Amber List: Potential Species

Invasive Species Ireland Invasive Species Ireland http://invasivespeciesireland.com

The risk assessment has generated prioritised lists of established and potential invasive species for Ireland and Northern Ireland. These lists been used to inform the selection of species for the development of Invasive Species Action Plans for potential and established invasive species. The risk assessment has also allowed the development of 'amber list' species. These lists identify species that, in the right ecological conditions, may have an impact on the conservation goals of a site or impact on a water body achieving good/high ecological status under the Water Framework Directive.

The species listed in the following table are those that could represent a significant impact on native species or habitats causing significant decline or loss; or species that could impact either/both Natura 2000 sites and the goals of the WFD. These species did not achieve a high risk rating overall. In some cases, this may be due to a lower risk of arriving in Ireland due to the fact that the species is not yet present in Britain while in other cases some of these species have been shown to impact on conservation goals elsewhere but it is possible that they will not establish in the wild. Please see the database for more information on the overall scoring of these species.

Species Common Name(s) Environment Score Acacia dealbata Silver wattle Terrestrial 14 Blue wattle Acacia melanoxylon Australian blackwood Terrestrial 13 Blackwood Blackwood acacia Tasmanian blackwood Acartia tonsa A copepod Marine 10 Acridotheres tristis Common Myna Terrestrial 11 Acroptilon repens hardheads Terrestrial 9 Russian knapweed Turestan thistle Adelges tsugae Hemlock Woolly Terrestrial 6 Adelgid, Hemlock Wooly Adelgid Ageratum conyzoides Tropical Whiteweed Terrestrial 8 Agrilus planipennis Emerald Ash Borer Terrestrial 8 Akebia quinata Five-Leaf Akebia Terrestrial 15 Chocolate vine Fiveleaf Alopochen aegyptiacus Egyptian Goose Terrestrial 16 Ameiurus melas Black Brotula, Freshwater 12 Black Bullhead, Black Catfish, Bullhead, Catfish, Hornedpout,

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Yellow Belly Bullhead Anopheles common malaria Terrestrial 14 quadrimaculatus mosquito Anoplophora chinensis White-Spotted Terrestrial 15 Longhorn Beetle Citrus Long-Horned Beetle, Citrus Longhorned Beetle, Anoplophora Asian Longhorned Terrestrial 14 glabripennis Beetle Starry sky beetle Anser indicus Bar-Headed Goose Terrestrial 16 Apis mellifera scutellataAfricanized Honeybee Terrestrial 12 Ardisia elliptica shoe-button ardisia Terrestrial 13 shoebutton shoebutton ardisia Arion lusitanicus Spanish Slug Terrestrial 16 Iberian Slug Portuguese Slug Asterias amurensis Flatbottom Seastar, Marine 16 Japanese Seastar, Japanese Starfish, North Pacific Seastar, Northern Pacific Seastar, Purple-Orange Seastar Axis axis Axis Deer Terrestrial 17 Chital Boa constrictor common boa Terrestrial 8 imperator Boa Constrictor Boiga irregularis Brown Catsnake, Terrestrial 17 Brown Tree Snake Brachidontes pharaonisRed Sea mussel Marine 9 Bromus inermis Awnless brome Terrestrial 12 Hungarian brome smooth brome smooth bromegrass Bromus rubens foxtail brome Terrestrial 9 foxtail chess red brome Bubo bubo Eurasian Eagle-Owl Terrestrial 16 Rock Eagle-Owl Bursaphelenchus pine wood nematode Terrestrial 16 xylophilus pinewood nematode Pine Wilt Nematode

