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Universities in

1 Contents

About Estonia 3 Estonian Academy of (EKA) 4 Estonian Academy of and Theatre (EAMT) 6 (EBS) 10 Estonian Entrepreneurship of Applied Sciences (EUAS) 12 Estonian University of Life Sciences (EMÜ) 14 Health Care (THCC) 16 (TLU) 18 Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech) 20 Health Care College (THCC) 22 (UT) 24 Study in Estonia 26 Why Estonia? 27

2 About Estonia

Estonia is quite a well-kept secret, Why Estonian ? In this brochure we will highlight 10 still relatively unknown in many parts An innovative environment, combined universities in Estonia that offer degree of the world. Situated in Northern with great value for money, has made programmes taught fully in English. , across the bay from Finland Estonia a desirable destination for and Sweden, we are a country of only both and researchers in a For a list of all Estonian higher 1.3 million residents living on 45 000 knowledge-based . institutions visit: square kilometres. What we lack in hm.ee/en/activities/higher- numbers, however, we more than We offer high-quality degree programmes education make up for in spirit and big ideas! and internationally accepted diplomas. 91% of international students in Estonia Did you know? are happy with their studies at Esto- Estonia is: nian universities (Source: International 7000+ • the first country in the world to Barometer TM 2019). international students offer e-residency • the first country to adopt online Estonian scientists are successful voting participants in Horizon 2020 projects, 150+ • a digital society: less hassle means granting researchers almost twice degree programmes in time better spent the funding than other EU countries English • ranked 4th in the world based on on average. 10.3% of publications urban air quality published in 2015 by Estonian authors • a country of four distinct seasons, reached the 10% of the world’s most R&D funding from warm summers to frosty cited publications (OECD STI Score- focused on ICT, Health Tech, winters board 2017). Effective Use of Resources

3 • The brand new EKA building is textiles and fashion to be more sus- situated in the former building of tainable through the implementation the Suva stockings factory. of technology. Kristi Kuusk works as • EKA loves dogs – you can see an Associate Professor and researcher them in the university offices, in the Textile Futures direction at the Estonian classes and open areas. . SUCCESS STORIES OF EKA: Mathematical algorithms in archi- Academy of Arts tecture Smart textiles by Kristi Kuusk Siim Tuksam and Sille Pihlak founded (EKA) Kristi Kuusk is researching the future PART studios, where of textiles and looks for new ways for they experiment with digital and Type of education provided: Focus areas: Arts and Humanities

Quick facts: • EKA has the largest jewelry work- shop in Europe. • One of the best student-teacher ratios in Estonian universities, as every student can have individual supervising. • EKA is located in Tallinn’s creative district of , right next to the Old Town.

4 Collaboration with Estonian Forest Management Centre Estonian Academy interior archi- tecture department collaboration with the Estonian Forest Management Centre has created unique works of My time spent in EKA was very forest shelters, observation towers, and enriching. Getting to feel like home floating saunas. One of the examples took quite some time, but soon is Ruup, a forest amplifier that looks enough I was in love with this for ways to help us all notice and listen city. The animation department’s to the sounds deep in the forest. learning environment is warm and supportive. I also gained inspiration and new skills outside of the animation department, for example, I studied anatomical drawing and graphic art.

Contact information: www.artun.ee technological innovation research and Põhja puiestee 7, Tallinn, 10412 implement the results as algorithmic [email protected]; architectural . The duo was [email protected] awarded the Estonian Young Architect [email protected] Award in 2017 Heta Jäälinoja (Finland), Animation

5 Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre

(EAMT) Quick facts: Estonian public universities and • Founded in 1919, EAMT is the university-level higher education institutions. Type of education provided: Higher only public university in Esto- • The EAMT library, founded in 1935, Education nia offering higher education is the largest research library for Focus areas: Music and Theatre; in all major fields of music and classical music in Estonia, whose Musicology; Education; Pedagogy; dramatic arts on all levels. With major part of the collections are Dramatic Arts its approximately 650 students EAMT is the smallest among six unique in Estonia. 6 • EAMT is the only university in SUCCESS STORIES OF EAMT: Estonia that teaches musicology. All the most important fields of LoLa technology musicology are represented in EAMT is the first in Estonia to use the the curriculum: history of music, unique LoLa (low latency) technology music theory, ethnomusicology tool that enables real time musical and cognitive musicology. performances where musicians are • The EAMT is a world-class insti- physically located in remote sites (up tution boasting an impressive to 4000 km) connected by advanced roster of alumni including pianists network services with no significant Ivari Ilja, Peep Lassmann and distortion or delay. It was introduced Kalle Randalu, conductors Olari in a concert “Music without Borders” Elts, Eri Klas, Vello Pähn, Anu Tali in October 2018 that served as an and Arvo Volmer as well as the world’s most performed living composer Arvo Pärt.

