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Australian Australian Sapper – 2015 1 sapper 2015 Australian Sapper is the annual magazine of the Royal Australian Engineers, published by authority of the Head of . Copyright Text and images in this publication are sourced from the Department of Defence and are copyright of the Commonwealth of unless otherwise credited. Enquiries regarding the use of material in this publication should be directed to the Editor.

Contributors are urged to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in their articles; the Editorial Board accepts no responsibility for errors of fact.

The views expressed in this publication are the contributors’ and not necessarily those of the Royal Australian Engineers, the Australian or the Department of Defence.

ISSN: 1449-4140 Editorial board Editor-in-Chief: Wayne Budd AM, CSC Editor: Craig Clunas Graphic Design: Mr George Petrovski

Contact the editor: [email protected]

Cover. Sapper Luke Matthews of 3 CER, works to clear debris with a skid steer loader in the aftermath of Tropical Cylone Marcia as part of the Emergency Support (ESF) operating in the remote community Contents Message from the Head of Corps Royal Australian Engineers ...... 4 Message from the Corps Sergeant Major Royal Australian Engineers ...... 6 The Royal Australian Engineers Foundation ...... 7 Force Engineer Branch ...... 8 Modernising Manoeuvre Support capability ...... 10 ...... 12 Directorate of Career Management - Army ...... 13 RAE Trades and Training ...... 14 School of Military ...... 16 Construction - Armament and Construction Wing ALTC ...... 21 Operations ...... 22 Exercises ...... 26

Sapper SITREP 1st ...... 30 2nd Combat Engineer Regiment ...... 33 3rd Combat Engineer Regiment ...... 34 5th Engineer Regiment 36

6th Engineer Support Regiment ...... 38 8th Engineer Regiment ...... 40 11th Engineer Regiment ...... 41 19th Chief Engineer Works ...... 42 22nd Engineer Regiment ...... 46 1st Topographic Support Squadron ...... 48 3rd Field Squadron ...... 50 Special Operations Engineer Regiment ...... 52

Personnel matters ...... 54 The Corps’ Museum ...... 56 Engineers at – 1915 ...... 58 From mud models to ROC maps ...... 67 Modernisation of Army’s geospatial and multimedia capabilities ...... 68 The Joint Improvised-Threat Defeat Agency ...... 70 High-risk search for relevance ...... 72 ...... 74 UNTAG reunion ...... 76 Return to Gallipoli ...... 78 4 Australian Sapper – 2015

Message from the Head of Corps Royal Australian Engineers BRIG Wayne Budd AM, CSC

I am delighted to be able to write to you an annual Corps dinner. The reasons for our again in 2015. Much has happened this Corps traditions can be quite small but each year and the tempo of activities remains has a part in the esprit de corps that sets our high. In my engagements in great Corps apart from others. I continue to hear others talk about the When I look to the activity of units this year, Corps work and their admiration for what I see the continuing cycle of very good you achieve. Well done to everyone. training events upon which we build our skill. 2015 has been a year for considering our There is nothing more important than good heritage. The 100th anniversary of the training to understand our role in support Gallipoli landings was large in the publics of the Army when we need to deploy on awareness. Many of you may have seen our operations. Alas, our global operational ‘60 Minutes’ program special on the 1st Field commitments have not decreased, despite Engineers who, as I would contend some hopes for a more stable worldly from the available research material, lead environment. This makes our training and the ashore on the morning of 25 April readiness all the more important in being 1915. Ms Catherine Job, an experienced able to meet emerging operational needs. journalist, had an uncle in 1st Field Company The future development of Corps capabilities Engineers that morning - Sapper Cleve remains aligned with strategic level actions. Paige. Sapper Paige died that morning Delivering Army’s Initiatives is the term we are now using to describe the work of Company Engineers buried in the Shrapnel building on . This work is about Valley cemetery on the Gallipoli Peninsula. In trying to understand what happened to her uncle, Catherine did an enormous and implementing a joint approach to some amount of research and has produced a capability. Further Army developments are substantial new amount of understanding locked in the cycle of the new Defence White about the sappers at and in the lead up Paper, the accompanying Force Structure to Gallipoli. In fact her work has revealed Review and the implementation of the Force the existence of more than 30 personal Disposition Review outcomes. You should diaries still held by families of members of understand that the appointment of our new the 1st Field Company Engineers. I thank Defence Minister, a new Chief of Army and Catherine for her passion and work and Government budget considerations will impact welcome her to the extended Corps family. the timing for release of all this eagerly awaited strategic guidance. In June this year I had the honour of accompanying a large group of old Sappers Despite the wait for some guidance, we have been busy with our own unit movements. trip was timed to coincide with the 100th Following 2 CER’s movement in to new lines anniversary of the completion of Watson last year, the move of the School of Military Pier by our sappers on 18 June 1915. The Engineering to Holsworthy was completed in completion of this pier by the men of 2nd April this year. The new ‘Home of the Corps’ Filed Company Engineers and probably has fantastic facilities which will enhance others under the command of Stan our delivery of training. While it was sad to Watson, provided the catalyst for a dugout leave the old Casula site, I am sure as you dinner which sparked a Corps tradition for visit the new School you will appreciate the Australian Sapper – 2015 5

investment made by Government in our capability. The new Museum is a must visit activity. 9 Field Squadron also moved back to Darwin from Edinburgh, collocating 1 CER as a Regiment again. Additionally, with the Sod Turning ceremony for the relocation of 17th Const Squadron conducted on 10 December in Amberley, a very long overdue facility renewal and relocation will await the Army. He served as a Representative the squadron in about 12 months time. Commandant as he sought to On the personnel front, I’d like to acknowledge continue to support the Corps. Along the the great people who serve in and for our way he provided the drive to establish the Corps and our extended Corps family. Major Royal Australian Engineers Foundation, a Stephen Day retired in September charitable organisation dedicated to the after a long and very distinguished career. support of the Corps. John retired this year One of the Army’s most operationally as the Chairman of the Foundation. I thank him for his consistent and inspired support his next phase of endeavours. I note that of the Corps, those who served in Corps and our families. John, many thanks. Most moving from the post of RSM 1st will not see the work that individuals like to RSM Joint Operations Command. Also John do while others will stand shoulder who had been selected to be our next to shoulder with people like Mick Ryan in Corps RSM, has recently been appointed . Mick helped build one of as the inaugural RSM Special . I the most dynamic Sapper Associations in the congratulate both these individuals on their country and we have all admired the passion selection for these extremely important and activity rate that he generated within the roles. Separately I must also thank Warrant Corps. Sadly Mick succumbed to cancer in October this year and he will be missed. as the Corps RSM. Your Corps RSM is On a brighter note I’d like to congratulate part of the RAE Trades and Training cell. Colin Bowater and the RAE Association This merry band of individuals, located in for their success and growth. HQ CATC, have produced an enormous amount of work this year to advance the Thank you all who serve in the Corps and review and development of almost every to all who support you. I am thankful for trade in the Corps. The Corps RSM has the opportunity to continue to serve you always lent his experience and wisdom to as the Head of Corps. You continue to this work and we have been well served by provide Army with the support it needs and his hands on approach. Thank you RSM. you do it in a way that demonstrates skill In the extended Corps family, I’d like to and dedication – and with a large amount of ‘Sappernuity’. Serving as a Sapper in John Wertheimer, a retired regular and the is a great honour. Have a great Christmas leave period and I look businessman after he left full time service in forward to serving with you all in 2016. 6 Australian Sapper – 2015

Message from the Corps Sergeant Major Royal Australian Engineers

proposal is currently with update of what I and the team at the Trade and Training (TT) Cell have been doing. review and comment.

The associations have again done a sterling contemporary, starting with the IET course. job of keeping the Corps’ past and present The new IET Course was developed members informed. through consultation with the Corps Increased engagement and external stakeholders. between the Corps and Training was rationalised by removing outdated the RAE associations and duplicated training, allowing greater time is desirable. Our Corps to be spent on the Corps’ ‘bread and butter’ would not be the same without the support and networks maintained minimising the risk of instructor burn out and by the associations and the personnel that maximising information retention for trainees. make them up. I thank all associations for making the Corps better and for supporting our and ex-serving personnel. the training and development (TD) cell. Thanks to SME for their assistance and enabling SGT The Corps always achieves great Harding to assist CATC with the development things on operations and we continue of the daily programs. to punch above our .

The pilot course was run at SME during the Our successes have come at a mental and period of September - November, evaluated by the TD cell and adjusted as required. and will continue to do so for many years. I The next component for review is the ROBC ask all sappers to think of those and which will book-end the training. The CPL, SGT and WO courses can then be developed. contact and assist where and when required.

Note that the IET review was never about I welcome MAJ Scott Thomas (SO2) and the saving money or time, but ensuring a sapper left SME retaining the skills taught on the Cell. I wish them both success in their roles. course, ready to develop into PTE (P) within 12 Finally I thank everyone for their support. In months at their unit. particular BRIG Budd, COL Gliddon, LTCOL GRES Training: The ARA IET Course has gone Martin, LTCOL Johnston, LTCOL Say, LTCOL Harding and the unit RSMs. Without the Phase 1 and 3 are now 26 and 24 days each. freedom, opportunity and support of these It is acknowledged that the increase to the personnel I would not have achieved as much as I did during my tenure. I take up an appointment in Edinburgh, SA in 2016.

Working groups and a curriculum review I wish all sappers a safe and satisfying board have sat to consider methods for Christmas and a professionally delivery of training to GRES personnel The full rewarding New Year. Australian Sapper – 2015 7

The Royal Australian Engineers Foundation COL Tara Bucknall

In 2015 the RAE Foundation has continued There will again be a number of pieces of Art to reach out to the Sapper Community and and other items included in an Art auction. The provide support to members who needed Art Auction continues to attract a range of high assistance. This year has also seen some calibre pieces of art donated by artists with major changes to the board of directors with connection to the RAE. Tickets for the dinner the retirement of its founder and inaugural in February are now available for purchase Chair, COL (Rtd) John Wertheimer, AM. The new board extends its thanks and through the RAE Foundation website – acknowledgement of the foresight and www.raefoundation.org.au. Tickets can be dedication of John in his establishment of the purchased by singles or a table. RAE Foundation and guidance since its formal The Foundation continues to engage with establishment in 1999. The Foundation will continue to grow and hold true to the guiding units and members to determine support principles established by COL Wertheimer requirements for current serving members. We and embodied by the motto For Sappers, By Sappers. The Board is currently reviewing for information and advice from our broader and inviting distinguished members of the RAE “family” – we would encourage retired RAE community to join and assist in leading members and their families to continue to the Foundation in its next phase of growth engage with the Foundation should there be and support to the Sapper community. areas where we could provide assistance and In addition to the ongoing support provided support. We are increasing our engagement to the Foundation by its Platinum partner; with Sapper Associations throughout Australia and welcome further discussions and ideas Lockheed Martin, the RAE Foundation raised on what we can do to support you. over $8500 through the auction of the art Bronze Sapper’s donated by Ron The RAE Foundation website continues to Gomboc. Ron was a National Serviceman develop slowly but surely, with plans in 2016 and created this limited edition piece to more consistently support the “members based around his own slouch hat. Other only” . We thank and welcome pieces are at the RAE Memorial at 13 Field on board those individual members and and a piece was organisations that have purchased annual donated to Sergeant Michael Lydiard. The membership. Our vision for 2016 is to provide winner was Major Chris Murray, 6 Engineer more consistent and robust input into the Support Regiment. Congratulations to members only section to support your Chris on his win and much thanks to all connection and Sapper community links. contributors in your ticket purchases. We have also continued to provide support The keystone event for the Foundation – The through the Heritage Grants Program and Reynolds Dinner - was to be held in Skilling the Sapper. It was with great pleasure in Oct 2015. Unfortunately the Oct dinner had to be deferred – the new dinner date is Friday that the Foundation provided the RAE JNCO 26 February 2016. Our Reynolds Dinner Partner of year, CPL Thomas Vallas, a study tour of – Rydges Hotel – will again be the location at the Gallipoli peninsular with the RAE Corps Rydges Melbourne (Collins St, Melbourne). organised trip in Jun 2015. 8 Australian Sapper – 2015

Force Engineer Branch LTCOL James Dugdell Force Engineer Branch (FEB) has, The review of Army’s Technical in the delivery of maritime capability. once again, been at the forefront and High Risk Search Chief of Army Directive 05/15 in the development of the Corps’ capability. Army Seaworthiness Management future plans. Accordingly, the Force The development and Framework was issued in March Engineer, Colonel Stephen Gliddon, implementation of new 15 to update the Seaworthiness has worked tirelessly to represent capabilities such as equipment management framework for Army’s the Corps key initiatives that address bridging, including the marine and diving mission systems broader engineer capability issues. new rapidly emplaced in order to ensure Army’s compliance One such initiative is the continued bridge (REB), replacement with the requirements of the DSwMS. development of future Combat Engineering capability in support of The DSwMS has been implemented CBRNE equipment and across Defence and includes the Combat (Cbt Bdes) armoured breaching and as part of Plan Beersheeba. There the establishment of Chief of bridging capabilities. (CN) appointed Defence into the review of the Core Mission Geospatial Migration Seaworthiness Boards (DSwBs) Essential Task List (C-METL) and the Plan to AUSTINT providing independent judgements continued work on aligning the Cbt The FEB, on behalf of Headquarters Bdes with their paired ARes Brigades. Combined Arms Training Centre has Seaworthiness management. The FEB has also been diligently undertaken planning the transition of 6 Bde was appointed working on the establishment and Geospatial and Multimedia Technicians as the functional command lead implementation of the Defence from RAE to AUSTINT. At an Army for Army diving mission systems Seaworthiness Management System Employment Category Manager and small boat systems which (DSwMS) for Army’s small boat Stakeholder Steering Group (ASSG) includes; Army Utility Watercraft and work diving mission systems conducted earlier in the year it was (AUW), Grand Raider Mk3, Zodiac throughout the year. recommended that all ECN 423 and Mk3-470, Inshore Hydrographic Aside from these key tasks, the Survey Vessel (IHSV), Bridge would transition to AUSTINT to branch has been involved in planning Erection Propulsion Boat (BEPB) better align the capability with Army’s and support to: and Floating Support Bridge (FSB). Intelligence and ISTAREW environment. Defence Seaworthiness Boards. The exception to this was the survey The FEB will continue to , component of the ECN 423 trade, manage and report on the HQ 1 Div in response to which will be retained in RAE and extensive governance requirements () as part aligned with the construction trades associated with the Seaworthiness of Operation PACIFIC ASSIST. management framework on Regional Planning Group series decision is yet to be made. behalf of the Corps and Army. and Ex TALISMAN SABRE 15 (TS15) with HQ 1 Div. Defence Seaworthiness Board Support to HQ 1 Div The FEB established the This year has provided the FEB with The Geospatial migration plan Seaworthiness Management the opportunity to exercise its Plans to the Australian Intelligence framework that supported the delivery Corps (AUSTINT) and the of seaworthy marine and diving planning activities. Accordingly, development and modernisation mission systems to comply with Chief the Engineer Plans Team provided of geospatial capabilities. of Army Directive 05/15. The Defence engineer plans advice and support The review of conventional Seaworthiness Management System to HQ 1 Div during the Regional Explosive Ordinance Disposal (DSwMS) was established in July Planning Group series in 2015. (EOD) training. 12 as a framework to link existing The review of the conventional contingency planning in the event of suite of Engineer explosives. licensing and assures compliance a DFAT led intervention within one Australian Sapper – 2015 9

