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This index has been compiled by Jannik Keindorf

A America Abyssinia, 50 Latin, 264–65, 272–76, 281, 290– Adenauer, Konrad, 41, 190–91 92, 299–300, 302–303, 305 Adorno, Theodor W., 246, 249 North, 172, 261, 302, 304, 306 Africa; African, 49–50, 272–73, South, 304 290–92, 294, 296, 299, 302, 305 See also United States of America Central, 265 (USA) North, 166, 241 Anders, Günther, 245–47 Agulhon, Maurice, 69, 71 Anderson, Perry, 43, 175, 249–50 Alatri, Paolo, 72–73 Angola, 260, 279 Algeria; Algerian, 241–42, 265, anti-authoritarianism; anti-authoritar- 267–70 ian, 15, 132–33, 212, 224, 263. Algerian War, 241–42, 267–69, See also under social movements 290, 306 anti-; anti-fascist, 8, 12, 15, 19, National Liberation Front (FLN), 36, 40–44, 48, 50–54, 56–57, 92, 241, 266–68 102, 104, 106–107, 131, 166, Almirante, Giorgio, 51 181, 208, 211, 293, 295–96 Althusser, Louis, 175, 248–49, as identity formation, 33–34, 40, 45 251–52 and Marxist historical culture, Altvater, Elmar, 135 33–34, 37, 45–47, 50, 52–53, Amendola, Giorgio, 303 56–58

© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under 309 exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 S. Berger and C. Cornelissen (eds.), Marxist Historical Cultures and Social Movements during the Cold War, Palgrave Studies in the History of Social Movements, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03804-5 310 Index

as political tool, 13, 34, 36, 43, 45, Belgium; Belgian, 8, 278 49, 51, 58, 191 Berlin, 37, 119, 229, 244, 271–72, 274 as resistance against National East, 42, 76, 275 , 43, 47, 55, 136 West, 130, 223, 227, 237–38, 248, and social movements, 13 251, 266, 269, 271–72, 276, 278 in Western Europe, 34–35, 37–38, Berlusconi, Silvio, 53 56–57 Bernasos, Georges, 301 anti-Semitism; anti-Semitic, 52, 121, 268 Bess, Michael, 165, 169 Arafat, Yasser, 277 Bidussa, David, 91 Arendt, Hannah, 306 Biermann, Wolf, 264 Armistice Day, 118 Blanke, Bernhard, 249–50 Arrighi, Giovanni, 149 Bobbio, Norberto, 92 Asia; Asian, 272, 291, 292, 294, 296, Bollack, Jean, 238 299, 302, 305 Bologna, Sergio, 280 Atkins, Peter, 143 Bolshevism; Bolshevik, 2, 45 Atlantic Alliance, 293 bolshevization, 119 Attlee, Clement, 35 Bonhoeffer, Dietrich, 295 Auschwitz, 197, 206, 231, 270, 277 Bosio, Gianni, 98–99 Austria; Austrian, 13, 20, 37, 39, Bouhired, Djamila, 242 43–45, 48–49, 53 Bourdet, Claude, 239 Austrian People’s Party (ÖVP), , 66, 70, 72, 78–80, 98 44–45 Bracke, Maud, 19 , 44–45 Brandt, Willy, 128, 276 German annexation (1938), 43 Brasch, Horst, 39 Independence (1955), 44 Brecht, Bertolt, 40, 231 Socialist Party of Austria (SPÖ), Brentano, Margherita von, 244 44–45 Britain; British, 9, 12–13, 17–18, 20, 37– Treaty of St. Germain (1919), 44 44, 48–49, 51, 53, 69–70, 72–73, Vienna, 45 78, 116, 118, 126, 168, 171–72, Axelos, Kostas, 245 175, 181, 183, 238–41, 293 Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation, 171 B Britain-Democratic Germany Baader, Andreas, 278 Exchange, 40 Balducci, Ernesto, 295–96 Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament Balkans, 49 (CND), 17, 164, 168–69, 174, Barker, Colin, 151, 156–57 176–77, 194, 242–44 Barraclough, Geoffrey, 90 Communist Party Historians Group, Barth, Emil, 120–21 73, 166 Barthes, Roland, 238 Communist Party of Great Britain Basso, Lelio, 292 (CPGB), 18, 35, 38, 40–41, Battaglia, Roberto, 104 68, 163, 166–68, 173, 182, Bauer, Otto, 3 238, 240 Beilmann, Christel, 195 Conservative Party, 37 Index 311