7 introduction to the 2nd Eastern Part- CoPeCo nership Ministerial Meeting on Digital CoPeCo is a two-year joint master’s Economy featuring top musicians programme in contemporary per- from Tallinn and Minsk, Belarus, who formance and composition, offering performed together in real time. the students an open platform for

experimental artistic practice within a European setting. The programme consortium includes the Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre, the Royal College of Music in Stockholm, the Conservatoire National Supérieur Musique et Danse in Lyon and the Hamburg University of Music and Theatre. The programme aims to create a dynamic environment that supports and promotes contempo-

8 rary musical expression in all aspects, including creation, production, perfor- My experience as a student of EAMT has exceeded my expectations mance and the relationship between in every aspect. As I’ve had the chance to be an exchange student musicians and society. in top music universities in Berlin and Helsinki which represent the tradition of a long-­established European higher music education, I Contemporary Physical Performance have the possibility to compare EAMT with them. What I can say Making is that the professors and lecturers at EAMT are of the highest cal- The International MA in Contemporary ibre. Moreover, in many regards EAMT has offered me even more: Physical Performance Making (CPPM) compactness of the infrastructure, very individual approach to every is a two-year master’s course for student, usefulness and utmost quality of all the supporting lectures. professional performers and theatre makers from all disciplines who wish to develop, rethink and challenge their artistic processes and creative practices. It takes postgraduate edu- cation out of the classroom and puts practical experience with world-leading makers of performance at the heart Contact information: of the learning process. The students www.eamt.ee work alongside some of the most Tatari 13, Tallinn, 10116 exciting directors, choreographers, [email protected] Valle-Rasmus Roots (Estonia), Cello performance artists and performers [email protected] to further their own creative practice through active collaboration, devising and performance.

9 • EBS is the only business univer- applies to students who use the sity in Estonia with a campus in mobility window. Finland. There are 1400 students • EBS has innovative Master’s pro- at EBS, among which 36% are grammes with 6 specializations international. to choose from, designed to best • Bachelor programmes include a suit students’ professional needs. mobility window, which encour- • Studying takes place in small ages students to use the 3rd groups to support students per- semester for exchange studies sonal growth. EBS students are Estonian abroad. The credits gained are a network of likeminded people, easily transferred back to EBS who support each other in accom- Business and tuition fee discount of 20% plishing their goals. School (EBS)

Type of education provided: Higher Education Focus areas: Management; Entre- preneurship; Leadership; Finance; Marketing; International Business

Quick facts: • Estonian Business School is among the top 300 business schools in the world according to Eduniversal Business Schools ranking.

10 a willingness to react to the market’s needs with adapting the curricula, and Studying a Master’s in Finance high-quality international partners has provided me a comprehensive and student exchange programmes. understanding of the “hard sci- ence” behind business. Subjects Successful alumni like Quantitative methods and EBS alumni are the most successful Valuation of Financial Instruments graduates in the labor market, scoring are subjects that go into the mostly high-payed jobs and enjoying intricacies of how big business the highest average salaries comparing drives the world economy. to other business-related programme Living in Europe, in a single eco- graduates. According to the survey nomic market, the importance SUCCESS STORIES OF EBS: conducted by Estonian job portal CV of understanding such financial Keskus, around 88% of EBS alumni principles and learning how they EPAS accreditation have no trouble finding employment work in practice has been incred- The International Business Adminis- right after graduating and entering ibly interesting and prepares me tration Bachelor’s Programme at EBS the job market. for the future ahead. was awarded EPAS accreditation, which is one of the most prestigious certificates for business schools. All EPAS accredited business and man- agement programmes offer a global perspective and high-quality studies. Contact information: During the evaluation, 3 aspects were www.ebs.ee highlighted as best practices of EBS: A. Lauteri 3, Tallinn, 10114 cooperation between the EBS’s faculty [email protected] of economics and various enterprises, [email protected] Sam McKenzie (New Zealand), Finance 11 Estonian Entrepreneurship University of Applied Sciences Quick facts: studies – and good at convincing (EUAS) • EUAS is the most gender-balanced their employers to pay their tuition university in Estonia. There is pretty fees. Around 15% of EUAS stu- much as many men at EUAS than dents have at least a part of their Type of education provided: Pro- there are women. No-one has a tuition covered by their employer. fessional Higher Education, Master’s clue as to why this is so. • EUAS is the only Estonian univer- studies • Over the years, EUAS has had sity that guarantees a dormitory Focus areas: Business; Information in more than a dozen placement for international stu- Technology; Design different cities and towns in Estonia. dents. Also it’s the only university • The students of EUAS are pro- whose dormitory has a gallery fessionally active already during connecting it to the nearest study

