Hispania Citerior)
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The Use of Alcover Stone in Roman Times (Tarraco, Hispania Citerior)
ASMOSIA PROCEEDINGS: ASMOSIA I, N. HERZ, M. WAELKENS (eds.): Classical Marble: Geochemistry, Technology, Trade, Dordrecht/Boston/London,1988. e n ASMOSIA II, M. WAELKENS, N. HERZ, L. MOENS (eds.): o t Ancient Stones: Quarrying, Trade and Provenance – S Interdisciplinary Studies on Stones and Stone Technology in t Europe and Near East from the Prehistoric to the Early n Christian Period, Leuven 1992. e i ASMOSIA III, Y. MANIATIS, N. HERZ, Y. BASIAKOS (eds.): c The Study of Marble and Other Stones Used in Antiquity, n London 1995. A ASMOSIA IV, M. SCHVOERER (ed.): Archéomatéiaux – n Marbres et Autres Roches. Actes de la IVème Conférence o Internationale de l’Association pour l’Étude des Marbres et s Autres Roches Utilisés dans le Passé, Bordeaux-Talence 1999. e i d ASMOSIA V, J. HERRMANN, N. HERZ, R. NEWMAN (eds.): u ASMOSIA 5, Interdisciplinary Studies on Ancient Stone – t Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference of the S Association for the Study of Marble and Other Stones in y Antiquity, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, June 1998, London r 2002. a n ASMOSIA VI, L. LAZZARINI (ed.): Interdisciplinary Studies i on Ancient Stone – ASMOSIA VI, Proceedings of the Sixth l p International Conference of the Association for the Study of i Marble and Other Stones in Antiquity, Padova 2002. c s i ASMOSIA VII, Y. MANIATIS (ed.): Actes du VIIe colloque in- d ternational de l’ASMOSIA, Thasos 15-20 septembre 2003, r Proceedings of the 7th International Conference of e ASMOSIA XI Association for the Study of Marble and Other Stones in t n Interdisciplinary Studies on Ancient Stone Antiquity, Thassos 15-20 septembre 2003, BCH supplement I 51, Athènes 2009. -
Tarraco Tardorepublicana
TARRACO TARDOREPUBLICANA Late Republican Tarraco LUIS AMELA VALVERDE Grupo CEIPAC. Universidad de Barcelona RESUMEN: El presente artículo aborda la problemática de la posición de la ciudad de Tarraco (Tarragona) duran- te el enfrentamiento entre cesarianos y pompeyanos (49-44 a.C.), que finalizaría en la conversión de la población en una colonia romana. Análisis de los datos anteriormente conocidos (citas de las fuentes literarias y epígrafes en honor a Pompeyo Magno y Mucio Escévola), así como los nuevos estudios obtenidos a partir de la publicación de nuevos epígrafes. ABSTRACT.This article approaches the problem of the position of the city of Tarraco (Tarragona) during the con- frontation between Caesareans and Pompeians (49-44 BC), ending in the conversion of the city in a Roman colo- ny. Analysis of previously known information (quotes from literary sources and inscriptions in honor of Pompey the Great and Mucius Scaevola), as well as new studies obtained after publication of new inscriptions. Tarraco, Scipionum opus sicut Carthago phoenorum (Plin. HN 3, 21), fue la principal base romana en Hispania en tiempos de la conquista. Se encontraba tan solo a cinco días de navegación de Roma1 y, por el valle del Francolí, se accedía valle del Ebro. Tarraco era junto a Carthago Nova, a finales de la Re- pública, una de las ciudades de Hispania más destacadas desde un punto de vista económico, político y administrativo2; quizás esta población fuese la capital de la provincia de la Hispania Citerior a partir del año 197 a.C.3, como mostraría 1 Blázquez, 1975, 93 niega que Tarraco tuviera mal puerto, como afirma Estrabón (Str. -
People of Carthago Noua (Hispania Citerior). Juridical Status and Onomastics
Studia Antiqua et Archaeologica 23(1): 21–36 People of Carthago Noua (Hispania Citerior). Juridical status and onomastics M. Cristina DE LA ESCOSURA BALBAS1 Abstract. The conquest of Carthago Noua in the summer of 209 BC was a traumatic moment of change for the Punic capital on the Iberian Peninsula. Literary sources tell us about its unique geographical position and its flourishing economy based on mining and port activities, but do not mention its political situation. What happened to their citizens? What was their legal status until the promotion to Roman colony at the end of the Republican era? In order to look for an answer to this problem, an onomastic database has been created, identifying the inhabitants of Carthago Noua with epigraphic