Labour Party, 35, 38, 40, 168, 172, Cold War, 1, 5–6, 8, 10, 13, 15, 17, 174, 182 20, 23–24, 33–34, 36, 38, 41, London, 39–40, 54 44, 49, 53–54, 57, 66, 68, 70, London Corresponding Society, 182 97–98, 103, 115, 117, 125, Puritan , 72–73 130, 136, 165, 168, 171, 175, Buhmann, Inga, 224 179–81, 206, 211, 241, 247, Bulgaria; Bulgarian, 166 260, 264, 291 Burke, Peter, 259 culture, 177 Buro, Andreas, 199, 207, 212 and social movements, 12–13, 16, 18–19, 21 world order, 2, 164, 182–83, 187 C Cole, Daniel, 170 Cafagna, Luciano, 96, 101 Cole, G.D.H., 239 Cantimori, Delio, 70, 93–94, 96, 107 Colombi, Arturo, 100–101 ; capitalist, 8, 12, 17, 43, 66, , 241, 264, 268, 290, 296 72–73, 131, 135, 173, 177, 181, anti-colonialism, 16, 19, 225, 263, 192, 201, 223, 232, 243–44, 268, 280, 290 247, 264, 300, 304 decolonization, 241, 261, 265, anti-capitalism, 9, 18–20, 23, 206, 290–91, 293, 295, 299, 209, 211, 282, 303 304–305 capitalist West, 15, 22, 165, Cominform, 34–35 182–83, 281, 290 ; communist, 2–3, 7, 21, critique of, 4, 43, 180 33, 39, 52, 54, 57, 66, 73, 79, economy, 35, 56, 79, 180, 302 82, 92, 122–23, 131, 133, 135, society, 74, 79, 201, 243–44, 296, 150, 166, 168, 173–74, 177, 299, 301–302, 305 231, 258–59, 261, 280–81, 291, system, 209, 223, 303 297, 303 world order, 20, 181 anti-Communism, 2, 9, 13, 119, Caracciolo, Alberto, 90, 96 129, 191, 203, 207, 212, 220, Carrillo, Santiago, 56 239, 252, 259, 275, 294–96 Castro, Fidel, 292 communist East, 12, 15, 21–22, Catholicism, 195, 280–81, 294, 297, 172, 182–83 301, 303 critique of, 6, 44 Chabod, Federico, 93, 107 dictatorship, 33, 36, 41, 57–58 Chile; Chilean, 271 , 9, 11, 55, 248 China; Chinese, 36, 180, 279, 298 historical culture, 21, 65, 67, 69, Communist Party, 297 75, 78, 82 Revolution (1949), 290 intellectual, 68, 74, 90, 240 Chirac, Jacques, 55 International, 22 Chomsky, Noam, 149 movement. See under social Christian Democracy, 34 movement Coates, Ken, 171 party, 6, 8–9, 11–14, 18, 22, 24, 34–35, 37, 53, 67–68, 71, 116, 312 Index