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Catostomus White Sucker, Black Freshwater 13 commersonii Mullet, Black Sucker, Brook Sucker, Buffalofish, Carp, Coarse Scaled Sucker, Common Sucker, Common White Sucker, Eastern Sucker, Fine Scaled Sucker, Grey Sucker, June Sucker, Mud Sucker, Mullet, Sucker, White Sturgeon, Caulerpa racemosa Grape Alga Marine 13 Centaurea diffusa White Knapweed Terrestrial 13 Centaurea Diffusa Centaurea melitensis Cockspur Thistle, Malta Terrestrial 10 Starthistle, Malta Thistle, Maltese Star Centaury, Maltese Star Thistle, Maltese Star- Thistle, Maltese Starthistle, Napa Thistle, Spotted Knapweed, Tocalote, Yellow Star-Thistle Ceratitis capitata Medfly Terrestrial 15 Mediterranean Fruit Fly Channa argus Northern Snakehead Freshwater 12 Snakehead Amur snakehead Striped murrel Charybdis japonica Asian crab, Marine 11 Asian paddle crab, blue crab, paddle crab, swimming crab Chelydra serpentina Snapper Semiaquatic 11 Snapping turtle Yucatan Snapping Turtle Chloephaga picta Magellan/upland GooseTerrestrial 15 Chromolaena odorata Jack in the bush Terrestrial 10 Siamweed Cichla ocellaris Butterfly Peacock Bass,Freshwater 13 Peacock Bass,

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Peacock Cichlid, Tucunare Clidemia hirta kaurasiga Terrestrial 14 Koster's curse kui mbona na mbulamakau roinisinga soap bush soapbush Cygnus atratus Black Swan Terrestrial 15 Cyperus rotundus chaguan humatag Terrestrial 14 cocograss kili'o'opu nutgrass pakopako purple nutsedge Daphnia lumholtzi Water flea Freshwater 7 Diaphorina citri Asian citrus psyllid Terrestrial 12 Dryocosmus kuriphilus Oriental Chestnut Gall Terrestrial 12 Wasp Echinocystis lobata Wild Cucumber Terrestrial 13 Eichhornia crassipes Water Hyacinth Freshwater 14 Elaeagnus umbellata Japanese Silverberry Terrestrial 12 Eleutherodactylus coquiCommon Coquí Terrestrial 11 Coquí Euglandina rosea rosy wolfsnail Terrestrial 11 cannibal snail Galinsoga quadriradiatahairy galinsoga Terrestrial 15 shaggy soldier Gambusia affinis Mosquitofish Freshwater 14 Western mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki Eastern mosquitofish Freshwater 10 Gracilaria Marine 16 vermiculophylla Gymnocoronis Senegal teaplant, Freshwater 14 spilanthoides temple plant Hedychium Wild ginger Terrestrial 15 gardnerianum Hemigrapsus Marine 15 penicillatus Heracleum sosnowskyi Sosnowski's hogweed Terrestrial 17 Herpestes javanicus Small Asian Mongoose Terrestrial 11 Indian Mongoose Small Indian Mongoose Javan Mongoose Hiptage benghalensis hiptage Terrestrial 5

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Homalodisca vitripennisGlassy-winged Sharp- Terrestrial 16 Shooter. Hydrocharis morsus- Common frogbit Freshwater 17 ranae European frog's-bit Hydroides dianthus Tubeworm Marine 14 Hydroides elegans Tubeworm Marine 14 Hyphantria cunea Fall budworm Terrestrial 12 Fall webworm Fall webworm moth Hypophthalmichthys Chinese schemer; Freshwater 17 molitrix Silver carp. Hypophthalmichthys Big Head Carp Freshwater 12 nobilis Noble Carp Silver Carp Imperata cylindrica blady grass 15 kunai grass Japanese bloodgrass Ipomoea aquatica Swamp morning-glory, Freshwater 8 Lepidium appelianum Hairy Whitetop, Hoary Terrestrial 7 Cress, Globe-podded Hoary Cress, Ball Cress, White-top lens, Peppergrass. Leptinotarsa Colorado beetle Terrestrial 16 decemlineata Ten-striped spearman Ten-lined potato beetle Linepithema humile Argentine ant Terrestrial 15 Lissorhoptrus American water weevil Terrestrial 12 oryzophilus Macaca fascicularis Crab - Eating Macaque Terrestrial 7 Cynomolgus Monkey Philippine Monkey Long-tailed Macaque Macfadyena unguis-catiblady grass Terrestrial 14 kunai grass Japanese bloodgrass Marenzelleria neglecta Red-gilled Mud Worm Semiaquatic 13 Marsupenaeus Caribbean mud crab Marine 10 japonicus Mimosa pigra bashful plant; Giant Terrestrial 10 Sensitive Tree. Misgurnus Weatherfish Freshwater 15 anguillicaudatus Mnemiopsis leidyi Comb Jelly Marine 17 Monopterus albus rice eel (English), Semiaquatic 8 swamp eel (English),

