-Anweisung 20 Bemerkungen 20 Examples 20 CANCEL-Anweisung 20 Kapitel 8: COMMIT-Anweisung 21 Bemerkungen 21 Examples 21 COMMIT-Anweisung 21 Kapitel 9: COMPUTE-Anweisung 22 Bemerkungen 22 Examples 22 Hinweis: Verwenden Sie Leerzeichen um alle Komponenten 22 Kapitel 10: CONTINUE-Anweisung 24 Bemerkungen 24 Examples 24 Platzhalter 24 Kapitel 11: COPY-Direktive 25 Bemerkungen 25 Examples 25 COPY Record-Layout. 25 Kapitel 12: Datenaufteilung 27 Einführung 27 Examples 27 Abschnitte in der Datenabteilung 27 Level-Nummer 27 Bildklausel 28 Kapitel 13: DELETE-Anweisung 29 Bemerkungen 29 Examples 29 Datensatz löschen, Primärschlüsselfeld eingeben 29 Kapitel 14: DISPLAY-Anweisung 31 Bemerkungen 31 Examples 31 ANZEIGE ANZEIGE 31 Kapitel 15: DIVIDE-Anweisung 33 Bemerkungen 33 Examples 34 DIVIDE-Anweisungsformate 34 Kapitel 16: EVALUATE-Anweisung 35 Bemerkungen 35 Examples 35 Eine drei Bedingung EVALUATE 35 Kapitel 17: EXIT-Anweisung 36 Bemerkungen 36 Examples 36 EXIT-Anweisung 36 Kapitel 18: GENERATE-Anweisung 37 Bemerkungen 37 Examples 37 GENERIEREN Sie eine Detailzeile 37 Kapitel 19: GnuCOBOL-Installation mit GNU / Linux 38 Examples 38 GNU / Linux installieren 38 Kapitel 20: GO TO-Anweisung 41 Bemerkungen 41 Examples 41 GO-Anweisung 41 Kapitel 21: GOBACK-Anweisung 42 Bemerkungen 42 Examples 42 GEH ZURÜCK 42 Kapitel 22: IF-Anweisung 43 Bemerkungen 43 Examples 43 WENN mit Shortform-Bedingungen 43 Kapitel 23: INITIALIZE-Anweisung 44 Bemerkungen 44 Examples 44 Verschiedene INITIALIZE-Klauseln 44 Kapitel 24: INITIATE-Anweisung 46 Bemerkungen 46 Examples 46 INITIATE-Steuerungsvariablen 46 Kapitel 25: INSPECT-Anweisung 47 Bemerkungen 47 Examples 47 INSPECT Neuformatieren einer Datumszeile 48 Kapitel 26: Intrinsische Funktionen 49 Einführung 49 Bemerkungen 49 Examples 51 FUNCTION TRIM-Beispiel 51 UPPER-CASE 52 LOWER-CASE-Funktion 52 Kapitel 27: KOSTENLOSER Auszug 53 Bemerkungen 53 Examples 53 KOSTENLOS eine Zuteilung 53 Kapitel 28: MERGE-Anweisung 54 Bemerkungen 54 Examples 54 MERGE regionale Daten in Master 54 Kapitel 29: MOVE-Anweisung 57 Bemerkungen 57 Examples 57 Einige MOVE-Details gibt es viele 57 Kapitel 30: MULTIPLY-Anweisung 59 Bemerkungen 59 Examples 59 Einige MULTIPLY-Formate 59 Kapitel 31: OPEN-Anweisung 61 Bemerkungen 61 Examples 61 OPEN-Beispiel mit LINAGE-Minibericht 61 Kapitel 32: PERFORM-Anweisung 64 Bemerkungen 64 Examples 65 Inline PERFORM VARYING 65 Prozedural PERFORM 65 Kapitel 33: READ-Anweisung 66 Bemerkungen 66 Examples 66 Einfaches Lesen von FD 66 Kapitel 34: RELEASE-Anweisung 67 Bemerkungen 67 Examples 67 FREIGABE einen Datensatz zu einem SORT-EINGABEVERFAHREN 67 Kapitel 35: REPLACE-Direktive 70 Bemerkungen 70 Examples 70 REPLACE-Textbearbeitungsbeispiel 70 Kapitel 36: RETURN-Anweisung 71 Bemerkungen 71 Examples 71 SENDEN Sie einen Datensatz zum SORTIEREN DES AUSGABEVERFAHRENS 71 Kapitel 37: REWRITE-Anweisung 74 Bemerkungen 74 Examples 74 REWRITE von Datensätzen in einer