132, 176, 230, 241–42, 262, Engels, Friedrich, 66, 70, 147, 173, 298 226, 230, 232 , 249 Enlightenment, 301 Soviet, 118–19, 165, 169, 171, Ensslin, Gudrun, 278 181, 188, 203, 239, 290 Ensslin, Helmut, 278 Third International, 117, 290, 304 Enzensberger, Hans Magnus, 270–71 See also socialism Enzensberger, Ulrich, 220 Conti, Elio, 96 Erhard, Ludwig, 190 Costa-Gavras, Constantin, 278 Europe; European, 8, 38, 41, 43, 45, Cox, Laurence, 151, 156–57 50, 58, 98, 168, 171–72, 177– Craxi, Bettino, 52 78, 181, 240, 264, 276, 278, Cresswell, Mark, 156–57 282, 290, 300, 302, 304–306 Croce, Benedetto, 46, 92, 95, 108 Eastern, 1, 8–9, 17, 22, 33–34, 36, Crossman, Richard, 41 54, 56–57, 172, 178, 182–83, Cuba; Cuban, 264, 271, 279 259, 294 Missile Crisis (1962), 190, 298, 306 European Economic Community, 36 Revolution (1959), 291–92, 304, Western, 2, 4–6, 8–15, 17, 20, 23, 306 34–37, 42, 53, 56–58, 65, Cyprus; Cypriot, 241 67–68, 71–72, 75, 77–78, 82, Czechoslovakia; Czech, 55, 57 126, 164, 171–72, 177–79, Prague Spring (1968), 55, 251 262 European Nuclear Disarmament (END), 17, 164, 171, 178, 181 D existentialism, 17, 237, 244–45, 253 Debray, Regis, 235–36, 251 De Felice, Renzo, 107–108 de Gaulle, Charles, 54–55 F Denmark; Danish, 9 Faller, Herbert, 199, 201–202, 207, 211 Deppe, Frank, 135 Fanfani, Amintore, 293–94 Dingel, Frank, 130 Fanon, Franz, 19, 264, 280, 291, 296, Dobb, Maurice, 73–74, 79 304 Dollfuß, Engelbert, 45 fascism; fascist, 2, 8, 18, 34–35, 46, D’Onofrio, Edoardo, 48 50, 52–53, 57, 92, 94, 97, 103, Durkheim, Emile, 19, 262–63 109, 131, 136–37, 205, 208, 275 Dutschke, Rudi, 221, 225, 271–73, resistance against, 33, 43, 295 276–78 See also anti-fascism Favilli, Paolo, 96 Felice, Renzo de, 51 E Feltrinelli, Giangiacomo, 98–99, 264, Eden, Anthony, 168 279 Egpyt; Egyptian, 241, 290 Ferree, Myra Marx, 148 Anglo-French invasion, 293 feudalism, 72–74, 79 Eichmann, Adolf, 200 Fini, Gianfranco, 52–53 Index 313

First World War (1914–1918), 3, 55, Germany; German, 15, 18, 20, 51, 91, 115, 119–21, 205, 290 57, 118, 128, 133, 136, 155, Fischer controversy (1961), 121 188, 220, 237, 239, 242, 244, Flechtheim, Ossip K., 123 249–50, 252, 258, 266–67, 269, Fortini, Franco, 291 273, 282 Fougeyrollas, Pierre, 245 Aktionskreis für Gewaltlosigkeit, 194 France; French, 8, 12, 20, 36–37, 39, Anti-Springer Campaign, 209 42–44, 48–49, 51, 53–55, 57, 66, Außerparlamentarische Opposition 68–70, 77, 79, 81–82, 94, 116, (APO), 187 118, 136, 238–42, 245, 249, Basic Treaty (1972), 37 265, 267–69, 290, 293, 301 Bündische Jugend, 194 Communist Party of France (PCF), Christian Democratic Union 35–36, 54–55, 78–80, 82, 238 (CDU), 125, 128 Confederation generale du travail, Communist Party of Germany 54 (KPD), 11, 117–25, 128, Enragés, 77 131–32, 229, 239 Fifth Republic, 54–55 de-Nazifcation, 41–42 Fourth Republic, 54 Deutsch-Britische Gesellschaft, 40 French Revolution, 14, 69, 75–80, division, 12, 118, 121, 239 82, 262, 301 East; German Democratic Republic Front National, 51 (GDR), 12, 15, 36–43, 77, 81, German occupation of, 54, 57 116, 121–26, 129–32, 137, Institut Maurice Thorez, 67 191, 203, 221, 251, 271 Institute of Social History (Paris), Empire, 115, 118 98 Free Democratic Party (FDP), 193 Paris, 76, 78–79, 272 (DKP), Paris , 201 12, 15, 132–33 Resistance, 36, 51, 67, 75, 238 German Federation of Trade Unions Socialist Party, 54 (DGB), 193 Franco, Francesco, 260 German Metalworkers’ Union Francoism, 301 (DMV), 125, 127 Frankfurt School, 129, 222, 246–47, Hamburg, 190, 194 249 IG Metall, 127 Freeman, Jo, 148 Independent Social Democrats Fülberth, Georg, 135 (USPD), 125 Furet, Francois, 69 Internationale der Kriegsdienstgegner (IdK), 194, 199 G Munich, 222 Gamson, William A., 148, 158 Nationaldemokratische Partei Gandhi, Mahatma, 166 Deutschlands (NPD), 41 Gentile, Giovanni, 93 National Socialist Germany, 15, 36, 38–39, 45, 54–55, 57, 70, 116, 314 Index

