Abstract and Biogr Introduction Kelsey Jack joined the Economics Department at Tufts Uni- scale epidemiological modeling in Africa; Cybermappr, versity in 2011. She received her BA from Princeton Uni- a volunteer thinking platform for geotagging data, and versity in Public and International Affairs and her PhD in its application by UNOSAT to damage assessment in Re-Mapping Africa in GIS: Public Policy from Harvard University, followed by a year Libya; Epicollect a mobile-phone based epidemiological as a Post Doctoral Affiliate at MIT. Kelsey’s research ex- data collection platform developed by Imperial College; From Humanities to Health plores incentive based approaches to encourage the private a project to transcribe historical documents in bushman provision of public goods and the design of incentives for language, developed by the University of Cape Town. I pro-social behavior with an applied focus on the environ- will argue the importance citizen cyberscience as a low- ment in developing countries. Her research combines theo- cost, high visibility approach for scientists with limited Co-Chaired by ries from environmental economics, contract theory and resources to make a research impact. I will discuss the development economics with rigorous empirical evidence. issue of data reliability and accuracy when involving Suzanne Preston Blier, Harvard University non-expert volunteers on the Web. Finally, I will em- Julia Finkelstein, Cornell University phasize the importance of grassroots hands-on events Citizen Cyberscience for Africa (“hackfests”) in initiating new research projects, illus- Co-sponsored by Francois Grey trating this with examples of events we have run in Af- The Committee on African Studies (CAS) and rica and elsewhere. Abstract: The Citizen Cyberscience Centre is a part- Center for Geographic Analysis, Institute for Quantitative Social Science nership between CERN, the University of Geneva and Francois Grey is Professor of Distributed Scientific Comput-

aphy UNOSAT, the operational satellite applications pro- ing and Deputy Director at Tsinghua University’s first inter- gramme. Our mission is to promote the use of citizen disciplinary research centre, the Centre for Nano and Micro cyberscience (volunteer computing, volunteer think- Mechanics (CNMM). He is also the coordinator of the Citi- ing and volunteer data collection) by researchers in zen Cyberscience Centre in Geneva, a partnership between Date: March 29-30, 2012 developing regions. In this talk, I will discuss several CERN, the UN Institute for Training and Research and the

(end) examples of citizen cyberscience projects we have University of Geneva. Prior to moving to China in 2008, he helped initiate or develop, and that are finding use- spent six years at CERN as manager of IT Communications, Location: Tsai Auditorium, CGIS Building South, Room S010 ful applications in Africa. These include: MalariaCon- launching CERN’s LHC@Home volunteer computing project Address: 1730 Cambridge St., Cambridge, MA 02138 trol.net, a volunteer computing project developed by and promoting citizen cyberscience in the developing world the Swiss Tropical Institute, which is used for large- through the Africa@home and Asia@home initiatives. Map of the Harvard Campus: his two-day conference brings together scholars on GIS and Africa to share their knowledge and experiences; Tto explore the potential of geospatial methods in the so- cial sciences, further humanities scholarship by critically en- gaging GIS methods, and promote interdisciplinary collabora- tive research in health and humanities in the continent of Africa.

The objective is to explore the application of geographic informa- tion systems (GIS) methods to health and humanities work in Af- rica, bringing together scholars from across various disciplines whose research offers answers to key questions involving Afri- ca. Scholars represent research interests in an array of disciplines, among these health, demography, government, geology, geogra- phy, biology, archaeology, economics, architecture, and art history.

The keynote address, “Putting Peace on the Map” will be presented by Patrick Vinck, Research Scientist at the Harvard School of Public Health and Associate Faculty with the Harvard Humanitarian Initia- tive. The first day of this conference will include a hands-on train- ing workshop and a web-based interactive demo of the WorldMap web mapping platform. The second day will feature the keynote address, followed by a series of topical panels incorporating short talks by the invited speakers on topics including politics, environ- ment, health, change, diversity, methodologies and technologies.

11 Purchase Parking Pass: https://www2.uos.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/permit/purchase.pl Center for Geographic Analysis http://gis.harvard.edu Program farmer incentive, market forces and poor governance. ly linked to rebuilding social and political systems. My Abstract and Biogr Thursday, March 29, 2012 The Famine Early Warning System Network (FEWS PhD research explores four such spatial peacebuilding NET) is a US Agency for International Development strategies: 1) the 1996 and 2004 villagisation policies; 2) 9:00 AM - 12:00 PM Hands-on Training for WorldMap Platform (Science Center, room B-09) (USAID) project designed to monitor food insecurity the ‘bye-bye nyakatsi’ program to replace grass roofs in the developing world. Understanding the spatial on houses country-wide; 3) the preservation of geno- characteristics of the factors contributing to food secu- cide sites; and 4) the Radio Soap Opera ‘Musekeweya’. 2:00 PM - 4:00 PM Live Demo of WorldMap Platform (CGIS-South Building, room S030) rity assists in anticipating locations facing hardship. The case studies illustrate a range of types of relations Identification of critical locations involves a synthesis between spatial and sociopolitical rebuilding embed- of satellite-derived meteorological data, maps of liveli- ded within: human settlement planning (villagisation), Friday, March 30, 2012 hoods, crop models, ground-sampled information and architectural aesthetics and politics (bye-bye nyakatsi), any other available input, with the hope of reducing memory studies and cultural heritage (genocide site 8:30 AM - 9:00 AM Registration and Light Refreshments (CGIS South Building, Concourse) the human impact of these conditions. This presenta- preservation), and parallels between actual and imag- tion will highlight some key datasets FEWS NET relies ined community spaces (radio soap opera). For the on to initiate activities to mitigate the threat of food purposes of the ‘Re-mapping Africa’ conference, I will 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM Introductions and Keynote Address (CGIS South, Tsai Auditorium) insecurity. present the inquiries and methodological frameworks Opening Remarks that guide my exploration of these four case studies. Caroline Elkins and Peter Bol Greg Husak is an Assistant Researcher in the Department In doing so, I hope to demonstrate how a spatial and of Geography at University of California, Santa Barbara. material culture approach brings a unique perspective

Introduction of Keynote Speaker aphy Suzanne Blier and Julia Finkelstein His research efforts focus on forecasting rainfall during a to studies of the dynamics of conflict and mechanisms crop growing season, reducing uncertainty in crop produc- of conflict resolution. Keynote Address: “Putting Peace on the Map “ tion estimates, and developing tools to better monitor and Delia Wendel is a PhD candidate affiliated with Harvard’s Patrick Vinck define crop conditions based on remotely sensed data. He is Graduate School of Design, where she researches post-con- the principal investigator at the Climate Hazards Group, a

flict and post-disaster rebuilding strategies. Her dissertation (Continued) research unit composed of field scientists in various regions 10:00 AM - 10:50 AM Politics Moderator: Biodun Jeyifo research focuses on postgenocide Rwanda, where rebuilding of Africa, graduate students, post-doctoral researchers and The Space of Time: Mapping Difference in the Pre-Colonial Yoruba City architecture & settlements is intimately intertwined with visiting professors. Suzanne Blier sociopolitical reconciliation. In addition to a Professional Social Media as Passive Polling: Using Twitter to Map Islamist Sentiment in Egypt Architecture degree, she holds degrees in Cultural Geogra- African Health Seen Through a Spatial Lens Todd Mostak phy (MSc, University College London) and Architectural Deterring or Displacing Electoral Irregularities? Spillover Effects of Observers in Ghana Marcia Castro History and Theory (MDesS, Harvard GSD). In 2009 Delia worked for UNHABITAT as a research consultant, and from Nahomi Ichino Abstract: The presentation will illustrate how spatial 2008-2011 as a tenure-track Lecturer at the University of Measuring Violence & Displacement in Kenya methods and technologies have opened new possibili- Edinburgh. Andy Harris ties for the study of health-related data. Ranging from visualization, spatial autocorrelation, combination of An Incentive Design Experiment in the Health 10:50 AM - 11:00 AM Coffee Break household and satellite derived data, and spatial sta- SSector: Zambia, GIS and Social Science Field Work tistical analysis, mapping health in Africa (currently Kelsey Jack and historically) has gained valuable perspectives that Moderator: Stephen Ervin 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM Environment have helped and continues to help the planning, imple- Abstract: A substantial body of research investigates Investigating Tourist Geographies in the Sahara mentation, and monitoring of targeted interventions. the design of incentives in firms, yet less is known Aziza Chaouni about incentives in organizations that hire individu- Sacred Seascapes of the Mediterranean - Sailing the Shores of North Africa & Beyond Marcia Castro is an Assistant Professor of Demography als to perform tasks with positive social spillovers. We Jeff Howry in the Department of Global Health and Population, Har- conduct a field experiment in which hairdressers and Space, Place, Time and Tsetse vard School of Public Health, and an Associate Faculty of barbers in Lusaka, Zambia are hired by a public health the Harvard University Center for the Environment. Her organization and randomly allocated to four groups. Joseph Messina research focuses on transmission and control of vector-borne Salons in the control group receive a standard volun- Sensing New Water Resources in Egypt from Space diseases (particularly malaria), environmental change and teer contract, whereas agents in the three treatment Magaly Koch health, Amazon frontier expansion, spatial methods applied groups receive small financial rewards, large -finan Community Mobilization, Spatial Mapping and Malaria Control to social sciences, and population dynamics and demograph- cial rewards, and non-financial rewards, respectively. Felton Earls & Mary Carlson ic methods. She has applied geographical information sys- To avoid spatial spillovers across treatments, the unit tems, remote sensing, and spatial statistics to her research, of randomization is a cluster of agents delineated by as well as proposed novel methods in spatial analysis. She a grid imposed over the city. Buffer zones between 12:00 PM - 12:50 PM Health Moderator: Emmanuel Akyeampong has on-going projects in the Brazilian Amazon and in Africa clusters are excluded from the study. We find that non- Anemia: Spatial Mapping in Sub-Saharan Africa (Tanzania and Ghana). financial rewards are more effective at eliciting effort Julia Finkelstein than either financial rewards or the volunteer contract. Tsetse fly: Slavery and Sleeping Sickness Rebuilding after the Genocide in Rwanda: Non-financial rewards elicit effort both by leveraging Marcella Alsan Space and the Ethics of Transition intrinsic motivation for the cause and by facilitating so- cial comparison among agents. We identify the social Using Geographic Information Systems to Support HIV Care in Rwanda Delia Wendel comparison effect through the density of agents in each Fabien Munyaneza cluster and find that the effectiveness of non-financial Abstract: During Rwanda’s post-1994 transition from The Maize/Malaria Connection in Western Ethiopia rewards is increasing in the number of neighboring conflict, the government developed several strategies Anthony Kiszewski agents. wherein rebuilding the built environment was explicit- 1 10 Abstract and Biogr Program cation, as well as the integration of landscape metrics with agricultural lands inadequate in this region. Therefore, geospatial modeling to assess land use and land cover dy- we set out to identify land converted from its natural Friday, March 30, 2012 namics. Being a native of Ghana, I have an outreach interest setting to human-dominated land uses. To accomplish to facilitate the adoption of geospatial science and landscape this task, we used Google Earth to draw polygons ecology principles for ecosystems mapping and sustainable around land conversion. We could identify and include 12:50 PM - 1:20 PM Lunch Break development in Sub-Saharan Africa. settlements, industrial uses, agriculture and even large corrals. This product, called “User-Identified Land Transboundary Conservation Conversion” (UILC), therefore highlights human im- 1:20 PM - 1:50 PM Poster Session pacts across the region. This time-consuming process Meghan Spigle produced a unique and important product that has im- 1:50 PM - 2:40 PM Change Moderator: Kirk Goldsberry portant differences from existing GIS products. Finally, Abstract: Greater Mapungubwe is one of a dozen the UILC can be applied in many situations, notably Cannabis: An African Biogeography, 1500-1940 South African Peace Parks or Transfrontier Conserva- to assist in identifying remaining locations where large Chris S. Duvall tion Areas. The park encompasses the borders of three mammals reside. nations (Botswana, South Africa, and Zimbabwe) and The Texture of Change: Cloth, Commerce and Social History in Western Africa, 1650-1850 is internationally valued both for its cultural impor- Jody Benjamin I majored in biology at St. Olaf College, and attended the tance (1200AD Iron Age paintings, a UNESCO site) Boundary Softness in Historic West Central Africa Nicholas School of the Environment at Duke University and and its unique habitats and wildlife. Aside from cap- graduated in 2010 with a Master in Environmental Man- John Thornton aphy tivating the interest of three sovereign states, Mapun- agement and Geospatial Analysis certificate. While at the Responding to Change: Mapping the Intersection of Climate Change, Conflict, and Aid in Africa gubwe hosts a variety of public and private stakehold- Nicholas School I became involved in National Geographic’s Ashley Moran ers; DeBeers, National Parks Trust, industrial farmers, Big Cats Initiative and have worked as the GIS coordinator and the native Marimani people of Zimbabwe. Nev- for the Duke University interns’ team for the past two years. ertheless, a politically fragile Zimbabwe restrains both 2:40 PM - 2:50 PM Coffee Break This position has furthered my passion for African wildlife,

