ACH-RA, Workplace Bullying
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Systematic Review of Academic Bullying in Medical Settings: Dynamics and Consequences
Open access Original research BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043256 on 12 July 2021. Downloaded from Systematic review of academic bullying in medical settings: dynamics and consequences Tauben Averbuch ,1 Yousif Eliya,2 Harriette Gillian Christine Van Spall1,2,3 To cite: Averbuch T, Eliya Y, ABSTRACT Strengths and limitations of this study Van Spall HGC. Systematic Purpose To characterise the dynamics and consequences review of academic bullying of bullying in academic medical settings, report factors in medical settings: dynamics ► This systematic review is comprehensive, including that promote academic bullying and describe potential and consequences. BMJ Open 68 studies with 82 349 consultants and trainees, 2021;11:e043256. doi:10.1136/ interventions. across several countries and including all levels of bmjopen-2020-043256 Design Systematic review. training. We searched EMBASE and PsycINFO for Data sources ► We defined inclusion criteria a priori and used es- ► Prepublication history and articles published between 1 January 1999 and 7 February additional supplemental material tablished tools to assess the risk of bias of included for this paper are available 2021. studies. online. To view these files, Study selection We included studies conducted in ► The included studies varied in their definitions of please visit the journal online academic medical settings in which victims were bullying, sampling bias was noted among the sur- (http:// dx. doi. org/ 10. 1136/ consultants or trainees. Studies had to describe bullying veys and intervention studies were suboptimally bmjopen- 2020- 043256). behaviours; the perpetrators or victims; barriers or designed. facilitators; impact or interventions. Data were assessed Received 29 July 2020 independently by two reviewers. -
Jefferson County Sheriff's Office Employment Opportunities
JEFFERSON COUNTY SHERIFF’S OFFICE EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES JOB TITLE: Correctional Officer REPORTS TO: Deputy Chief of Correctional Facility Salary: Starting monthly salary - $16.96 per hour MISSION: The Mission of the Jefferson County Correctional Facility is to provide the safe and secure detention of offenders in order to protect the staff, inmates and citizens of Jefferson County. DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES/ ESSENTIAL JOB FUNCTIONS • Provides direct supervision and conducts security rounds inside the housing areas and other areas of the facility; • Observes behavior in order to detect safety and security concerns; • Intervenes to break-up physical altercations between inmates; • Restrain and detain out-of-control inmates in order to maintain control of area; • Conduct pat searches to maintain safety and security of facility; • Inspects housing areas and other areas assigned to maintain cleanliness of facility; • Enforces the rules and regulations of the facility; • Write disciplinary and incident reports; • Conduct searches within the facility for unauthorized contraband; • Reports any safety, mechanical and maintenance problems that are observed to supervisor; • Conduct escorts of inmates for security reasons; • Attends daily shift meetings to receive instructions and exchange information regarding current conditions; • Completes required paperwork at end of each shift, including any offense reports and incident reports. OTHER JOB FUNCTIONS Performs other job relating duties, as directed. Overtime may be required as necessary for the security of the facility and the citizens of Jefferson County. NOTE: The above describes the general nature and level of work being performed by employees holding this position. This is not intended to be an exhaustive list of all duties and responsibilities required nor are all the duties listed necessarily performed by any one employee so classified. -
Cross Disciplinary Issues in Workplace Bullying
Answering workplace bullying’s key questions 1 Answering Five Key Questions about Workplace Bullying: How Communication Scholarship Provides Thought Leadership for Transforming Abuse at Work Pamela Lutgen-Sandvik (Ph.D., Arizona State University) is an Associate Professor in the Department of Communication & Journalism at the University of New Mexico, USA. She researches destructive communication in organizations and the communicative processes associated with positive organizing. Email: [email protected] Telephone: 505-331-4724 Fax: 505-277-2068 Mailing: Department of Communication & Journalism University of New Mexico MSC03 2240; 1 University of New Mexico Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001 Sarah H. Tracy (Ph.D., University of Colorado, Boulder) is an Associate Professor and Director of The Project for Wellness and Work-Life in the Hugh Downs School of Human Communication at Arizona State University, USA. She studies emotion and work-life wellness. Email: [email protected] Telephone: 480-965-7709 FAX: 480-965-4291 Mailing: Hugh Downs School of Human Communication Arizona State University PO Box 871205 Tempe, AZ 87287-1205 Management Communication Quarterly Answering workplace bullying’s key questions 2 Abstract: Organizational communication research is vital for understanding and addressing workplace bullying, a problem that affects nearly half of working adults and has devastating results on employee well-being and organizational productivity. A communication approach illustrates the toxic complexity of workplace bullying, as it is condoned through societal discourses, sustained by receptive workplace cultures, and perpetuated through local interactions. Examining these (macro, meso, and micro) communicative elements addresses the most pressing questions about workplace bullying including: 1) how abuse manifests, 2) how employees respond, 3) why it is so harmful, 4) why resolution is so difficult, and 5) how it might be resolved. -