129, 192, 197, 204, 209, 239, Gobetti, Piero, 92 242, 252, 275 Gollwitzer, Helmut, 199, 242 Naturfreundejugend Deutschlands Gramsci, Antonio, 3, 69, 73–75, 77, (NFDJ), 198 95, 100–101, 108, 156, 249 Army Faction (RAF), 238, 251, Great Britain. See Britain 275, 278–79 Great Depression, 118 Revolution (1918/19), 15, 115–26, Grass, Günter, 116 130, 132–37 Greece; Greek, 9, 273, 299 Shop Stewards, 120, Greven, Michael M., 155 125, 127, 131, 133 Guerin, Daniel, 80 Ruhr area, 194–95, 197 Guevara, Ernesto “Che”, 260, 264, Social Democratic Party (SPD), 271–73, 280, 282, 292 120, 125, 128, 130, 135, Gutman, Herbert, 170 192–93, 198–99, 205–206, 211, 219, 222, 243, 269 Socialist Unity Party (SED), 40, H 42–43, 57, 116, 124, 126, Habermas, Jürgen, 144 130–31 Hager, Kurt, 39 Sozialistischer Deutscher Hall, Stuart, 168, 238, 240 Studentenbund (SDS), Hardt, Michael, 133 16, 128–29, 131–32, 199, Harris, Arthur, 39 208–210, 212, 219–23, 226, Hartung, Klaus, 251 232, 268–69 Haug, Wolfgang Fritz, 135, 244, Spartacus League, 116, 118, 120, 250–51 122–25, 130–31 Haunss, Sebastian, 151 Union of Victims of Nazi Heberle, Rudolf, 147 Persecution, 131 Heidegger, Martin, 244–46 Weimar Republic, 39, 115–16, 119, Hill, Christopher, 69, 72, 74, 166 121, 123–24, 131–33, 226, Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic 229 bombing, 197, 200, 210, 246, West; Federal Republic of Germany 270 (FRG), 9, 11–12, 14, 18, 21, historical materialism, 4, 13, 151–52, 36–39, 41–42, 49, 57–58, 173, 273 115–17, 121–25, 127–33, historian 137, 187, 190–91, 193–95, Communist, 70, 108 197, 200, 203–205, 211–12, Marxist, 14, 17, 67–71, 73, 75, 78, 236–37, 239, 241–42, 247–48, 81, 90, 99, 101, 108–109 250–51, 263, 265–66, 269–70, professional, 14, 69–70, 94 275–76, 281 socialist, 127 See also Berlin history Gerratana, Valentino, 298 bourgeois, 95 Globke, Hans, 41, 200 of Communism, 70 Index 315

contemporary, 14, 89, 90–91, 97, Holocaust (TV series), 52, 56 103–104, 106, 121, 123 Horkheimer, Max, 129, 249 discipline of, 91 Howard, Michael, 179 of fascism, 107 Huberman, Leo, 304 from below, 14, 68, 78, 82, 169, Hungary; Hungarian, 240, 298 173 Soviet invasion (1956), 9, 99, 101, intellectual, 14, 16, 23, 239, 248 164, 168, 182, 240, 293 labor, 133, 135, 170 of , 305 modern, 93 I national, 46, 100 , 6, 66, 173, 179–80, 201, partisan, 124 261, 275, 282, 290, 295–96, 305 party, 66–67, 69, 132–33 anti-imperialism, 7, 19, 166, 168, political, 76, 135 209, 211, 261, 263, 266, 273, regional, 78, 100 277–80, 290 social, 14, 69, 76, 78, 135, 170, 175 India; Indian, 165 of socialism, 94 independence (1947), 38 social movement, 189 Indochina, 260, 290 world, 225 industrial revolution, 180 historiography Ingrao, Pietro, 303 academic, 70, 82 International Congress of Historians Annales school, 78 (Rome, 1955), 72 anti-fascist, 102, 105, 108 internationalism, 4, 166, 171, 183, bourgeoisie, 70 306 Cold War, 117, 134, 136 International Society for Socialist contemporary, 109 Studies (ISSS), 239 East German, 123, 133 International Sociological Association, European, 72, 78 147 German, 118 interwar period, 2–4, 6–7, 23 left-wing, 102, 106 Iran; Iranian, 266, 271 Marxist, 14, 16, 23, 54–55, 67–68, Irish Republican Army, 51 71–73, 78, 89, 94, 97, 99, 102 Israel; Israeli, 241 national, 70, 72–73 Six Day War (1967), 294, 299, 305 social democratic, 130 Italy; Italian, 8, 11–12, 14–15, 18, 20, Soviet, 70–73 36–37, 39, 42, 44, 46–47, 50, Weimar, 118, 120 52–53, 55, 57, 68–71, 73–74, Whig, 72 77, 89, 93, 95, 97–98, 100–101, Hobsbawm, Eric, 43, 69, 72, 74–75, 109, 116, 133, 136, 166, 258, 77, 166 265, 279–82, 289, 292–94, , 264 297–98, 300, 302–303 Holloway, John, 149 Alleanza Nazionale (AN), 53 Holocaust, 196–98, 200, 210, 268 316 Index