(Continued) the betterment of its people’s social welfare and the ecology and geospatial tools. advancement of an ecologically and economically uni- 2:50 PM - 3:50 PM Diversity Moderator: John Mugane fied international park. Historically, development of South African parks was primarily motivated by colo- Spatial Patterns of Health in Accra Mapping Life: Inventorying African Biodiversity nial desire for hunting and sport. However, more re- Günther Fink James Hanken cent park planning initiatives have experimented with Crowdsourcing and Cloud Computing for Improved Ecosystems Mapping in Sub-Saharan Africa management strategies more inclusive of indigenous Abstract: A large, and rapidly growing share of the Henry N. N. Bulley community groups. In the case of the development of population in developing countries lives in urban Transboundary Conservation Greater Mapungubwe, I explore a scenario in which places today. In an effort to measure and document the Zimbabwean Maramani community could more the burden of disease in modern sub-Saharan African Meghan Spigle effectively engage with and benefit from the broader settings, the Women’s Health Study of Accra (WHSA) The Size of Savannah Africa: a Lion’s View Mapungubwe Peace Park through a reorganization of was launched in 2003, with a second round of house- Andrew Jacobson their agricultural and economic practices. hold interviews conducted between September 2008 Spatial Patterns of Health in Accra and March 2010. One of the central findings of the Günther Fink Meghan is an urban designer for Zimmer Gunsul Frasca initial surveys was the remarkably high prevalence of Architects in Washington D.C., currently working on the chronic disease, as well as the rather weak relation be- Southwest Eco District project; a sustainable development tween ill health and wealth at the individual level. In 3:50 PM - 4:50 PM Methodologies and Technology Moderator: S.V. Subramanian plan in a multi-block area south of the National Mall for the this paper, we analyze spatial patterns of health, with a Food Insecurity in the Greater Horn National Capitol Planning Commission. Meghan holds a particular focus on urban slum dwellings as well as the Greg Husak Masters in Landscape Architecture from the Harvard Grad- differences between self-assessed health vs. biomarker- uate School of Design, where she received a travel fellowship based measures of physical well-being. African Health Seen Through a Spatial Lens from the Committee on African Studies for her MLA thesis Marcia Castro regarding community conservation and tourism in a south- Günther Fink is Assistant Professor of International Health Rebuilding after the Genocide in Rwanda: Space and the Ethics of Transition ern African international peace park. She holds a Masters in Economics at the department of Global Health and Popula- Delia Wendel Architecture from Yale and a BS in Architecture from UVA. tion, Harvard School of Public Health. His research has cov- An Incentive Design Experiment in the Health Sector: Zambia, GIS and Social Science Field Work ered a wide range of topics related to economic development, Kelsey Jack The Size of Savannah Africa: a Lion’s View with a particular focus on the interactions between health and human capital on one side, and economic welfare on the Citizen Cyberscience for Africa Andrew Jacobson other. Dr. Fink is currently the PI of the Zambia Early Child- Francois Grey hood Development Project, a longitudinal study which mea- Abstract: Human population growth and concurrent sures the returns to early childhood investment in health and land conversion for settlement, agriculture and indus- 4:50 PM - 5:00 PM Closing Remarks education. try exert significant pressure on native ecosystems. This pressure is particularly acute in West Africa with 5:00 PM - 5:10 PM Fisher Prize & Davis Center Prize a rapidly growing population. Many large herbivores Food Insecurity in the Greater Horn and carnivores in this region are disappearing quickly Greg Husak 5:10 PM - 6:00 PM Reception or are already gone. Identifying locations of human impact is vital in assessing wildlife populations and Abstract: Food insecurity results from any of a number their viability. We considered off-the-shelf GIS prod- of factors including inadequate rains, excessive heat, ucts like land cover, human population density and lack of available seed, vulnerable populations, low Center for Geographic Analysis http://gis.harvard.edu 9 2 Abstract and Biogr Abstract and Biogr ies at Harvard, publishes on African art, architecture, and and cultural history. His most recent project sought to re- metadata, including georeferenced collecting locali- Keynote Address: Putting Peace on the Map urbanism. She is co-chair of the Africamap website. cast the history of the Atlantic basin to focus on interconti- ties that can be mapped in real time, and in turn shares Patrick Vinck nental relations. its content with global aggregators, such as the Global Social Media as Passive Polling: Biodiversity Information Facility (www.gbif.org). The Abstract: Over the last 10 years, our research team Using Twitter to Map Islamist Sentiment in Egypt Responding to Change: Mapping the Intersection Encyclopedia of Life (www.eol.org) seeks to organize, of Climate Change, Conflict, and Aid in Africa provide access to, and facilitate use of all information has applied empirical methods of research to capture Todd Mostak about biological species that is available in digital form. the experience, opinions, and attitudes of survivors Ashley Moran of mass violence in northern Uganda, eastern Demo- Abstract: The recent popular uprisings in the Middle James Hanken is Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology cratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic East have drawn attention to the ways in which Inter- Abstract: The complex pathways from climate changes and director of Harvard’s Museum of Comparative Zoology. and in Liberia, among others. The research methods net social media platforms such as Twitter and Face- to security impacts have demanded new datasets to fill He studied zoology at UC Berkeley and had postdoctoral have included population-based surveys, qualitative book can catalyze political change. To the extent that knowledge gaps, but also new ways of presenting data training in developmental biology at Dalhousie University. studies, focus groups, and ethnography. In this talk, I this “new media” represents a novel avenue for ex- to be of most use in policy planning. The new mapping At Harvard he also is Professor of Organismic and Evolu- will focus on the digital data collection and interactive pression in countries such as Egypt long characterized tool from the Climate Change and African Political tionary Biology and is affiliated with the Biological Sciences mapping tools we developed to provide results faster by a suppressed public discourse, it also presents re- Stability program enables researchers and policymak- in Dental Medicine Program, Harvard School of Dental and more accurately, while also increasing the safety searchers with a vast untapped source of timestamped, ers to visualize data on climate change vulnerability, Medicine, and the Center for Health and the Global Envi- of all those involved in the research, and enabling us- geocoded public opinion data. n this presentation, I conflict, and aid, and to analyze how these issues inter- ronment, Harvard Medical School. His research focuses on ers to explore aggregated results in near real-time. employ the methods of computational linguistics to sect in Africa. Where could local conflict patterns ex- evolutionary biology and systematics, as well as biodiversity aphy The results of the studies are featured on the recently compare Egyptians’ Twitter utterances with discourse acerbate climate-induced insecurity? Do international aphy informatics; he maintains field programs in Africa, Asia, and launched www.peacebuildingdata.org, giving access mined from the Arabic-language chatrooms of Egyp- aid interventions target areas where climate change Central and South America. to results of interviews with nearly 25,000 survivors of tian Islamist organizations such as the Muslim Brother- poses the most significant risk to sustainable develop- mass violence. hood, with the goal of creating a map of how Islamist ment and political stability? By allowing users to ana- sentiment varies across Egypt. I will also present on my lyze multiple data sources at once, the climate security Crowdsourcing and Cloud Computing for Improved Dr. Vinck, Ph.D. is a Research Scientist at the Harvard Ecosystems Mapping in Sub-Saharan Africa efforts to develop new software tools that harness the mapping tool enables integrated analysis of how myri- (Continued) School of Public Health and Associate Faculty with the Har- massively parallel capabilities of the computer GPU ad climate change impacts and responses intersect. Henry N. N. Bulley vard Humanitarian Initiative (HHI). Before joining HHI in (Graphics Processing Unit) to spatially analyze and 2011, he directed and co-founded the Initiative for Vulner- map gigabytes of social media data in real time. Ms. Ashley McIlvain Moran is an Associate at the Robert Abstract: Recent advances in geospatial and informa- able Populations at UC Berkeley’s Human Rights Center, S. Strauss Center for International Security and Law, where tion technology present a unique opportunity for a where he focused on managing and implementing empirical Todd Mostak is currently finishing his last semester in Har- her work focuses on democratic legal and institutional re- multi-scale assessment of ecosystem conditions, in line studies on the process of social reconstruction in countries vard’s A.M. program in Middle Eastern Studies. After ob- form, comparative law, and rule of law. Ms. Moran runs the with increasing emphasis on holistic ecosystems ap- affected by mass violence. His work is informed by several taining his undergraduate degree in Economics and Anthro- Strauss Center’s program on Climate Change and African proach to sustainable resource management in African years of experience working on development projects in Af- pology, he taught English in Aleppo and Damascus, Syria for Political Stability (CCAPS), and leads the democratic gov- countries. In particular, cloud-based Internet GIS pro- rica. Vinck also-cofounded KoBoToolbox, a digital data col- a year. He then spent 16 months in Cairo as a fellow in the ernance research team under the program. Funded by the vides a scalable platform for collaborative collection, lection project to advance human rights research. He serves Center for Arabic Study Abroad (CASA) and as an Arabic- U.S. Department of Defense, the CCAPS program is a col- sharing, and visualizing geospatial data. Additionally, as a member on the Committee on Scientific Freedom and English translator for the independent Egyptian newspaper laborative research initiative with over 50 researchers at 13 crowdsourcing leverages the knowledge and participa- Responsibility of the American Association for the Advance- Al-Masry Al-Youm. After graduating, he plans to establish universities in the US, Africa and Europe. The program ex- tion of members in a community to create or improve ment of Science; an Adjunct Associate Professor at Tulane a startup company focused on providing real-time analytics plores how climate change, conflict, governance and aid in- upon existing mapping products. There is a growing University’s Payson Center for International Development; and mapping from social media and other “big data” sources. tersect to impact African political stability and US national number of internet mapping tools that employ some and a regular consultant on vulnerability analysis to the security. aspects of cloud computing and crowdsourcing, in- United Nations World Food Programme. He graduated as Deterring or Displacing Electoral Irregularities? cluding, Eye on Earth, SERVIR, and GEOSS Africa an engineer in applied biological sciences from Gembloux Spillover Effects of Observers in a Mapping Life: Inventorying African Biodiversity Ecosystems Mapping. This presentation will highlight Agricultural University (Belgium), and holds a Ph.D. in In- results from an ongoing effort by the Africa Chapter of Randomized Field Experiment in Ghana James Hanken ternational Development from Tulane University. IALE* to crowdsource the knowledge of African scien- Nahomi Ichino tists and resource managers in evaluating the appro- Abstract: There may be as many as two billion speci- The Space of Time: Mapping Difference in the priateness of the GEOSS Africa Ecosystems Mapping Abstract: In new democracies, election observers are mens of preserved animals and plants in the world’s Pre-Colonial Yoruba City products for assessing ecosystem conditions in Sub-Sa- often deployed to deter and report on fraud and vio- natural history collections. Together with other obser- haran Africa. Additionally, I will discuss why we need Suzanne Blier lence. But they often have the unintended effect of vational data these specimens represent an invaluable to consolidate the emerging web mapping platforms pushing illicit activities to other alternative locations and unique record of life on Earth, which is especially to provide a meaningful “Geospatial Access Point” for Abstract: This paper explores the complex role that or earlier stages of the electoral process where they are important in the current era of global climate change, researchers and resource managers in African coun- idioms of tension and contestation play in pre-colonial harder to detect. A two-tier randomized field experi- human overpopulation, and environmental degrada- tries. Such an access point could unleash the potential urban life in the ancient the Yoruba city-state. In the ment during voter registration in 2008 in Ghana indeed tion. As one of Earth’s major biodiversity “hotspots,” of cloud computing infrastructure to bridge the gap same way that cities reveal their pasts in a diversity of shows that domestic observers appear to displace, not Africa poses unique challenges to those who seek to between regional centers of geospatial technology and ways, so too local political factors can be seen to have just deter, voter registration irregularities, with impli- provide ready access to such data to serve the needs the African user community. IALE* - International As- a critical part in the life of the city. Historic tensions re- cations for future measurement and analysis of elec- of conservation, land-use planning, resource manage- sociation for Landscape Ecology vealed through this means offer a lens into the ongoing toral fraud. ment, environmental policy, and human welfare. I dynamics of urban engagement. GIS, I argue, offers will demonstrate two contemporary initiatives in bio- I am currently Assistant Professor at the Geography Depart- unique insight into the political strategies that help Nahomi Ichino is an Assistant Professor in the Department diversity informatics that seek to address these chal- ment of Central Connecticut State University, where I teach define the city. Both temporal and spatial elements of of Government (FAS) at Harvard University. Her research lenges by making data available on the internet in ser- classes on GIScience, GIS and Internet/Web mapping. Cur- the urban landscape and use feature in this. interests include the development and effects of political in- vice of scientific research, learning and education, and rently, my research interest follows two concurrent tracks: stitutions in new democracies, particularly political parties public policy. MCZbase (www.mczbase.mcz.harvard. integration of GIS and remote sensing with spatial modeling Suzanne Preston Blier, the Allen Whitehill Clowes Profes- and electoral fraud in Africa. Her current research on Ghana edu) is an online data management system that serves and classification tree analyses to improve land use classifi- sor of Fine Arts and of African and African American Stud- is forthcoming in the Journal of Politics and the British Jour- digitized specimen records, images and associated 3 8 Abstract and Biogr Abstract and Biogr Tony Kiszewski is an Associate Professor of Epidemiology resented the largest category of goods used for trad- nal of Political Science. with its diffuse morphology spreading over a wide ter- at Bentley University, specializing in public health entomol- ing on the Guinea coast. While it is known that textiles rain and embodying a variety of forms, ranging from ogy, and in particular the ecology of malaria vectors. His were an important commodity, even in a period domi- Measuring Violence & Displacement in Kenya gargantuan gated tourist compounds, national parks to current research focuses on the use personal mosquito repel- nated by the export trade in slaves, historians of the temporary camps and SUV rallies, tourism generates Andy Harris lents to complement insecticide-treated bednets in Northern western savannah lack detail about the organization of new territorial patterns that augment and sometimes Ghana. cotton agriculture, textile manufacturing and their re- supplant existing infrastructural networks. Abstract: My research examines the causes and con- lationship to processes of social and historical change. sequences of political violence following Kenya’s I am using GIS to map the historical trajectories of this Aziza Chaouni is assistant professor at the John H. Daniels Cannabis: An African Biogeography, 1500-1940 2007-2008 election. In this talk, I demonstrate how this trade for the period between 1650 and 1850 by focusing Faculty of Architecture, Landscape, and Design at the Uni- Chris S. Duvall particular episode of violence targeted certain ethnic on the spatial relationships between savannah market versity of Toronto. She holds a Master of Architecture with groups and drastically reshaped the local ethnic (and towns—such as Jenne, Kankan, and Galam—cotton distinction from the Harvard Graduate School of Design Abstract: Cannabis indica, the primary source of mari- electoral) demography. I focus on a common strategy farms and residential communities as part of larger re- and a Bachelor of Science with Honors in Civil Engineer- juana, was introduced to East Africa from South Asia used to forcibly displace communities and discour- search into how Africans of this region responded to ing from Columbia University. Chaouni’s personal research about 1000 years ago, and diffused throughout East, age their return: arson. Since neither records of arson shifting regional and global trade dynamics. is focused both on Developing World design issues and on Central, and Southern Africa by the early 1400s. Af- nor census data on ethnicity are available, systematic methodologies to integrate architecture and landscape, and rican cultures of marijuana use independently devel- evidence of arson and its effects on specific ethnic sub- Jody Benjamin is a PhD Candidate in African and African more particularly trough investigating the potential of green oped technical and technological innovations such as populations prove difficult to obtain. I draw on diverse American Studies with a primary field in History. He stud- technologies in arid climates. smoking and water pipes. Scholars have barely recog- sources of spatial data, from colonial maps to remote ies West Africa during the period of the Atlantic slave trade, aphy nized these