of Australia’s bordering south East particularly the support to mechanised In consultation with the Commanding Asian neighbours. This provided manoeuvre, once restricted to 1CER. valuable experience in understanding continued to review the C-METL. This Under Plan Beersheba, the CER has provided the foundation for the with interagency planning at the development and rationalisation of the Operational and Strategic level. The have normally been shared between existing Mission Essential Tasks (MET) Plans Team also contributed to the now be able to support armoured, for the CERs and Engineer Support HQ 1 Div in the wake of Tropical mounted and dismounted manoeuvre Cyclone Pam in March 15. This as well as the associated logistic has been placed into providing and administrative burden provided involved initial engineer planning by these capabilities. To further estimates based on the immediate and the associated conditions and complicate matters, there has not standards required to best align the key infrastructure and restoration of been a targeted capital equipment Corps with the Cbt Bdes. The review basic services throughout Vanuatu. project to address the mobility and survivability needs of manoeuvre of the C-METL has also required In July 15, the FEB deployed its Plans and the reciprocal detailed analysis to better understand Team on TS15 in support of HQ 1 demands of close support Engineers: the changes associated with the Div. The aim of this support was to establishment of the like Bdes and exercise the plans function as part of how to enable Engineers to paired ARes Bde support to the Cbt an Australian (AUS) and Bde. This review is an important (US) Combined (CTF 660). elements and maximise their FEB provided engineering advice and output; and area for the development of the future operations planning support to Corps as it will provide the necessary Headquarters 25 US Division manoeuvre elements without direction for unit commanders compromise to Engineer force to accurately plan detailed unit and aboard the USS Blue Ridge. protection, mobility and tempo. training activities in support of The experience provided exposure the Cbt Bde formation METs. to Operational Theatre activities in There have been a number of small, particular interoperability between the non-integrated projects that have Conclusion purchased additional specialised US military and the ADF. The FEB continues to provide equipment that is now being rolled out technical engineer advice on all The Future Combat Engineer engineer capabilities and is the Regiment and C-METL review and distribution, equipment bridging Plan Beersheba and the impending and route clearance. focal point for engineer support roll out of the Land 400 – Land to training and operations. This Analysis of Plan Beersheba and Land Combat Vehicle System (LCVS) provides unique challenges for the project have re-raised a number 400 structures and concepts by the branch, particularly with the evolution of issues with the structure and Defence Science and Technology of Army’s manoeuvre support equipping of the Combat Engineer Organisation on numerous exercises requirements under Plan Beersheeba. (CER) within the Cbt Bde. and experiments has demonstrated These issues are not revolutionary There will be a changing of the guard support the Cbt Bde in its current at FEB in 2016 with Colonel Rob as areas of concern for the Corps. structure. Consequently, the FEB Sanders moving into the appointment Integration of the M1A1 Abrams along is investigating options to develop with the roll out of Land 400 vehicles the CERs to enhance capability of Force Engineer. Thank you to and Plan Beersheba will continue and ensure that the Corps is well Colonel Stephen Gliddon for his to provide challenges for the Corps, positioned heading into the future. guidance over the past two years. 10 Australian Sapper – 2015

Modernising Manoeuvre Support capability LTCOL Jennifer Harris CSC

The Engineer Development Cell wider institutionalisation of Joint CIED Remediating Enduring Gaps and as part of the Directorate of capability and further enhancement Modernising MS Capability. In 2015 Modernisation - Army (MOD-A) will be delivered under Land 154 Government approved two Major continues to be the focal point and mechanism for modernising reinforcement to the ADF’s Force investment in MS Capability. Manoeuvre Support (MS) capability. Protection Electronic Countermeasure Land 998 (L998) Replacement Importantly the Cell is responsible for capability and establish an enduring Aviation Fire Truck (RAFT) will see advocating engineer requirements material exploitation capability. across other Army and Joint the delivery of the new Oshkosh modernisation projects. Throughout External to Major DCP Projects Striker XC (Army) and Striker AT 2015 the Engineer Cell has pursued dismounted detection capability (RAAF) Vehicles to both RAAF and Army Emergency Responders. Force investment. The Rapid Prototyping, Engineer Branch’s WO1 James Continued introduction into Development and Evaluation Program, Clench has been fundamental to service of capabilities rapidly on behalf of CIED Task Force are the success of the project to date procured to support operations pursuing the next generation of in the Middle East. handheld detectors. Soldiers from vehicles into RAAF SFS in June Remediating enduring gaps 3 CER and SOER were intimately 16, as part of Army’s Capability and Modernising MS capability involved in the latest iteration of trials through Major DCP Projects; to support this initiative in 2015. investment will enhance our and Emergency Response Capability. Technical and High Risk Search Establishing requirements for equipment procured to support Land 155 Phase 1(L155-1) Enhanced future MS modernisation through recent domestic tasks will also be Gap Crossing Capability (EGCC) will Major Projects and supporting introduced into service in order bottom up innovation. to address obsolescence issues replacing both the Floating Support Introduction into Service of within this capability. Both of these Bridge (FSB) and Medium Girder Operational Capability. The Land activities will contribute to future Bridge (MGB) with their modern 154 Joint CIED Program has evolution of detection capability equivalents the Improved Ribbon under the Joint CIED program. Bridge (IRB) and the new Medium Capability. Much of this was done Below: The new Dry Support Bridge rapidly to support operational requirements. Whilst Land 154 Phase 3A, the Australian Protected Route Clearance Capability (APRCC) aka Project NINGAUI achieved further investment continues to ensure the capability endures as a foundation CIED capability.

In addition, the CERs continue to develop the concept of employment for key components such as the High Mobility Engineer Excavator (HMEE), expanding its utility outside of traditional CIED scenarios. Engineers continue to provide leadership in the Australian Sapper – 2015 11

Future Modernisation. In addition to Major DCP Programs, the Cell will continue to pursue the following modernisation themes in 2016:

Support to overarching modernisation of MS capability to enhance the Combined Armed Fighting System.

Remediating enduring gaps in MS capability

Armoured Engineer Capability

Above: The new Footbridge Enhancement of the Engineer Support Platforms, especially Girder Bridge (MGB). In addition it will the Army Headquarters Sustainment introduce two new capabilities, the Team in the immediate remediation Dry Support Bridge (DSB), integrated of in-service CBRND capability, The future Deployed Force with the Land 121 Launch Vehicle rebuilding a foundation in preparation Infrastructure System and the Foot Bridge. The eight person Capability Implementation L2110-1B will deliver. Continued support to bottom Team will be established from Jan up innovation to enhance in In addition to modernisation of 2016 in preparation to support the service equipment. introduction into service of the new core MS Capabilities, engineer requirements have been actively 2015 has seen the continued leading the Capability Acquisition pursued across other major capability projects such as Land 125 Phase and Support Group (CASG) in 3B Soldier Combat Ensemble which its use of innovative industry approval of L998 and L155, rapid partnerships to deliver capability. will continue delivery from now until progress in the CBRND and Joint Jacobs Australia is providing all 2017. Land 400 Phase 3, Mounted CIED space and closure of capability functions of the acquisition agency Close Combat and Land 121Phase and has brought with them the ability 3B, Overlander Medium and Heavy gaps from bottom up innovation. to leverage industry best practice Important to the progress made and innovative tools to support investment in MS Capability. by the cell this year has been Army in realising the EGCC. Bottom Up Innovation. Across the reinforcement from across the Corps Land 2110 Phase 1B (L2110-1B) and Corps, Units continue to support including subject matter experts at Land 3025 (L3025) will enhance ADFs modernisation through bottom up working groups, participation in trials Chemical Biological and Radiological innovation. Trials in water production and innovation initiatives from Units. Defence (CBRND) Capability across capability, protective and load Continued investment from across carriage equipment, were just some the future Joint Force. 3CER and the Corps will be essential in realising SOER both provided integral support conducted in 2015. These have these capability modernisation to limited user evaluation of potential been instrumental in progressing initiatives. More importantly your equipment for L2110-1B this solutions to remediate known gaps year. Both projects progress towards in capability. Importantly many support will be essential to exploiting will inform future modernisation emerging opportunities for future the cell has provided key support to programs for future MS capability. modernisation in 2016. 12 Australian Sapper – 2015

MAJ Paul Pembroke

The appoinment as Career Advisor is a great will continue to be strong as the Corps is opportunity to meet or catch up with, the approach these key milestones I encourage with the professionalism displayed across you to be aware of where you sit relative to your peers and have a plan B that will good hands for the future. I encourage all of enable ongoing career satisfaction. you to take an active interest in your career The pathway specialisation model continues management and think about the long term to evolve and we are now approaching a mature state. Opportunities exist for rather than to take a short term view. talented officers at the rank of Major that The Corps is short and Captains have not been successful for selection while there is a slight surplus of . to attend , to specialise in either personnel or capability (including management? The Lieutenant shortage infrastructure delivery) pathways. The Corps is Army wide and while there are a lot of will no longer consider requests for pathway complicating factors, graduating numbers specialisation before the rank of Major as out of the Royal Military College continues we need our junior officers as generalists. to be the main driver. Four year time in rank for Lieutenants has been an emotive issue and there is work across Army to develop may set you up for success in the future. a long term . I remind everyone that I pass on my congratulations to everyone your time as a troop commander is the most who has been competitively selected this enjoyable of your military career and any year, particularly at the key milestones of opportunity to extend this will enhance your Brad Heskett will take over the role of Career The shortage in the Corps is largely Advisor from me and I wish him well in the a structural issue linked to more positions role. Good luck to everyone for the future. than we can grow with Lieutenants. There and there are still many opportunities for development. Captains should expect to post across the spectrum of Regimental, two postings in a Regimental environment for service need. The key driver in selection for competitive positions, including promotion, is a strong reporting history and it is your hard work that will enable this. Competition for promotion to Major and Sub Unit Command Australian Sapper – 2015 13

Directorate of Soldier Career Management - Army

CAPT Iain Selth

As posting plots are completed and In recent years several RAE personnel have promotion instruments raised, it is evident been highly successful at long term schooling and language opportunities, and DSCMA is specialists and senior soldiers in the Royal again looking for applicants. Should anyone Australian Engineers. Four critical areas be interested, and have no outstanding ROSO or IMPS, they should review the no surprise that these are: Plant Operators, DSCMA SharePoint site to identify positions Supervisor Engineer Services, Supervisor that are available. Similarly, several overseas Building and Combat Engineer SGTs. appointments, including , PNG, Units. Additionally, due to more restrictive seeking applications for 2017. For our Army recruitment this year, Combat Engineer Reserve personnel, Units are actively seeking Sappers are expected to fall to 5% over- members to act on CFTS, particularly in strength in 2016, a dramatic reduction from the 30% over-strength experienced Corps. Those interested are encouraged last year. Natural attrition remains at 13%, to contact DSCMA or their local Units. slightly higher than the 10 year average; In early 2016 the Career Advisors will once however, the greatest concern remains again be on the road attempting to contact our inability to retain CPLs in all trades as many individuals as possible for their annual career guidance interviews. In 2015 DSCMA was able to interview 85% of all The Enhanced Career Management model is starting to be better understood within next year. Two new members will be joining Army, yet the importance of well written the team in 2016, CAPT Nigel Hinde will and accurate annual Performance Appraisal take control of the WO2 portfolio and WO1 Reports (PAR) can not be underestimated. Michael Bates will continue the excellent Late or poorly written PARs can have a work of WO1 Sean McAlinden overseeing the Combat Trades. Finally, the RAE cell will be disadvantaged against their peers. wishes to congratulate all those members Promotions are based on merit, which Progression through the ranks in the Australian a challenging process and should never be around these aspects to the best advantage of the member. This is particularly relevant and their families make is always appreciated, for promotion to WO1 as this rank remains and the team at DSCMA wish everyone well. exceptionally competitive. For example, 20 Combat Engineers competed for an estimated two positions as RSM in 2017, and 17 senior tradesmen competed for one position as Works Manager. 14 Australian Sapper – 2015

RAE Trades and Training MAJ Paul McComb

2015 saw the implementation of new year which resulted in steep learning Supervisor. The Demolition Supervisor policies and procedures in a number of key areas, in particular, the Army occur during this posting cycle with being removed from the Demolition Employment Category Management MAJ Paul McComb and WO1 Michael Supervisor TMP and will become (AECM) process was revitalised with a standalone TMP. SME has also Army Headquarters taking the lead role in guiding us to the future. has greatly improved the RAE TT during his tenure. sunset clause placed on Campus. The RAE Trades and Training (TT) has Demolitions Cell at SME is trialling the presented a number of trades MAJ Scott Thomas will be posting in program with the expectation that it this year and will be presenting as the SO2 RAE TT and new Corps will be active in 2016. all RAE trades minus horizontal construction (ECN 270) at Army will ensure the RAE TT cell continues Other TMPs completed this year Employment Category Managers its excellent work in 2016-17. and currently in ‘Pilot’ or ‘Active’ are: Stakeholders Steering Group (ASSG) Soils Technician, Medium Bridge and Employment Category Review Girder, APRCC, Chainsaw Operator, Endorsement Meeting (ECREM) in RAE Training Carpenter, Plumber and Civil Nov 15. We have an opportunity to Development Cell Construction Plant Course (including develop functional career models the individual equipment TMPs). that posture the Corps to support WO2 Ian Le Poidevin the Combat Brigades and Army into The Army Work Diver and Army 2015 saw the cell fully manned the future. Some key areas the cell is Work Diver Supervisor TMPs are being reviewed by the ADF working through are: Amendments dating back to 2012 Dive School. On completion of had accumulated and there was a Enhancing Operator Specialist the review both amendments Vehicle (OSV) prior to the will be presented to TMB which percent by the end of the year. There delivery of project Land 121. currently will be in March 2016. are currently twenty six TMPs being Developing a land survey completed or waiting allocation trade model that sits within an to a Training Developer (TD). existing RAE ECN. Combat Engineering Improving the vertical The main focus this year was on the Trades construction trades by re-design and review of the ARA RAE Both ECN 096 & ECN 432 went to the determining the appropriate IET CE Curriculum Phases 1 to 4, ASSG in Nov 2015. There is no plan level for QA/QC. Reviewing the in line with the capability review and for any changes to the CE base trade ROSO/IMPS for tradesman its outcomes. The RAE IET Phases or EDD Handlers, several Courses of post initial trade training IOT 1 to 4 has been re-aligned with Action (COA) have been proposed improve retention issues. current practice and future capability requirements. Combat Shooting for OSV and ECN 432. These COA Developing the future EOD and Urban Operations in support of aim to improve the sustainability of training model that solves Infantry has been incorporated into RAE trades whilst ensuring they meet the RAE IET Curriculum. future capability requirements. personnel. The demolition curriculum has been Following last year’s review of the Ascertaining the future AER updated to re-align with doctrine ARA RAE IET Training, the focus trade model to meet Army’s published last year. The following future capability requirements. courses have been amended; the current ARA IET Course TMP Demolition User, Demolition has been reviewed and new TMP new personnel into key positions this Target Supervisor, and Demolition developed. A pilot course is being Australian Sapper – 2015 15

conducted at SME over the period and Supervisors are encouraged More details will be released upon Sep-Dec 2015. Once the IET course to look over respective ES and the completion of the Employment notify CATC of any issues. Category Review Endorsement review of the rest of the ARA RAE (ECREM) meeting in Nov 15. training continuum (CPL-WO2). The CRSM is currently conducting Geospatial (ECN working groups and developing a 423) and Multimedia Army Emergency proposal for GRES IET training. (ECN180) Technicians Response (ECN 141) WO2 Joshua Farley WO2 Sue Bourne Construction Trades WO2 Andrew Westover WO2 Robert Emerson role of the AER will result in a more AustINT may grow next year robust, deployable capability that RAE TT has been engaged with if a plan for the transfer of provides specialist survivability AHQ this year to improve the ROSO/ Geospatial Technicians (GT), support to Army. The revised role IMPS for vertical Construction Trades less survey, and Multimedia consists of: training. This will aim to circumvent Technicians (MMT) is endorsed. the majority of retention issues faced Support to high-risk aviation The driver of this change has been the by construction trades. activities (recovery from military evolution of the MMT and GT roles. aircraft) As such, RAE TT has revised MMTs, other than those employed the ASSG COA development to Support to high-risk land- ‘no change’ to allow the ROSO/ support roles in SOCOMD units, 1 force activities, as prioritised IMPS solution to come into Int Bn (2 Coy in support of PSYOPS) by the supported commander and HQ 1 Div. Demand for MMT skills (recovery from B veh, A veh guidance for the following: from these units have expanded and and non-complex buildings these soldiers work directly in support associated with a deployed Capability needs statement for of intelligence or are embedded within environment such as a forward RAE construction trades intelligence cells. operating base) Request funding for a The Army’s geospatial capabilities Support to Combat Recovery detailed analysis into the have also evolved from information (CR) and Combat SAR appropriate level for QA/QC collection and map production to (CSAR) in uncertain or to reside WRT construction geospatial analysis. Army geospatial hostile environments trades within the ADF. detachments now commonly work Support to deployed In the interim, RAE TT will in the intelligence environment in commanders with the continue to engage with units and Combat HQs, SOCOMD provision of force protection stakeholders in the development units, in HQ 1 Div HQ NORCOM and advice and training. of realistic COA IAW guidance HQ JOC, AGO, and 1 Int Bn. The ECR will lead to likely changes to from AHQ and outcomes from the The survey capability will be current AER organisation, rank ratios previous ASSG held in Apr 15. recommended to remain with RAE under the command of 6 training continuum is being reviewed. The Construction trade employment ESR to enable the support of construction activities. The construct next year, resulting in 2016 seeing updated. They address policy of the RAE Survey capability the largest changes to AER since changes and inconsistencies is still under review and will be the establishment of the Emergency within each document. Trades presented to ASSG in Nov 15. Response Squadron in 1998. 16 Australian Sapper – 2015