Associazione nazionale tra le J famiglie italiane die martiri James, C.L.R., 182 (ANFIM), 47 Jasper, James, 151 Catholic left, 19 Jaures, Jean, 79 Christian Democratic Party, 293–95 Jonas, Hans, 245 Communist Party of Italy (PCI), Juchler, Ingo, 261 11, 14, 19, 35–36, 47–50, 52, Jungk, Robert, 199 55–56, 75, 93, 95–96, 98, 100–101, 104, 107–108, 279, 297–99 K Democrazia Cristiana (DC), 48–50, Kaldor, Mary, 166, 171–72, 177 52 Kallscheuer, Otto, 252 Fascist Italy, 46–48, 51, 53, 90–91, Kautsky, Karl, 3, 249 95, 99, 104, 106, 108 Kennan Corollary, 261 Feltrinelli Library, 14, 90, 97–99, Keynes, John Maynard, 250 101–102 Khrushchev, Nikita, 126, 132, 240, 290 Genoa, 102 Klandermans, Bert, 148 German occupation of, 46–47, 49 Klönne, Arno, 194, 199, 202, 204, Gramsci Foundation, 14, 67, 90, 207, 211–12 97, 100–102 Koenen, Gerd, 226, 278 Lotta Continua (LC), 258–60 Koenen, Wilhelm, 39–40 Mezzogiorno, 74 Kolb, Eberhard, 127, 135 Movimento Sociale Italiano (MSI), Korean War (1950–1953), 167 46, 49, 51, 53 Korsch, Karl, 130, 222 National Institute for the History Kriegel, Annie, 69 of the Italian Liberation Kriesi, Hanspeter, 148 Movement (INSMLI), 14, 90, Kroll, Thomas, 19, 261–62 97, 102, 105–106, 108 Kuczynski, Jürgen, 39 Red Brigades, 49–50, 279, 282 Kunzelmann, Dieter, 276–78 Republic, 50–51, 102, 106, 295 Republic of Salò, 51 Resistenza, 36, 46–49, 52–53, 67, L 73, 102–103–105, 109, 280, Labrousse, Ernest, 70 294–96 Lanaro, Silvio, 107 Risorgimento, 92, 105 Langhans, Rainer, 277 Rome, 100, 281 La Pira, Giorgio, 294–95 Piazza Fontana massacre (1969), 109 Laval, Pierre, 55 School of Modern and Lefebvre, Henri, 238 Contemporary History Lefebvre, Georges, 70, 76–78 (Rome), 93 Le Goff, Jacques, 103 Socialist Party of Italy (PSI), 48–49, Lenin, Wladimir Iljitsch, 66, 70, 72, 52, 75, 96, 99, 106 80, 120, 145, 226, 230, 232, 249, 261, 290 Index 317