12 building – so no need to go out- Many employment possibilities side when the notorious Estonian Students from both business and IT winter hits. fields in EUAS often find part-time • EUAS has an official policy that work already while they study. Recently, international students should be EUAS students have started careers at encouraged to make friends and Estonian technology companies such start businesses in Estonia. To as TransferWise, Hansab, Perfectline boost this, EUAS arranges expat and Levercode. The thing I love about this uni- meetups, trips to different parts versity is that because it’s small, of Estonia and other social events Students with startup spirit it’s informal. Instead of sitting several times a year. EUAS students have the habit of start- in a huge lecture theatre while ing up their own businesses during someone speaks at you for hours SUCCESS STORIES OF EUAS: their studies. Some of the most recent on end, here the class sizes are examples include Crescere Media and small, everybody knows your Support for international students Home BOTeez. name and people really value and alumni what you have to say. EUAS is Estonia’s leading university when it comes to helping international students start a career in Estonia. All EUAS English-language curricula have integrated comprehensive Estonian Contact information: courses, giving alumni an advantage. www.euas.eu Also, EUAS is the only university in Suur-Sõjamäe 10a, 11415, Estonia that guarantees every Tallinn international student an internship [email protected] placement already during their studies. Michael Rhodes (Australia), Startup Entrepreneurship 13 Estonian University of Life Sciences

(EMÜ) Quick facts: • The greenest university in Estonia. • The Estonian University of Life The mission of EMÜ is to foster Sciences (founded in 1848) is one sustainable use of natural resources Type of education provided: Higher of the top 100 universities in the through knowledge-based educa- Education and Professional Higher world in the field of agriculture tion. Our vision is a green university Education and forestry (QS World University with smallest possible ecolog- Focus areas: Agriculture; Animal Rankings). ical footprint, with healthy and Science; Aquaculture; Biodiversity; • The EMÜ Animal Clinic is the good working and learning envi- Biosystem Engineering; Energy Appli- country’s most advanced 24-hour ron­ment. cation Engineering; Food Science; veterinary service provider. Every Forestry; Geomatics; Landscape and year over 6000 dogs, over 2000 SUCCESS STORIES OF EMÜ: Environmental Management; Land- cats, and nearly 500 exotic animals, scape Architecture; Nature Protection including rabbits, ferrets, rats as VALORTECH and Nature Tourism; Rural Building well as turtles, snakes, iguanas, To realise the full potential of the uni- and Water Management; Rural Life parrots and chinchillas, get help versity in the development of advanced and Economy; Veterinary Science in the EMÜ clinic. zero waste/maximum utilisation and 14 scenarios for terrestrial ecosystems in the context of global change. Studying in EMÜ can give you Polli Horticultural Research and many invaluable moments. For Competence Centre me, the three things I like most are The Polli Horticultural Research and constantly meeting new people Competence Centre is unique in Estonia from different countries, lots of as its main field of activity and niche learning opportunities (e.g. I had lies in the research and development workshop in Belarus and studied valorisation technologies related to of health goods and natural prod- in Mexico for a semester) and the food value chain, the new ERA ucts using modern, high-technology very helpful coordinators from the Chair for Food (VALORTECH) was methods, including extraction of Department of Academic Affairs. established. The broader vision is that bioactive ingredients of plant origin, Thus, if you look for it, there are it will develop into a leading centre of that are used in functional foods, many opportunities here. excellence in development of advanced eco-cosmetics, household chemicals, technologies and components used pharmaceuticals etc. in food and non-food value chains.