mentions since 209 BC until the end of 1st century BC. Getting over the traditional separation between prosopography and epigraphy, this study seeks to make an interdisciplinary analysis with the main characteristics of both disciplines. The results show us a profoundly Romanized society since its conquest where the names of the Roman gentes were transmitted through the Republican era to the Empire on duo/tria nomina structures, which could only exist under specific legal conditions. This gives us important clues to explore the legal status of the city in the Republican era, probably a Latin colony. Rezumat. Cucerirea cetății Carthago Noua în vara anului 209 a.Chr. a constituit un moment traumatizant al schimbării pentru fosta capitală punică a Peninsulei Iberice. Izvoarele literare ne vorbesc despre o poziție geografică privilegiată și despre o economie înfloritoare bazată pe activități miniere și portuare, dar nu menționează și situația politică a cetății. -
Catalonia Is a Country: World Heritage
CATALONIA IS A COUNTRY: WORLD HERITAGE AND REGIONAL NATIONALISM by MATTHEW WORTH LANDERS A THESIS Presented to the Department ofGeography and the Graduate School ofthe University ofOregon in partial fulfillment ofthe requirements for the degree of Master ofArts March 2010 11 "Catalonia Is a Country: World Heritage and Regional Nationalism," a thesis prepared by Matthew Worth Landers in partial fulfillment ofthe requirements for the Master ofArts degree in the Department ofGeography. This thesis has been approved and accepted by: Dr. Alexander B. Murphy, Chair ofthe Examining Committee Date Committee in Charge: Dr. Alexander B. Murphy, Chair Dr. Xiaobo Su Accepted by: Dean ofthe Graduate School 111 © 2010 Matthew Worth Landers IV An Abstract ofthe Thesis of Matthew Worth Landers for the degree of Master ofArts in the Department ofGeography to be taken March 2010 Title: CATALONIA IS A COUNTRY: WORLD HERITAGE AND REGIONAL NATIONALISM Approved: Alexander B. Murphy Since 1975, the Spanish autonomous region ofCatalonia has been renegotiating its political and cultural place within Spain. The designation and promotion ofplaces within Catalonia as World Heritage Sites-a matter over which regional authorities have competency-provides insights into the national and territorial ideas that have emerged in recent decades. This study ofthe selection and portrayal ofWorld Heritage sites by Turisme de Cata1unya shows that the sites reflect a view ofthe region as 1) home to a distinct cultural group, 2) a place with an ancient past, and 3) a place with a history of territorial autonomy. These characteristics suggest that even though many Catalan regionalists seek a novel territorial status that is neither independent ofnor subservient to the Spanish state, the dominant territorial norms ofthe modem state system continue to be at the heart ofthe Catalan nation-building project. -
Discover the Natural Beauty & Complex History of Catalonia • Appreciate
Discover the natural beauty & complex history of Catalonia Appreciate charming Girona, nestled on the banks of the Onyar River Explore Roman archaeology in Tarragona & visit the magnificent monastery of Poblet Understand the Catalan character through the architectural legacy of Modernisme found in Barcelona Stay in two centrally located historic hotels in Barcelona (5*) & Girona (4*) Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona Catalonia, with its fertile plains and sunny shores, is one of the most distinctive and beautiful regions in Spain. With its own language as well as a markedly defined culture, cuisine and character, it is made up of four provinces: inland Lleida and coastal Girona, Barcelona and Tarragona, the latter three of which we shall visit. As you will discover, many of the Catalan people feel a proud ‘independentista’ spirit, rooted in a turbulent past where they have been forced to defend their national identity, again and again. The former Greek colony of Emporion (“Trading Place”) in north eastern Spain became a strategic settlement through the wars between Rome and Carthage, then with the arrival of the Romans in the early third century BC came the development of the great metropolis, Tarraco (capital of Hispania Citerior) and the important city of Barcino. After the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, Catalonia was ruled by the Visigoths until Muslim conquest in 718, which (unlike within the rest of Spain) here lasted only eighty years before being pushed back by the Franks. The architectural legacy of the Arabs can be seen alongside Girona’s beautifully restored monuments, spreading out from the cathedral where the Arab inspired baths are found next to the old Jewish quarter, Romanesque churches and Benedictine monasteries. -