Leninism; Leninist, 3, 11, 119–20, historiography. See under 133, 229 historiography Lenz, Reimar, 270 and history, 13–15, 18, 23, 66–67, Lewis, Arthur, 40 116, 172 Lewitscharoff, Sybille, 230 history of. See under history Liebknecht, Karl, 132 historical culture, 4, 11, 13–15, Lübke, Heinrich, 275 18, 38, 44–45, 48–56, 68, 82, Lukacs, Georg, 3, 130, 222 117, 119, 129, 135–37, 188, Luther, Martin, 227 201–202, 210–11, 282 Luxemburg, Rosa, 116, 119, 123, and identity, 17 132, 249, 261, 290 intellectual, 3, 7, 22, 50 memorial culture, 131 as methodology, 89, 92, 95, 142, M 224 MacMillan, Harold, 37, 168 multiple, 2, 5, 12 Magri, Lucio, 303 neo-Marxism, 4, 15–16, 18, 109, Majakowskij, Vladimir, 226 129, 142, 151–52, 210, 212, Manacorda, Gastone, 69, 96, 100 265 Manichaeism, 262, 282 political culture, 37, 45, 53, 56, 58, , 137, 226, 230, 264, 261 282, 306 post-Marxism, 14, 142 Maoism; Maoist, 132–33, 229, 258, scholarship, 16, 43, 93–94, 145, 292, 298 152, 220 Marcuse, Herbert, 246 theory, 217–22, 224, 227–32 Maritain, Jacques, 301 and transnationalism, 20–22 Markov, Walter, 75, 77, 81 Western; unorthodox, 2–4, 9, 21, Marx, Karl, 2, 6, 66, 70, 73, 79–80, 23, 171, 179, 182–83, 250 147, 170, 173, 180, 218, Marxism-; Marxism-Leninist, 220–26, 228, 230–32, 306 3–4, 11, 66–67, 70, 80, 119, Das Kapital, 93, 230 126, 129–30, 132, 137, 149, Marxism; Marxist 169, 230, 298 academic, 71 Masi, Pino, 258–60, 280 anti-Marxism, 2 Mathiez, Albert, 79 and Christianity, 19, 297 Mattei, Enrico, 292–94 crisis of, 237, 248–49, 251–52 Maturi, Walter, 93, 105 critique of, 6 Mayer, Margit, 151 Eastern; orthodox, 4, 15, 23, 34, Mayer, Rupert, 295 55, 80, 129, 131, 133, 169, Mazzolari, Primo, 295 183, 228, 252, 282 McCarthy, John D., 148 and , 20 McGuire, Barry, 259 as governmental ideology, 1 Mediterranean, 293–94 historian. See under historian Meinhof, Ulrike, 238, 275 318 Index memory culture, 38–39, 43, 47, 56 246–53, 257, 259, 261–62, 265, Menshevism; Menshevik, 132 267, 271, 279–80, 282, 296, Merton, Robert K., 157 302, 304, 306. See also Meusel, Alfred, 39 Niemöller, Martin, 199 Michel, Henri, 103 Nirumand, Bahman, 266, 270, Michels, Robert, 147 273–75 Middle East, 265, 293–94, 305 Norden, Albert, 41 Milani, Lorenzo, 295 North Atlantic Treaty Organization Mills, Charles Wright, 146 (NATO), 18, 36, 164, 168, 171, Mitterrand, Francois, 55 176 Mommsen, Hans, 135 Norway; Norwegian, 9, 57 Morandi, Carlo, 93–94 Morin, Edgar, 238 Moro, Aldo, 50, 294–95 O Morris, Aldon, 148 Oberländer, Theodor, 41 Morris, William, 169, 172–73, 182 Oertzen, Peter von, 127, 135 Mounier, Emmanuel, 301 Ohnesorg, Benno, 210, 275 Muller, Edward, 148 Old Left, 128–29, 250, 259, 261, Müller, Richard, 117, 120–21, 265, 267, 272. See also 125–27, 130, 133, 135 Opel, Fritz, 127 Mussolini, Benito, 46–47, 49, 51, 53, Opp, Karl-Dieter, 148 107 Owen, William, 40

N P Nassehi, Armin, 219 Palestine, 279, 292 Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 241, 290 Palmer, Bryan, 165 National Socialism, 15, 18, 34, 37, Panvini, Guido, 281–82 41, 43–45, 51, 98, 118, 121–22, Paris Treaty, 191 129, 131, 200, 205, 243–44, Parri, Ferruccio, 102, 105–106 269, 295, 297 Pauling, Linus, 244 neo-Nazism, 51 Pavone, Claudio, 52, 104 Natta, Alessandro, 101 Peet, John, 40, 42 Negri, Antonio, 133 Persia; Persian, 275 Nehru, Jawaharlal, 166 Peruta, Franco Della, 99 Neidhardt, Friedhelm, 10 Petain, Philippe, 54–55 Netherlands; Dutch, 8, 37, 42–43, 57 Pettenkofer, Andreas, 262–63 International Institute for Social Pirelli, Giovanni, 291 History (Amsterdam), 98 Pivato, Stefano, 258 New Left, 9, 16–17, 19, 115, 117, Piven, Frances Fox, 148 126, 128–30, 133–36, 152, 163– Poland; Polish, 34, 57, 101, 171, 181, 65, 168–70, 174, 176, 236–44, 203, 240, 260 Index 319