EcolChange The Centre of Excellence, EcolChange, led by Estonian University of Life Sciences and EMÜ’s plant physiology professor, Ülo Niinemets, who is the Contact information: most cited Estonian researcher, covers www.emu.ee Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006, Tartu the field of global change ecology from Ibuki Hara (Japan), Landscape [email protected] molecular to biome-level responses. Architecture It represents a synergistic network of [email protected] expertise to elaborate global and local 15 Quick facts: SUCCESS STORIES OF THCC: • State professional higher educa- tion institution, founded in 1940 Internationally recognized studies • Over 1800 students Tallinn Health Care College provides • 2 successful campuses in internationally recognized studies in Tallinn and in Kohtla-Järve health and welfare in an up-to-date • Studies are provided in 8 study environment, to advance the higher education and 7 voca- professions taught through research tional education curricula and development.

Tallinn Health Care College (THCC)

Type of education provided: State professional higher education Focus areas: Health, Welfare

16 Elaborate learning support systems The College offers different sup- Studying in Tallinn Health Care port services including psychological College gave me professional counselling, study counselling, career identity and competencies, a counselling and tutoring. Moreover, lot of practical skills and inter- prospective students with special national learning experience needs are offered counselling before through international lecturers and studies also to help them make an international intensive courses. informed choice. Study process was supported by creative and reflective learning methods which were supported by practice placements. Teachers were incredibly passionate and always ready to help.

Contact information: www.ttk.ee Kännu 67, Tallinn 13418 [email protected] [email protected]

Grete Anton (Estonia), Occupational Therapy

17 Tallinn University (TLU)

Type of education provided: Higher Education Focus areas: Educational Innovation; Digital and Media ; Cultural experiences of interdisciplinary Competences; Healthy and Sus- learning – every student partic- tainable Lifestyle; Society and Open ipates in at least one interdisci- Governance. plinary project in the course of his/her studies. Quick facts: • TLU is a green university. The • Both QS World University and university has joined the Green Times Higher Education rankings Academic Footprint initiative of place Tallinn University among the cover all our five interdisciplinary the Network of Universities from top 5% of the best universities focus areas. the Capitals of Europe (UNICA) in the world. In addition, TLU is • One of Estonia’s biggest interna- in order to participate in the pro- awarded with three subject rank- tional summer and winter schools cess of making the principles of ings (Arts & Humanities, Social is organised by Tallinn University. sustainable development part of 18 Sciences and in Education), which • TLU provides all students with everyday life. with modern video and sound equip- ment, a TV studio, sound studios, a Applying to Tallinn University cinema hall, an editing centre and a wasn’t just a coincidence - I film studio. We provide students with chose Tallinn University and studio space and production support Estonia. Estonian schools and for their creative works, supervised students have outperformed by established professionals from many developed countries and the audiovisual industry. Tallinn University, with 100 years SUCCESS STORIES OF TLU: of experience in teacher train- Uniquely innovative programmes ing, is the central institution for Quality teacher training We combine social sciences and teacher-. I TLU, with 100 years of experience in humanities with technology and was looking for a place where teacher training, is the central institu- innovation and offer unique English- I could learn from the best and tion for teacher-education in Estonia. based degree programmes, such Tallinn University turned out to Our study programmes and research as Crossmedia in Film and Televi- be my PLAN A. have a deep impact on the future of sion, Digital Learning Games and education. Our academic personnel Human-Computer Interaction. are the best in their field and the designers of Estonian education who also do world-class research.