innovations, or assessed their significance sensing data, to measure the extent and magnitude aphy particularly the Mande-speaking regions of Upper Guinea in world history. In this presentation, I summarize an of ethnic targeting and displacement during Kenya’s Sacred Seascapes of the Mediterranean - and Senegambia. His interests include the history of Atlantic important impact of African marijuana knowledge: the 2007-2008 post-election violence. Sailing the Shores of North Africa & Beyond World, African Diaspora studies, and the intellectual histo- diffusion of Cannabis between 1492 and World War II. Jeff Howry ries of Africa and the black Atlantic from the 18th century Marijuana was a key ethnobotanical resource of the Andy is a Ph.D. candidate in Government at Harvard Uni- to the present. He has a BA in Black Studies and French (Continued) Central African Diaspora. Enslaved Africans carried versity, and will complete his dissertation next month. His Abstract: The presentation has three parts, each relat- (Continued) from Oberlin College. He was a journalist in South Florida marijuana seeds on slave ships with passive encour- research -- based on 2 years of fieldwork in Kenya -- focuses ing to navigating the Mediterranean in the first millen- where he won a Society of Professional Journalists Award agement from slavers, who allowed captives to smoke on Kenyan political history and economy, with an emphasis nium BCE. Ba’al is my navigator: Sailing among the for his coverage of a Haitian migrant detention crisis (2002) in transport and at many destinations. Brazil received on developing news methods and data sources to understand ports of the Mediterranean was more than just com- and later earned an MFA from Columbia University in Non- marijuana early via Portuguese slaving; the British fa- political behavior. In September 2012, he will begin a 3-year merce for the Phoenicians and other believers in Ca- Fiction Writing (2005). cilitated further dispersal in the 1800s by seizing Portu- research fellowship at Nuffield College, Oxford. naanite religion, it was a passage guided by the ‘lord of guese slave ships and settling re-captives in St. Helena, high places’, Ba’al. Analysis of the viewsheds projected Sierra Leone, Jamaica, and Liberia. From these loca- Boundary Softness in Historic West Central Africa from the high places of Ba’al shrines reveals that ‘dead Investigating Tourist Geographies in the Sahara tions, marijuana diffused elsewhere through trade and John Thornton reckoning’ navigation using the high places of Ba’al Aziza Chaouni labor migration. Europeans and South Asians also had was feasible in many instances of navigation. Itineraria direct roles in marijuana diffusion, but geovisualiza- Abstract: My interest in the Harvard AfricaMap project Phoenicia – Using written compilations ports along the Abstract: Since the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio, inter- tion of linguistic and historical evidence shows that is to explore ways to present mapping of pre-colonial North African coast as well as online sources of place national agencies have introduced new concepts in Africans had a foundational role in marijuana’s global African history using both the mapping. technology names in the ancient word, a navigator’s gazetteer of their development agendas. To foster sustainable history—indeed, the word ‘marijuana’ is ultimately an and GIS. My starting point is a map I created in 1998 North African ports and beyond is being published us- livelihoods, poverty alleviation should go hand-in- African loanword. of Atlantic Africa in 1625 and which was published ing WorldMap as the atlas platform. The Pharos (light- hand with good governance and biodiversity con- in my book Africa and Africans in the Making of the house) at Alexandria was among the ‘Seven wonders servation. Within this matrix, tourism, a crosscutting Since 2008, I have been an Assistant Professor in the De- Atlantic World (and republished projected on a geo- of the ancient world’ and stood for nearly 1,500 years. and fast-growing economic activity, has appeared as partment of Geography at the University of New Mexico. physical map in the Dorling Kindserly History World The Pharos was a critical landmark along the African a recurrent theme at international development plans Previously I was a member of the geography faculty at Atlas a few years later). My plan is to superimpose the coast with its characteristically low topography. View- worked out between national governments and inter- Michigan State University. For my doctoral research at the original map on a geo-referenced map (such as one of shed analysis applied to the Pharos may provide in- national funding and development agencies such as University of Wisconsin, I analyzed the interacting spatial the GoogleMaps suite) and correct borders to fit to- sight into how the coast was navigated for hundreds the World Bank or the United Nations Development ecologies of people, trees, and chimpanzees in southwestern pography at the micro-level. I would then like to use of years. Program (UNDP). Hence, put at the storefront of eco- Mali. This research led me to examine the historical bioge- GIS software to incorporate the substantial academic nomic development strategies, tourism is a key player ography of several transatlantic tree species, which in turn apparatus from the original publication into each cell Jeff Howry hangs his virtual hat at the Semitic Museum at orienting and reconfiguring territories, providing made me aware of the important but often overlooked role (=polity). Future work might be to trace the evolution where he works on a number of GIS-related projects rang- them with vital infrastructure, employment, foreign Africans have had in the diffusion of plants and botanical of each cell over time to create a time line of maps that ing from maritime activities of the first millennium BCE to exchange earnings, yet not without leaving question- knowledge in the Atlantic World. Since 2010 I have stud- could be displayed sequentially or in an animation that training archaeologists and heritage site managers in the use able socio-cultural and environmental imprints. With ied the historical biogeography of Cannabis, a challenging would illustrate, as much as is possible, the evolution of WorldMap. He is also the GIS analyst for the Gulf Ency- its proximity to Europe, its image as ultimate frontier, subject because marijuana prohibition has stunted research of pre-colonial polities. clopedia for Sustainable Urbanism, a multi-year project at wealth of desert ecosystems and cultural landmarks, since the early 1900s, and because many historical marijua- Graduate School of Design examining the growth ten cities the Sahara desert is no exception to tourism’s multiva- na users were subaltern peoples who were often neglected or John K. Thornton is professor of History and African Ameri- in the Persian Gulf. His training includes archaeology, lin- lent phenomena. The disappearance of caravan trade misrepresented in source documents. can Studies at Boston University. He received a BA from guistics and social anthropology, with a particular emphasis routes paired with the decline of nomadic pastoralism the University of Michigan and MA and PhD from UCLA, on the analysis of trade and social change. and the rampant abandoning of oasis agriculture, have and has taught at the University of Zambia, University of The Texture of Change: Cloth, Commerce and rendered tourism as one of the main sources of income Virginia, Allegheny College and Millersville University. Social History in Western Africa, 1650-1850 for the Saharan population. This presentation argues Space, Place, Time and Tsetse Thornton’s primary research field is the history of West Jody Benjamin that Saharan tourism not only recasts the meaning and Joseph Messina Central Africa, especially the Kingdom of Kongo, but he has identity of rural landscapes, but also introduces struc- written about a wide range of areas, including the African Abstract: During the period of the Atlantic slave trade, turing models that subvert the conventional rural/ Abstract: African trypanosomiasis (AT), a neglected Diaspora, and the history of religion, demography, warfare, cotton textiles imported from India and Europe rep- urban, center/periphery settlement structures. In fact, tropical disease, is a zoonotic, parasitic infection of 7 4 Abstract and Biogr Abstract and Biogr wildlife, domesticated animals, and humans whose Sudan (Darfur and Red Sea Hills), Egypt, Oman and Unit- Child Health and Social Ecology (CHASE), an adolescent- causative agents (parasites of the Trypanosoma brucei ed Arab Emirates, (ii) evaluation of the geomorphic effects of centered health promotion intervention in Moshi, Tanzania Marcella Alsan holds a MPH and MD and is board certified species complex) are transmitted by bite of the tsetse the Gulf War in Kuwait using pre- and post-war satellite im- (2003-present). Spatial mapping, of neighborhoods and of in internal medicine and infectious disease. She is currently fly (genus Glossina). Approximately 8.5 million km2 in ages, (iii) characterization of wetland degradation processes the community mobilization activities around HIV (and a practicing physician at Massachusetts General Hospital 37 Sub-Saharan Africa countries are infested with tse- in Spain, (v) assessment of flash flood potential of ephemeral now malaria), has been a major focus of her current work. and a PhD candidate in economics at Harvard. Her research tse, resulting in approximately 70 million people with rivers (wadis) in Egypt, Oman, and United Arab Emirates, is on the effect of communicable disease on institutions and exposure risk. The disease is also one of the most im- (vi) discovery of hidden Maya ruins in the thick rainforest of Anemia: Spatial Mapping in Sub-Saharan Africa culture in Africa and the use of behavioral economics to im- portant economic burdens in Sub-Saharan Africa, with Guatemala, and (vii) relationship between landscape evolu- prove health outcomes. Julia Finkelstein Animal African Trypanosomiasis (AAT) reducing live- tion and cultural development of the Axumite kingdom in stock productivity by 20% to 40% in tsetse areas. We N Ethiopia, and the possible causes for past and present-day Using Geographic Information Systems to Abstract: Anemia is a severe public health problem know that tsetse occupy fundamental niche spaces that land degradation problems in this region. in many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, and poses a Support HIV Care in Rwanda based on existing data they should not, and we know major threat to maternal and child health. Anemia is Fabien Munyaneza that tsetse are missing from areas where based on all Community Mobilization, Spatial Mapping and common in pregnancy, and is associated with an in- habitat constraints they could exist in large and stable Malaria Control creased risk of maternal and infant death, impaired Abstract: Partners In Health (PIH) supports the Rwan- populations. These uncertainties make cost effective Felton Earls & Mary Carlson cognitive development, growth, and immune function da Ministry of Health (MoH) in providing comprehen- surveillance, control, and intervention efforts extreme- in childhood, and reduced work capacity later in life. sive patient care in three districts (Kayonza, Kirehe ly difficult and traditional epidemiological prediction Abstract: The Young Citizens (YC) Program in the Approximately half of anemia is due to nutritional iron and Burera). To improve service delivery and ensure almost impossible. Here, I detail these challenges, fo- aphy Kilimanjaro Region of Tanzania engages adolescents deficiency, but this may vary by geography- andre equity in access to care, PIH has used GIS to map vil- aphy cusing on Kenya, and present a modeling solution that to work as health agents to build HIV and malaria lated socioeconomic and environmental factors. How- lages and aggregate patient data within the supported accounts for these variations over space and time. competence. This Program, evaluated by a cluster ran- ever, relatively little is known about the geographic catchment areas. In the first phase, the GIS team has domized controlled trial, comprises HIV education variation in anemia in Africa. In this presentation, we trained community health workers to use GPS devices Joe Messina is an Associate Professor appointed in Geog- and public deliberation skills. More recently, the Pro- explore the geographic distribution of anemia in Sub- and conducted thorough mapping of villages in the raphy, the Center for Global Change and Earth Observa- (Continued) gram has been building malaria competence through Saharan Africa, to help inform targeted interventions PIH catchment areas. In the next phase, patient data (Continued) tions, the African Studies Center, and the Ecology, Evolu- community education and mobilization in controlling and health resource allocation in anemia prevention (height, weight, dates of last CD4, and missed visit sta- tionary Biology, and Behavior Program at Michigan State endemic malaria. Their skill in collecting GPS data, in and control. tus) from the Electronic Medical Records system (EMR) University. He received the Ph.D. in Geography from the combination with the GIS capacities of Africa Map, en- has been cleaned, aggregated to the village level and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (2001) and has ables them to develop maps of the households where Julia Finkelstein, MPH SM ScD is a faculty member in the imported into ArcGIS for analysis. The analysis identi- received research honors from NASA through the New In- they provide scientific explanations and demonstra- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, and fied proportion of villages within 5km to the nearest vestigator Program, the National Institutes of Health Road- tions of environmental management practices. In addi- a Fellow at the Center for Geographic Analysis, Harvard health facility. In addition, it revealed a significant map Program, and Sigma Xi. He has worked in the Ecuador, tion, they create maps of larval counts before and after University. She received her Bachelor of Science degree from variation in proportion of underweight patients by sec- Thailand, China, and East Africa on human/environment introducing a Tanzanian larval-eating fish to experi- McGill University, Canada; Masters of Public Health de- tor, with highest rates in Rutamira and Ndego sectors interactions and land change science. mental ponds in their neighborhoods. Spatial data is gree from Brown University; and Master of Science and in Southern Kayonza and Mushikiri sector in Kirehe. key to the next phase of this work on the effectiveness Doctor of Science degrees in Epidemiology and Nutritional The results of the analyses were visualized in maps and Sensing New Water Resources in Egypt from Space of the community mobilization and biocontrol efforts Epidemiology from the Harvard School of Public Health. Dr. shared with Medical Directors, clinicians, administra- Magaly Koch in environmental management of malaria in urban and Finkelstein is co-PI of IndiaMap and contributes to the Afri- tors and community health teams. rural areas of Northern Tanzania. caMap and WorldMap projects at the Center for Geographic Abstract: A new development corridor plan has been Analysis, Harvard University. In her research, she applies Fabien Munyaneza is a GIS Coordinator with Partners In proposed to help alleviate Egypt’s growing overpopu- Felton Earls is Research Professor of Human Behavior and GIS and epidemiological methods to public health research Health (PIH) in Rwanda. His expertise is in applications lation along the Nile River that entails gradually ex- Development at the Harvard School of Public Health and in sub-Saharan Africa and the Indian subcontinent. of GIS in health for M&E (Monitoring & Evaluation) and tending development activities from the western side Professor Emeritus of Social Medicine and Child Psychiatry research to improve health systems strengthening efforts in of the Nile Delta and Valley further toward the west. at Harvard Medical School. From 1990 to 2005, he was Prin- Rwanda. Under his guidance, the PIH-GIS team in Rwanda Tsetse fly: Slavery and Sleeping Sickness In cooperation with Suez Canal University in Egypt, a cipal Investigator of The Project on Human Development in has been thoroughly mapping the PIH catchment areas and Marcella Alsan pilot study is being undertaken in the Aswan sector to Chicago Neighborhoods, a multilevel, longitudinal study on analyzing the distributions of potable water, malnutrition develop new techniques for multisensor spatial data the causes and consequences of exposure to urban violence. and cesarean sections (among others) to facilitate improved Abstract: One of the puzzles of African economic his- and information integration for water exploration and This study incorporated spatial analyses of the social dynam- health service delivery. Before he joined PIH, Fabien taught tory is its low population density relative to other parts land use planning. Satellite borne and ground pene- ics of urban neighborhoods. Since 2003, he has worked on a primary and secondary school and worked as a Land Survey of the Old World. In this paper, I investigate the role of trating radar systems have been used to detect and de- randomized community-level trial aimed at mitigating the and GIS Specialist in Rwanda. In addition to his involve- the TseTse fly on pre-colonial African development. I lineate subsurface structures (faults, paleo-channels) impact of the AIDS epidemic. Conducted in Tanzania, the ment in the healthcare field, Fabien is interested in wildlife identify the TseTse effect by creating a suitability index that have the potential of carrying large quantities of work builds on ecological theory and findings of the Chicago conservation and management. based on insect physiology and abiotic climate factors. groundwater. Images from optical satellite sensors study to strengthen community capacity to promote health. Combining the TseTse suitability index with ethno- provided information about surface sediments charac- graphic data, I find that areas more suitable for the fly The Maize/Malaria Connection in Western Ethiopia teristics and their origin and deposition by the ances- Mary Carlson is Associate Professor of Psychiatry at the Har- are characterized by lower population, less advanced Anthony Kiszewski tral Nile (Protonile) west of Aswan. This area is prom- vard Medical School. After decades of laboratory research in agricultural technology and more indigenous slavery. ising for agricultural development in terms of water neurobiology on spatial mapping of sensory areas of primate As a placebo check, I use Thiessen polygons approach Abstract: Malaria transmission has long been connect- availability and soil quality. cerebral cortex, she attended the Harvard Kennedy School to to apply the same methodology to the rest of the ed with various types of agricultural practices includ- study social policy addressing child health and development world. I find that the TseTse suitability index does not ing irrigation via microdams and cultivation of wetland Dr. Magaly Koch is a geologist specialized in the application (1991-1992). Her research interests were redirected toward explain agricultural practices outside Africa, where the rice. Its