A Study on Enhanced Educational Platform with Adaptive Sensing Devices Using Iot Features
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Proceedings of APSIPA Annual Summit and Conference 2017 12 - 15 December 2017, Malaysia A Study on Enhanced Educational Platform with Adaptive Sensing Devices using IoT Features Yiqi Tew∗, Tiong Yew Tang∗ and Yoon Ket Lee∗ ∗ Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. E-mail: fyiqi, tangty, [email protected] Abstract—There are plenty of digital education tools to provide status within a few months. Communication between items additional assistance for conducting lecture class in university. shall be normalized and standardized for ensuring accurate For instance, online video source (e.g., YouTube) provides prac- data streaming and interaction with all device under a secured tical coding exercise for web application development, interactive communication channel (e.g., Google Hangout) provides platform protocol, e.g., authentication requirement for each item, either for distance learning. However, these tools are rarely to be sending or retrieving data. connected with a real-life environmental conditions. An advanced In this paper, we cover literature study on virtual classroom education system shall consider students attendance, activities and IoT implemented classroom in Section II. We propose a and intention to pay attention as a part of assessment and IoT framework in a classroom, as mentioned in Section III. provide appropriate education tools to improve the education quality. Therefore, there is an urge to adopt recent Internet of Then, an analysis study on several IoT prototype devices is Technology (IoT) to detect and sense the environmental condition discussed in Section IV. Lastly, future extension of our work (e.g., room temperature, student activities) and produce necessary and conclusion of this paper are described in Section V. reaction (e.g, air condition control, awake overslept students). In this paper, we propose an integrated platform by utilizing the II. LITERATURE REVIEW advanced IoT devices to improve the quality of education. Several IoT controller boards capabilities and features are described and Back to 1950’s, numbers of academician (e.g., Harvey compared for realizing the IoT solution in educational platform. White [2], Gordon Pask [3] produced educational lessons for distribution towards thousand of public school class- rooms. Then, many Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI) sys- I. INTRODUCTION tems (e.g., PLATO [4], Auto Tutor [5]) were developed in Nowadays, there are plenty of digital educational tools to 1960’s to deliver managed lessons content over the Internet. provide additional assistance for lecturing students. Digital This CAI based system was further developed in 1970’s, facilities offer conveniences and effectiveness in creating an where computer-based tutorial, seminars and conferencing environment dedicated to boost educational courses for schol- were started in BASIC programming language lessons [6]. ars, by turning a physical reality to a virtual reality ambience In late 1980’s, the invention of personal computer leaded to using combination of hardware and software apparatus. Nu- the creation of tele-courses [7] across a network to various merous virtual learning environment (e.g., Google Classroom, colleges with interaction using email. Microsoft launched Blackboard Learn) provide a learning system for managing Online Institute [8] to proof the concept of online based educational courses for institutions; create a virtual community learning in 1996 and made available for most of the learning using portal system; and archive scholar assessment output institution to conduct their own online learning platform. with analysis features. In 2001, CourseWork by Stanford University’s Academy Internet of Things (IoT) tends to make all physical items Computing [9] developed a full-featured lesson management to be connectable. It involves intelligent and self configuring system, followed by Microsoft Class Server in 2005 [10], nodes (things) interconnected in a dynamic network infras- Blackboard in 2006 [11], ProProfs in 2012 [12] and so worth tructure [1]. Generally, IoT is characterized by physical world for facilitating education towards the future of technology small things, widely distributed with limited storage and pro- based learning. cessing capability and involving reliability, performance, se- In recent years, ubiquitous internet connectivity with low- curity and privacy concerns. Therefore, three major elements: cost, high-speed and pervasive network capability makes al- identity, intelligence and communication are highlighted in most everything connectable. Industry development and man- any IoT solution to facilitates item management, functionality ufacturing drives the miniaturized devices and computing of application and data flow, respectively. Identity of each economics to deliver greater computational competence and connected item shall be unique to ensure the Accessibility tiny size of processing module at lower cost in price and power from one side to the other side when huge amount of items consumption. These two admittances lead to the advancement are interconnected. Connected items provide data exchange of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, which enable the collection and these data shall be intelligently processed for certain of real world data in a classroom to virtually understand the application, e.g., accident predictive and preventive action by actual situation of learning environment using internet facility. a smart algorithm based on collected data from vehicle engine Chang proposed an efficient mechanism system using IoT 978-1-5386-1542-3@2017 APSIPA APSIPA ASC 2017 Proceedings of APSIPA Annual Summit and Conference 2017 12 - 15 December 2017, Malaysia infrastructure to collect student actual attendance in a smart classroom [13]. He utilized Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) cards, placed on a row of RFID card slots to enable a roll caller feature. Later, Gligoric et al. introduced a real-time feedback IoT concept framework by utilizing node sensors (i.e., infrared sensors, sound sensors and camera module) in the classroom [14]. Collected information from sensors were analyzed based on correlation of sound level, movement existence and camera view intensity to identify students’ Fig. 1. Conventional classroom with multimedia facilities. response to a lecture and improve lecture quality. Gupta et al. utilized Intel’s Galileo board [15] to control classroom’s ambience by monitoring lights status of the classroom [16]. An energy efficient power management system is introduced based on the lighting status controls by Galileo board and relay switches. However, supports for Galileo board was suspended since October 2015 and Microsoft’s based IoT project had moved to Raspberry Pi development [17]. Merino et al. introduced an IoT educational platform (i.e., in Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) context) by utilizing wireless robotic modules [18]. Several Arduino- based [19] robots are described, e.g., DFRobot [20], Make- Fig. 2. Proposed classroom with IoT blended multimedia facilities. block [21], Ni myRio [22] and LegoMindstorm [23] to pro- conducts lessons by using presentation slides and shares teach- mote the innovation and motivation of the student during the ing materials with students through classroom’s equipments. STEM context learning process. Zhu realized the IoT concept Meanwhile, the interactiveness among student and lecturer can in future classroom by implementing Big Data and Cloud pro- be improved by monitoring students’ performance and the cessing feature on collected information from classroom sen- classroom interior environment. Here, the classroom condition sors [24]. Data mining, electroencephalogram and user inter- can be monitored based on digitized data, using sensors to face technology with transparent medium had been introduced detect and transit data to a center unit for further processing. as core challenges for realizing an advanced virtual classroom These sensors are located at proper designed positions within a in the near future. Another IoT related research was mentioned specific classroom layout. Therefore, we propose a new design by Bagheri et al. to provide energy management and eco- of classroom, facilitated with existing multimedia devices and system monitoring, as a part of IoT potential influences on additional sensors in every corner of the classroom, as shown the educational business model [25]. Value propositions for in Fig. 2. Take note that each personal computer is replaced by IoT implementation in education field were analyzed in terms a small single-board computer (e.g., Raspberry Pi v3 B+ [27]) of time and cost reduction, safety enhancement, personalized and a touchscreen display. This facility allows several general learning, collaboration and engagement. Garrigos et al. shared purpose input and output connections on every student’s desk. experiences in designing IoT solution using Arduino board At the same time, these connections facilitate IoT features for for enhancing educational quality in Secondary and University collecting data from student desks and monitoring status of studies [26]. An advanced low-cost multimeter and digital students in the classroom. temperature monitor based on sensors and Arduino board were developed to promote the students’ creativity and STEM A. Sensing, Actuating and Indicating Devices education. In a common IoT design architecture, sensors, actuators Recently, due to the development of ubiquitous computing, and indicators are three essential modules