Northern Europe’s only English-­ Contact information: language film and media school www.tlu.ee Baltic Film, Media, Arts and Com- Narva rd 25, Tallinn, 10120 munication School (BFM) is one of Muhammad Umair Ali (Pakistan), www.tlu.ee/en/ask Europe’s largest – and Northern Educational Innovation and Leadership Europe’s only – English-language film and media school. BFM is equipped 19 Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech) • TalTech has the largest university SUCCESS STORIES OF TALTECH: Type of education provided: Higher campus in Estonia (85ha). Education • As part of a research project, New Generation Vehicles Focus areas: Business; IT; Engineering; TalTech transformed one of its The first self-driving car (ISEAUTO) Law; Governance; Science old precast concrete dormitory in Estonia was completed in autumn buildings into a nearly zero- 2018 at TalTech in cooperation with Quick facts: energy building that now houses Silberauto and ABB. The team of • The only technological university the university’s family dormitory. ISEAUTO includes 20 students from in Estonia. • Taltech’s campus neighbour is • TalTech enrolls 70% of all Estonian Science Park Technopol – a science IT students and employs leading and business hub that is home to e-governance and cybersecurity 200+ high-tech companies and experts. startups. 20 artificial kidneys serve as important tools in the medical research. I chose to study at TalTech Smart City because I was looking for a uni- TalTech is developing a smart digi- versity that had both a strong tal campus with smart traffic signs, academic programme and oppor- barriers, and charging points for self- tunities to develop technical skills. driving vehicles. Smart road pavement The Master’s degree at TalTech that produces electricity from solar exceeded my expectations. The energy and uses it to melt snow and university has everything you ice from the pavement and illuminate need, including the best library. All lecturers have their own spe- the fields of IT and engineering as well the road is already being tested. In cialties, and they are all willing to as scientists supervising the working 2019, TalTech together with Telia dedicate their time to you and groups. In addition, the autonomous and Ericsson launched the first 5G help you out. watercraft and the self-driving formula network in Estonia at TalTech campus. racecar are currently being developed at TalTech.

Robotics Industry and Nature TalTech’s Centre for Biorobotics deve­ lops nature-inspired robots that help researchers in their daily work. For Contact information: example, underwater archeologists www.taltech.ee use underwater robots to explore the Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn, 19086 seabed, the lateral line sensors inspired [email protected] Valerian Goguadze (Georgia), by fish help to assess fishways and the [email protected] e-Governance Technologies water quality in the reservoirs whereas and Services 21 Tartu Health Care College (THCC)

Type of education provided: Pro- • From 2011, THCC has a new study hospital equipment etc. fessional Higher Education, Master’s building combining a high-level • 58% of the teaching staff are studies, Vocational Education learning infrastructure with mod- also employed by a health care Focus areas: Health Care; Well-being; ern architectural design solutions. organisation. This kind of teach- Service The renovated dormitory ensures ing staff membership ensures excellent conditions for daily stud- the college with specialists who Quick facts: ies and living. have excellent competence in • In 1811 a school of midwives was • There are various skills labs for their professional field. founded at the obstetric clinic of every curricula that simulate the • The general employment rate of Tartu University. That school is con- patient wards in the hospital envi- the graduates in 2018 was 96%, sidered to be the predecessor of the ronment, including numerous being the best result among all present Tartu Health Care College. teaching/learning aids in the higher education institutions in forms of phantoms, medical and Estonia.

22 THCC and University of Tartu own a patentable invention “Mehhanoterapic Being one of the first interna- device and method for measuring”, tional students of MA of Radi- which was created during the research ography of THCC, I am feeling process. very much overwhelmed and honoured as my college offers Community service a very colourful campus along SUCCESS STORIES OF THCC: THCC has been recognized as a with friendly professors, college health developer in society. Commu- staff and classmates. I am really Unique in Estonia and in Baltics nity service (lectures, exercise hours, hopeful that this programme will Many of the higher education curricula counselling, etc.) is interconnected with add a new era of knowledge in (radiography, environmental health the studies in the form of a subject the development of my future. specialist, biomedical laboratory sci- course, elective or optional subject ence, etc.) at THCC are mostly unique course or voluntary work. In 2019, 110 in Estonia. The focus of THCC makes events were organized by THCC and it possible to have a specific role in the community services were offered to landscape of vocational and higher more than 6500 participants. education, and to have successful collaborations with similar institutions in Estonia as well as in Europe.