Identifying Global and Local Ritual Traditions in Roman Provincial Capitals of Hispania
Bailey Franzoi Peter van Dommelen ARCH 2630: Global Romans and Indigenous Persistence December 20, 2018 Identifying Global and Local Ritual Traditions in Roman Provincial Capitals of Hispania Recent archaeological scholarship has continuously been moving away from the narratives of ‘Romanization’ first put forward by 19th and early 20th century scholars such as Theodor Mommsen, Francis Haverfield, and Camille Jullian. In this paper, I aim to do so by looking at the Roman provincial capitals of Corduba and Tarraco and the observable differences in ritual traditions between the Iron Age and the Roman period in those cities, and fitting these patterns of continuity and change into the broader narrative of globalization due to Roman imperial conquest in the Mediterranean. Colonia Patricia, named Corduba during the Roman Republic and now known as modern Cordóba, is located on a hill on the Guadalquivir River. Indeed, it is one of two provincial capitals in Spain (out of three) that is strategically positioned on a major river in Spain, and played a crucial role in transporting the rich mineral and agrarian products of the region out to sea.1 Some of these key goods were olives and olive oil, and an analysis of the pottery at Monte Testaccio in Rome has revealed that around 149 CE, a known Valerii family exported some of the fragments found in Rome from Corduba, as well as other Roman cities in Spain such as those associated with modern Écija and Seville.2 The mineral deposits of the region were exploited through intense mining in the area. So important were these mines to the wealth of southern 1 Curchin, Leonard A., Roman Spain: Conquest and Assimilation. -
The Archaeology of Roman Surveillance in the Central Alentejo, Portugal
THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF ROMAN SURVEILLANCE IN THE CENTRAL ALENTEJO, PORTUGAL CALIFORNIA CLASSICAL STUDIES NUMBER 5 Editorial Board Chair: Donald Mastronarde Editorial Board: Alessandro Barchiesi, Todd Hickey, Emily Mackil, Richard Martin, Robert Morstein-Marx, J. Theodore Peña, Kim Shelton California Classical Studies publishes peer-reviewed long-form scholarship with online open access and print-on-demand availability. The primary aim of the series is to disseminate basic research (editing and analysis of primary materials both textual and physical), data-heavy re- search, and highly specialized research of the kind that is either hard to place with the leading publishers in Classics or extremely expensive for libraries and individuals when produced by a leading academic publisher. In addition to promoting archaeological publications, papyrolog- ical and epigraphic studies, technical textual studies, and the like, the series will also produce selected titles of a more general profile. The startup phase of this project (2013–2017) is supported by a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. Also in the series: Number 1: Leslie Kurke, The Traffic in Praise: Pindar and the Poetics of Social Economy, 2013 Number 2: Edward Courtney, A Commentary on the Satires of Juvenal, 2013 Number 3: Mark Griffith, Greek Satyr Play: Five Studies, 2015 Number 4: Mirjam Kotwick, Alexander of Aphrodisias and the Text of Aristotle’s Meta- physics, 2016 THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF ROMAN SURVEILLANCE IN THE CENTRAL ALENTEJO, PORTUGAL Joey Williams CALIFORNIA CLASSICAL STUDIES Berkeley, California © 2017 by Joey Williams. California Classical Studies c/o Department of Classics University of California Berkeley, California 94720–2520 USA http://calclassicalstudies.org email: [email protected] ISBN 9781939926081 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016963103 CONTENTS Acknowledgments ix List of Figures and Illustrations xi 1. -
The Case of Segobriga