School of

2015 was a historic year for the The new SME facilities represent an facilities would provide. More detail School of Military Engineering (SME). evolution for the delivery of Sapper is provided below, but it is worth The relocation of the School to training. A pragmatic design that highlighting that the formation of a after 75 years has captured the functional linkages Training Support Wing has allowed at its former location on the banks of between training areas has seen a like functions to be consolidated marked improvement in the quality and organisational measures to be event for the Corps. The planning implemented to mitigate against the and preparation throughout 2014 paid The new lines will serve the Corps challenges of dealing with a fully very well for many years to come. contracted enabling support model. good order over three months early It would appear to be customary Of particular interest to the broader this year. The school was complete that SME undergoes minor structural Corps is the conduct of a holistic in its new lines by . The change every couple of years. A review of engineer individual training relocated Corps Memorial was re- Unit Establishment Review (UER) against the requirements of the dedicated at the School’s Anzac Day conducted in the later part of 2014 provided the analysis to critically Management Framework, the review the way the school goes about endorsed Corps Mission Essential The new ‘Home of the Sapper’ was its training and a new organisational Task List (METL) and Plan Beersheba. opened on the 26 Jun 2015 with the structure was endorsed. The opportunity to implement the structure Individual Training Framework (EITC) Lines (SME), and MAJGEN Day, our 12 months early in Jan 15 was taken senior serving Sapper at the time, to enable the school to capitalise on gaps or areas of overtraining as well as structural shortfalls in our training Australian Sapper – 2015 17

Left. The Chief of Army inspects the parade at the new ‘Home of Opposite. SME on parade for the

Geospatial Engineering Wing (GEW) formalised its organisation into a Training Troop and Future Training Materials cell enabling them to keep pace with the rapidly changing trade.

Perhaps the largest change was the creation of TSW from a raft of former HQ functions and the Holdfast Troop. TSW was designed to provide key enabling functions for the training wings whilst also allowing RHQ to design. The outcomes of the EITC will Specialist Engineering Wing (SEW) and concentrate on key command and enable focused training development disestablishment of the IET Squadron. operations functions. TSW consists of to align with Corps priorities. the Holdfast Troop, Transport Section, The former IET Squadron was PTI, WHS, TRF/Maintenance, Logistics Again, more detail on our training combined with the Engineer Tactics and Signals cells. The latter cell was and Basic Combat Engineering cells to raised to deliver the new radio and Finally, I would like to thank all the form Combat Engineering Wing (CEW). battlespace management system The new CEW covers all Combat training and to apply renewed focus service and support over the past two Engineer (CE) training from SPR to our ability to communicate on the years in what has been a challenging through to CAPT, directly delivering but rewarding period. To successfully all IET, Tactics and BCE training while maintenance of SME’s vehicle and relocate the school without reduction also managing the CE promotion in our training tempo is due to your courses which have components professionalism and dedication. It delivered by other parts of SME. in the availability of this equipment. has been a privilege to serve with so This of training once While there were some challenges with many who are as passionate about spread over three wings has already the raising of the new structure in the their trade as you are and committed allowed a more focused approach middle of the move of SME, the initial to deliver the highest quality training. to training delivery and development signs are that these changes have been Thank you for your contributions and I look forward to watching with interest the delivery of the Engineer Operations of training in several areas. the ongoing success of the school. In 2016 further changes are likely SEW retains responsibility for the Engineer Training Flight from RAAF Unit structural evolution delivery of low density specialist School of Fire and Security to MAJ Dan Hebditch combat engineering skills under SME where it will form part of the demolitions, watermanship and Construction Wing with seven RAAF January 2015 saw SME conduct a bridging, mine warfare, counter-mines, AFENG instructors. This transfer reorganisation to adopt the structures search, explosive detection dog and will see the concentration of ADF developed during the 2014 UER CBRND cells. one year in advance of the formal construction engineer training at SME introduction of the Unit Establishment Construction Wing (CW) saw a (UE) in 2016. The new structure minor change in its component included changes to the organisation elements with a reorganisation the Littoral and Riverine Survey including the raising of a Training into Construction Promotions, Squadron is to transfer to SME from 5 Support Wing (TSW), re-raising of Civil and Trade Training Troops. ER also in Jan 16. 18 Australian Sapper – 2015

Training delivery Construction Training. Inclusion Training Development The relocation to the new Steele Lines 2015 has seen SME continue to invest on Holsworthy Barracks has been a High Risk Work Licence on Civil in the development and evolution of catalyst for enhancements to training Construction Plant Course (CCPC) delivery within the School. A summary to meet directed requirements and been made to better understand the of some of the enhancements are: requirements of the EITC. This has personnel in Units from just Crane assisted the prioritisation of training Improved classroom design. New Operators to all Plant Operators. development through our links to the classrooms and syndicate rooms have RAE TT Cell at CATC. Use of EasyGuide training materials training purpose. There are a number in CCPC to ensure industry best The new Combat Engineer IET of IT based classrooms for geospatial practice in machine operation and multimedia training, simulation at the end of 2015 after a gestation training, as well as DRN based of three years. This course includes instruction. military context of plant operator additional investment in tree felling, The Geospatial Training Network capability requirements and improve urban operations and breaching, (GEONET). Geospatial training has overall training quality. and an enhanced nine day Field Inclusion of a culminating civil Training Exercise. A reduction to the delivery of a tailor-made, virtual construction activity in CCPC to a standard 10 period training day training network. This is supported by ensure all Plant Operators are to increase skill and information the Stand-alone Network Remediation retention has also resulted in a in a military construction site longer, but more robust course. environment and give them exposure to a large capacity server enabling to Plant CPL responsibilities. the replication of enterprise database has been revised to refocus it on management. Instructor monitoring Redesign of Force Protection software included on the network has Engineering training packages improved training and syndicate work for all ranks focused on the of COAC. These changes have driven by enabling instructors to view current practitioner (combat engineer), risk a review by Construction Wing to activity on trainee workstations to rationalise the Physical Force Protection display for the class or manage tasking communicating risks and measures to training delivered by the SME. during CPX activities. supported commanders. SEW has been focusing strongly on Web Mapping Services. The Design, procurement and the delivery into service of the Ningaui GEONET delivery has enabled the construction of a reusable Non- suite of equipment and has also been training and publication of web Equipment Bridge to facilitate a heavily involved with revising the mapping services through ArcGIS better practical learning environment CBRND suite of courses to deliver Portal. This enables the creation of a coherent capability and support web pages that, once GEONET is the eventual introduction of the Joint approved for connection to the DRN, Project (JP) 2110 capabilities. Objectives through analysing will support all of SME training delivery expectations of a ‘Tradie’ upon arrival Modernisation through the publication of imagery, at Units (capability context) and mapping, key data (including hand SME has been committed to what training trainees have received held imagery) and tactical overlays. supporting an array of modernisation (ARTC, IET, ALTC) (training context). initiatives, especially through SEW. Multimedia training facilities. Endorsed training objectives included The Counter Mine cell has continued MMT training has been enhanced basic soldier skills and the use of to drive the introduction of the by the delivery of a dedicated trade skills in non-threat and threat Australian Protected Route Clearance sound booth and recording environments, and were used as Capability (APRCC) and this year has studio to improve media and AV the basis of planning, execution and seen the introduction of the APRCC training and product delivery. review of the exercise. Commander’s Course, the building Australian Sapper – 2015 19

Above. of a dedicated APRCC compound FSB and also introducing an entirely the opportunity to consolidate their at SME and initiatives designed to new rail launched bridge system. technical engineering skills in a robust aid maintenance of the capability. SEW has been engaged with AHQ and credible tactical environment. this year supporting this project and The tactical scenarios have been including the Sparks Mine Roller, 2016 will see the establishment of reviewed to ensure they are testing the which will support the APRCC as well a Capability Implementation Team engineer functions (mobility, counter- as other courses in the School. The which will be collocated at SME mobility and survivability in combined APRCC Battle Simulation System to develop the Introduction Into based on VBS3 the use of which has Service training requirements. demanding FTX will assist in the been integrated in to the APRCC In the future the Land 125 Soldier development of resilience across the Commander’s Course to aid the Equipment Combat Ensemble RAE’s trainees. instruction of TTPs. will also begin to see the issue of Events in the Middle East have seen integrated body armour, helmets tactical improvements to the capstone a notable increase in the interest in and other equipment for Combat Engineers at SME at the Tier 2 (ROBC). For example the new CE ADF, and SEW has been well poised Dismounted level which will allow IET TMP pilot has increased EX to recommend a number of courses ROBC and IET trainees to ‘train as of action which will refresh and to nine days to create more rigorous revitalise the ADF’s CBRND Courses. equipment as the regiments. and tactically sound scenarios for The CBRND cell, through JP2110, Developing resilience the IET soldiers to negotiate. These hosted a series of trials in Nov 15. SME has continued to develop its include a three day defensive phase, Land 155 will refresh the Corps’ Field Training Exercises (FTX) to ensure that the IET and ROBC trainees have transitional phases inbetween. 20 Australian Sapper – 2015

Among some key engineer tasks for From the RSM and management of the trade trainees the defensive phase are: conducting has greatly increased in the last 12 pit excavation by explosive means WO1 Dave Harvey (both day and night) and the conduct There is no such thing as a low tempo of counter-mobility operations. In unit in Army today, between the move With the move of the SME to of the School to Steele Lines, the Holsworthy, the Geospatial required to conduct crossing point 100 years of ANZAC, the opening Engineering Wing (GEW) received a operations (construction of an MGB brand new, very expensive computer bridge and continuous maintenance), Conference in four years and a number system. The ‘GEONET’ would not work with additional search assets of other unit commitments, 2015 has have been set up as well as it has (EDD team) in the clearance of been a very busy time for SME. NAIs along a designated route, and the conduct of a live breach Fraser, GEW’s resident geek, not and clearance through an enemy’s very well and achieved an excellent only did he help install the system, he protective obstacle utilising the result; however the CO would like breaching fundamentals in support to recognise some of the areas and and future proof. individuals of the SME. of a combined arms level assault. As part of the restructure of the The same is the case for the First of all, the Countermine Team, SME and the raising of TSW, the CAPT Hamilton, WO2 Miller, SGT establishment of the Maintenance Brown and CPL Stanley. The CM gruelling 21 day exercise where team worked very hard to bring on increased serviceability of C the LTs are required to perform the Route Clearance Package into vehicle and better management of the basic combat engineer tasks in service, from designing to delivering support of mobility, counter-mobility training, they did it all. and WO2 Coady were both central to this acheivement. Staying in TSW, and survivability operations. Their The other team in the school that WO1 Pillay is posting this year, and performance is evaluated as they with him goes the S4 WO1 position, are assigned to key leadership of the Trade Training Troop (too many Reg will be missed at the SME, no positions as Troop Commander and names to mention here), the training problem is too big for Reg and he additional live breaching tasks utilising Below. The Royal Australian Engineers quietly gets the job done. PMV to reduce safety distances, FSB Over in Combat Engineer Wing rafting and urban operations serials (CEW), all the IET Troop Sergeants were included to better prepare have done an outstanding job bringing the LTs for regimental service. the new Combat Engineer IET course IETs and ROBC trainees are required into being. So, well done to SGT to complete the combat arms PES-A Harding, SGT Pascoe and SGT Anger. before posting to their new units. In Also, recognition needs to go to WO2 general pass rates are in the high 90% range with those failing retained in a large and complex wing focused Holdfast Troop to retake the PES-A, on delivering quality training during a usually successfully.

Ongoing development of these FTX Finally, due recognition should be given will take place in 2016 to further enhance their tactical relevance. In establish the School in its new location particular, work will be conducted was a huge responsibility and he has to review the tactical content of the done a great job, maintained a (very Combat Engineer SUB 4 CPL and dry) sense of humour and left a legacy SUB 4 SGT courses. for those to follow. Australian Sapper – 2015 21

Construction Troop - Armament and Construction Wing ALTC

After more than 25 years, competition scheduled for 2017. Construction Troop returned to the The Troop is planning to support this cannon now sits at the entrance to the small historical town of Walhalla, Victoria to complete upgrade works gold medals, to the national World As part of the Construction Engineer to the Walhalla Mechanics Institute. skills competition, which will be Individual Training Continuum, This building was previously rebuilt held in Melbourne in August 2016. Construction Troop ASEME are by Army Apprentices from Latchford Sergeant Major Construction, WO1 working closely with Construction Barracks back in the late 1980’s, it Johnson, stated that this type of Wing SME to review the current burnt down in the 1950’s. A small trade competition had provided both Subject 4, both Core and BES works team of carpenters completed Construction Troop and the ADF with courses. The intent is to rectify current the works providing them with problems and look to the future an excellent validation of training its tradesmen’s skills in training with capability requirements. and on the job experience. The the best in both regional and national Troop returned in force after the levels. These positive results by our ACW junior and senior apprentice completion of works at the request classes both conducted military training of the community, participating in the curriculum and methodology provides in Majura Training Area this year. The Anzac Day ceremony and assisting the best possible trainees for the Army. training area put on the usual weather in unveiling a plaque honouring Construction Troop provided the fallen from WW1. This was a and a sunny 34°C for the second. major occasion for the small town’s The successful training was aimed and reconstruction of the timber population that grew from 12 to over at enhancing their basic soldier skills carriageway for a 6 pounder brass 500 for the dawn service. through challenging IMTs. cannon which arrived in Australia Three Carpenter Trainees from Construction Troop competed in HMS SIRIUS. The brass cannon Construction Troop would know Mr the Riverina-Murray Region World and carriage (pictured above) was Phil Ring as the Carpenter Instructor skills competition, held in Wagga transported back to the Victoria and Curriculum Manager. Phil has been Wagga. The three entrants placed a part of the establishment at Latchford completion and presented to COMD Barracks since 1986, providing loyal awards in Oct this year. Construction FORCOMD MAJGEN PW Gilmore AO, and committed service to the wing. Troop will look to place further entries DSC. The cannon is the only one of its Phil retired this year and was farewelled in the next regional World skills kind remaining in Australia. Originally by close friends and colleagues. 22 Australian Sapper – 2015

[ RAE Operations ]

Operation OKRA -

contribution to the international known as ISIL) terrorist threat in Iraq and Syria. Australia’s contribution is being closely coordinated with the Iraqi government, Gulf nations and a broad coalition of international partners.

About 780 ADF personnel have deployed to the Middle East in These personnel make up the Air Task Group (ATG), the Special Operations Task Group (SOTG) and Task Group Taji (TG Taji).