Nightmares, Demons and Slaves
Management Communication Quarterly Volume 20 Number 2 November 2006 1-38 Nightmares, Demons © 2006 Sage Publications 10.1177/0893318906291980 http://mcq.sagepub.com and Slaves hosted at Exploring the Painful Metaphors http://online.sagepub.com of Workplace Bullying Sarah J. Tracy Arizona State University, Tempe Pamela Lutgen-Sandvik University of New Mexico, Albuquerque Jess K. Alberts Arizona State University, Tempe Although considerable research has linked workplace bullying with psy- chosocial and physical costs, the stories and conceptualizations of mistreat- ment by those targeted are largely untold. This study uses metaphor analysis to articulate and explore the emotional pain of workplace bullying and, in doing so, helps to translate its devastation and encourage change. Based on qualitative data gathered from focus groups, narrative interviews and target drawings, the analysis describes how bullying can feel like a battle, water tor- ture, nightmare, or noxious substance. Abused workers frame bullies as nar- cissistic dictators, two-faced actors, and devil figures. Employees targeted with workplace bullying liken themselves to vulnerable children, slaves, pris- oners, animals, and heartbroken lovers. These metaphors highlight and delimit possibilities for agency and action. Furthermore, they may serve as diagnostic cues, providing shorthand necessary for early intervention. Keywords: workplace bullying; emotion; metaphor analysis; work feelings; harassment So many people have told me, “Oh, just let it go. Just let it go.” What’s inter- esting is people really don’t understand or comprehend the depths of the bully’s evilness until it’s done to them. Then they’re shocked. I had people Authors’ Note: We thank the College of Public Programs and the Office of the Vice President for Research and Economic Affairs at Arizona State University for a grant that helped fund this research. -
Engaging the Workforce Getting Past Once-And-Done Measurement Surveys to Achieve Always-On Listening and Meaningful Response
Engaging the workforce Getting past once-and-done measurement surveys to achieve always-on listening and meaningful response Deloitte Employee Engagement Perspectives Deloitte Employee Engagement Perspectives / Engaging the workforce What is employee engagement? Organizations are increasingly talking about engagement, but not everyone is defining and measuring it in the same way. Engagement typically refers to an employee’s job satisfaction, loyalty, and inclination to expend discretionary effort toward organizational goals.1 It predicts individual performance and operates at the most fundamental levels of the organization —individual and line—where the most meaningful impact can be made. Workplace culture is related, though operates on a different level. Culture is a system of values, beliefs, and behaviors that shape how real work gets done within an organization. It predicts company performance, and is shaped and cultivated at the most senior levels of the organization. 1 Deloitte Employee Engagement Perspectives / Engaging the workforce The vast majority of executives responding to our Global Human Capital Trends survey rated engagement as a priority for their companies. More than executives rated engagement as important or very important.2 8 in10 But company actions regarding engagement don’t always support that level of importance. Just 64% And of respondents say they are measuring employee one in five engagement once a year.3 (18%) said their companies don’t formally measure employee engagement at all.4 As the workforce and its expectations about work evolve rapidly, employers should start treating engagement as the business-critical issue it is. 1 Deloitte Employee Engagement Perspectives / Engaging the workforce Why does employee engagement matter ? Engagement is critical because it is directly linked to business outcomes. -
Employment Standards
THURSTON COUNTY SHERIFF’S OFFICE EMPLOYMENT STANDARDS Prior to appointment to a position, an applicant must successfully complete a thorough background investigation. The background investigation may consist of, but is not limited to, the following: Sheriff’s Office Interview, Employment History Check, Neighborhood Check, Reference Check, Psychological Assessment, Polygraph Examination, Medical Examination (including drug screen), and Criminal, Driving, and Financial History Checks. Failure to successfully pass or complete any phase of the Sheriff’s Office background investigation is cause for removal from the employment eligibility list. The following information is provided to demonstrate the Sheriff’s Office standards; this is not meant to be an exhaustive list. Information obtained in the background investigation and testing may be cause for the Sheriff’s Office to request removal of an applicant from an eligibility list as “unfit for service.” If you have questions about the background investigation or the civil service process, please call the Sheriff’s Office at 360-786-5500 or the Civil Service Chief Examiner at 360-786-5249. Mandatory Requirements Birth Certificate, naturalization papers, or 21 Years of Age (prior to appointment) Washington State Driver’s License (prior to Permanent Resident Card appointment) High School Diploma or GED Read, Write & Speak English Automatic Removal Factors Any one or a combination of these factors will be cause for removal Use of marijuana in the last 18 months, or any Unfit for service based -
The Bullying of Teachers Is Slowly Entering the National Spotlight. How Will Your School Respond?