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white ricefield eel (English) Morella faya candleberry myrtle, Terrestrial 9 fayatree, firebush, firebush Nasua nasua Coatimundi Terrestrial 8 Coati Ochlerotatus japonicus Asian bush mosquito Semiaquatic 15 japonicus (English), Asian rock pool mosquito (English- United States) Odontella sinensis Chinese diatom Marine 17 Opuntia ficus-indica Prickly-pear cacti Terrestrial 12 Cactus pear Indian-fig prickly-pear Opuntia stricta Erect pricklypear Terrestrial 7 Osteopilus Cuban tree frog Semiaquatic 8 septentrionalis Giant Tree-frog Marbled Tree-toad Palaemon Migrant prawn Marine 14 macrodactalus Paralithodes Red King Crab Marine 17 camtschaticus Paspalum distichum Knotgrass Freshwater 7 Paulownia tomentosa empress tree (English), Terrestrial 10 foxglove-tree (English), karritree (English), kiri (Japanese), princess tree (English) Pelophylax kl. Edible Frog Semiaquatic 14 esculenta Pelophylax ridibundus Marsh frog Freshwater 15 Percnon gibbesi Sally lightfoot crab Marine 12 Petricola pholadiformis American piddock Marine 12 Pinctada radiata Gulf pearl oyster Marine 13 Pittosporum undulatum Australian cheesewood,Terrestrial 14 mock orange, native daphne, orange pittosporum, sweet pittosporum, Victorian box, Victorian laurel, wild coffee. Plasmodium relictum Avian malaria 13 Platydemus manokwari flatworm, snail-eating Terrestrial 7 flatworm. Polygonum perfoliatum Asiatic tearthumb, Terrestrial 14

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devil's-tail tearthumb, mile-a-minute-vine, mile- a-minute-weed, minuteweed, tearthumb Pontogammarus Freshwater 17 robustoides Popillia japonica Japanese beetle Terrestrial 12 Portunus pelagicus Blue swimming crab Marine 11 Potamocorbula brackish-water corbula Freshwater 14 amurensis Prosopis glandulosa honey mesquite, Terrestrial 9 mesquite, Mesquite, Texas mesquite Psidium guajava guava Terrestrial 9 Psittacula eupatria Alexandrine Parakeet Terrestrial 14 Pylodictis olivaris mud cat (English), Freshwater 14 opelousas (English), shovelhead cat (English), yellow cat (English) Rhopilema nomadica Nomad jellyfish Marine 15 Rosa bracteata Macartney rose Terrestrial 14 Rusa timorensis Rusa, Terrestrial 14 Rusa Deer, Sunda Sambar, Timor Deer Sabella spallanzanii European fan worm, Marine 14 giant fan worm, Mediterranean fan worm, sabellid fan worm Salvelinus namaycush Lake Trout Freshwater 14 Salvinia molesta Giant Salvinia Freshwater 12 Kariba Weed Sicyos angulatus burcucumber, one seedTerrestrial 15 burcucumber, oneseed burr cucumber. Siganus rivulatus Marbled spinefoot Marine 13 Rabbitfish Solidago nemoralis grey goldenrod Terrestrial 16 Solidobalanus fallax Warm-water Barnacle. Marine 14 Spathodea African tulip tree Terrestrial 5 campanulata Spodoptera littoralis African Cotton Terrestrial 17 Leafworm Tamarix ramosissima salt cedar, tamarisk, Terrestrial 12

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tamarix. Tamias striatus Eastern Chipmunk, Terrestrial 11 ground squirrel, hackee, striped squirrel Trapa natans Bull nut , European Freshwater 13 water chestnut, water chestnut , water nut. Triadica sebifera candleberry-tree, Terrestrial 14 chicken tree, Chinese tallow, Florida aspen, popcorn tree, tallow tree, vegetable tallow, white waxberry Trichosurus vulpecula brushtail possum Terrestrial 15 Verbena brasiliensis Brazilian vervain Terrestrial 12 (English), gin case (English) Vitex rotundifolia beach vitex Terrestrial 8 chasteberry cloister pepper dan ye man jing hamago hinahina kolo kolokolo kahakai man hyung ja manawanawa monk's pepper pohinahina polinalina roundleaf chastetree single-leaf chaste tree Xenopus laevis African Clawed Toad Freshwater 14 Platanna Ziziphus mauritiana Indian cherry, Indian Terrestrial 5 jujube, Indian plum Zostera japonica Dwarf eelgrass Marine 13 Amber list: Uncertain impact

The species listed below are rated as medium risk due to the score of the overall assessment however, their impact on conservation goals remains uncertain due to lack of data showing impact (or lack of impact).