RELATIVE-Zugriffsdatei 74 Kapitel 38: SEARCH-Anweisung 78 Bemerkungen 78 Examples 79 Lineares SUCHEN 79 Binär Alle suchen 80 Kapitel 39: SET-Anweisung 83 Bemerkungen 83 Examples 84 SET-Zeigerbeispiel 84 Kapitel 40: SORT-Anweisung 86 Bemerkungen 86 Examples 87 Sortierung von Standard zu Standard aus 87 Kapitel 41: START-Anweisung 89 Bemerkungen 89 Examples 90 START-Beispiel 90 Kapitel 42: STOP-Anweisung 91 Bemerkungen 91 Examples 91 STOP RUN 91 Kapitel 43: String 92 Examples 92 STRINGVAL ... Move -versus- STRING 92 Kein Beispiel, aber .... 93 Kapitel 44: STRING-Anweisung 94 Bemerkungen 94 Examples 94 STRING-Beispiel für C-Zeichenfolgen 94 Kapitel 45: SUBTRACT-Anweisung 95 Bemerkungen 95 Examples 95 SUBTRACT-Beispiel 96 Kapitel 46: SUPPRESS-Anweisung 97 Bemerkungen 97 Examples 97 SUPPRESS-Beispiel 97 Kapitel 47: TERMINATE-Anweisung 98 Bemerkungen 98 Examples 98 TERMINATE-Beispiel 98 Kapitel 48: UNLOCK-Anweisung 99 Bemerkungen 99 Examples 99 UNLOCK-Datensatz von einem Dateiconnector 99 Kapitel 49: UNSTRING-Anweisung 100 Bemerkungen 100 Examples 100 Beispiel UNSTRING 100 Kapitel 50: USE-Anweisung 102 Bemerkungen 102 Examples 102 USE-Anweisung mit Report Writer DECLARATIVES 102 Kapitel 51: Wie funktioniert die Berechnung in Cobol? 105 Einführung 105 Examples 105 COMP-3 105 Gemeinsame Implementierungen 105 Kapitel 52: WRITE-Anweisung 107 Bemerkungen 107 Examples 108 Beispiele schreiben 108 Credits 109 Über You can share this PDF with anyone you feel could benefit from it, downloaded the latest version from: cobol It is an unofficial and free cobol ebook created for educational purposes. All the content is extracted from Stack Overflow Documentation, which is written by many hardworking individuals at Stack Overflow. It is neither affiliated with Stack Overflow nor official cobol. The content is released under Creative Commons BY-SA, and the list of contributors to each chapter are provided in the credits section at the end of this book. Images may be copyright of their respective owners unless otherwise specified. All trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective company owners. Use the content presented in this book at your own risk; it is not guaranteed to be correct nor accurate, please send your feedback and corrections to [email protected] https://riptutorial.com/de/home 1 Kapitel 1: Erste Schritte mit Cobol Bemerkungen COBOL ist die CO mmon B usiness O Programmierung L anguage riented. Obwohl es sich zu einem aussprechbaren Namen entwickelt hat, wird COBOL vom Standardisierungskomitee immer noch als Akronym behandelt, und COBOL wird von den ISO- und INCITS-Normungsgremien bevorzugt. Standard-Spezifikation Die aktuelle Spezifikation ist ISO / IEC 1989: 2014 Informationstechnik - Programmiersprachen, ihre Umgebungen und System-Software-Schnittstellen - Programmiersprache COBOL Dieses Dokument wurde im Mai 2014 veröffentlicht und kann von verschiedenen Zweigniederlassungen von