UNDER ATTACK The bullying of teachers is slowly entering the national spotlight. How will your school respond? BY ADRIENNE VAN DER VALK ON NOVEMBER !, "#!$, Teaching Tolerance (TT) posted a blog by an anonymous contributor titled “Teachers Can Be Bullied Too.” The author describes being screamed at by her department head in front of colleagues and kids and having her employment repeatedly threatened. She also tells of the depres- sion and anxiety that plagued her fol- lowing each incident. To be honest, we debated posting it. “Was this really a TT issue?” we asked ourselves. Would our readers care about the misfortune of one teacher? How common was this experience anyway? The answer became apparent the next day when the comments section exploded. A popular TT blog might elicit a dozen or so total comments; readers of this blog left dozens upon dozens of long, personal comments every day—and they contin- ued to do so. “It happened to me,” “It’s !"!TEACHING TOLERANCE ILLUSTRATION BY BYRON EGGENSCHWILER happening to me,” “It’s happening in my for the Prevention of Teacher Abuse repeatedly videotaping the target’s class department. I don’t know how to stop it.” (NAPTA). Based on over a decade of without explanation and suspending the This outpouring was a surprise, but it work supporting bullied teachers, she target for insubordination if she attempts shouldn’t have been. A quick Web search asserts that the motives behind teacher to report the situation. revealed that educators report being abuse fall into two camps. Another strong theme among work- bullied at higher rates than profession- “[Some people] are doing it because place bullying experts is the acute need als in almost any other field. -
Employees' Reactions to Their Own Gossip About Highly
BITING THE HAND THAT FEEDS YOU: EMPLOYEES’ REACTIONS TO THEIR OWN GOSSIP ABOUT HIGHLY (UN)SUPPORTIVE SUPERVISORS By JULENA MARIE BONNER Bachelor of Arts in Business Management and Leadership Southern Virginia University Buena Vista, VA 2007 Master of Business Administration Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma 2012 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY July, 2016 BITING THE HAND THAT FEEDS YOU: EMPLOYEES’ REACTIONS TO THEIR OWN GOSSIP ABOUT HIGHLY (UN)SUPPORTIVE SUPERVISORS Dissertation Approved: Dr. Rebecca L. Greenbaum Dissertation Adviser Dr. Debra L. Nelson Dr. Cynthia S. Wang Dr. Isaac J. Washburn ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The road to completing this degree and dissertation has been a long, bumpy one, with plenty of ups and downs. I wish to express my gratitude to those who have helped me along the way. Those who provided me with words of encouragement and support, those who talked me down from the ledge when the bumps seemed too daunting, and those who helped smooth the path by taking time to teach and guide me. I will forever be grateful for my family, friends, and the OSU faculty and doctoral students who provided me with endless amounts of support and guidance. I would like to especially acknowledge my dissertation chair, Rebecca Greenbaum, who has been a wonderful mentor and friend. I look up to her in so many ways, and am grateful for the time she has taken to help me grow and develop. I want to thank her for her patience, expertise, guidance, support, feedback, and encouragement over the years. -
Workplace Bullying Legislation That Would Allow Workers to Sue for Harassment Without Requiring a Showing of Discrimination
Workplace-Bullying Laws on the Horizon? By Roy Maurer Since 2003, 25 states have introduced workplace bullying legislation that would allow workers to sue for harassment without requiring a showing of discrimination. Critics contend that these laws would encourage frivolous lawsuits. Could they protect workers from bullying while not opening up employers to scores of meritless claims or imposing a civility code on the workplace? “In fact, workplace bullying may lead to the boldest proposed change in U.S. employment law since the passage of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act,” said Lori Armstrong Halber, a partner in the Philadelphia office of Fisher & Phillips. “We all agree with the concept that there shouldn’t be jerks in the workplace, but the issue is whether we can legislate that,” said Rick Grimaldi, a partner in the Philadelphia and Washington, D.C., offices of Fisher & Phillips. “The whole concept is difficult to get your head around when you think about how expansive this could be. Every disgruntled employee becomes a potential plaintiff.” Presently, bullying by itself does not violate Title VII or any other anti-discrimination law. Employees can sue companies for creating a “hostile work environment,” which can include bullying as harassment, but the harassment usually is tied to a protected category, such as race, sex, religion or national origin. Anti-bullying advocates are pushing legislation to protect workers who are not in a protected class. Other countries—England, Sweden, Australia—already have such laws. But how do you define bullying? asked Armstrong Halber. “In an effort to avoid litigation, employers would be mediating all sorts of employee interactions. -
Extending Managerial Control Through Coercion and Internalisation in the Context of Workplace Bullying Amongst Nurses in Ireland