Solidarnosc, 181–82 Bolshevik Revolution (1917), 1–2, Pontecorvo, Gillo, 278, 291 71–72, 117, 119, 123, 132, Pope John XXIII, 295, 299, 301 226, 290 Pope Paul VI, 295, 299–300 See also Soviet Union Poperen, Jean, 80 Popper, Karl, 143 Portugal; Portuguese, 9, 171, 273, S 295, 299 Sagan, Francois, 242 Positivismusstreit, 141 Saitta, Armando, 75–77 postwar years, 33, 35, 57, 74, 109, Salvatore, Gaston, 271, 273–74 197, 268 Salvatorelli, Luigi, 107 Prague Spring. See under Samuel, Raphael, 166 Czechoslovakia Sanctis, Gaetano De, 92 Procacci, Giuliano, 74 Santarelli, Enzo, 94, 108 Proll, Thorwald, 278 Sartre, Jean Paul, 244–45, 291, 304 Saville, John, 164, 168, 172, 238 Schloendorff, Volker, 267 Q Schneider, Peter, 224, 277 Quakers, 194 Schreiner, Albert, 123–24, 126 Quazza, Guido, 105–106, 108 Schumann, Michael, 268 Schuschnigg, Kurt, 45 Second World War (1939–1945), 8, R 12–13, 23, 34, 37–38, 49, 52–53, Rabehl, Bernd, 221, 224 55, 65, 67–68, 89, 103, 180, Ragionieri, Ernesto, 96, 108 192, 197, 200, 205, 238–39, Rapacki Plan, 203 241, 290, 293 Reberioux, Madeleine, 69 Allied powers, 43–44 Reformation, 301 Second Vatican Council (1962–1965), Reich, Wilhelm, 130, 222 19, 281, 295, 297, 301–302 Retzlaw, Karl, 130 Sereni, Emilio, 74, 100 Rex, John, 168 Sewell, William H., 262 Rodano, Franco, 297 Shaw, Martin, 165 Rossellini, Carlo, 94 Sloan, Phil F., 259 Rossellini, Roberto, 47, 94 Slobodian, Quinn, 266 Roth, Karl-Heinz, 15, 133–34 Soboul, Albert, 69–70, 75–82 Roth, Roland, 151 , 2–3, 6–7, 122, 127, Rothschild, Emma, 180 129, 135 Roux, Jacques, 77 socialism; socialist, 2, 6, 9, 13, 18, Rude, George, 75, 77, 81 33–34, 41, 43, 54, 57, 92, 98, Rürup, Reinhard, 135 128, 136, 149, 172, 174, 201, Rüsen, Jörn, 144, 188 235–36, 239, 249, 253, 264, 303 Russel, Bertrand, 244 in relation to Communism, 35–36, Russia; Russian, 117, 119, 123, 125 45, 48, 99, 118 320 Index