association with maize, however, is much less of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems the role of early experience in neurobehavioral development, fly was absent. Simulating African development in the appreciated and was explored on scales from puddles in the study of groundwater resources and environmental by studies of institutionalized children in Romania and absence of the TseTse, I estimate that historical African to villages to regions in a series of studies conducted in change of arid and tropical regions. She has conducted re- community-based programs for street children in Brazil and institutions and population density would have been the Ethiopian highlands. search on the: (i) estimation of the ground water potential in South Africa. Together with Felton Earls, she co-directed the closer to that of Asia in the absence of the fly. 5 6 Abstract and Biogr Abstract and Biogr wildlife, domesticated animals, and humans whose Sudan (Darfur and Red Sea Hills), Egypt, Oman and Unit- Child Health and Social Ecology (CHASE), an adolescent- causative agents (parasites of the Trypanosoma brucei ed Arab Emirates, (ii) evaluation of the geomorphic effects of centered health promotion intervention in Moshi, Tanzania Marcella Alsan holds a MPH and MD and is board certified species complex) are transmitted by bite of the tsetse the Gulf War in Kuwait using pre- and post-war satellite im- (2003-present). Spatial mapping, of neighborhoods and of in internal medicine and infectious disease. She is currently fly (genus Glossina). Approximately 8.5 million km2 in ages, (iii) characterization of wetland degradation processes the community mobilization activities around HIV (and a practicing physician at Massachusetts General Hospital 37 Sub-Saharan Africa countries are infested with tse- in Spain, (v) assessment of flash flood potential of ephemeral now malaria), has been a major focus of her current work. and a PhD candidate in economics at Harvard. Her research tse, resulting in approximately 70 million people with rivers (wadis) in Egypt, Oman, and United Arab Emirates, is on the effect of communicable disease on institutions and exposure risk. The disease is also one of the most im- (vi) discovery of hidden Maya ruins in the thick rainforest of Anemia: Spatial Mapping in Sub-Saharan Africa culture in Africa and the use of behavioral economics to im- portant economic burdens in Sub-Saharan Africa, with Guatemala, and (vii) relationship between landscape evolu- prove health outcomes. Julia Finkelstein Animal African Trypanosomiasis (AAT) reducing live- tion and cultural development of the Axumite kingdom in stock productivity by 20% to 40% in tsetse areas. We N Ethiopia, and the possible causes for past and present-day Using Geographic Information Systems to Abstract: Anemia is a severe public health problem know that tsetse occupy fundamental niche spaces that land degradation problems in this region. in many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, and poses a Support HIV Care in Rwanda based on existing data they should not, and we know major threat to maternal and child health. Anemia is Fabien Munyaneza that tsetse are missing from areas where based on all Community Mobilization, Spatial Mapping and common in pregnancy, and is associated with an in- habitat constraints they could exist in large and stable Malaria Control creased risk of maternal and infant death, impaired Abstract: Partners In Health (PIH) supports the Rwan- populations. These uncertainties make cost effective Felton Earls & Mary Carlson cognitive development, growth, and immune function da Ministry of Health (MoH) in providing comprehen- surveillance, control, and intervention efforts extreme- in childhood, and reduced work capacity later in life. sive patient care in three districts (Kayonza, Kirehe ly difficult and traditional epidemiological prediction Abstract: The Young Citizens (YC) Program in the Approximately half of anemia is due to nutritional iron and Burera). To improve service delivery and ensure almost impossible. Here, I detail these challenges, fo- aphy Kilimanjaro Region of Tanzania engages adolescents deficiency, but this may vary by geography- andre equity in access to care, PIH has used GIS to map vil- aphy cusing on Kenya, and present a modeling solution that to work as health agents to build HIV and malaria lated socioeconomic and environmental factors. How- lages and aggregate patient data within the supported accounts for these variations over space and time. competence. This Program, evaluated by a cluster ran- ever, relatively little is known about the geographic catchment areas. In the first phase, the GIS team has domized controlled trial, comprises HIV education variation in anemia in Africa. In this presentation, we trained community health workers to use GPS devices Joe Messina is an Associate Professor appointed in Geog- and public deliberation skills. More recently, the Pro- explore the geographic distribution of anemia in Sub- and conducted thorough mapping of villages in the raphy, the Center for Global Change and Earth Observa- (Continued) gram has been building malaria competence through Saharan Africa, to help inform targeted interventions PIH catchment areas. In the next phase, patient data (Continued) tions, the African Studies Center, and the Ecology, Evolu- community education and mobilization in controlling and health resource allocation in anemia prevention (height, weight, dates of last CD4, and missed visit sta- tionary Biology, and Behavior Program at Michigan State endemic malaria. Their skill in collecting GPS data, in and control. tus) from the Electronic Medical Records system (EMR) University. He received the Ph.D. in Geography from the combination with the GIS capacities of Africa Map, en- has been cleaned, aggregated to the village level and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (2001) and has ables them to develop maps of the households where Julia Finkelstein, MPH SM ScD is a faculty member in the imported into ArcGIS for analysis. The analysis identi- received research honors from NASA through the New In- they provide scientific explanations and demonstra- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, and fied proportion of villages within 5km to the nearest vestigator Program, the National Institutes of Health Road- tions of environmental management practices. In addi- a Fellow at the Center for Geographic Analysis, Harvard health facility. In addition, it revealed a significant map Program, and Sigma Xi. He has worked in the Ecuador, tion, they create maps of larval counts before and after University. She received her Bachelor of Science degree from variation in proportion of underweight patients by sec- Thailand, China, and East Africa on human/environment introducing a Tanzanian larval-eating fish to experi- McGill University, Canada; Masters of Public Health de- tor, with highest rates in Rutamira and Ndego sectors interactions and land change science. mental ponds in their neighborhoods. Spatial data is gree from Brown University; and Master of Science and in Southern Kayonza and Mushikiri sector in Kirehe. key to the next phase of this work on the effectiveness Doctor of Science degrees in Epidemiology and Nutritional The results of the analyses were visualized in maps and Sensing New Water Resources in Egypt from Space of the community mobilization and biocontrol efforts Epidemiology from the Harvard School of Public Health. Dr. shared with Medical Directors, clinicians, administra- Magaly Koch in environmental management of malaria in urban and Finkelstein is co-PI of IndiaMap and contributes to the Afri- tors and community health teams. rural areas of Northern Tanzania. caMap and WorldMap projects at the Center for Geographic Abstract: A new development corridor plan has been Analysis, Harvard University. In her research, she applies Fabien Munyaneza is a GIS Coordinator with Partners In proposed to help alleviate Egypt’s growing overpopu- Felton Earls is Research Professor of Human Behavior and GIS and epidemiological methods to public health research Health (PIH) in Rwanda. His expertise is in applications lation along the Nile River that entails gradually ex- Development at the Harvard School of Public Health and in sub-Saharan Africa and the Indian subcontinent. of GIS in health for M&E (Monitoring & Evaluation) and tending development activities from the western side Professor Emeritus of Social Medicine and Child Psychiatry research to improve health systems strengthening efforts in of the Nile Delta and Valley further toward the west. at Harvard Medical School. From 1990 to 2005, he was Prin- Rwanda. Under his guidance, the PIH-GIS team in Rwanda Tsetse fly: Slavery and Sleeping Sickness In cooperation with Suez Canal University in Egypt, a cipal Investigator of The Project on Human Development in has been thoroughly mapping the PIH catchment areas and Marcella Alsan pilot study is being undertaken in the Aswan sector to Chicago Neighborhoods, a multilevel, longitudinal study on analyzing the distributions of potable water, malnutrition develop new techniques for multisensor spatial data the causes and consequences of exposure to urban violence. and cesarean sections (among others) to facilitate improved Abstract: One of the puzzles of African economic his- and information integration for water exploration and This study incorporated spatial analyses of the social dynam- health service delivery. Before he joined PIH, Fabien taught tory is its low population density relative to other parts land use planning. Satellite borne and ground pene- ics of urban neighborhoods. Since 2003, he has worked on a primary and secondary school and worked as a Land Survey of the Old World. In this paper, I investigate the role of trating radar systems have been used to detect and de- randomized community-level trial aimed at mitigating the and GIS Specialist in Rwanda. In addition to his involve- the TseTse fly on pre-colonial African development. I lineate subsurface structures (faults, paleo-channels) impact of the AIDS epidemic. Conducted in Tanzania, the ment in the healthcare field, Fabien is interested in wildlife identify the TseTse effect by creating a suitability index that have the potential of carrying large quantities of work builds on ecological theory and findings of the Chicago conservation and management. based on insect physiology and abiotic climate factors. groundwater. Images from optical satellite sensors study to strengthen community capacity to promote health. Combining the TseTse suitability index with ethno- provided information about surface sediments charac- graphic data, I find that areas more suitable for the fly The Maize/Malaria Connection in Western Ethiopia teristics and their origin and deposition by the ances- Mary Carlson is Associate Professor of Psychiatry at the Har- are characterized by lower population, less advanced Anthony Kiszewski tral Nile (Protonile) west of Aswan. This area is prom- vard Medical School. After decades of laboratory research in agricultural technology and more indigenous slavery. ising for agricultural development in terms of water neurobiology on spatial mapping of sensory areas of primate As a placebo check, I use Thiessen polygons approach Abstract: Malaria transmission has long been connect- availability and soil quality. cerebral cortex, she attended the Harvard Kennedy School to to apply the same methodology to the rest of the ed with various types of agricultural practices includ- study social policy addressing child health and development world. I find that the TseTse suitability index does not ing irrigation via microdams and cultivation of wetland Dr. Magaly Koch is a geologist specialized in the application (1991-1992). Her research interests were redirected toward explain agricultural practices outside Africa, where the rice. Its association with maize, however, is much less of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems the role of early experience in neurobehavioral development, fly was absent. Simulating African development in the appreciated and was explored on scales from puddles in the study of groundwater resources and environmental by studies of institutionalized children in Romania and absence of the TseTse, I estimate that historical African to villages to regions in a series of studies conducted in change of arid and tropical regions. She has conducted re- community-based programs for street children in Brazil and institutions and population density would have been the Ethiopian highlands. search on the: (i) estimation of the ground water potential in South Africa. Together with Felton Earls, she co-directed the closer to that of Asia in the absence of the fly. 5 6 Abstract and Biogr Abstract and Biogr Tony Kiszewski is an Associate Professor of Epidemiology resented the largest category of goods used for trad- nal of Political Science. with its diffuse morphology spreading over a wide ter- at Bentley University, specializing in public health entomol- ing on the Guinea coast. While it is known that textiles rain and embodying a variety of forms, ranging from ogy, and in particular the ecology of malaria vectors. His were an important commodity, even in a period domi- Measuring Violence & Displacement in Kenya gargantuan gated tourist compounds, national parks to current research focuses on the use personal mosquito repel- nated by the export trade in slaves, historians of the temporary camps and SUV rallies, tourism generates Andy Harris lents to complement insecticide-treated bednets in Northern western savannah lack detail about the organization of new territorial patterns that augment and sometimes Ghana. cotton agriculture, textile manufacturing and their re- supplant existing infrastructural networks. Abstract: My research examines the causes and con- lationship to processes of social and historical change. sequences of political violence following Kenya’s I am using GIS to map the historical trajectories of this Aziza Chaouni is assistant professor at the John H. Daniels Cannabis: An African Biogeography, 1500-1940 2007-2008 election. In this talk, I demonstrate how this trade for the period between 1650 and 1850 by focusing Faculty of Architecture, Landscape, and Design at the Uni- Chris S. Duvall particular episode of violence targeted certain ethnic on the spatial relationships between savannah market versity of Toronto. She holds a Master of Architecture with groups and drastically reshaped the local ethnic (and towns—such as Jenne, Kankan, and Galam—cotton distinction from the Harvard Graduate School of Design Abstract: Cannabis indica, the primary source of mari- electoral) demography. I focus on a common strategy farms and residential communities as part of larger re- and a Bachelor of Science with Honors in Civil Engineer- juana, was introduced to East Africa from South Asia used to forcibly displace communities and discour- search into how Africans of this region responded to ing from Columbia University. Chaouni’s personal research about 1000 years ago, and diffused throughout East, age their return: arson. Since neither records of arson shifting regional and global trade dynamics. is focused both on Developing World design issues and on Central, and Southern Africa by the early 1400s. Af- nor census data on ethnicity are available, systematic methodologies to integrate architecture and landscape, and rican cultures of marijuana use independently devel- evidence of arson and its effects on specific ethnic sub- Jody Benjamin is a PhD Candidate in African and African more particularly trough investigating the potential of green oped technical and technological innovations such as populations prove difficult to obtain. I draw on diverse American Studies with a primary field in History. He stud- technologies in arid climates. smoking and water pipes. Scholars have barely recog- sources of spatial data, from colonial maps to remote ies West Africa during the period of the Atlantic slave trade, aphy nized these innovations, or assessed their significance sensing data, to measure the extent and magnitude aphy particularly the Mande-speaking regions of Upper Guinea in world history. In this presentation, I summarize an of ethnic targeting and displacement during Kenya’s Sacred Seascapes of the Mediterranean - and Senegambia. His interests include the history of Atlantic important impact of African marijuana knowledge: the 2007-2008 post-election violence. Sailing the Shores of North Africa & Beyond World, African Diaspora studies, and the intellectual histo- diffusion of Cannabis between 1492 and World War II. Jeff Howry ries of Africa and the black Atlantic from the 18th century Marijuana was a key ethnobotanical resource of the Andy is a Ph.D. candidate in Government at Harvard Uni- to the present. He has a BA in Black Studies and French (Continued) Central African Diaspora. Enslaved Africans carried versity, and will complete his dissertation next month. His Abstract: The presentation has three parts, each relat- (Continued) from Oberlin College. He was a journalist in South Florida marijuana seeds on slave ships with passive encour- research -- based on 2 years of fieldwork in Kenya -- focuses ing to navigating the Mediterranean in the first millen- where he won a Society of Professional Journalists Award agement from slavers, who allowed captives to smoke on Kenyan political history and economy, with an emphasis nium BCE. Ba’al is my navigator: Sailing among the for his coverage of a Haitian migrant detention crisis (2002) in transport and at many destinations. Brazil received on developing news methods and data sources to understand ports of the Mediterranean was more than just com- and later earned an MFA from Columbia University in Non- marijuana early via Portuguese slaving; the British fa- political behavior. In September 2012, he will begin a 3-year merce for the Phoenicians and other believers in Ca- Fiction Writing (2005). cilitated further dispersal in the 1800s by seizing Portu- research fellowship at Nuffield College, Oxford. naanite religion, it was a passage guided by the ‘lord of guese slave ships and settling re-captives in St. Helena, high places’, Ba’al. Analysis of the viewsheds projected Sierra Leone, Jamaica, and Liberia. From these loca- Boundary Softness in Historic West Central Africa from the high places of Ba’al shrines reveals that ‘dead Investigating Tourist Geographies in the Sahara tions, marijuana diffused elsewhere through trade and John Thornton reckoning’ navigation using the high places of Ba’al Aziza Chaouni labor migration. Europeans and South Asians also had was feasible in many instances of navigation. Itineraria direct roles in marijuana diffusion, but geovisualiza- Abstract: My interest in the Harvard AfricaMap project Phoenicia – Using written compilations ports along the Abstract: Since the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio, inter- tion of linguistic and historical evidence shows that is to explore ways to present mapping of pre-colonial North African coast as well as online sources of place national agencies have introduced new concepts in Africans had a foundational role in marijuana’s global African history using both the mapping. technology names in the ancient word, a navigator’s gazetteer of their development agendas. To foster sustainable history—indeed, the word ‘marijuana’ is ultimately an and GIS. My starting point is a map I created in 1998 North African ports and beyond is being published us- livelihoods, poverty alleviation should go hand-in- African loanword. of Atlantic Africa in 1625 and which was published ing WorldMap as the atlas platform. The Pharos (light- hand with good governance and biodiversity con- in my book Africa and Africans in the Making of the house) at Alexandria was among the ‘Seven wonders servation. Within this matrix, tourism, a crosscutting Since 2008, I have been an Assistant Professor in the De- Atlantic World (and republished projected on a geo- of the ancient world’ and stood for nearly 1,500 years. and fast-growing economic activity, has appeared as partment of Geography at the University of New Mexico. physical map in the Dorling Kindserly History World The Pharos was a critical landmark along the African a recurrent theme at international development plans Previously I was a member of the geography faculty at Atlas a few years later). My plan is to superimpose the coast with its characteristically low topography. View- worked out between national governments and inter- Michigan State University. For my doctoral research at the original map on a geo-referenced map (such as one of shed analysis applied to the Pharos may provide in- national funding and development agencies such as University of Wisconsin, I analyzed the interacting spatial the GoogleMaps suite) and correct borders to fit to- sight into how the coast was navigated for hundreds the World Bank or the United Nations Development ecologies of people, trees, and chimpanzees in southwestern pography at the micro-level. I would then like to use of years. Program (UNDP). Hence, put at the storefront of eco- Mali. This research led me to examine the historical bioge- GIS software to incorporate the substantial academic nomic development strategies, tourism is a key player ography of several transatlantic tree species, which in turn apparatus from the original publication into each cell Jeff Howry hangs his virtual hat at the Semitic Museum at orienting and reconfiguring territories, providing made me aware of the important but often overlooked role (=polity). Future work might be to trace the evolution where he works on a number of GIS-related projects rang- them with vital infrastructure, employment, foreign Africans have had in the diffusion of plants and botanical of each cell over time to create a time line of maps that ing from maritime activities of the first millennium BCE to exchange earnings, yet not without leaving question- knowledge in the Atlantic World. Since 2010 I have stud- could be displayed sequentially or in an animation that training archaeologists and heritage site managers in the use able socio-cultural and environmental imprints. With ied the historical biogeography of Cannabis, a challenging would illustrate, as much as is possible, the evolution of WorldMap. He is also the GIS analyst for the Gulf Ency- its proximity to Europe, its image as ultimate frontier, subject because marijuana prohibition has stunted research of pre-colonial polities. clopedia for Sustainable Urbanism, a multi-year project at wealth of desert ecosystems and cultural landmarks, since the early 1900s, and because many historical marijua- Graduate School of Design examining the growth ten cities the Sahara desert is no exception to tourism’s multiva- na users were subaltern peoples who were often neglected or John K. Thornton is professor of History and African Ameri- in the Persian Gulf. His training includes archaeology, lin- lent phenomena. The disappearance of caravan trade misrepresented in source documents. can Studies at Boston University. He received a BA from guistics and social anthropology, with a particular emphasis routes paired with the decline of nomadic pastoralism the University of Michigan and MA and PhD from UCLA, on the analysis of trade and social change. and the rampant abandoning of oasis agriculture, have and has taught at the University of Zambia, University of The Texture of Change: Cloth, Commerce and rendered tourism as one of the main sources of income Virginia, Allegheny College and Millersville University. Social History in Western Africa, 1650-1850 for the Saharan population. This presentation argues Space, Place, Time and Tsetse Thornton’s primary research field is the history of West Jody Benjamin that Saharan tourism not only recasts the meaning and Joseph Messina Central Africa, especially the Kingdom of Kongo, but he has identity of rural landscapes, but also introduces struc- written about a wide range of areas, including the African Abstract: During the period of the Atlantic slave trade, turing models that subvert the conventional rural/ Abstract: African trypanosomiasis (AT), a neglected Diaspora, and the history of religion, demography, warfare, cotton textiles imported from India and Europe rep- urban, center/periphery settlement structures. In fact, tropical disease, is a zoonotic, parasitic infection of 7 4 Abstract and Biogr Abstract and Biogr ies at Harvard, publishes on African art, architecture, and and cultural history. His most recent project sought to re- metadata, including georeferenced collecting locali- Keynote Address: Putting Peace on the Map urbanism. She is co-chair of the Africamap website. cast the history of the Atlantic basin to focus on interconti- ties that can be mapped in real time, and in turn shares Patrick Vinck nental relations. its content with global aggregators, such as the Global Social Media as Passive Polling: Biodiversity Information Facility (www.gbif.org). The Abstract: Over the last 10 years, our research team Using Twitter to Map Islamist Sentiment in Egypt Responding to Change: Mapping the Intersection Encyclopedia of Life (www.eol.org) seeks to organize, of Climate Change, Conflict, and Aid in Africa provide access to, and facilitate use of all information has applied empirical methods of research to capture Todd Mostak about biological species that is available in digital form. the experience, opinions, and attitudes of survivors Ashley Moran of mass violence in northern Uganda, eastern Demo- Abstract: The recent popular uprisings in the Middle James Hanken is Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology cratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic East have drawn attention to the ways in which Inter- Abstract: The complex pathways from climate changes and director of Harvard’s Museum of Comparative Zoology. and in Liberia, among others. The research methods net social media platforms such as Twitter and Face- to security impacts have demanded new datasets to fill He studied zoology at UC Berkeley and had postdoctoral have included population-based surveys, qualitative book can catalyze political change. To the extent that knowledge gaps, but also new ways of presenting data training in developmental biology at Dalhousie University. studies, focus groups, and ethnography. In this talk, I this “new media” represents a novel avenue for ex- to be of most use in policy planning. The new mapping At Harvard he also is Professor of Organismic and Evolu- will focus on the digital data collection and interactive pression in countries such as Egypt long characterized tool from the Climate Change and African Political tionary Biology and is affiliated with the Biological Sciences mapping tools we developed to provide results faster by a suppressed public discourse, it also presents re- Stability program enables researchers and policymak- in Dental Medicine Program, Harvard School of Dental and more accurately, while also increasing the safety searchers with a vast untapped source of timestamped, ers to visualize data on climate change vulnerability, Medicine, and the Center for Health and the Global Envi- of all those involved in the research, and enabling us- geocoded public opinion data. n this presentation, I conflict, and aid, and to analyze how these issues inter- ronment, Harvard Medical School. His research focuses on ers to explore aggregated results in near real-time. employ the methods of computational linguistics to sect in Africa. Where could local conflict patterns ex- evolutionary biology and systematics, as well as biodiversity aphy The results of the studies are featured on the recently compare Egyptians’ Twitter utterances with discourse acerbate climate-induced insecurity? Do international aphy informatics; he maintains field programs in Africa, Asia, and launched www.peacebuildingdata.org, giving access mined from the Arabic-language chatrooms of Egyp- aid interventions target areas where climate change Central and South America. to results of interviews with nearly 25,000 survivors of tian Islamist organizations such as the Muslim Brother- poses the most significant risk to sustainable develop- mass violence. hood, with the goal of creating a map of how Islamist ment and political stability? By allowing users to ana- sentiment varies across Egypt. I will also present on my lyze multiple data sources at once, the climate security Crowdsourcing and Cloud Computing for Improved Dr. Vinck, Ph.D. is a Research Scientist at the Harvard Ecosystems Mapping in Sub-Saharan Africa efforts to develop new software tools that harness the mapping tool enables integrated analysis of how myri- (Continued) School of Public Health and Associate Faculty with the Har- massively parallel capabilities of the computer GPU ad climate change impacts and responses intersect. Henry N. N. Bulley vard Humanitarian Initiative (HHI). Before joining HHI in (Graphics Processing Unit) to spatially analyze and 2011, he directed and co-founded the Initiative for Vulner- map gigabytes of social media data in real time. Ms. Ashley McIlvain Moran is an Associate at the Robert Abstract: Recent advances in geospatial and informa- able Populations at UC Berkeley’s Human Rights Center, S. Strauss Center for International Security and Law, where tion technology present a unique opportunity for a where he focused on managing and implementing empirical Todd Mostak is currently finishing his last semester in Har- her work focuses on democratic legal and institutional re- multi-scale assessment of ecosystem conditions, in line studies on the process of social reconstruction in countries vard’s A.M. program in Middle Eastern Studies. After ob- form, comparative law, and rule of law. Ms. Moran runs the with increasing emphasis on holistic ecosystems ap- affected by mass violence. His work is informed by several taining his undergraduate degree in Economics and Anthro- Strauss Center’s program on Climate Change and African proach to sustainable resource management in African years of experience working on development projects in Af- pology, he taught English in Aleppo and Damascus, Syria for Political Stability (CCAPS), and leads the democratic gov- countries. In particular, cloud-based Internet GIS pro- rica. Vinck also-cofounded KoBoToolbox, a digital data col- a year. He then spent 16 months in Cairo as a fellow in the ernance research team under the program. Funded by the vides a scalable platform for collaborative collection, lection project to advance human rights research. He serves Center for Arabic Study Abroad (CASA) and as an Arabic- U.S. Department of Defense, the CCAPS program is a col- sharing, and visualizing geospatial data. Additionally, as a member on the Committee on Scientific Freedom and English translator for the independent Egyptian newspaper laborative research initiative with over 50 researchers at 13 crowdsourcing leverages the knowledge and participa- Responsibility of the American Association for the Advance- Al-Masry Al-Youm. After graduating, he plans to establish universities in the US, Africa and Europe. The program ex- tion of members in a community to create or improve ment of Science; an Adjunct Associate Professor at Tulane a startup company focused on providing real-time analytics plores how climate change, conflict, governance and aid in- upon existing mapping products. There is a growing University’s Payson Center for International Development; and mapping from social media and other “big data” sources. tersect to impact African political stability and US national number of internet mapping tools that employ some and a regular consultant on vulnerability analysis to the security. aspects of cloud computing and crowdsourcing, in- United Nations World Food Programme. He graduated as Deterring or Displacing Electoral Irregularities? cluding, Eye on Earth, SERVIR, and GEOSS Africa an engineer in applied biological sciences from Gembloux Spillover Effects of Observers in a Mapping Life: Inventorying African Biodiversity Ecosystems Mapping. This presentation will highlight Agricultural University (Belgium), and holds a Ph.D. in In- results from an ongoing effort by the Africa Chapter of Randomized Field Experiment in Ghana James Hanken ternational Development from Tulane University. IALE* to crowdsource the knowledge of African scien- Nahomi Ichino tists and resource managers in evaluating the appro- Abstract: There may be as many as two billion speci- The Space of Time: Mapping Difference in the priateness of the GEOSS Africa Ecosystems Mapping Abstract: In new democracies, election observers are mens of preserved animals and plants in the world’s Pre-Colonial Yoruba City products for assessing ecosystem conditions in Sub-Sa- often deployed to deter and report on fraud and vio- natural history collections. Together with other obser- haran Africa. Additionally, I will discuss why we need Suzanne Blier lence. But they often have the unintended effect of vational data these specimens represent an invaluable to consolidate the emerging web mapping platforms pushing illicit activities to other alternative locations and unique record of life on Earth, which is especially to provide a meaningful “Geospatial Access Point” for Abstract: This paper explores the complex role that or earlier stages of the electoral process where they are important in the current era of global climate change, researchers and resource managers in African coun- idioms of tension and contestation play in pre-colonial harder to detect. A two-tier randomized field experi- human overpopulation, and environmental degrada- tries. Such an access point could unleash the potential urban life in the ancient the Yoruba city-state. In the ment during voter registration in 2008 in Ghana indeed tion. As one of Earth’s major biodiversity “hotspots,” of cloud computing infrastructure to bridge the gap same way that cities reveal their pasts in a diversity of shows that domestic observers appear to displace, not Africa poses unique challenges to those who seek to between regional centers of geospatial technology and ways, so too local political factors can be seen to have just deter, voter registration irregularities, with impli- provide ready access to such data to serve the needs the African user community. IALE* - International As- a critical part in the life of the city. Historic tensions re- cations for future measurement and analysis of elec- of conservation, land-use planning, resource manage- sociation for Landscape Ecology vealed through this means offer a lens into the ongoing toral fraud. ment, environmental policy, and human welfare. I dynamics of urban engagement. GIS, I argue, offers will demonstrate two contemporary initiatives in bio- I am currently Assistant Professor at the Geography Depart- unique insight into the political strategies that help Nahomi Ichino is an Assistant Professor in the Department diversity informatics that seek to address these chal- ment of Central Connecticut State University, where I teach define the city. Both temporal and spatial elements of of Government (FAS) at Harvard University. Her research lenges by making data available on the internet in ser- classes on GIScience, GIS and Internet/Web mapping. Cur- the urban landscape and use feature in this. interests include the development and effects of political in- vice of scientific research, learning and education, and rently, my research interest follows two concurrent tracks: stitutions in new democracies, particularly political parties public policy. MCZbase (www.mczbase.mcz.harvard. integration of GIS and remote sensing with spatial modeling Suzanne Preston Blier, the Allen Whitehill Clowes Profes- and electoral fraud in Africa. Her current research on Ghana edu) is an online data management system that serves and classification tree analyses to improve land use classifi- sor of Fine Arts and of African and African American Stud- is forthcoming in the Journal of Politics and the British Jour- digitized specimen records, images and associated 3 8 Abstract and Biogr Program cation, as well as the integration of landscape metrics with agricultural lands inadequate in this region. Therefore, geospatial modeling to assess land use and land cover dy- we set out to identify land converted from its natural Friday, March 30, 2012 namics. Being a native of Ghana, I have an outreach interest setting to human-dominated land uses. To accomplish to facilitate the adoption of geospatial science and landscape this task, we used Google Earth to draw polygons ecology principles for ecosystems mapping and sustainable around land conversion. We could identify and include 12:50 PM - 1:20 PM Lunch Break development in Sub-Saharan Africa. settlements, industrial uses, agriculture and even large corrals. This product, called “User-Identified Land Transboundary Conservation Conversion” (UILC), therefore highlights human im- 1:20 PM - 1:50 PM Poster Session pacts across the region. This time-consuming process Meghan Spigle produced a unique and important product that has im- 1:50 PM - 2:40 PM Change Moderator: Kirk Goldsberry portant differences from existing GIS products. Finally, Abstract: Greater Mapungubwe is one of a dozen the UILC can be applied in many situations, notably Cannabis: An African Biogeography, 1500-1940 South African Peace Parks or Transfrontier Conserva- to assist in identifying remaining locations where large Chris S. Duvall tion Areas. The park encompasses the borders of three mammals reside. nations (Botswana, South Africa, and Zimbabwe) and The Texture of Change: Cloth, Commerce and Social History in Western Africa, 1650-1850 is internationally valued both for its cultural impor- Jody Benjamin I majored in biology at St. Olaf College, and attended the tance (1200AD Iron Age paintings, a UNESCO site) Boundary Softness in Historic West Central Africa Nicholas School of the Environment at Duke University and and its unique habitats and wildlife. Aside from cap- graduated in 2010 with a Master in Environmental Man- John Thornton aphy tivating the interest of three sovereign states, Mapun- agement and Geospatial Analysis certificate. While at the Responding to Change: Mapping the Intersection of Climate Change, Conflict, and Aid in Africa gubwe hosts a variety of public and private stakehold- Nicholas School I became involved in National Geographic’s Ashley Moran ers; DeBeers, National Parks Trust, industrial farmers, Big Cats Initiative and have worked as the GIS coordinator and the native Marimani people of Zimbabwe. Nev- for the Duke University interns’ team for the past two years. ertheless, a politically fragile Zimbabwe restrains both 2:40 PM - 2:50 PM Coffee Break This position has furthered my passion for African wildlife,