Approximately 400 personnel have been assigned to the ATG, approximately 80 personnel are assigned to the SOTG and approximately 300 personnel are assigned to TG Taji.

Top. Commander of Task Group Taji, COL Matt Galton addresses students of the NCO Academy during their graduation ceremony at the Right. SPR Shane Morrissey (left) instructs an Iraqi Army soldier during a practical lesson on room entries as part of urban clearance drills at the Australian Sapper – 2015 23

Operation HIGHROAD -

The ADF’s commitment to Australia remains committed to Afghanistan is known as Operation a stable and secure Afghanistan and continues to support the personnel serving with the ADF’s NATO-led train, advise and assist Below. MAJ Damian mission called Resolute Support Maher (left) and US Army Task Group Afghanistan (TG AFG). engineer, SSGT Ryan which has replaced the previous Swanson discuss the TG AFG’s Headquarters is at NATO-led International Security retrograde operations at Assistance Force (ISAF) mission. Maher was embedded Airport and comprises a command Around 250 ADF members from in transitioning the base element of about 45 ADF personnel, the , the infrastructure to the which coordinates administration, Australian Army, the Royal Australian scoping” military buildings communications and logistics and Defence civilians support for all ADF members and tearing down other are deployed in Afghanistan as buildings that are not deployed to Afghanistan. part of Operation HIGHROAD. 24 Australian Sapper – 2015

[ RAE Operations ]

Operation PACIFIC ASSIST Operation PACIFIC ASSIST 2015 was Royal Australian Air Force C-17A the ADF’s response to the devastation Globemaster strategic transport brought to Vanuatu by Tropical aircraft and C-130J Hercules aircraft. southern islands of Tanna and Cyclone Pam in March 2015. More A P-3C Orion maritime patrol aircraft Erromango. On Tanna, engineers than 500 soldiers, sailors, aircrew also provided reconnaissance support undertook tasks including restoring deployed during the operation, over Vanuatu and the Solomon the water supply to the eight major providing help across the archipelago population centres, repairs to four with a clearer picture of the damage medical centres, four churches and process in the wake of the Category caused by Tropical Cyclone Pam. 11 schools. On Erromango, a small 5 cyclone. Australian troops played Military support was also provided group of engineers joined sailors from a major part in the immediate relief by French, British and Defence Forces. from the communities of Dillon’s restoring basic services and delivering Bay and Happy Land. They also The amphibious operations more than 115 tonnes of humanitarian conducted route clearance tasks, assistance and disaster relief support infrastructure repairs and aid delivery. engineers, vehicles and additional aid throughout Vanuatu. and provided the maritime base for The initial ADF response included much of the ADF’s high-tempo post- the rapid delivery of Australian aid disaster recovery operations in the Above. Sappers from 3CER sail back to HMAS TOBRUK after dropping and emergency personnel using outer islands. supplies ashore at Erromango Australian Sapper – 2015 25

AACAP 2015 The prime focus for 21 Cosntruction Squadron was the 22nd AACAP in Titjikala NT, approximately 110km South of . The Scope of Works (SOW) included the construction of a Wastewater Treatment System (WTS), 2 two- bedroom duplexes, a change room facility adjacent to the town sporting Training Shed and the expansion of Fill material was sourced from a borrow pit approximately 1km south of Titjikala, requiring The WTS Ponds were assessed as the critical SOW item for the project, imported throughout construction. consisting of four ponds contained The WTS Ponds SOW item was within a 190m x 210m fenced completed and handed over to Top. compound. During the construction of the Project Management Team a drone of the completed WTS ponds; the WTS, approximately 8,720,000L (19 CE Wks) on 18 Sep 15, three Above. of construction water was used. weeks ahead of schedule. 26 Australian Sapper – 2015

Exercise PUK PUK

The Exercise is a light scale engineer stadium, and a live venue activity between the ADF and Papua infrastructure rehabilitation. search of a major New Guinea Defence Force (PNGDF). Construction Troop undertook formed the engineer component of 3 refurbishment of the Delta Coy positive change in both basic and Bde’s Exercise OLGETTA WARRIOR accommodation and headquarters specialist military skills. The Training aimed at achieving positive and buildings. Progression of trade and Troops trained 76 Charlie Company enduring change in the PNGDF. project management skills, building soldiers in basic skills including In 2015, the engineer activities on the activities from previous navigation, patrolling, section included Mobile Training Teams with years, was also undertaken with the attacks, ambushes, obstacles, the PNGDF’s Engineer Battalion. PNGDF Tradesmen. Other tasks vehicle check-points and vital asset completed included rehabilitation of protection at the request of the Games, PNGDF exchanges were the obstacle course and front gate, CO. Specialists from 1 RPIR were maintenance and restoration of also incorporated in during also teamed with their counterparts essential services within the barracks, from our Squadron. This saw skills and refurbishment of the Soldier’s transfer and mentoring across Club. A vital contribution over the last roles including signals, logistics, conducted with the 1st Royal two years has been the inclusion of administration, catering, transport, Scoping Studies through the Works Taurama Barracks, Port Moresby. maintenance, health, physical Team. These provide long-term training and dental. Most popular The contingent was led by 25 Spt infrastructure development planning, were the Small Engines Courses, Sqn and comprised members and long-term maintenance plans for vehicle maintenance, computer skills from ten ARA units and nine ARES the PNGDF barracks implemented training, care of the battle casualty units as well as attachments from with the Garrison Engineers and the RAAF, US Marine Corps, US Within the infantry companies, this Navy, and the . training with the infantry soldiers was also included a focus on discipline The Main Body formed at Lavarack conducted for basic maintenance and and leadership, revised physical Barracks in Townsville.The Main engineering skills, and implemented training, barracks maintenance Body formed a Squadron consisting into the 1 RPIR Battle Rhythm. and skills training programs. of Works Team, Construction Working in partnership with the Troop, Specialist Training Team, generation. Essential to this training PNGDF’s 1 RPIR and the Engineer Training Troop x 2, Health were the Field Engineers from the Battalion gave the Squadron unique and Logistics Troop. PNGDF Engineer Battalion who had opportunities. The undertaking completed 3 CER’s Mobile Training Each Troop and Team was partnered of mentoring and relationship Team search package and evaluation with their respective PNGDF development posed challenges at the beginning of the year. PNGDF counterparts, attached from 1 RPIR to our own soldiers and NCOs infantry and engineers working and the Engineer Battalion from in an isolated and demanding together for major event security is a . The Squadron worked in the environment. The multinational part of a progression of training that 3 involvement strengthened CER will continue with the PNGDF in enduring infrastructure rehabilitation, relationships and set the conditions the lead-up to Port Moresby hosting search capability generation and for future development. Finally, APEC 2018. As such, the search the inclusion of a broad spectrum military skills change management. training included venue, building, area of members from the PNGDF The Squadron’s manning was and route search, culminating in hotel provided a framework for future 3 145, with a total of 231 PNGDF searches for simulated VIP activities, CER activities through the Exercise men and women attached. search and seal activities at a major OLGETTA WARRIOR construct. Australian Sapper – 2015 27

Exercise SOUTHERN KATIPO amphibious stability and security exercise held in New Zealand from 17 October to 24 November 15.

Approximately 150 ADF personnel are taking part, including the Austrailan Army’s Ready Combat Team from the in and Royal Australian Air Force C–130J aircraft.

Force’s largest exercise to validate their amphibious Above. SPR Mohamad capabilities. This exercise also demonstrates the Rababi (left), and CPL Scott combined ability of Australian and New Zealand militaries to respond to a humanitarian assistance or security during Ex SOUTHERN KATIPO 28 Australian Sapper – 2015

Above. Exercise HAMEL Right.

EX HAMEL 2015 was conducted with a long time. In conjunction with these was commanded by CO 3 CSSB. works, the Trade Sect were constructing Impressed with what an RAE Sqn could dummy A vehicles in separate locations achieve in a defensive position in a 72 with an 18 SQN led independent hour period he instructed his Combat disposition. These dummy vehicles Team commanders to tour the position. of 2 Combat Engineer (CE) Troops, Unfortunately, the Sqn was unable Plant Sect, Trade Sect and logistic subsequent targeting by rotary and to stay and defend its impenetrable support. The Bde Comd dictated position as we were ordered to advance his intent early on to limit the use of US scheme of manoeuvre on the to the South and occupy Raspberry VHF. This was to ensure we remained Creek in the 7 Bde rear area. So, after under the detection threshold for as stages was dispersed to all parts of a glory run almost unopposed across long as possible, deceiving 7 Bde the range to conduct survivability tasks half of the training area, 18 CE Sqn was of our force dispositions IOT delay for 3 RAR, 3 CSSB and digging in the occupying Raspberry Creek, only 10 km their advance through Shoalwater from the 7 Bde HQ main. In a tenuous Bay Training Area (SWBTA). of SWBTA. The support provided by position with no support available, the the specialists of 25 Spt Sqn ensured Sqn was under the impression that an the successful outcomes provided by 3 attack was imminent. However, as the (MDP) occupied by 3 RAR were CER. hours turned into days, and the days into positioned in locations that provided a week there was limited reaction from 7 excellent opportunities for the CE Bde who were committed to assaults on Troops, assisted by Plant, to deny the continued to wreak havoc on the Main Supply Route (MSR) and delay the Australian forces, the focus shifted advance. The CE Troop’s deviousness from counter-mobility to survivability The war petered out and was over tasks. The Sqn moved to the North before we got to test our urban and it was remarked that the obstacle and created an ‘impenetrable’ Sqn defensive position. The MDP Australian Sapper – 2015 29

objectives receiving direct feedback on target realism and pattern-of-life from the 3 RAR and 2 Cav ISR assets. This information was then used to further develop TTPs and designs.

By June, four M113 AS4s, four , four M1A1 turrets and two M1A1 full-sized dummies were completed. The extra details for shape learnt from Ex CATA were implemented including ammunition boxes, water jerries, hatches being able to open and close, and turret realism including fake 25mm chain guns able to swing with a person mounted inside. The Sappers also spent time with 2 Cav to ensure realism for the exercise conditions. This included painting the gun barrels red for the blank

Bde HQ Tac was assaulted by a 7 The Deception Plan foot containers (less the original Bde Cav element. CO 3 CER and CO 25 Spt Sqn supported the deception full-sized M1A1 dummies) to enable their discreet transport to SWBTA. 4 Regt conducted a two man suicide activities for 3 Bde’s enemy mission The ASLAVs and M1A1 turrets were counter attack to allow the Bde during Ex HAMEL at SWBTA. The used to establish a dummy armoured Commander to make his withdrawal process commenced months in CT position. The four M113 AS4s on foot into the wilderness. advance in order to test and adjust reinforced a real Bn MDP. the cunning deception plans of the 18 Sqn as part of HAMEL gained Sappers before enacting the real (or valuable experience operating as The M1A1 tanks were transported rather fake) plan. The events included on one s-line and step deck to number and variety of tasks including; building mock-ups of 2D and 3D BTR SWBTA with the nose cones of the counter-mobility, mobility, day and night and BRDM dummies during Ex CATA tanks transported in a mack dump. They were constructed to simulate quick attacks and an attempted concealment realism as well as trials for a tank section in reserve. Limited heat, noise, track, fume and pattern- there was a large amount of freedom of-life. Next was the pre-fabrication of a Typically reserve tanks have limited of action however the Sqn gained series of dummies at vital experiences from conducting manoeuvrability. This allowed them these tasks. In achieving these tasks shipping containers for transport to to be observed from the air. The trick the Sqn also occupied or developed SWBTA. Finally the plan was enacted all six of the Bde objectives and at SWBTA in accordance with 3 Bde believable but not too much so that the covered more of SWBTA than Commander’s deception intent. dummies could be detected. many of us ever wanted to. The dummies were developed by the The main aim was to disrupt 7 Bde’s EX HAMEL provided excellent training for Sqn in May with several 2D and 3D operational planning cycle through their the Troops, conducting a wide variety of BTR-80s and BRDMs constructed for ISR assets reporting the dummies as activities that sharpened their skills and BG Faithful and Eagle’s culminating real targets or better still encourage 7 focused on the core engineering tactics LFX. 25 Spt Sqn members also Bde to deploy assets to destroy the of counter-mobility and survivability skills. provided a human signature on the dummies as high value targets. 30 Australian Sapper – 2015

[ Sapper SITREP ]

1st Combat Engineer Regiment LTCOL Mick Scott

The 1st Combat Engineer Regiment arms teams both in the Northern (CBRND), tactical obstacle is complete again in sunny Darwin Territory and . construction, breaching and search. following the re-relocation of 9th Field The Field Squadrons have continued 23rd Support Squadron and Squadron from RAAF Edinburgh to Operational Support Squadron have over the 2014/15 Engineer support in the new proven instrumental in all aspects of Christmas period. The concentration structure, and in particular has training, demonstrating the essential of the unit in Darwin is a result of the worked hard to develop the habitual integration of these assets with all requirements of Plan BEERSHEBA. relationships with the Infantry and other activities in the Regiment and Whilst elements of the Armoured units. This has ensured the Brigade. 23rd Support Squadron remain split between and smooth integration into Battle Darwin, the Regiment continues Groups as well as the high regard construction tasks including work to provide Engineer support to all with which Engineers are being held at East Point Military Museum, the elements of the Brigade. by the other units of the 1st Brigade. new Brigade Memorial, LAND 144 The extended period in Reset has search lanes, Mount Bundey Training The Regiment has worked hard to come to an end with the Regiment Area improvements and Ex HARI’I maintain support to 7th Battalion and D Squadron, 1st Armoured Ready on Ex HAMEL 2016. The but a few. Combined with the work Regiment in Adelaide by deploying focus has rapidly shifted to collective of the Emergency Responders in 9th Field Squadron southward on training with the year concluding support of 1st Aviation Regiment and three separate occasions. The Field with Ex PREDATORS RUN in the Training Squadrons have conducted training Centre (AAAvnTC), 23rd Support in the suite of Combat Engineer of the Brigade’s Combat Teams. Squadron has been extremely busy tasks, including rafting operations and stretched across a wide number To reach this training milestone, the to provide mobility support to of tasks all year. Regiment has conducted numerous 8th/12th Regiment’s M777 guns, training exercises, as an independent bridging (both equipment and non- Operational Support Squadron Engineer Task Group on Ex GOANNA equipment), Chemical Biological remains the ever-present logistic CANTER, and in support of combined Radiological and Nuclear Defence backbone of the Regiment and, in well as the challenging Ex GOANNA CANTER, have seen the Squadron provide invaluable contribution in logistic support to the Regiment and role players for a Stability Operations assessment on Ex PREDATORS RUN.

Whilst the majority of the year has been spent supporting the 1st Brigade, the Regiment has also contributed to Ex HAMEL 2015, conducted international engagement through Ex HARI’I Australian Sapper – 2015 31

Above. Left.