Patentable invention Pramita Das In 2012, THCC started applied research Contact information: (Bangladesh), Radiography “Assessment of the 3-month effect www.nooruse.ee of support taping aid to correcting www.nooruse.ee/radiography 5 to 8 year-olds’ genu valgum and Nooruse 5, 50411 Tartu longitudinal foot arch”. Since 2015, [email protected] 23 • As the flagship of Estonian science, UT belongs to the top 1% of the world’s most highly cited univer- sities and research institutions in 11 fields. • UT students are behind every University Estonian startup unicorn: Skype, Transferwise, Bolt, Playtech. of Tartu (UT) • UT is the co-organiser of the biggest business in the Baltics – StartUp Day. Type of education provided: Higher • The Estonian national flag was Education born in the University of Tartu. The Focus areas: Medical and Health flag was created and adopted by Sciences; Computer and Information Estonian Student Society in 1884. Sciences; Natural Sciences; Law; Business; Humanities; Social Sciences; Earth Science; Life Sciences

Quick facts: • The University of Tartu is the old- est (est. in 1632) and the highest ranked university in Estonia. UT belongs to the top 1,2% of the best universities in the world (QS University World Rankings 2021).

24 SUCCESS STORIES OF UT: Personalised medicine The National Personalised Medicine Estonia’s first student satellite programme involves recruitment and The vibe of the university and ESTCube-1 was Estonia’s first satellite genotyping of 100 000 new biobank the coziness of the city of Tartu to be sent to the Earth’s orbit in coop- participants. The idea is to develop is the perfect environment for eration with UT, Tartu Observatory national healthcare system by offering starting to build your life the way and other research institutions. The all residents genome-wide genotyping you want it to be. Here I learned concept of the mission and design are translated into personalised reports to prioritize and find my focus. I done entirely by university students. for use in everyday medical practice. met people that would be cru- The Estonian Student Satellite foun- This is a joint initiative of the Estonian cial to my career development. dation advances the Estonian space Genome Center of the University of My career in Estonia has been research and technology development Tartu, the Ministry of Social Affairs a chain reaction, which started by initiating the flagship of Estonian and the National Institute for Health at the University of Tartu and space mission. Development. keeps leading me to better and better things. sTARTUp Lab The University of Tartu sTARTUp Lab provides pre-incubation services for all students and early-stage startup teams. Participants attend inspirational Contact information: events, hackathons, workshops, meet- www.ut.ee ups with entrepreneurs and pitching Ülikooli 18, Tartu, 50090 competitions. Hands-on workshops [email protected]; [email protected] are supervised by entrepreneurs and integrated with mentoring sessions. Anna Selecka (Latvia), Business Administration

25 More than 150 degree programmes offered by our partner universities are fully taught in English. Estonia hosts over 5300 international degree students, more than 1500 exchange students and ca 400 participants of summer or winter schools.

We hope that all of you who have made the decision to come to study in Estonia will experience something new and gain valuable experience for the rest of your life! Study in Estonia is a cooperation platform of Estonian universities to increase visibility of Estonia as an attractive study destination and pro- mote the possibilities for studying for international students. Contact information: www.studyinestonia.ee The activities are coordinated by the [email protected] Education and Youth Authority of Estonia in the framework of Dora Pluss activity and financed by the European Regional Development Fund. @studyinestonia

26 Why Estonia?

Clean influences. Nature, history, events — #2 best public WiFi in the world Estonia has a low popula- you can find everything just a short (Estonian World 2015) tion density and plenty of drive away. #1 advanced digital society (Wired untouched nature. There 2017) is always clean water for swimming 192 different nationalities and drinking. The clean environment (Statistics Estonia 2012) Connected also produces pure food. 133k documented folk songs Estonia connects the dots (Mini­stry of Culture, 2017) between Scandinavia, mainland covered in forest 51% Central Europe and what (Ministry of Environment 2017) 389 different bird species spotted lies to the east. Connected by bud- (BirdLife Estonia 2018) 40% of forests belong to the State get flights and ferries, the compact and are certified as organic collection country is easily accessible by car or areas (State Forest Management public transport. Being among the Digital Centre) least densely populated countries in Estonia is an advanced Europe, Estonia makes for a great #4 cleanest urban air in the world digital society, where 99% nature and city break destination. (WHO 2018) of state services are online. The country is covered with fast 4G Value Destination: Tallinn (Lonely Diverse internet, all hotels and most restau- #1 Planet 2018) Estonia offers unparalleled rants/cafés offer free WiFi. diversity on its territory of #1 Value Destination: Estonia (Lonely 45,228 km². Our history 96% 4G mobile internet coverage Planet 2016) is a colourful fabric of intertwined (Technical Regulatory Authority)

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