(Continued) the betterment of its people’s social welfare and the ecology and geospatial tools. advancement of an ecologically and economically uni- 2:50 PM - 3:50 PM Diversity Moderator: John Mugane fied international park. Historically, development of South African parks was primarily motivated by colo- Spatial Patterns of Health in Accra Mapping Life: Inventorying African Biodiversity nial desire for hunting and sport. However, more re- Günther Fink James Hanken cent park planning initiatives have experimented with Crowdsourcing and Cloud Computing for Improved Ecosystems Mapping in Sub-Saharan Africa management strategies more inclusive of indigenous Abstract: A large, and rapidly growing share of the Henry N. N. Bulley community groups. In the case of the development of population in developing countries lives in urban Transboundary Conservation Greater Mapungubwe, I explore a scenario in which places today. In an effort to measure and document the Zimbabwean Maramani community could more the burden of disease in modern sub-Saharan African Meghan Spigle effectively engage with and benefit from the broader settings, the Women’s Health Study of Accra (WHSA) The Size of Savannah Africa: a Lion’s View Mapungubwe Peace Park through a reorganization of was launched in 2003, with a second round of house- Andrew Jacobson their agricultural and economic practices. hold interviews conducted between September 2008 Spatial Patterns of Health in Accra and March 2010. One of the central findings of the Günther Fink Meghan is an urban designer for Zimmer Gunsul Frasca initial surveys was the remarkably high prevalence of Architects in Washington D.C., currently working on the chronic disease, as well as the rather weak relation be- Southwest Eco District project; a sustainable development tween ill health and wealth at the individual level. In 3:50 PM - 4:50 PM Methodologies and Technology Moderator: S.V. Subramanian plan in a multi-block area south of the National Mall for the this paper, we analyze spatial patterns of health, with a Food Insecurity in the Greater Horn National Capitol Planning Commission. Meghan holds a particular focus on urban slum dwellings as well as the Greg Husak Masters in Landscape Architecture from the Harvard Grad- differences between self-assessed health vs. biomarker- uate School of Design, where she received a travel fellowship based measures of physical well-being. African Health Seen Through a Spatial Lens from the Committee on African Studies for her MLA thesis Marcia Castro regarding community conservation and tourism in a south- Günther Fink is Assistant Professor of International Health Rebuilding after the Genocide in Rwanda: Space and the Ethics of Transition ern African international peace park. She holds a Masters in Economics at the department of Global Health and Popula- Delia Wendel Architecture from Yale and a BS in Architecture from UVA. tion, Harvard School of Public Health. His research has cov- An Incentive Design Experiment in the Health Sector: Zambia, GIS and Social Science Field Work ered a wide range of topics related to economic development, Kelsey Jack The Size of Savannah Africa: a Lion’s View with a particular focus on the interactions between health and human capital on one side, and economic welfare on the Citizen Cyberscience for Africa Andrew Jacobson other. Dr. Fink is currently the PI of the Zambia Early Child- Francois Grey hood Development Project, a longitudinal study which mea- Abstract: Human population growth and concurrent sures the returns to early childhood investment in health and land conversion for settlement, agriculture and indus- 4:50 PM - 5:00 PM Closing Remarks education. try exert significant pressure on native ecosystems. This pressure is particularly acute in West Africa with 5:00 PM - 5:10 PM Fisher Prize & Davis Center Prize a rapidly growing population. Many large herbivores Food Insecurity in the Greater Horn and carnivores in this region are disappearing quickly Greg Husak 5:10 PM - 6:00 PM Reception or are already gone. Identifying locations of human impact is vital in assessing wildlife populations and Abstract: Food insecurity results from any of a number their viability. We considered off-the-shelf GIS prod- of factors including inadequate rains, excessive heat, ucts like land cover, human population density and lack of available seed, vulnerable populations, low Center for Geographic Analysis http://gis.harvard.edu 9 2 Program farmer incentive, market forces and poor governance. ly linked to rebuilding social and political systems. My Abstract and Biogr Thursday, March 29, 2012 The Famine Early Warning System Network (FEWS PhD research explores four such spatial peacebuilding NET) is a US Agency for International Development strategies: 1) the 1996 and 2004 villagisation policies; 2) 9:00 AM - 12:00 PM Hands-on Training for WorldMap Platform (Science Center, room B-09) (USAID) project designed to monitor food insecurity the ‘bye-bye nyakatsi’ program to replace grass roofs in the developing world. Understanding the spatial on houses country-wide; 3) the preservation of geno- characteristics of the factors contributing to food secu- cide sites; and 4) the Radio Soap Opera ‘Musekeweya’. 2:00 PM - 4:00 PM Live Demo of WorldMap Platform (CGIS-South Building, room S030) rity assists in anticipating locations facing hardship. The case studies illustrate a range of types of relations Identification of critical locations involves a synthesis between spatial and sociopolitical rebuilding embed- of satellite-derived meteorological data, maps of liveli- ded within: human settlement planning (villagisation), Friday, March 30, 2012 hoods, crop models, ground-sampled information and architectural aesthetics and politics (bye-bye nyakatsi), any other available input, with the hope of reducing memory studies and cultural heritage (genocide site 8:30 AM - 9:00 AM Registration and Light Refreshments (CGIS South Building, Concourse) the human impact of these conditions. This presenta- preservation), and parallels between actual and imag- tion will highlight some key datasets FEWS NET relies ined community spaces (radio soap opera). For the on to initiate activities to mitigate the threat of food purposes of the ‘Re-mapping Africa’ conference, I will 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM Introductions and Keynote Address (CGIS South, Tsai Auditorium) insecurity. present the inquiries and methodological frameworks Opening Remarks that guide my exploration of these four case studies. Caroline Elkins and Peter Bol Greg Husak is an Assistant Researcher in the Department In doing so, I hope to demonstrate how a spatial and of Geography at University of California, Santa Barbara. material culture approach brings a unique perspective