1st Combat Engineer Regiment and Force for the cyclone season and run the Army Dive Concentration for the . The Regiment worked 9th Field Squadron will commence all Army Work Divers from across the closely with the Marine Engineers, responsibilities as part of the Corps. The Dive Concentration was which included a Combat Engineer Ready Battle Group with the 5th a highly successful activity involving Platoon and a Support Platoon. Battalion. Regiment Headquarters, Northern Territory Police, the Royal Training with the Marines reinforced 23rd Support Squadron and Australian Navy but, thankfully, no the high level of interoperability Operational Support Squadron will crocodiles. In April, just prior to between the two forces, whilst round out both the Field Squadrons commemorating the Regiment’s with specialist capabilities. tactics, techniques and procedures Gallipoli, Vietnam Veterans and their that each organisation uses. 2015 has again been a highly families from the 1st Field Squadron The Regiment has started to see successful year with a combination of Group Association converged on the Regiment for a reunion. This event training. The unit has thus far been included an excellent forum with 2016 as the unit moves from successful on the road to Ex HAMEL current soldiers discussing resilience. Readying to Ready. Preparations 2016 and is prepared to support The Vietnam Veterans then led the for deployments have started and Palmerston Anzac Day march, followed deployments around the country and the performance of the Regiment by the entire Regiment. across the globe. this year highlights that it is nearly Marine Rotation Force-Darwin at the standard required to support You can keep up to date with the (MRF-D) completed their six month operations. Aside from the known activities of the 1st Combat Engineer rotation in October and there was a operations, 1st Field Squadron will Regiment on our Facebook page or high level of integration between the establish the Emergency Support on Twitter @CO_1CER. 32 Australian Sapper – 2015

[ Sapper SITREP ] Australian Sapper – 2015 33

Left. The memorial Opposite. SPR Canning and EDD Barney conducting MRH

2nd Combat Engineer Regiment LTCOL Matt Richardson

Following a busy 2014 the Regiment out in the Regt in 2014. The Despite all the hard work the Regt has (Regt) has settled into the UBIQUE Sappers worked extremely hard also found time to relax and have fun. Lines, which have proven to be in developing the capability within excellent accommodation for the in the 7 Bde Sports competition Regt. The Sapper’s have worked on Ex CATA. Additionally the Regt particularly living up to the nickname tirelessly to make the new lines home. continued its integration of digitised AFL and Rugby. We have also had The 7th Brigade (7 Bde) has assumed of vehicles working towards 7 Bde’s opportunities to bring our family and ‘Ready’ within the force generation friends along to enjoy numerous social cycle which has seen 2 CER activities from mixed dining-ins, family undertake a vast range of individual In addition to supporting the RBG, functions and of course the annual and collective training activities to the Regt has members deployed Regimental Ball. assume RBG responsibilities. to Ex NORTHERN SHIELD and Ex It has been a challenging and busy year for the Regt. I would like to take this opportunity to thank the Bde CATA in support of Battle Group Outside of exercise and operations the members of the Regt for their hard (BG) Ram and Heeler. The Engineers Regt played a key role in recognising work and tireless service. Most the centenary of the 7 Bde’s formation importantly I would like to thank once again, contending against and residence in Brisbane. Sappers the families and friends of the Regt. complex tidal conditions and a high from 24 Spt Sqn constructed a Without your continued support tempo battlespace to conduct a Battle memorial plinth in 7 Brigade Park we could not do what we do. Group water crossing with the FSB. complete with footpaths and garden This saw the versatile FSB used in both beds. The plinth is made of granite and 2016 promises to be another is a product of quality craftsmanship exciting and challenging year, I am which will no doubt be a long standing The Regt continued the integration reminder of 7 Bde’s service to the will be equal to the task. of new capabilities. The APRC Australian Army and to Brisbane. suite (Project NINGAUI) was rolled Ubique. 34 Australian Sapper – 2015

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3rd Combat Engineer Regiment LTCOL John Daunt

The year presented a number of stores, and execution of amphibious challenges and opportunities for the 3CER, with 3 Bde maintaining RBG on the outer islands. While impacting obligations as the Ready Brigade, on some of the preparation for BG and the additional challenges of LFX and the CATA / HAMEL series, the evolving amphibious land force these HADR deployments provided capability based on 2 RAR. With an excellent opportunity to conduct deployment planning, deployed in RHQ, the beginning of the year logistics support, a range of combat engineer and support squadron tasks, DINGO FURY provided the Regt with structures and processes not only for this key shakeout opportunity, with the upcoming exercise period but for deployments in the future. standards prior to supporting the BG Switching targets from HADR to through the CATA and HAMEL series, CATA was enabled by the rear details and RHQ exercising command and team, particularly elements of 25 Spt control (C2) processes. Sqn who conducted further work to The impact of Tropical Cyclone enhance the deception and targetry Marcia in the area concepts from 2014. Execution of the added additional complexity to this cunning Brigade plan was enabled by period, but provided some excellent 16 CE Sqn, supported by elements training outcomes. In three days the of 18 CE Sqn and 25 Spt Sqn, who majority of the Regt had redeployed provided intimate combat engineer support to BG Eagle (2 Cav Regt) and arrived in Rockhampton to provide BG Faithful (3 RAR). In many ways the HADR support to the communities of CATA presented as a dress rehearsal for our subsequent involvement as A key outcome of the exercise was OPFOR on HAMEL. The Bde and Regt to develop a model for engineer Following three weeks supporting C2 structures would carry through into OPFOR and umpire engagement the locals in central , the HAMEL, and the lessons captured which would maximise training last elements arrived in Townsville as in deception and targetry were Tropical Cyclone Pam was devastating incorporated into deception measures. thus allowing the conduct of tasks areas of Vanuatu. Within 48 hours rather than umpire imposed ‘time the Regt had deployed an advance HAMEL provided an opportunity soaks’ experienced in the past. party to Port Vila, with an engineer to conduct support to defensive heavy task group, based on 3 CER, operations against 7 Bde to support For 25 Spt Sqn, there was no respite following the conclusion of Hamel, later. For the next month the Regt culmination of their Readying Phase. as they prepared to deploy to Papua provided HADR support in the Tafea 18 CE Sqn, supported by 16 CE Province, working closely with local Sqn and 25 Spt Sqn, conducted a Conducted at Taurama Barracks, 25 authorities, the French Military and range of engineer and secondary Spt Sqn, enabled by elements across numerous NGO to address the critical role tasks (including an air mobile Army and RAAF, and contingents from needs of the people, including critical insertion to secure an urban centre) the , USMC and US Navy, infrastructure repair and assessment, demonstrating the versatility of the conducted a range of construction and ground delivery of over 100t of HA CER in contemporary operations. training team activities with their hosts Australian Sapper – 2015 35

Above. from 1 RPIR and counterparts from the and commitments for the Regt into making friends with locals in Vanuatu PNGDF Engineer Battalion. amphibious development with the training environments. The challenge workup of HMAS ADELAIDE and Parallel to much of the Regt’s of supporting the Reinforced Combat increased exercises with the US. activities has been the evolution of Brigades with existing CER structures the amphibious capability with the A cornerstone of the Regt’s will continue to present quandaries land force centred on 2 RAR. The achievements in 2015 has been for support and drive the high tempo engineers of 21 Tp have provided the men and women of OSS, who common across the Corps. outstanding support to the ARE LF have continued to demonstrate the As 3 Bde has moved into the unfamiliar during the HMAS CANBERRA work critical requirement for robust CSS aspect of the Reset Phase we continue up and through the Sea Series of in the CERs. Often undermanned to work closely with our manoeuvre exercises, culminating in the CTC and always in high demand, units and fellow Engineer Regiments to delivered Sea Raider. In addition OSS has been instrumental in evolve our procedures and capabilities to 21 Tp, elements from ER Tp our successes on HADR tasks, for the opportunities ahead. My backed up aviation support tasks at exercises and in barracks. Oakey and on CATA and Hamel with congratulations and thanks to all commitments of AER dets to all Sea 2015 has provided the Regt with members of the Regt and their families Series exercises. 2016 is expected opportunities across the spectrum for their commitment, hard work and to provide increased opportunities of engineer tasks in both live and achievements this year. 36 Australian Sapper – 2015

[ Sapper SITREP ]

5th Engineer Regiment Edited by MAJ Mark Willetts

The regiment has completed its In June the Sqn deployed on Ex second year on the ORBAT and welcomed a new CO and RSM this conducted vehicle escort tasks for year, LTCOL Andrew Johnson and the BMA in support of BG Waratah’s WO1 Mark Grigg. To celebrate, we tasking. During the exercise one of the moved the Holsworthy elements troops was attached to 2CER for an into new facilities and should be FSB task. Ex Diamond Strike was the bidding a fond farewell to the last pinnacle of the training for the CE Sqn vestige of the once sprawling and, with a solid commitment from Penrith engr stores depot when 5 members both at 5 and 8 ER, the BG Sqn moves into renovated digs at Waratah construct was a success. Orchard Hills in the new year and 4 Sqn, in Canberra, provided the bulk the Penrith depot completes its of personnel for BG Waratah with transformation into a housing estate. non-BGW members continuing with The Litorral and Riverine Support individual training. CAPT May and Squadron moves on in January WO2 Hepburn ran a well-attended 2016 and becomes a part of SME W1 course with participants from although they will remain with in the across the 5 Bde. SPR Mayo and 5 ER lines. We wish them all well. Murphy were selected for Transit As part of Plan Beersheba 5 and Security Element Rotation 79, part 8 Bde are tasked with supplying a of Op RESOLUTE out of Darwin. reserve battlegroup (BG Waratah) to PTE Burns was awarded a Soldiers 7 Bde. As part of this capability there Medallion and two employers received is a Combat Engineer (CE) Sqn that is Defence Reserve Support Council shared between 5 and 8 ER. This year awards. MAJ Ovari’s 5 year tenure as while 8 Bde had the lead 5 ER led the OC draws to a close and we wish him that under Plan Beersheba the CE This year 5 CE Sqn went from good Sqn was deployed on Ex DIAMOND to better. As part of the rebuilding of the Sqn for Beersheba the manning HQ and two CE Tp. We hope to add a has increased in numbers from 42 composite Const Tp next time. to 89 prior to the plan. Personnel participated in BG Waratah and lead up to Ex Diamond Strike the Sqn trained with BG Waratah on the RAE in the future as we train the next group of combat engineers. Singleton. Additional JNCO, SNCO More than 10 soldiers were promoted to JNCO which will increase the sappers developed the abilities and Sqn’s future capability to support TTP for operating in a combined additional taskings. Cpl Fallon arms environment. The sappers was awarded the RAE Sapper of worked alongside the other corps as Above. well as conducting route clearance Corps in the ARes and LCPL Amri participating in the St Marys and search based activities. was awarded the Sapper Award Australian Sapper – 2015 37

from the RAE Association for his course where nine pers gained new skills sets proved challenging and dedication to the training of soldiers. codes with others familiarised on valuable support was received from new versions of plant equipment. AHQ, FEB and RHQ to ensure that 101 Const Sqn had a very successful Also during the year, long standing year, participating in numerous member of the sqn, CPL Joe Zivkovic capability was met. While LRSS exercises and support activities. As was awarded the Federation Star will administratively move from 2 part of Ex SCORPION ROUTE we for 40 years of service and was also conducted range and facility upgrades DIV (5 ER) to HQ-CATC (SME) in awarded the Jonathan Church award. to the Majura training area and in Ex the new year the LRSS will remain SCORPION REDUX we constructed 2015 has been an interesting year in its new purpose built facilities memorials in Holsworthy barracks. for members of the LRSS with in the 5 ER buildings. This move The Sqn deployed numerous addressing capability gaps being is intended to assist with the personnel to BGW tasks, AACAP, Ex paramount. Ensuring that vessels development of littoral and riverine HAMEL, DAMCON and internationally and equipment were available for geospatial intelligence knowledge members to maintain their unique and skills within the ARA. 38 Australian Sapper – 2015

[ Sapper SITREP ]

6th Engineer Support Regiment Edited by CAPT Chris McCullough

6 ESR has had another busy and buildings. Large scale demolitions works across ADF camps under productive year providing support and re-building of structures (in some scorching conditions, to operational deployments, major cases, from the ground up) were regularly exceeding 50°C. exercises, international engagements, conducted in order to make buildings 20 Explosive Ordnance remote aboriginal communities, safe for use. This allowed more Disposal Squadron natural-disaster ravaged islands, and children in the area to gain precious With the cessation of commitments building range facilities. Here are school education. to Op SLIPPER, 20 EOD SQN some of the highlights… has switched its focus back to the 17 Construction Squadron deployed to Vanuatu on OP PACIFIC basics of Foundation War Fighting A task highlight for 17 Const ASSIST following the aftermath of in support of the Combat Brigade Sqn was the construction of the Tropical Cyclone (TC) PAM. The one and Amphibious Ready Element Explosive Hazard Training Area month deployment saw a Works (ARE). In 2015, all elements in at Holsworthy, a facility utilised Team undertake reconnaissance, the Sqn have either been ‘Ready’ to train the specialist skills of reconstruction tasks and damage or ‘Readying’ participating in assessment of sixteen schools and the 7 CB RBG exercises, CATA and Ex TS 15, as well as the and disposal. Six hundred metres ARE Sea Series of exercises. of unsealed road development and led to the refurbishing of the surgical excavation through a sandstone wing and maternity ward of the shelf of 2.4 metres provided training has branched out to include sappers with new challenges and of a number of school buildings. Queensland Police interaction, Fire opportunities to develop skills. and HAZMAT training, and over 40 Finally, rounding out the year for Explosive Hazard Awareness Training 17 Const Sqn contributed a team 17 Const Sqn is its contribution to courses across Australia. of soldiers to the international Ex 2015 in a Camp Maintenance Team (CMT). Internationally, 20 EOD Sqn has Bougainville, PNG, leading to the The CMT’s main focus has been on supported the Counter IED Task renovation and construction of school upgrading the electrical and plumbing Force in training serials with the Australian Sapper – 2015 39

Above. Holsworthy Range; Opposite.

Royal Thailand Military and Thai 21 Construction Squadron frequent torrential rain which often Police in Hu Hin, Thailand; this has 21 Const Sqn’s primary goal has delayed the project. allowed information sharing and been the conduct of the Army Operational Support Squadron cross-jurisdictional assessment at Aboriginal Community Assistance The Sqn’s primary focus has been the strategic level. Additionally, Ex Program (AACAP). This large scale support to AACAP, the down scale ARDENT DEFENDER in Victoria, project was preceded by other of equipment prior to the move to Canada (international counter- lead-up construction projects which Amberley in 2017 and the support terrorism exercise), Ex ANZAC helped prime the Sqn for AACAP, to 6 ESR’s Mission Essential EXCHANGE with a NZ EOD SQN, namely the rebuilding of the Assault Equipment List (MEEL). Grenade Range (AGR) at Canungra. (Read about AACAP on page 25 of have been reciprocal exchanges OSS have deployed members on Australian Sapper) garnishing great outcomes, namely Op HIGHROAD and ACCORDION the creating of greater interoperability The construction of the AGR over throughout 2015, as well as deploying and stronger relationships. nine months developed skills in one member on Op PACIFIC ASSIST concreting and block work for civil in Vanuatu to assist in the international The Sqn continues to go from construction. The ground level strength to strength, evolving to of the AGR was raised by 10m meet the needs of the modern battle from the lowest point and the In 2016, 6 ESR will deploy 17 Const space. As history has highlighted, impact area was increased in size Sqn to Laura in far north QLD for Explosive Hazards (EH) will remain to accommodate throwing bays, AACAP, while 21 Const Sqn and the an enduring feature across many ammunition bays and waiting bays. Ready EOD Troop will deploy on 1 lines of operations. Strong vigilance 21 Const Sqn had to demolish pre- Cbt Bde’s ‘Road to HAMEL’ series existing facilities before developing of exercises. The construction of to emerging EH threats across the remainder of the AGR; this facilities for the relocation of 6 ESR the world in conventional and incorporated the use of explosive (South) from Holsworthy to Amberley asymmetric areas. Stay safe, train means to reduce the hillside to will continue, with occupation hard and softly tread the brave. the required design, all this with expected in January 2017. 40 Australian Sapper – 2015

[ Sapper SITREP ]

Above. 8ER personnel had an 8th Engineer Regiment LT Josh Barkley

8ER farewelled LTCOL Andrew dislocated units provided some with our South East Asian allies coordination challenges for both 5 the end of 2014, we thank him for and 8 ER operation teams. This was a and again BG W will provide the his leadership and dedication over successful activity however as the BG ARES soldiers an opportunity to this period. LTCOL Adrian Harding W, Engineer SQN was proved during participate in a Foundation War marched in from HQ 8 Bde and the both the lead up to the POLYGON busy year for the RHQ, but I’m 2015 has provided a number of new responsible for a variety of activities in acquit themselves well once again. support of the designated Rear Area Regiments participation in Battle Finally, we farewell our RSM, WO1 Security Operations (RASO) role. Group Waratah (BG W) and the Glen Donaldson: we thank him for his meeting of obligations to 7 Bde and While BG W has been the priority energy and dedication. 2 CER during the ‘Ready’ phase, in 2015, there have also been balanced against regular Regimental obligations to maintain core skills Collective Training and achieving tasks and the collective training CMETLS assigned by the Force Engineering Branch. The RHQ has worked hard the Operations Team, and Squadron 14 Squadron will be marking its 100th anniversary in 2016. As such the 14th Field Squadron Association commitments were achieved. ensuring that 8 ER has met its will be releasing a book and holding obligations in 2015. The Operations Team were heavily a celebratory function. For more involved in the generation of our As we look forward to 2016, soldiers information regarding the book and function, please feel free to contact commitment to BG W with 5 ER. The of 8 ER will have the opportunity to Mick McCardle: constitution of a Reserve Engineer participate in the Transit Security [email protected] Squadron from two geographically Element on Op RESOLUTE, exercise Australian Sapper – 2015 41

11th Engineer Regiment MAJ Stuart Brown

11 Engineer Regiment (11ER) is now in its second year of operation as the intimate engineer support regiment to 11 Brigade. Aside from 104 Construction Squadron, 11 and 35 Combat Engineer Squadrons (CES), the regiment recently assumed command of 11 Tactical Support Team (TST) (CIMIC). 2015 also saw WO1 Andy Stokey joining the regiment as the RSM.