Romanization in the Middle of Nowhere: The Case of Segobriga CARLOS F. NOREÑA University of California, Berkeley [email protected] Abstract: This study addresses the problem of historical change in a medium-sized town in the provincial backwater of a large, premodern empire. It attempts to illuminate the intersection between sociopolitical order and cultural produc- tion, and the mutually constitutive relationship between asymmetric power and translocal culture, in the town of Segobriga in central Spain during the period c. 200 BCE–200 CE, at the height of the Roman empire. It argues that it was the very fact of Roman empire—and, in particular, the specific configurations of power prevailing within it—that drove the widespread replication of a distinctively Roman cultural package in Segobriga, especially in the public sphere (architec- ture, epigraphy, and coinage), and that can explain the dramatic efflorescence of Roman culture in this unexpected place. This study addresses the problem of historical change in a medium-sized town in the provincial backwater of a large, premodern empire. It attempts to illuminate the intersection between sociopolitical order and cultural production, and the mutually constitutive relationship between asym- metric power and translocal culture. In order to illustrate this dynamic relationship between power and culture, this investigation focuses on the town of Segobriga, in central Spain, during the period c. 200 BCE–200 CE, when the Iberian peninsula was first conquered by and then absorbed into the Roman imperial state. The main argument is that it was the very fact of Roman empire—and, in particular, the specific configurations of power prevailing within it—that drove the widespread replication of a distinctively Roman cultural package and that can explain the dramatic efflorescence of Roman culture in this unexpected place. -
Géza Alföldy, Provincia Hispania Superior. Schrif
J. Richardson: G. Alföldy, Provincia Hispania superior 631 Géza A lföldy, Provincia Hispania superior. Schrif- ten der Philosophisch-Historischen Klasse der Heidel- berger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Band 19. Verlag C. Winter, Heidelberg 2000. 79 Seiten, 2 Abbildungen. The discovery, during excavations at Lavinium in 1995 / 6, of an inscription, erected in honour of one C. Servi- lius Diodorus by his wife, is the starting point of this substantial essay by one of the foremost epigraphers of present times, dedicated to another, Werner Eck, on his sixtieth birthday. For the purposes of this work, Alföldy has the further advantage of being a master of the epig- raphy and history of Roman Spain, for the inscription in question is most remarkable for what it reveals about the Roman provinces of the Iberian peninsula in the third century a d . It is dated to 7 September 227, and the second and third lines begin a list of several offices which Diodorus had held with the words proc(uratori) CC provinciarum Hispaniar(um) / citerioris et superi- oris. From this beginning, the author develops an argu- ment that Servilius Diodorus had been, by the date of the inscription, the financial procurator of Hispania citerior and then the praesidial procurator of the hither- to unknown province of Hispania superior; that the new province was the result of the division of Hispania cite- rior by Caracalla; and that Hispania superior is in fact an alternative name for the province of Callaecia, which appears from a later inscription (CIL Vl 41229) to have been combined again into a single province shortly be- fore 238. -
New Evidence for the Study of the Urbanism of Tarraco
Proceedings of the British Academy, 86,355-369 New Evidence for the Study of the Urbanism of Tarraco XAVIER DUPRB I RAVENTOS A DISCUSSION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL HERITAGE MANAGEMENT is not entirely appropriate in a symposium whose principal objective is the study of urbanism. However, it is true that adequate management of the archaeolo- gical heritage is a necessary precondition for progress in research into urbanism, particularly in the case of important ancient towns which have to co-exist with contemporary centres1 Tarragona during the 1980's pro- vides a good example of how the management of the historic heritage of the Roman period yielded important results for archaeological research. This paper explores