Introduction of Keynote Speaker aphy Suzanne Blier and Julia Finkelstein His research efforts focus on forecasting rainfall during a to studies of the dynamics of conflict and mechanisms crop growing season, reducing uncertainty in crop produc- of conflict resolution. Keynote Address: “Putting Peace on the Map “ tion estimates, and developing tools to better monitor and Delia Wendel is a PhD candidate affiliated with Harvard’s Patrick Vinck define crop conditions based on remotely sensed data. He is Graduate School of Design, where she researches post-con- the principal investigator at the Climate Hazards Group, a

flict and post-disaster rebuilding strategies. Her dissertation (Continued) research unit composed of field scientists in various regions 10:00 AM - 10:50 AM Politics Moderator: Biodun Jeyifo research focuses on postgenocide Rwanda, where rebuilding of Africa, graduate students, post-doctoral researchers and The Space of Time: Mapping Difference in the Pre-Colonial Yoruba City architecture & settlements is intimately intertwined with visiting professors. Suzanne Blier sociopolitical reconciliation. In addition to a Professional Social Media as Passive Polling: Using Twitter to Map Islamist Sentiment in Egypt Architecture degree, she holds degrees in Cultural Geogra- African Health Seen Through a Spatial Lens Todd Mostak phy (MSc, University College London) and Architectural Deterring or Displacing Electoral Irregularities? Spillover Effects of Observers in Ghana Marcia Castro History and Theory (MDesS, Harvard GSD). In 2009 Delia worked for UNHABITAT as a research consultant, and from Nahomi Ichino Abstract: The presentation will illustrate how spatial 2008-2011 as a tenure-track Lecturer at the University of Measuring Violence & Displacement in Kenya methods and technologies have opened new possibili- Edinburgh. Andy Harris ties for the study of health-related data. Ranging from visualization, spatial autocorrelation, combination of An Incentive Design Experiment in the Health 10:50 AM - 11:00 AM Coffee Break household and satellite derived data, and spatial sta- SSector: Zambia, GIS and Social Science Field Work tistical analysis, mapping health in Africa (currently Kelsey Jack and historically) has gained valuable perspectives that Moderator: Stephen Ervin 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM Environment have helped and continues to help the planning, imple- Abstract: A substantial body of research investigates Investigating Tourist Geographies in the Sahara mentation, and monitoring of targeted interventions. the design of incentives in firms, yet less is known Aziza Chaouni about incentives in organizations that hire individu- Sacred Seascapes of the Mediterranean - Sailing the Shores of North Africa & Beyond Marcia Castro is an Assistant Professor of Demography als to perform tasks with positive social spillovers. We Jeff Howry in the Department of Global Health and Population, Har- conduct a field experiment in which hairdressers and Space, Place, Time and Tsetse vard School of Public Health, and an Associate Faculty of barbers in Lusaka, Zambia are hired by a public health the Harvard University Center for the Environment. Her organization and randomly allocated to four groups. Joseph Messina research focuses on transmission and control of vector-borne Salons in the control group receive a standard volun- Sensing New Water Resources in Egypt from Space diseases (particularly malaria), environmental change and teer contract, whereas agents in the three treatment Magaly Koch health, Amazon frontier expansion, spatial methods applied groups receive small financial rewards, large -finan Community Mobilization, Spatial Mapping and Malaria Control to social sciences, and population dynamics and demograph- cial rewards, and non-financial rewards, respectively. Felton Earls & Mary Carlson ic methods. She has applied geographical information sys- To avoid spatial spillovers across treatments, the unit tems, remote sensing, and spatial statistics to her research, of randomization is a cluster of agents delineated by as well as proposed novel methods in spatial analysis. She a grid imposed over the city. Buffer zones between 12:00 PM - 12:50 PM Health Moderator: Emmanuel Akyeampong has on-going projects in the Brazilian Amazon and in Africa clusters are excluded from the study. We find that non- Anemia: Spatial Mapping in Sub-Saharan Africa (Tanzania and Ghana). financial rewards are more effective at eliciting effort Julia Finkelstein than either financial rewards or the volunteer contract. Tsetse fly: Slavery and Sleeping Sickness Rebuilding after the Genocide in Rwanda: Non-financial rewards elicit effort both by leveraging Marcella Alsan Space and the Ethics of Transition intrinsic motivation for the cause and by facilitating so- cial comparison among agents. We identify the social Using Geographic Information Systems to Support HIV Care in Rwanda Delia Wendel comparison effect through the density of agents in each Fabien Munyaneza cluster and find that the effectiveness of non-financial Abstract: During Rwanda’s post-1994 transition from The Maize/Malaria Connection in Western Ethiopia rewards is increasing in the number of neighboring conflict, the government developed several strategies Anthony Kiszewski agents. wherein rebuilding the built environment was explicit- 1 10 Abstract and Biogr Introduction Kelsey Jack joined the Economics Department at Tufts Uni- scale epidemiological modeling in Africa; Cybermappr, versity in 2011. She received her BA from Princeton Uni- a volunteer thinking platform for geotagging data, and versity in Public and International Affairs and her PhD in its application by UNOSAT to damage assessment in Re-Mapping Africa in GIS: Public Policy from Harvard University, followed by a year Libya; Epicollect a mobile-phone based epidemiological as a Post Doctoral Affiliate at MIT. Kelsey’s research ex- data collection platform developed by Imperial College; From Humanities to Health plores incentive based approaches to encourage the private a project to transcribe historical documents in bushman provision of public goods and the design of incentives for language, developed by the University of Cape Town. I pro-social behavior with an applied focus on the environ- will argue the importance citizen cyberscience as a low- ment in developing countries. Her research combines theo- cost, high visibility approach for scientists with limited Co-Chaired by ries from environmental economics, contract theory and resources to make a research impact. I will discuss the development economics with rigorous empirical evidence. issue of data reliability and accuracy when involving Suzanne Preston Blier, Harvard University non-expert volunteers on the Web. Finally, I will em- Julia Finkelstein, Cornell University phasize the importance of grassroots hands-on events Citizen Cyberscience for Africa (“hackfests”) in initiating new research projects, illus- Co-sponsored by Francois Grey trating this with examples of events we have run in Af- The Committee on African Studies (CAS) and rica and elsewhere. Abstract: The Citizen Cyberscience Centre is a part- Center for Geographic Analysis, Institute for Quantitative Social Science nership between CERN, the University of Geneva and Francois Grey is Professor of Distributed Scientific Comput-