‘Ready year’ from supporting 3 Bde Above. as well as dismounting the Tactical Support Element (TSE) 76 from Operation Sovereign Borders. 2015 has allowed members to undertake for recovery operations. Their training on individual courses and personnel on the Lucas saw mill and efforts proved pivotal in providing in service chain saws. This training the much needed assistance to was fortuitous when members of 3 CE the local population of Vanuatu. 104 Const Sqn conducted self help Troop based in Rockhampton sprang Sappers from 11 ER recently won work at their future location in Ipswich. to action in providing immediate the inaugural 11 Brigade ‘Cannan The completion of renovations to support to the civil community as Cup’. The Cannan Cup is an All the facilities will see a majority of the a result of Tropical Cyclone (TC) Corps Military Skills Competition run squadron relocate from Greenbank Marcia on 20 Feb. An Emergency for all 11 Brigade units in a variety The relocation to Ipswich also places Support Force (ESF) from the local of all corps skills over a two day the Squadron closer to 6 ESR. Reserves personnel formed to assist period comprising day and night To date 11 CES has conducted challenges set to test the skill levels elements of 3 CER arrived to assist. challenging training in honing heavy of the competitors. The Sapper weapons skills at Wide Bay on Ex 11 CIMIC TST has been extremely section won out over teams from busy in providing imitate civil 9RQR, 25/49 RQR, QUR and 11 to operate heavy weapons such as military operations support to HQ 3 CSSB. COMD 11 Brigade, Brigadier the 84mm MDFSW. A rewarding Brigade on a number of exercises Bill Date, himself a Sapper, later presented Commander’s coins to opportunity saw members of 11 including Ex TALISMAN SABRE. each member of the section for CES participating in mutual support Most notably though was when their win. The section is now in training with 9 RQR by demonstrating members of the TST provided earnest planning in preparation obstacle breaching procedures on extremely short notice intimate to defend the cup for 2016. support to HQ 3 Bde when they CES staging water borne activities deployed as part of Operation Overall this year has been extremely by practising maritime patrols in PACIFIC ASSIST to Vanuatu as busy for all elements of the Moreton Bay. The squadron has a result of TC PAM striking the regiment but has placed us in a also conducted PMV training with region in March. The TST members good position to effect our main 11 CSSB on Exercise assisted in providing the critical effort for providing a composite 3. Overall it has been a very busy liaison links between the Australian Engineer squadron for support but fruitful year for 11 CES. task force and local civil agencies to 3 CER on Ex HAMEL 17. 42 Australian Sapper – 2015

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19th Chief Engineer Works Edited by MAJ Leigh Dalman

Although demand for design and force protection requirements of any CE Works acted both on behalf of the project management services has operational contingency. Commonwealth and as the Project reduced in Afghanistan, ongoing Manager / Contract Administrator operations in the Middle East continue (PM/CA), a role usually contracted to require infrastructure support. Project highlights out by DSRG. This method of delivery Meanwhile, closer to home, demand Throughout 2014 and 2015, 12 Works has assisted in this component of continues to grow. Section has been supporting CA’s Plan Beersheba being delivered in Plan Beersheba through infrastructure record time, with minimal Project 19th Chief Engineer Works (19 CE delivery in support of 2nd Cavalry Management costs. Works) has increased it’s involvement Regiment’s relocation from Darwin in delivery of capital facilities on Army Aboriginal Community to Townsville. CAPT Andrew Hansell, bases within Australia and in support Assistance Program (AACAP) WO1 Dave Grope, WO1 Richard of our regional partners. Combined The Army Aboriginal Community Jones, WO2 Chris Jones and SGT with continued support to the Army Assistance Program (AACAP) Stephen Davis deployed to Lavarack Aboriginal Community Assistance Barracks for the delivery of the project represents a large part of 19 CE Program (AACAP), Force Protection from November 2014 to August Works’ project load and this year Engineering and specialist design 2015, delivering new and refurbished all Works Sections (and HQ) have support, the unit has had another barracks infrastructure including been involved in either the inception, busy year, the highlights of which are development, delivery or closure outlined below. This ‘full plate’ of client sleeping accommodation, Q-Stores, of one of the four open AACAP demands continues to contribute to warehousing and a hazardous goods projects (AACAPs 2014–2017). A the maintenance of high readiness store. The project is unique in that the partnership between the Department capabilities within the unit to enable delivery model constituted a “hybrid” of Prime Minister and Cabinet, and the sustainment infrastructure and DSRG–CFI delivery model where 19 Army, 19 CE Works manages the Australian Sapper – 2015 43

delivery of approximately $6 million of May and will remain until November to of projects has seen the closure of infrastructure in a remote Aboriginal manage the ongoing work performed married-quarter refurbishment works Community every year. by civilian contractor. at Igam Barracks and Manus Island, and the continued refurbishment This year, AACAP 2015 is being Next year, AACAP 2016 will be of married quarters in Taurama delivered in Titjikala, 110 km south of delivered in Laura, QLD, approximately Barracks. In July 2015, construction Alice Springs. CAPT Greg Stannard, 200 km west of Cooktown. The commenced on Phase 5 of HALIVIM LT Jarrod Johnson, WO2 Leeroy proposed works include a Wastewater POROMAN, with refurbishments to Wyness, WO2 Mark Chirita, WO2 Rod Disposal System, a multipurpose the wet areas of one hundred houses Smith and WO2 Nicola Fierinck have community facility, upgrade works to at the Goldie River Training Depot. been busy overseeing the delivery of the Community basketball court and The on-site management of three a Wastewater Treatment System that nearly 1000m of footpath. Planning separate contractors was conducted will replace the Community’s septic and design continues with the 90% primarily by WO2 Hunt, with WO2 systems, two duplex houses, a set of Design report being released by 19 CE Craig Fairweather and SGT Stephen change rooms at the AFL oval and an Works in October and construction Davis also conducting a rotation each, upgrade to the existing shed used for scheduled to commence in May 2016. and SGT Cameron providing project a variety of trade training delivered to administrative support from . the Community members. The inception of a new series of 21 Construction Squadron have been delivered at Toomelah and Boggabilla, projects to support the PNGDF has onsite throughout 2015 and have located south of Goodiwindi. The been responsible for construction of scoping study has been conducted HALIVIM POROMAN project series. all works with the exception of the and the scope of works is being In August 2015, LTCOL Matt Quinn, Wastewater Treatment System, where developed for detailed planning and MAJ Scott Davis, CAPT Tim Napper they are building the treatment ponds design in 2016. and WO2 Rod Smith conducted while a civilian contractor is laying the a scoping tour of Moem Barracks Defence Cooperation Program – sewer, pump station and rising main. in Wewak, PNG, and investigated 19 CE Works arrived in Titjikala on 11 the possibility of constructing three The Defence Cooperation Program multi-storey, one-hundred-man single has ensured a busy year for 11 live-in accommodation blocks. This Left. Works Section’s CAPT Tim Napper, project will likely ensure an exciting, Below. WO2 Bryan Hunt and SGT Stu but busy, 2016 with some excellent Cameron. Management of the PNG opportunities for both 19 CE Works near Port Moresby, PNG based HALIVIM POROMAN series and the PNGDF. 44 Australian Sapper – 2015

Helicopter Insertion Extraction Assess blast and ballistic Training Towers protection and safety distances Insertion and Extraction of new and existing infrastructure Training towers for 3Bde, 7Bde and for enhanced training facilities to Support consequence 1Bde, and PNG Defence Cooperation management through FPE Program (DCP) projects. Support 12 Works Section were tasked to analysis to mitigate damage, deliver Helicopter Insertion Extraction foundation designs, and technical Training (HIET) towers across Australia. by catastrophes, disasters, or and process support to 23 SPT Uniquely, this project included the hostile actions structural design of the towers being exercise, Ex Warthog Build. Collaborate within a Joint conducted internally by 19 CE Works. Interagency, Intergovernmental, Any reservists interested in MAJ Angus Johnson, CAPT Andrew Multinational (JIIM) environment to contributing to the team at 19 CE Oxlade and WO1 Pete Gardiner have share and develop best practices. Works, either parading at Randwick or been developing this project since remotely are encouraged to contact it commenced in November 2014 The unit has developed and acquired the unit. with feasibility and scoping, and has progressed rapidly through the design structural vulnerability and casualty Construction Project development phase. The HIET project estimates. These tools, some Management System will deliver facilities to support Army’s previously only held at DSTO, are Since 1999, 19 CE Works and airborne roping and rappelling capability now available to Project Management 17th Construction Squadron have in each of the Combat Bridge locations. Teams who deploy on operations. maintained their own externally As required for airmobile operations, accredited quality management Army Reserve & deployable design HIET facilities will enable Combat systems for the provision of project capability Brigade personnel to train and qualify management and construction In 2015, Major Angus Johnson took in roping techniques used to insert into services to Army, respectively. In command of 201 Works Section. and extract from an area of operations mid-2014, it was decided to integrate by rotary wing aircraft. the two systems to create the ADF section supports and enables the Construction Project Management Unit’s internal deployable design System (CPMS), resulting in a system capability in the areas of Civil and Capabilities that was suitable for use by all ADF Structural Engineering Design and Force Protection Engineering engineering units when undertaking Force Protection Engineering (FPE) construction projects. ‘For Construction’ documentation. is a key contributor to 19 CE Works’ The section comprises of Engineering In the context of infrastructure project mission to provide infrastructure delivery, the CPMS ensures that there support to deployed forces. Force Supervisors, including members are repeatable processes that guide Project Engineering specialists at 19 based in Darwin, Melbourne the inception, development, design CE Works have been diligently working and Sydney. Members comprise and delivery of works. This provides towards developing the capability to Registered Chartered Professional ensure it remains relevant within the Engineers, including two Fellows of the Institution of Engineers Australia, purpose, safe and environmentally As part of the Force Protection and a Registered Design Architect. A sustainable; and ensures that Army Engineering Capability, 19 CE Works blend of ARES and ex-ARA members meets all relevant statutory and is particularly focused on establishing provides a diverse range of experience, regulatory requirements. the tools and processes to support perspectives, depth and . The CPMS is maintained on the 19th the following FPE outcomes: Over the last twelve months, the Chief Engineer Works Sharepoint site Plan, design, construct and section has provided reconnaissance and is available for use by all units. maintain infrastructure and Application of the system can be facilities to include appropriate services to both 19 CE Works and blast and ballistic protection external clients. Major projects regardless of their size or complexity. Australian Sapper – 2015 45

Below. Helicopter Insertion Extraction Training (HIET) Tower Concept Design

46 Australian Sapper – 2015

[ Sapper SITREP ]

22nd Engineer Regiment LTCOL Michelle McCormack

The 2015 year has been fast-paced Course. Through the dedication 22ER had one of the larger unit and rewarding for 22nd Engineer of a motivated team of both ARA formations of the . Regiment (22 ER) in its second and ARES soldiers, we were able to 22ER trained in a number of its year of formation. The year has successfully conduct these courses horizontal and vertical construction provided an opportunity to build as non-continuous and in-house. Mission Essential Tasks (METs) on the strength of the culture and As the most critical resource for an on Ex PLATYPUS CONSTRUCTS the capabilities of the two former ARES unit is time, this strategy was at over the period Regiments to ensure that 22 ER, 16-25 Oct 15. The exercise was under PLAN BEERSHEBA is best- planned and conducted by 105th equipped to provide the capability whilst minimising the disruption to our Construction Squadron (105 Const that is demanded of it as it heads soldiers’ time away from their families towards Ex HAMEL 16 and beyond. and their civilian employments. This tasks included further development Under Plan BEERSHEBA, and the enabled them to be more available of the 22 ER Compound through 4th/9th Brigades pairing, 22ER and for collective training as we head construction of an additional Adelaide’s 3rd Field Squadron (3 towards HAMEL and beyond. training shed and retaining wall. Fd Sqn) are providing the Active On the Puckapunyal Range Some of the key training activities Reserve’s (ARES) Engineer Squadron the plant operators and drivers and achievements for 2015 have constructed 359m of unsealed that supports the 1 Bde. Although included mobility, counter-mobility and we train with and maintain habitual single lane road over the abandoned relationships with the 4th/9th number of ceremonial activities as Walkers Track, whilst winning Brigade’s ARES Battle Group, we part of the Centenary of . materials from local quarries. are training to provide capability for Concurrent to the construction the 1CER. To date, this is proving In May, 22ER deployed a SQN(-), training conducted by 105 Const to be a productive relationship with along with a Troop from 3 Fd Sqn, Sqn, the ‘win resources’ MET opportunities for cross-training, to Cultana to participate in the 4/9 was further practised through development and support across Bdes’ CATA, Ex COURTNEY’S a section of Combat Engineers all three engineer units, including POST. This activity was aimed at successfully passing the Portable 22ER members supporting a Platoon level in a combined arms Sawmill course, and more Combat number of 1CER and 1 Bde’s environment and focusing on Engineers practising their felling training activities and exercises. mobility and survivability tasks. skills on a number of trees in the In the year of the Centenary of area. The Squadron operated in further develop the combat engineer World War I, 22ER supported many a tactical environment, practising and construction capabilities of the community activities throughout essential all-corps soldier skills 22ER as we entered the Readying Melbourne and the Latrobe Valley through the use of harbours, year, whilst providing increased in the lead-up to and on ANZAC tactical road movement and opportunities for combined arms Day itself. Notably, the unit held practise of 5 and 25 drills. training across 4 and 9 Bdes. its Dawn Service at Oakleigh Barracks and later that morning, Over the same period, two Combat 22ER marched in the parade Engineer Troops from 22ER and 3 individual training. At the beginning through the City of Melbourne. Fd Sqn respectively participated of the year, the unit had an urgent This was a great opportunity for need for a number of its soldiers many of the young Sappers to be involved in such an event, with and practised them on the Phase 1 Course and the Subject 4 Reserve members committing Section weapons systems. Also CPL Combat Engineer Advanced their time to such an extent that during this time was Ex CHONG Australian Sapper – 2015 47

This was an excellent opportunity Above. Operation of the demonstration with RAAF support. for those soldiers involved to gain Ex CHONG JU showcases the full a greater understanding of how the spectrum of Army’s capability from Abrams tanks, Javelin surface- The remainder of the year was to-air missiles and ARH (Armed conducted at a lower tempo than Reconnaissance Helicopter). the preceding 11 months, with the 22 ER provided support to the weekend being a DACC call-out Exercise by providing a section of engineers for the combined arms breach demonstration and battle followed by end of year activities to noise simulation (BNS) of a MICLIC acknowledge the hard work of the Sappers and to thank their families for allow mobility for the combat team. their continued support. 48 Australian Sapper – 2015

[ Sapper SITREP ]