in relation to Marxism, 3, 6 reading movement, 236 movement. See under social sans-culottes movement, 76–80 movement socialist movement, 90, 99, 174, reformist, 100 221, 236, 290 state, 116 student movement (1968), 9, 13, socialist humanism, 17, 165, 173–74, 15–17, 109, 115–16, 128, 177–79, 181–83 132–33, 205, 211–12, 217–18, social movement 223, 225–26, 228, 232, 239, anti-auhoritarian movement, 205, 242, 251, 265, 270, 277, 292, 226, 228–29, 232 301, 305 anti-capitalist movement, 9, 23 third world movement, 10, 16, anti-fascist movement, 12–13, 22 18–19, 225 anti-globalization movement, 10 movement, 8, 19 anti-imperialist movement, 2, 19, unemployed movement, 23 22–23 women’s movement, 7, 10, 12, 19, anti-psychiatry movement, 23 23, 147 communist movement, 11, 22, 65, workers’ movement, 20, 45, 222, 67–69, 82, 291 226–27, 260, 290, 305 council movement, 15, 116–17, working-class movement, 98–99, 120–22, 125–27, 134–36, 240 102, 106, 109 defnition of, 10–11 social movement studies, 16, 20–21, Easter March movement, 187–89, 154, 159 193–97, 199–204, 206–212, and politically engaged scholarship, 242, 244 142, 147–48, 151, 154, 158 environmental movement, 10, Söhnlein, Horst, 278 12–13, 23 Sombart, Werner, 141 feminist movement, 13, 19 South Africa, 269 labor movement, 6, 15, 22, 54, 65, Soviet Union (USSR); Soviet, 1–3, 7, 91, 117, 121, 129, 136–37, 22, 35–37, 39, 48, 54–55, 57, 147, 199, 201, 223, 225 66, 72, 100, 122, 125, 127, 132, liberation movement, 19, 263, 267, 167, 169, 173, 180–82, 191, 270, 280, 295 240, 251, 263–64, 290, 293–94, Movimento del’77, 50 298, 305–306 new social movements, 9, 16, 155 Communist Party of the Soviet Occupy, 10 Union (CPSU), 65–66, 68, peace movement, 7, 9–10, 12–13, 70–71, 101, 240, 298, 305 16–18, 22–23, 147, 163–65, history of, 71 167, 172, 174, 176–77, 180, Moscow, 108, 296 182–83, 187 See also Russia peasant movement, 96 Spain; Spanish, 6, 9, 12, 20, 260, 273 protest movement, 2, 4–11, 13, Communist Party of Spain, 56 22–23, 36, 128, 219, 257–58, Spandler, Helen, 156–57 264–65, 275, 304–305 Sperber, Manes, 272 Index 321

Spriano, Paolo, 96 Tocqueville, Alexis de, 72 Stalin, Josef, 70, 80, 82, 119, 126–27, Togliatti, Palmiro, 71, 74, 100–101, 132, 230 108, 297 History of the Communist Party, Torres, Camilo, 281 100, 123 Touraine, Alain, 157 ; Stalinist, 3, 11, 13, 66, 68, Trentin, Bruno, 303 70, 97, 124, 132, 166, 173, 177, Trotskyism, 80, 230, 292 179, 264 Tschombe, Moise, 276 Stalinization, 34, 119 Turoldo, David Maria, 295 de-Stalinization, 126, 133, 136, 164, 167 Stein, Lorenz von, 147 U Stolle, Helga, 194, 196 Ulbricht, Walter, 126 Storace, Francesco, 53 United Nations (UN), 294 Suez Crisis (1956), 38, 164, 168, 240 United States of America (USA); Sweden; Swedish, 8 American, 13, 170, 172–73, Sweezy, Paul, 73–74, 79, 304 177, 179–81, 190, 208, 259–60, 275–77, 280, 293–94, 296–97, 304–306 T Tarrow, Sidney, 11 Taylor, Charles, 238 V Taylor, Dick, 165 Vack, Klaus, 199, 201–202, 208, Teilard de Chardin, Pierre, 301 211–12, 266 Tempel, Hans-Konrad, 194, 196, 208, Vietnam; Vietnamese, 260, 265, 210 276–77, 279, 281, 297, 299, Thatcher, Margaret, 171 304, 306 Third Reich. See under Germany Vietnam War (1955–1975), 187, 208, Third World, 209, 225, 241–44, 261, 211, 242, 259, 261, 268, 278, 266, 273, 275, 280–81, 290, 296, 305 294–96, 298–300, 302–305 Volpe, Gioacchino, 92–94 Third Worldism, 18–19, 289–92, 300 Thompson, Dorothy, 164, 166–68, 171 W Thompson, Edward P., 17–18, 43, Weber, Max, 141 135, 145, 238, 243 Wehler, Hans-Ulrich, 135 The Making of the English Working Werder, Lutz von, 227 Class, 169 Werturteilsstreit, 141 Thompson, Frank, 166 Willard, Claude, 70 Thorez, Maurice, 54, 66, 70 Wilson, Harold, 170 Tillich, Paul, 277 Winslow, Cal, 167, 174–75 322 Index

Wolf, Frieder Otto, 252 Y Wolfrum, Edgar, 197 Yugoslavia; Yugoslav, 167 working class, 1, 4, 66, 70, 73–74, 95, 99, 121, 126, 129, 133–35, 137, 167, 172, 174–75, 194, 207, Z 227, 303–304, 306 Zhdanovism, 97, 101 Worsley, Peter, 168 Zionism, 260