aphy UNOSAT, the operational satellite applications pro- ing and Deputy Director at Tsinghua University’s first inter- gramme. Our mission is to promote the use of citizen disciplinary research centre, the Centre for Nano and Micro cyberscience (volunteer computing, volunteer think- Mechanics (CNMM). He is also the coordinator of the Citi- ing and volunteer data collection) by researchers in zen Cyberscience Centre in Geneva, a partnership between Date: March 29-30, 2012 developing regions. In this talk, I will discuss several CERN, the UN Institute for Training and Research and the

(end) examples of citizen cyberscience projects we have University of Geneva. Prior to moving to China in 2008, he helped initiate or develop, and that are finding use- spent six years at CERN as manager of IT Communications, Location: Tsai Auditorium, CGIS Building South, Room S010 ful applications in Africa. These include: MalariaCon- launching CERN’s LHC@Home volunteer computing project Address: 1730 Cambridge St., Cambridge, MA 02138 trol.net, a volunteer computing project developed by and promoting citizen cyberscience in the developing world the Swiss Tropical Institute, which is used for large- through the Africa@home and Asia@home initiatives. Map of the Harvard Campus: his two-day conference brings together scholars on GIS and Africa to share their knowledge and experiences; Tto explore the potential of geospatial methods in the so- cial sciences, further humanities scholarship by critically en- gaging GIS methods, and promote interdisciplinary collabora- tive research in health and humanities in the continent of Africa.

The objective is to explore the application of geographic informa- tion systems (GIS) methods to health and humanities work in Af- rica, bringing together scholars from across various disciplines whose research offers answers to key questions involving Afri- ca. Scholars represent research interests in an array of disciplines, among these health, demography, government, geology, geogra- phy, biology, archaeology, economics, architecture, and art history.

The keynote address, “Putting Peace on the Map” will be presented by Patrick Vinck, Research Scientist at the Harvard School of Public Health and Associate Faculty with the Harvard Humanitarian Initia- tive. The first day of this conference will include a hands-on train- ing workshop and a web-based interactive demo of the WorldMap web mapping platform. The second day will feature the keynote address, followed by a series of topical panels incorporating short talks by the invited speakers on topics including politics, environ- ment, health, change, diversity, methodologies and technologies.

11 Purchase Parking Pass: https://www2.uos.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/permit/purchase.pl Center for Geographic Analysis http://gis.harvard.edu