1st Topographic Support Squadron LT Stephan Bojczenko

In what has appeared to be somewhat detached from 1 TSS for additional Ex TALISMAN SABRE (HAMEL) of a norm for the 1st Topographical support during exercises and Ex SEA HORIZON Survey Squadron (1 TSS), 2015 has operations. The Detachments provide Ex SEA EXPLORER been a busy and challenging period deployable geospatial support directly which saw the majority of the Squadron to commanders. Ex SEA RAIDER; and deployed on operations or in support Ex PREDATORS RUN Geospatial Imagery Analysis (GIA). GIA of Army exercises. It became quite detachments consist of geospatial the common occurrence throughout As always Exercises Talisman Sabre technicians and intelligence analysts, the year to have less than half of the and Hamel saw the deployment both trained in GIA in addition to their Squadron parade due to operational of large numbers of geospatial core trade skills. The Detachments and exercise taskings, a testament analyse and exploit imagery from a to the hard work of our analysts and forces directly attached to every level wide variety of platforms including technicians that no doubt validates the of Headquarters from Platoon level highly sought after nature of their work. through to the DJFHQ/US Corps HQ. wing reconnaissance assets. After moving under the command The Squadron has been similarly busy Data Management. A very wide of the 1st Intelligence Battalion (1 Int with Operational requirements, having variety of geospatial and imagery data Bn) in 2014, 1 TSS has continued individuals deployed on, or in support of: sources (military and civil) are available to provide Geospatial Information for analysis in any battlespace. Small and Geospatial Intelligence support detachments of data management to many units across Army and the Op ASLAN, and teams verify, sort and collate ADF. It possesses strong links with Op HIGHROAD information so that GEOINT and GIA the All Source Cell (ASC) capability Detachments can access timely, The ongoing development of the provided by 3 Coy, 1 Int Bn, and accurate and relevant information. Squadrons ICE capability has seen embeds a number of personnel considerable results. Between the within the ASC throughout the year to Imagery Capture and Exploitation months of January and June of this support operations and training. The (ICE). Army operates the new ADS80 year, the 1 TSS’ ICE capability has Sqn continues to provide geospatial collected and delivered approximately support to a wide range of units across BA350 aircraft to collect very high 21,954km2 of imagery, with a the Army, and a detailed description quality multispectral imagery. This commercial worth of between $548, of its roles and responsibilities can be imagery is used for creating mapping 850 and $1,646,550, dependant on the found in the 2014 edition of Australian products, imagery analysis and as the image quality required by the customer. Sapper. base image layer for a number of ADF Command and Control systems. What’s new. As means of a recap from previous Throughout the past year, in addition editions, 1 TSS delivers the following The year that was. to supporting numerous operations capabilities in support of operations 1 TSS hasn’t had many periods and exercises, both internal and and exercises: within the past year that allowed for relaxation, with deployments in external to 1st Intelligence Battalion, Geospatial Intelligence (GEOINT). support of the following exercises: the wider Defence Force and the GEOINT Detachments are the most geospatial community, 1 TSS has widely deployed asset and comprise Ex BLUE DIAMOND taken leaps and bounds forward in the bulk of Army’s personnel and Ex VILIGANT SCIMITAR capability development. Primarily equipment. Some are permanently from 1 TSS’ Geospatial Intelligence Ex PHEONIX FINISHER 2 attached to Intelligence cells (such (GEOINT) capability, the Squadron has as within Brigade and Divisional Ex NEOVISION trialled the use of change detection, Headquarters) and others are thermal analysis and vegetation Australian Sapper – 2015 49

analysis technology with considerable , South Australia (including the success. In the realm of Image extension of the Cultana Training Collection and Exploitation (ICE), the Vegetation Index, the technology Area), Rockhampton, vast amounts Squadron has successfully trialled is commonly used in the civilian of Northern New South Whales and and now utilizes the new ADS80 geospatial industry. It relies on South East Queensland, including sensor for all taskings. Geospatial Enoggera, Amberley, Oakey, Canungra, Image Analysis’ support to Australian Brisbane and the Gold Coast. Army Aviation has delved into a new in the red and near-infrared working relationship, fostering and bands placed in comparison to In a new move 2015 saw 1 TSS exploring support options previously unhealthy vegetation, soil water, provide dedicated Imagery Analysis un-trialled in the Australian Army. and other features support to the Online Aviation By way of ‘new’ capabilities, The Support to exploitation activities Battle Group (BG GRIFFIN) during Squadrons GEOINT capability – On Ex Hamel a GEOINT Det Ex VILIGANT SCIMITAR 15, and has taken considerable steps deployed with the Primary subsequently during CATA and forward in order to better support Exploitation Centre for the Ex TALISMAN SABRE 15 in order Army and Commanders planning to establish and trial a working processes by investing in: relationship and to gauge the level amounts of location data of support that GIA could provide Change detection - This is stored in captured equipment. an aviation battle group. 1 TSS’ the process of comparing two The presence of GPS logs Imagery Analysis capability was images and identifying what in many personal electronic has changed. As the process devices provides many able to provide BG GRIFFIN with is automated, this technique opportunities for the collection is able to be conducted over of valuable information and and assessments, battle damage a large geographical area in intelligence during foundation assessments and terrain analysis. a relatively short period of Looking to the future, 1 TSS imagery time. Utilising Multispectral analysis has the ability to assess 1 TSS’ ICE capability has taken imagery, that is imagery that vehicle hide locations and assess collects visible light as well yet another leap forward with the areas capable of placing , in as infra-red we are able to updating of technologies, which now addition to specialist assessments analyse these changes and sees ICE utilizing the ADS80 camera on ARH captured imagery, such as assess what the likely nature and sensors. Still requiring a team equipment recognition, force strength of the change is. and disposition analysis. Thermal Analysis - The process aircraft over defence training areas, utilized in this analysis takes the Conclusion. establishments and other areas of raw data from satellite imagery interest. This new technology allows The year that was 2015 set a that captures thermal bands and for our assets to capture imagery of new benchmark for endeavours converts it to the selected areas with a resolution of within 1 TSS. It has established on the ground. Utilising this up to 25mm pixel sizes, allowing for new capabilities and techniques, method, technicians are able to highly accurate elevation models and implemented new equipment and assess the temperature on the multi-spectral imagery to be created trialled new working relationships. ground with an error variance of for analysis. This presents Army with The Squadron looks forward to the up to 2 degrees. Whilst gasses faster and directly tasked imagery New Year in anticipation of further such as smoke and vapour collection options than those degrade the accuracy, it is still developing and implementing presented by commercial imagery. possible to assess hot spots all of what has been established through the gasses and identify This new technology has seen missions this year in order to broaden the facilities and areas emitting capabilities and outcomes that varying degrees of heat. detail, across extensive terrain in 1 TSS can provide Army. 50 Australian Sapper – 2015

[ Sapper SITREP ]

3rd Field Squadron MAJ Sam Benveniste

Under Plan BEERSHEBA the South infantry, engineer, artillery and cavalry Australian 9th Bde and the Victorian sub-units are all integral to the Bn. 4th Bde are paired, and are to provide Ex EURORA was conducted within a Battle Group (BG) in support of 1 Bde the Edinburgh Defence Precinct, during which the Sqn conducted area 22 ER, providing a combined Engineer and occupied building search, as well Squadron which will provide support to as undertaking familiarisation with 1 CER in HAMEL 16 and beyond. PMVs provided by 7 RAR. In May this year the combined Jacka Engineer Sqn came together for the RIDGE resumed a focus on POST - a 9 day combined arms activity at Cultana. The South respectively. During the activities Australian and Victorian Sappers Sappers undertook defensive quickly formed a close relationship wiring tasks, IMT, and conducted and provided an invaluable resource an assault obstacle breach (the to the Battle Group, conducting route realism of which was enhanced search/clearance, counter-mobility by the generous use of BNS). support and defensive works. Mobility Support Troop has also had The combined Sqn came together a busy year with a range of activities again in October at Puckapuynal to and support tasks conducted, assisted by the receipt of an additional range package, as well as further grader and dozer to the plant yard. In May members of the Tp were able Between these large Brigade activities to support 1 CER’s Ex PREDATORS the Sqn has still been able to focus on combined arms training during number of anti-tank ditches and Plant works have also continued at the weekend exercises, as an advantage of obstacles at Cultana which were then Proof & Experimental Establishment our new Battalion (Bn) structure is that explosively breached by 9 Fd Sqn. on a number of pads on the range, as well as road remediation and other plant works. Finally MST members have also been able to work with 105 Sqn, 22 ER during Ex PLATYPUS CONSTRUCTS in Puckapunyal.

In addition to these training activities, the Sqn has had a very busy ceremonial year given the centenary of ANZAC and particularly the heritage of our parent infantry Bn (10th/27th Bn, The Royal South Australia Regiment). The 10th to land at Gallipoli, and the 27th Australian Sapper – 2015 51

deployed from Adelaide a few Seven current or former members Above. SPR Flett, Mobility of the Sqn attended the Sapper’s reports started arriving home. This Gallipoli Tour for the centenary during EX PREDATORS year the Sqn was well represented Waterloo Dinner, which was a very WALK at Cultana Training in the Bn’s ANZAC Day march, a special occasion of all present. parade to recognise the deployment Opposite. Members of Finally the Central Region Waterloo Mobility Support Troop, 3 of the 27th Bn, a march exercising Fd Sqn, conducting works the Bn’s right to the Freedom Dinner was also highly successful at the Proof & Experimental of Entry to the City of Adelaide this year, and we were delighted to welcome the Head of Corps to Centenary parade in Canberra. Adelaide to deliver his annual address.

Overall 2015 has been a very busy annual ‘Sappers Day’ event a year for 3 Fd Sqn, but this high tempo new extension to our Sapper’s is set to continue next year as the Memorial at Warradale Barracks was Sqn rapidly approaches ‘Ready’ and unveiled, allowing the placement Ex HAMEL 16. We look forward to of memorial plaques for former continuing work closely with 22 ER sappers from South Australia. and 1 CER in the future. 52 Australian Sapper – 2015

[ Sapper SITREP ]

Special Operations Engineer Regiment “between spears and enemies” MAJ J, MAJ G, CAPT A

The Special Operations Engineer Airborne Engineer Capability The year has also seen many Regiment (SOER) has once again (AEC). A Troop sized element with opportunities for A Squadron Sappers completed an unrelenting year of to get involved in International activities. In addition to ongoing assessment and repair coupled Engagement, the majority of which advise, assist and training support with enablers from wider Army and has been CBR focused with EOD to the Iraqi , the RAAF in support of 2 training and support, providing span of exercises ranging from Regiment on Exercise Talisman Sabre international partners with a taste of the North West Shelf across to SOER’s growing capabilities. regional South East Asian partners mission, SOER was able to clear 2016 will see the Squadron grow has provided an opportunity to obstacles, repair minor damage in its support to the west coast strengthen regional partnerships the runway and with support from as well as continued support to and begin to realise the potential of RAAF, open the APOD for a follow Operations. While the Squadron a growing SOF Global Network. on force from 23 Support Squadron, remains at a high tempo, it is 1st Combat Engineer Regiment. Looking abroad specialist ready and relevant to support capabilities have been reinforced This was just the beginning of SOER SOCOMD within any environment. through overseas training serials engineer support to Talisman Sabre and Excelsior. and reciprocal training provided to the Combined Force Special Operations Canadian, New Zealand and US Component Command (CFSOCC). A counterparts by SOER to enhance Troop based in Darwin with the main B SQN trades such as the CBRN Medic, force element were able to provide Exploitation Operator and Explosive mobility, survivability and exploitation “Facta non verba” Ordnance Technician. support to the SO elements, including In 2015 Bravo Squadron continued opportunities for airborne and air mobile to maintain a high tempo in ops. The Squadron HQ remained in the support of short notice domestic, into the unit’s activities through the Command HQ in Sydney in order to regional and international response prism of SOER’s two Engineer Sub provide the commander with targeting options. Bravo Squadron focused units, Alpha and Bravo Squadrons. and planning support. Talisman primarily on domestic counter- Sabre provided a great opportunity terrorism, countering chemical, A SQN for the Squadron to continue biological, radiological, nuclear and building and developing relationships explosive (CBRNE) threats and Airborne Engineers hic et ubique. in the wider SO community. technical support to operations. “No strong man is without weakness A Squadron also provided the Domestic Counter-Terrorism. This (and no weak man is without training and support to the SOER year saw Bravo Squadron continue to strengths); but a man of high reinforcement cycle course for 2015. provide support to the Tactical Assault character can be depended upon at In this they were able to take all ranks Group – East (TAG-E) for all Domestic all times” Edgar F Puryear Jr. and build their insertion, weapons, Counter Terrorism responsibilities. Bravo Squadron enabled TAG-E certainly maintained character with mobility, survivability and throughout 2015. While the Squadron highly capable men and women to specialist technical counter-CBRNE is always focused on support support SOER’s lines of operations. capabilities, whilst also providing to current operations, the key The majority of these Sappers support on behalf of SOCOMD to opportunity for the Squadron to shine State and Federal Jurisdictional was in the delivery of the SOCOMD operations in the near future. Agencies as required. The Squadron Australian Sapper – 2015 53

Above. engaged with other counter-terrorism Threats. In addition to standing Special Operation Forces regionally, counter-terrorism support, 2015 providing support to domestic as well as providing the Defence has seen the Squadron continue component of the International to develop advanced explosive required. Formalising deployable Capability Exercise in Canada. ordnance disposal support exploitation concepts has become During this exercise, Squadron for both onshore and offshore a key focal point throughout the personnel fully integrated within what operations. As a result, Squadron year, with major exercise support personnel have had numerous to 2 Commando Regiment, Special multi-agency team. The Squadron opportunities to conduct training Air Service Regiment and 1st continued to develop tactics and domestically and overseas, Intelligence Battalion missions. techniques as part of support including close engagement 2016 will see the Squadron continue to domestic response options, with Coalition Special Forces in to grow its capabilities and maintain including a very busy schedule of order to understand the unique the ‘No Fail’ mission in support of exercises supporting TAG-E and skill-sets and diverse response domestic counter-terrorism, whilst State and Federal Agencies. options our allies can offer. simultaneously providing technical Countering Chemical, Biological, Technical Support. This year SOER support to regional and international Radiological, Nuclear and Explosive has centralised key technical response options. 54 Australian Sapper – 2015

Personnel matters

Awards Member (AM) in the Military Division of the Order of S.McAlinden, L.Palfrey, S.Parmiter, A.Stokey, D.Woolfe. Australia Brigadier Wayne Budd Brigadier Darren Naumann G. Buckley, C.Chase, M.Ciszewski, J.Cleary, S.Davis, Colonel Timothy Bayliss D.Duckett, M.Everingham, C.Hanger, A.Humphreys, Awarded the Medal of the Order (OAM) in the Military G.Rowan, C.Rowe, J.Sargent, B.Scaroni, D.Simpson, R. Division Thomas O’Connor To Sergeant: Commendation for Distinguished Service A.Abraham, L.Archard, A.Atkins, A.Bachmann, B.Barling, Major Brent Maddock W.Booth, W.Bridges, C.Butler, C.Charlton, M.Chisholm, Conspicuous Service Cross (CSC) T.Chorley, A.Clarke, T.Cridge, A.Cronin, W.Davies, Matthew Gallagher Lieutenant Colonel Jennifer Harris Lieutenant Colonel Hugh Meggitt D.Maughan, R.Mouat, D.Murphy, S.Neate, T.O’Connor, Lieutenant Colonel Matthew Quinn S.Powell, A.Rankin, M.Reinman, A.Reynolds, S.Rowe, M.Ryan, P.Stagg, C.Stamp, D.Stamp, G.Stratis, RAE excellence in military engineering award M.Symmans, T.Taylor, T.Vallas, M.Vidot, T.Westkamp. The ARA excellence award (SPR): Sapper T.Anthony (6ESR) To Corporal: I.Ackroyd, S.Anderson, A.Bateman, S.Bennie, M.Bohan, The ARA excellence award (JNCO): R.Conlon, E.Cottell, J.Day, J.Dowling, J.Downing, J.Duncan-Watt, B.Eames, S.Eddleston, A.Errock, The ARes excellence award (SPR-JNCO): Corporal C. Fallon (5ER) Promotions D.Hosken, Z.Hurst, D.Jarrett, J.Jenkins, A.Jones, To Brigadier: D.McCulloch, T.McIntyre, D.McLeod, N.Moro, J.Myers, T.Baylis. D.Norris, B.Parson, D.Patterson, M.Peresson, E.Powell, D.Power, M.Radziszewski, L.Ramm, D.Ritchie, To Colonel: N.Robinson, A.Rowell, H.Sarmiento, J.Saunders, R. Sanders. S.Shotton, M.Snelders, M.Taylor, J.Thomas, B.Thomson, To Lieutenant Colonel: G.Tunstall, A.Turk, M.Watson, A.Watt, J.Weston, S.White, N.Bosio, L.Bush, P.Pembroke. C.Wilson, B.Wright.