Normungsgremien erworben werden, die offiziell unter der Adresse "Homed" bei "" sind http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=51416 Hauptanwendungsbereich Geschäftsorientiert. Das bedeutet normalerweise Transaktionsverarbeitung. Banken, Regierungsbehörden und die Versicherungsbranche sind wichtige Bereiche der Bereitstellung von COBOL-Anwendungen. Auf IBM-Mainframe-Systemen ist normalerweise ein COBOL-Compiler installiert. Es gibt mehr als 300 COBOL-Dialekte, wobei etwa zehn Versionen den Löwenanteil der Bereitstellungen ausmachen. Die meisten dieser Compiler sind proprietäre Systeme, es steht jedoch auch freie Software COBOL zur Verfügung. Kategorie COBOL ist eine prozedurale, zwingende, kompilierte Programmiersprache. Ab der COBOL 2002- Spezifikation wurden objektorientierte Funktionen zum Standard hinzugefügt. COBOL ist eine sehr ausführliche Programmiersprache. Obwohl algebraische Form erlaubt ist: COMPUTE I = R * B Die ursprüngliche Absicht bestand darin, vollständige Wörter für Berechnungsbeschreibungen und Datenmanipulationen zu verwenden: MULTIPLY INTEREST-RATE BY BALANCE GIVING CURRENT-INTEREST ROUNDED MODE IS NEAREST-EVEN https://riptutorial.com/de/home 2 Diese Designentscheidung hat sowohl Verfechter als auch Kritiker. Einige halten es für zu ausführlich, während andere argumentieren, dass die Syntax eine bessere Lesbarkeit in einer geschäftlichen Umgebung zulässt. Dezimalmath Im Gegensatz zu den meisten Sprachen, die eine binäre interne Darstellung verwenden, basiert COBOL auf Dezimalarithmetik. Die COBOL-Spezifikation erfordert sehr genaue Festkomma- Dezimalberechnungen, ein Aspekt der Sprache, der in Finanzsektoren sehr geschätzt wird. COBOL erlaubt auch USAGE BINARY, neigt jedoch zu Dezimaldarstellungen (Basis-10). Geschichte COBOL stammt aus den späten 1950er Jahren, erste Implementierungen wurden 1960 veröffentlicht. US-amerikanischer Marine-Konteradmiral Grace Hopper wird häufig mit COBOL in Verbindung gebracht und im Frühstadium der Entwicklung für die Sprache eingesetzt. Sie war nicht die einzige Person, die auf jeden Fall an der Gestaltung und Entwicklung von COBOL beteiligt war, sondern wird oft als Mutter von COBOL bezeichnet. Aufgrund der frühzeitigen Unterstützung von Regierungen und großen Unternehmen ist COBOL seit vielen Jahrzehnten im Einsatz. Für manche bleibt es ein Stolz, für andere ein Dorn im Auge, die es für veraltet halten. Die Wahrheit liegt wahrscheinlich irgendwo zwischen diesen extremen Ansichten. Wenn es auf die Transaktionsverarbeitung angewendet wird, ist COBOL zu Hause. Bei der Anwendung auf moderne Web-Screens und Netzwerkanwendungen fühlt es sich möglicherweise nicht so angenehm an. Struktur COBOL-Programme sind in vier verschiedenen Abteilungen geschrieben. • IDENTIFIZIERUNGSABTEILUNG • UMWELTABTEILUNG • DATENABTEILUNG • VERFAHRENSABTEILUNG Datenbeschreibungen COBOL
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