Species Common Name(s) Environment Score Acacia mearnsii black wattle Terrestrial 3 Acer negundo Box-elder, ash-leaved Terrestrial 13

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Species Common Name(s) Environment Score maple, manitoba maple Achatina fulica Giant African Land Terrestrial 11 Snail Achtheres percarum Parasitic Copepod Freshwater 12 Acipenser baerii Siberian sturgeon Freshwater 12 Acipenser ruthenus Sterlet Freshwater 13 Acridotheres cristatellusCrested mynah Terrestrial 5 Acridotheres bank mynah Terrestrial 6 ginginianus Agardhiella subulata Marine 10 Alectoris chukar Chukar Terrestrial 13 Chukar Partridge Alopex lagopus Arctic fox Terrestrial 5 Pribilof Island Arctic Fox Alternanthera alligator weed Freshwater 15 philoxeroides alligatorweed pig weed Alternathera sessisis sessile joyweed 6 Amaranthus bouchonii Terrestrial 10 Ammothea hilgendorfi A sea spider Marine 12 Anchusa ochroleuca Yellow Alkanet Terrestrial 10 Antithamnion None identified Marine 14 nipponicum Aonyx cinerea Short-clawed otter Terrestrial 4 Aphis gossypii Cotton aphid Terrestrial 15 Melon aphid Melon and cotton aphid Aratinga acuticaudata Blue-crowned Parakeet Terrestrial 6 Bemisia argentifolii Silverleaf Whitefly Terrestrial 5 Sweet Potato Whitefly Bidens connata Purplestem BeggarticksTerrestrial 9 swamp beggar's-ticks Bidens frondosa bur marigold Terrestrial 14 devil's beggartick devil's beggarticks devil's bootjack devil's-pitchfork devils beggartick pitchfork weed sticktight sticktights tickseed sunflower Branchiura sowerbyi Oligochaete Worm Freshwater 13 Bromus tectorum Plantae Terrestrial 13

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Species Common Name(s) Environment Score Bufo marinus Cane toad Semiaquatic 14 South American Cane Toad Cactoblastis cactorum Cactus Moth Terrestrial 2 Prickly Pear Moth Canis lupus dingo Australian dingo Terrestrial 5 Castor canadensis Admiralty Beaver, Terrestrial 14 American Beaver, Beaver Canadian Beaver Cebus spp capuchin Terrestrial 5 Chamaeleonidae chamaeleons Terrestrial 9 Chinchilla spp chinchilla Terrestrial 9 Chrysanthemoides Bitou Bush Terrestrial 7 monilifera Boneseed Cinara cupressi Cypress Aphid Terrestrial 17 Clarias batrachus Albino Pristella, Albino Freshwater 13 Walking Fish, Clarias Catfish, Climbing Perch, Freshwater Catfish, Ito, Magur, Pa Douk, Philippine Catfish, Thai Hito, Thailand Catfish, Toyman's Spotted Catfish, Walking Catfishh Contarinia Hemerocallis gall midgeTerrestrial 15 quinquenotata Coptotermes Formosan Terrestrial 12 formosanus Subterranean Termite, Ground Termites Cotinus coggygria Common Smoketree, Terrestrial 10 European Smoketree, Fustet, Smoke Tree, Smokebush, Smoketree, Venetian Sumach, Venetian- Sumac, Wigtree, Young Fustic Craspedacusta Freshwater Jellyfish Freshwater 14 sowerbyi Ctenopharyngodon Gardd Carp, Freshwater 13 idella Grass Carp, Grass Carp(=white