the relationship between these two aspects. That much new data is available for the study of Tarraco is the result of the special care taken to ensure that the protection of its archaeological fabric was undertaken within a research framework (DuprC 1992): The Republican Town (Figure 1) "he very limited information about the Iberian settlement which preceded the Roman town of Tarraco was greatly increased in recent years by excavations undertaken in the lower part of the town. This research has revealed the existence of an Iberian settlement, to be identified with Kissu, Kese or Cissis, which was first inhabited in the fifth century BC and continued in occupation until the arrival of the Romans. Even so, the scarcity of information about the third century BC occupation means that the Roman impact upon the native settlement is ill understood (Mir6 1988, 3-9; Adserias, BurCs, Mir6 and Ram6n 1993, 34). -
Tarraco, Capital Provincial*
Tarraco, capital provincial* Isaías ARRAYÁS MORALES** Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona Departament de Ciències de l’Antiguitat [email protected] RESUMEN Uno de los asuntos más controvertidos de la historia de Hispania es aquel que gira en torno a la capi- talidad de la Citerior y, más concretamente, al momento a partir del cual podemos considerar Tarraco como capital de la susodicha provincia que en época imperial adquiriría, significativamente, el apela- tivo de Tarraconensis. A lo largo del presente artículo intentaremos aproximarnos a la problemática y dar respuesta a algunas de las incógnitas planteadas. Palabras Clave: Hispania Citerior, Tarraco. ABSTRACT Searching for the capital of Citerior province, later on “Tarraconensis”, is still a controversial matter. We do not know either when Tarraco assumed precisely that role during the Early Empire. This paper will try to deal with both issues. Key words: Hispania Citerior, Tarraco. I. TARRACO, “CENTRO POLÍTICO-ADMINISTRATIVO DE LA PROVINCIA” En base a las fuentes literarias antiguas, parece claro que Tarraco durante el perí- odo tardo-republicano ejerció las funciones de centro de invernada y de principal base de operaciones de Roma en Hispania, dada su estratégica y privilegiada ubicación. Estas funciones ya las habría comenzado a desarrollar durante el conflicto romano- cartaginés, a tenor de las noticias conservadas referentes a sucesivas asambleas de aliados convocadas en la misma Tarraco, en los años 217, 210 y 209 a.C., que, en efecto, nos permiten vislumbrar el carácter de centro político adquirido por la ciudad durante la guerra (Plb. 10, 34; Liv. 22, 19-20; 26, 19, 12-14; 27, 51, 10-11). -
History of Catalonia
History of Catalonia The territory that now constitutes the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain was first settled during the Middle Palaeolithic era. Like the rest of the Mediterranean side of the Iberian Peninsula, the area was occupied by the Iberians and several Greek and Carthaginian towns were established on the coast before the Roman conquest. The area that is now Catalonia was the first area of Hispania conquered by the Romans. It then came under Visigothic rule after collapse of the western part of the Roman Empire. In 718, the area was occupied by the Moors and became a part of Muslim ruled al-Andalus. The Frankish Empire conquered the area from the Muslims, beginning with the conquest of Roussillon in 760 and ending with the conquest of Barcelona in 801, as part of the creation of a larger buffer zone of Christians against Islamic rule counties known as the Marca Hispanica. In time, the Christians took control of the region thanks not just to the Franks and their Spanish March but also to the Kingdom of Aragon which would govern those lands from that point onwards administrated by the Count of Barcelona for the King of Aragon, the Crown of Aragon. The County of Barcelona did contribute to develop further the Aragonese military most significantly their naval power and as part of the Kingdom of Aragon the Catalan language flourished and expanded southwards as more territories were added to Aragon like Valencia, the Balearic Islands, and later into Sardinia, Sicily, Naples and, briefly, Athens. The kingdom of Aragon was benevolent, with the language spoken by the Catalan minority and their culture developed further in the Middle Ages.