societies Article “It’s Not Us, It’s You!”: Extending Managerial Control through Coercion and Internalisation in the Context of Workplace Bullying amongst Nurses in Ireland Juliet McMahon * , Michelle O’Sullivan, Sarah MacCurtain, Caroline Murphy and Lorraine Ryan Department of Work & Employment Studies, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; [email protected] (M.O.); [email protected] (S.M.); [email protected] (C.M.); [email protected] (L.R.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: This article investigates why workers submit to managerial bullying and, in doing so, we extend the growing research on managerial control and workplace bullying. We employ a labour process lens to explore the rationality of management both engaging in and perpetuating bullying. Labour process theory posits that employee submission to workplace bullying can be a valuable method of managerial control and this article examines this assertion. Based on the qualitative feedback in a large-scale survey of nurses in Ireland, we find that management reframed bullying complaints as deficiencies in the competency and citizenship of employees. Such reframing took place at various critical junctures such as when employees resisted extremely pressurized environments and when they resisted bullying behaviours. We find that such reframing succeeds in suppressing resistance and elicits compliance in achieving organisational objectives. We demonstrate how a pervasive bullying culture oriented towards expanding management control weakens an ethical Citation: McMahon, J.; O’Sullivan, climate conducive to collegiality and the exercise of voice, and strengthens a more instrumental M.; MacCurtain, S.; Murphy, C.; Ryan, climate. Whilst such a climate can have negative outcomes for individuals, it may achieve desired L. -
The Role of an Organizational Ombuds Office
"An Organizational Ombuds Office in a System for Dealing with Conflict and Learning from Conflict, or 'Conflict Management System'." Rowe, Mary. Harvard Negotiation Law Review Vol. 14 (2009): 279-288. Link: https://www.hnlr.org/2009/09/an-organizational-ombuds-office-in-a-system-for-dealing-with-conflict-and-learning- from-conflict-or-conflict-management-system/ An Organizational Ombuds Office in a System for Dealing with Conflict and Learning from Conflict, or “Conflict Management System” ©2008 Mary Rowe, PhD An Organizational Ombuds Office1 can address conflicts and concerns, informally and confidentially, and in many ways. In addition an Ombuds Office may effectively complement the roles of all the other components in a conflict management system (CMS). In particular an Ombuds Office may help to address major dilemmas faced by a CMS: Major Dilemmas A. How to help everyone in an organization to feel they can act effectively if they wish to—or come forward on a timely basis—when they have serious concerns; B. How to help coordinate the system (CMS), and provide back up; C. How to help keep the system and its people accountable, and foster effectiveness; D. How to help the CMS to improve, by learning from the ways in which conflict and concerns have been addressed, and how to encourage management to respond to CMS recommendations; These goals and their challenges are discussed in some detail below. A. Taking Action on Concerns or Coming forward. The major raison d’être of any CMS is to enable people to act directly, when they think something is wrong, or to report their concerns so the concerns may be addressed appropriately. -
Introduction to Mobbing in the Workplace and an Overview of Adult Bullying
1: Introduction to Mobbing in the Workplace and an Overview of Adult Bullying Workplace Bullying Clinical and Organizational Perspectives In the early 1980s, German industrial psychologist Heinz Leymann began work in Sweden, conducting studies of workers who had experienced violence on the job. Leymann’s research originally consisted of longitudinal studies of subway drivers who had accidentally run over people with their trains and of banking employees who had been robbed on the job. In the course of his research, Leymann discovered a surprising syndrome in a group that had the most severe symptoms of acute stress disorder (ASD), workers whose colleagues had ganged up on them in the workplace (Gravois, 2006). Investigating this further, Leymann studied workers in one of the major Swedish iron and steel plants. From this early work, Leymann used the term “mobbing” to refer to emotional abuse at work by one or more others. Earlier theorists such as Austrian ethnologist Konrad Lorenz and Swedish physician Peter-Paul Heinemann used the term before Leymann, but Leymann received the most recognition for it. Lorenz used “mobbing” to describe animal group behavior, such as attacks by a group of smaller animals on a single larger animal (Lorenz, 1991, in Zapf & Leymann, 1996). Heinemann borrowed this term and used it to describe the destructive behavior of children, often in a group, against a single child. This text uses the terms “mobbing” and “bullying” interchangeably; however, mobbing more often refers to bullying by more than one person and can be more subtle. Bullying more often focuses on the actions of a single person.