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Species Common Name(s) Environment Score Amur), Pa Kin Gnia, Silver Orfe, White amur, White Amur Cynomys ludovicianus Arizona Black-Tailed Terrestrial 8 Prairie Dog Cyperus esculentus chufa Terrestrial 13 chufa flatsedge yellow nutgrass yellow nutsedge Dermacentor reticulatusEuropean meadow tick Terrestrial 17 recorded species Disphyma crassifolium Purple Dewplant, Terrestrial 15 Round-leaved Pigface Dyspanopeus sayi Say's Mud Crab 11 Elaphe longissima Aesculapian snake Terrestrial 14 Elaphe spp rat snakes Terrestrial 14 Eliomys quercinus Garden dormouse Terrestrial 10 Felis bengalensis Leopard Cat Terrestrial 9 Fistularia commersonii Blue-spotted cornetfish Marine 11 Smooth flutemouth Gekkonidae geckos Terrestrial 8 Glis glis Edible Dormouse Terrestrial 16 Haliplanella lineata Orange-striped sea Marine 11 anemone Hemigrapsus Asian Shore crab Marine 13 sanguineus Hydrochoerus Capybara Semiaquatic 9 hydrochoaeris Hyla arborea Common Tree Frog Terrestrial 7 European Tree Frog Ictalurus punctatus Ictalurid catfishes Freshwater 14 Iguanidae iguanas Terrestrial 9 Lacerta bilineata Western Green Lizard Terrestrial 11 Lacerta viridis Lampropeltis spp king/milk snakes Terrestrial 7 Lasius neglectus Asian Super Ant Terrestrial 15 Invasive garden ant Leuciscus idus Ide Freshwater 17 Orfe Ligustrum robustum Sri Lankan privet Terrestrial 3 Marenzelleria viridis Semiaquatic 11 Mephitis mephitis Striped Skunk Terrestrial 11 Miconia calvescens miconia, velvet tree. Terrestrial 13

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Species Common Name(s) Environment Score Micropterus salmoides Largemouth Bass, Freshwater 12 Black Bass. Mikania micrantha American rope Terrestrial 10 (English), Chinese creeper (English) Molothrus spp cowbirds Terrestrial 14 Mytilopsis False Dark Mussel Marine 14 leucophaeata Nathrius brevipennis Terrestrial 9 Oncorhynchus Pink Salmon Freshwater 13 gorbuscha Humpback Salmon Oncorhynchus keta Chum Salmon Freshwater 13 Oreochromis Mozambique talapia/ Freshwater 12 mossambicus Mozambique Mouth- Brooder. Panicum repens Torpedo grass. Semiaquatic 10 Paspalum paspaloides Knotgrass Terrestrial 12 Mercer grass Water couch Buffalo quick paspalum Couch paspalum Perophora japonica Sea-Squirt Marine 13 Petaurus breviceps sugar glider Terrestrial 7 Phasianus versicolor Green Pheasant Terrestrial 12 Podarcis muralis Wall lizard Terrestrial 11 Lazarus lizard Pomacea canaliculata Apple Snail, Golden Semiaquatic 11 Apple Snail, Channeled Apple Snail. Prokelisia marginata Spartina Planthopper Terrestrial 17 Pueraria montana var. Kudzu Terrestrial 14 lobata Pycnonotus cafer red-vented bulbul Terrestrial 9 Rhithropanopeus Dwarf crab, estuarine Marine 16 harrisii mud crab, white- fingered mud crab, Zuiderzee crab. Saurida undosquamis Brushtooth lizardfish Marine 9 Selenochlamys ysbrydaGhost Slug Terrestrial 14 Solanum viarum Tropical soda apple Terrestrial 11 Sphagneticola trilobata creeping ox-eye, Terrestrial 4 Singapore daisy, trailing daisy, wedelia Tapinoma Ghost Ant Terrestrial 11 melanocephalum

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Species Common Name(s) Environment Score Tomicus piniperda common pine shoot Terrestrial 15 beetle larger pine shoot beetle pine shoot beetle PSB Triturus carnifex Italian Crested Newt Semiaquatic 11 Wasmannia electric ant Terrestrial 14 auropunctata little fire ant Watersipora Marine 14 subtorquata Zamenis longissimus Aesculapian Snake Terrestrial 14

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