1 1 A preliminary study on ochre sources in Southwestern Germany and its 2 potential for ochre provenance during the Upper Paleolithic 3 Elizabeth C. Vellikya,b,d*, Alvise Barbieria,e,g, Martin Porrb,c, Nicholas J. Conarda,d,e, Brandi Lee 4 MacDonaldf 5 *Corresponding author:
[email protected] 6 a. Institute for Archaeological Sciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany 7 b. Archaeology/Centre for Rock-Art Research and Management, M257, Faculty of Arts, 8 Business, Law and Education, School of Social Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 9 Crawley WA, Australia 10 c. Institut für Ur- und Frühgeschichte und Archäologie des Mittelalters, ROCEEH—The Role of 11 Culture in Early Expansions of Humans, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany 12 d. Department of Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, 13 Germany 14 e. Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Quaternary Ecology, University of Tübingen, 15 Tübingen, Germany 16 f. Archaeometry Laboratory, University of Missouri Research Reactor, Columbia, MO, 65211, 17 USA 18 g. Interdisciplinary Center for Archaeology and Evolution of Human Behaviour (ICArEHB), FCHS, 19 Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro 20 21 Citation: Velliky, Elizabeth C., Alvise Barbieri, Martin Porr, Nicholas J. Conard, and Brandi Lee 22 MacDonald. "A preliminary study on ochre sources in Southwestern Germany and its potential for 23 ochre provenance during the Upper Paleolithic." Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 27, 24 101977 (2019). 25 26 This file can be viewed at DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2019.101977 27 2 28 Abstract 29 The use of mineral pigments, specifically iron-oxide rich mineral pigments called ochre, has been put 30 forward as a key element in the development of symbolic and non-utilitarian behaviors in human 31 evolution.