To Major: To : No details received L.Albion, C.Amri, B.Andrews, C.Andrews, D.Appelhof, J.Armstrong, R.Armstrong, S.Bailey, N.Barker, C.Barnes, To Captain: L.Bayne, L.Beere, T.Blewitt, B.Blundell, P.Brown, No details received A.Brownlie, F.Bruce, S.Burke, L.Caldwell, M.Carrington, B.Chatillon, J.Claassen, N.Clayton, L.Conners, To Lieutenant: J.Coutts, J.Dugand, S.Eaton, C.Farbus, S.Farquhar, H.Mahood, H.Mcbain, T.Preston, I.Thompson, S.Tully, C.Chessman, J.Frahn, L.Gimpl, M.Lownds, J.Nicholson, J.Hayes, S.Henry, R.Hill, J.Hollenkamp, C.Houley, H.Severin, A.Shone, J.Skeggs, B.Walker. Australian Sapper – 2015 55

G.Lawson, M.Lewis, R.Lorenz, B.Lucas, T.Luck, C.Lang, B.Leyden, S.Lincoln, C.Lye, M.MacDonald, C.Macdonald, Z.Martin-Taylor, L.Maugueret, B.McDonald, C.MacLaughlin, J.McDarra, R.McLean, A.McLeod, B.McLean, S.Megarrity, J.Meredith, J.Merrett, M.Miller, S.McMillan, P.Monkley, A.Moroni, J.Moser, R.Muraru, T.Mondzheyovsky, A.Noble, E.O’Connell, L.Phillips, S.Murchie, S.Nabaa, V.Nguyen, J.Phelps, T.Potter, S.Powers, A.Rainbow, C.Rainbow, D.Ramsay, C.Ramsay-Matthews, J.Richards, D.Snigg, I.Stein, J.Robinson, L.Rogers, J.Rook, B.Ruttley, A.Sharma, C.Sutton, P.Taylor, M.Thomas, A.Thorncroft, M.Tozer, M.Sheehan, B.Smart, R.Summers, A.Sunderland, L.Tuddenham, W.Tully, C.Tuohey, A.Ussher-Clarke, D.Thorn, A.Tierney, L.Tisdell, C.Totton, D.Townsend- B.Walker, S.Wallace, C.Wells, R.White, J.White, A.White, Booth, L.Tran, R.Wade, B.Watson, S.Watson, C.White, R.Williams, D.Young.

Leaving the Regular Army : Sapper obituaries S.Day ‘Lest we forget’ Brigadier: P.Clay Serving In the RAE at the time Colonel: D.Rye

Lieutenant Colonel to Captain: Dave enlisted in the ARA 26 Jul 1972 No details received. and transferred to the Reserves in 15 Aug 2002, where he continued to serve. Lieutenant: He pass away on 15 Dec 2014. T.Pollet

Previously served in the RAE Mick’s association with the Corps spanned 55 years and those who knew him, loved him for Sergeant: his enthusiasm and friendship. He mentored generations of young Sappers and his work A.Schipanski. with the WA based Sappers association was inspirational. He passed away on 25 Oct 2015. Corporal: Jack served with the WA bases 13 Field Company Lance Corporal: and saw service in NT and New Britain. Jack was 101 R.Armand, L.Bayne, A.Clydsdale, A.Edwards, M.Maxwell, years 4 months and passed away on 9 March 2015. B.McDonald, D.Noble, A.Plumb, P.Ricker, D.Van De Wouw, T.Wertheim. Ian served in Vietnam with the Sapper: Headquarters, Australian Force Vietnam. J.Arthur, C.Baynes, H.Beazley, J.Bergin, T.Bresolin, He passed away on 15 March 2015. A.Butler, D.Campaniello, A.Carpenter, D.Casanova, B.Clarke, I.Collihole, T.Cooper, D.Corsbie, G.Costello, Steve Sheen. D.Crook, J.Dalton, L.Darcy, M.Dewar, W.Dugdell, Steve served with 22 Construction B.Earle, T.Einam, T.Elliott, M.Finucane, L.Fisher, J.Gale, 1966. He passed away on 26 May 15. 56 Australian Sapper – 2015

The Corps’ Museum Mr Sebastian Spencer

Three years of commitment, Several thousand visitors later, and they have engaged positively with dedication, passion and hard, we have proven to be a hit. The the museum and the vital nurturing of hard work culminated on the interpretative displays provide a esprit de corps and pride in service. 26 June 2015 when our new fascinating, educational insight of our Whilst the existing security level has rich history to our serving sappers and proven challenging for access by the the presence of Chief of Army. the general public. general public, we have been able MAJGEN Stephen Day DSC, AM The museum was an obvious location to establish protocols that allow as as our senior serving sapper, had for the 60 Minutes interview with many people as possible to visit. Our the honour of cutting the ribbon BRIG Budd on the involvement of website will be going live in the new our sappers at Gallipoli. The program alongside museum curator Sebastian year and this will allow us to provide generated many, many enquiries Spencer and a plaque recognising a virtual tour as well as highlights, about the museum and the collection the opening was unveiled. extensive collection. The museum opening followed the 100th commemoration of the landings at Anzac Cove in 1915. The year concluded with the AAHU was a chance for many sappers past conducting an introductory curatorial We hosted the pre-dinner drinks and present to see the new facilities. of the 100th Anniversary Waterloo across the Army Museum Network. Dinner giving the invited guests a We were also honoured to have The new facility was the logical place sneak preview of the facility before in attendance and BRIG GEN R. to host and we were also pleased to the opening. A notable highlight of Demosthenes C Santillan AFP, have CAPT Anthony Contreras MAC the evening was the rare display Vice Commander Philippine Army. of the Philippine Army join us for the of the original Waterloo Dinner BRIGGEN Santillan undertook course. Anthony remained for an menu which drew more than his engineering training at Steele additional two week internship which one gasp from those present. Barracks and had expressed a allowed us to further develop the desire to attend the opening events We have conducted numerous tours for principles and techniques that had when he visited us in 2014. IET’s, ROBC and other trainees of SME been taught on course. Australian Sapper – 2015 57

Clockwise from Left. were held in the main gallery of the museum; BRIG GEN Santillan, Philippine Army, with the museum’s curator, Sebastian Spencer; LTGEN Gillespie with Ian

A highlight for the course participants The growth of the collection is was being invited to the launch dependant on the contribution to it by current and former sappers and their book, hosted at the museum families. Our facilities are world’s best and with guest speaker LTGEN practice and we welcome and actively encourage sappers and members of current and former units to support us as we develop. sapper and subsequent career in de-mining operations around the world. Both Ian and LTGEN Gillespie spoke highly of the new museum The museum is open for ADF members and recognised the importance of Monday to Saturday, 08:00 – 16:00 and for the general public Tuesdays, capturing the information, records, Thursdays and Saturdays. artefacts and stories of the RAE. Visits by the public must be arranged If the SME is the ‘Home of the in advance and can be coordinated by Sapper’ the museum is the guardian contacting us on 02 8782 8822 or and custodian of its heart and soul. [email protected] 58 Australian Sapper – 2015

Engineers at Gallipoli – 1915 General Sir George Cooper GCB MC DL

The following article was published in the April, 1997 and August, 2015 editions of the Royal Engineers Journal. The article provides an overview of the activities of all sappers on the peninsula, not just the Australians. Australian Sapper has published it, in full, in this year’s magazine with permission from the Institution of Royal Engineers, to commemorate the Centenary of ANZAC. If you are interested in other publications by the Institute of Royal Engineers, their website is http://www.instre.org/

Introduction a division of Turkish soldiers on the Mudros but, though it was only When reading accounts of the Gallipoli Gallipoli peninsula, widely scattered, seven hours from Gallipoli, he campaign, one could be forgiven poorly equipped and poorly led and found it had no water supply, no for thinking that the only Services or it was somewhat naively thought in piers or jetties and an unsheltered Arms involved were the Navy and London that a naval expedition could harbour, hardly an auspicious place the Infantry. There is little about the bombard and take the peninsula, with from which to start. Furthermore, Gunners, hardly surprising perhaps Conalantinople as its objective. A Hamilton had left London without when one considers the shortage of ammunition, sometimes restricted to the Mediterranean but, by 18 and no Sappers. These followed a to two rounds per gun per day, and March 1915, the attempt to force the fortnight later but it was a drawback precious little about Sappers. Yet Dardanelles had failed. from which the force never really recovered. Astonishingly, though, Thus was set the scene for the land involved, so what were they all doing? the Allies landed on the Gallipoli campaign. The land campaign at Gallipoli Preparations For Land Operations only lasted nine months and was It was evident that Alexandria, over Though there were some people considered by many to have been a two days steaming away, would have in London who thought that the costly diversion from the main war to be the main base, initially at least, Dardanelles could be forced by sea alone, the War Council began to make to ignore the circumstances in which transports to go there. This turned out preparations for land operations and it took place. By the end of November to be fortuitous as, in the hurry to load 1914, little more than three months back in England, there had been no after the war had started, the Allies for War, agreed in principle on 16 coherent plan and every ship had to February to make available the 29th be unloaded and resorted. Even so, and the trenches stretched for 350 Division. He then dithered and did the reloading left much to be desired miles from the North Sea to the especially from the sapper point of Alps. The War Council had begun to March. Two days later, he appointed view and many essential stores were debate whether the impasse might General Sir Inn Hamilton to be the left in Egypt. Commander-in-Chief, the military In the meanwhile, the Turkish movement either through the Baltic force to include the 29th Division, the defences were improved out of all or through and the Balkans Royal Naval Division, units from the recognition, an example being at when, towards the end of the year, Indian Amy, the Australian and New Sedd el Bahr where on 25 February word came that the Russians were in Zealand divisions then in Egypt, and a a Naval party had been able to land French division. unopposed to demolish some guns, Turkey would not only threaten yet on 25 April, barely two months Constantinople but would also force Hamilton departed next day, with the Turks to withdraw forces in casualties. theCaucasus and thus help our Allies. Extraordinary as it may seem, It was known that there was barely expedition should be mounted from when Brigadier-General Roper was Australian Sapper – 2015 59

appointed as “Technical Adviser” to weather. A 500ft run of trestle bridging beyond Lemnos where cargoes would was also ordered and 20,000 4gal tins be transferred to smaller in he was given no executive power Mudros Bay which could be protected against the burgeoning Mudros and Imbros clerk! General Roper knew nothing threat. The complete tonnage of Mudros is actually a village on the of the likely engineer requirements maintenance stores and supplies shores of a large bay on the south or of any material available; in fact thus had to be handled at least twice side of the island of Lemnos, but he was told in London that the Turks in a harbour without any adequate during the campaign the name was were expected to retire as soon as facilities. Massive congestion ensued used indiscriminately for the bay and we landed so nothing very elaborate but, at the beginning of May, it still would be needed. How often had the island itself. When General Roper seemed quite possible that further one heard this sort of thing before, or reached the island, he was told advances could be made, leading indeed since?! On arrival in Alexandria, that it was not intended to use it to the capture of Constantinople, so he met the Chief Engineer of the as a forward base due to its lack of there still seemed no need to build up Australian and New Zealand Corps facilities and that nothing elaborate a large organization at Mudros. It was (Brigadier-General de Lotbiniere) in the way of piers or water supply not until July that a longer-term policy who told him he was arranging for was required. The Gallipoli landings was adopted, after which determined several 60ft barrel piers to be carried took place on 25 April and, though on the transports, together with six Mudros Bay had been used for develop the island. 100 ton lighters, which were to be assembling and launching the attack, it was intended to maintain the force from Gallipoli, was the site of GHQ with gangways, anchors and piles by direct shipments from Alexandria, from 21 May and was also the for holding them in place, and they the cargoes being discharged by centre for distributing water to the contained galvanized iron tanks, lighters onto temporary piers at the pumps, hose etc for water supply. beaches. Towards the end of the for troops and possessed a small month though, it was decided that advanced workshop for the beaches, tow and several were sunk in rough no ocean-going ship should proceed 60 Australian Sapper – 2015

run by a detachment from 113 the Dublin Fusiliers and the Ministers some 1500 wounded men to be Lancashire Workshop Company, trying to land from the River Clyde evacuated before midnight. based at Mudros. It also provided stone from its quarries for roads on Turkish defenders. section had been got ready for the the peninsula and erected a stone- At W Beach, sappers, under expedition but was not taken in the crusher to supply road-metal for end, with the result that the only the beaches. A disinfector and a entanglements and made a causeway map of Gallipoli available for use bathing establishment were built for for the guns. At nightfall, they began during the attack was a one-inch troops arriving from the peninsula to assemble the barrel piers from compilation made by the geographical and an Egyptian works battalion was Alexandria while a light trestle bridge section. This was unreliable and its largely engaged on piers, breakwater was started, as well as two roads. and water supply under sapper Tube wells could not be sunk on the not least for the gunners. Fortunately, supervision. Huts were also provided, beach but a well was dug and lined a moderately good and fairly recent as at Mudros, for semi-permanent and water tanks, erected by the map was found on a captured services such as bakeries. The chief drawback to Imbros was that reproduced and distributed by the its harbour was just a bay which faced was also found and cleared. The West north and even a light breeze from Riding Field Company disembarked The Helles Front that direction made landing virtually from the River Clyde and was sent THE supply of engineer stores, impossible. The navy sank two small forward in support of the infantry. material and plant to units on the When the Anzac landing took place peninsula was totally inadequate and of which two piers were built, but the north of Gaba Tepe, some of 1st sappers were driven to every kind of November storms wrecked everything. (Australian) Field Company dashed improvisation. Work on the building A large ship was then sunk as a of piers, and their repair after bad breakwater and this stood fast. Water of enthusiasm and it was some time weather, went on continuously. The supply was a constant problem on before they could be reassembled on both islands and, from the start, most the beach where they were divided a breakwater composed of sunken of it was shipped from Egypt being into three parties, one to make roads, pumped to reservoirs ashore or, in the another to search for water and the and this, combined with the second pier formed a small harbour. Further third to construct piers for landing a 6000 ton ship, the Mercedes. It took south was another, far smaller, stores. Paths to the top of Plugge’s until autumn to locate and develop sheltered area formed by an L-shaped Plateau and a track for 18-pounder adequate local supplies. pier. The construction of further piled guns were constructed during the piers continued and, during July, The Gallpoli Landings day; communications up Shrapnel a stone breakwater and pier was Much has been written about the Gully were also greatly improved built, running out to a depth of 17ft actual landings on the Gallipoli and a certain amount of water was peninsula on 25 April 1915 and it is found there, two tube wells being harbour with its piers and sunken not proposed to go into any detail sunk by nightfall. A water-tank boat, ships being used as breakwaters provided with eleven galvanized tanks resembled the Mulberry Harbour British landings were made by 29th and pumps was towed ashore and at Arromanches in June 1944. Division, under Major General Aylmer by early evening there was enough Hunter-Weston, a Sapper, at Cape water to supply the whole force, Dugouts were constructed for Helles on the toe of the peninsula kerosene tins being used to take people working on the beaches and (Beaches V, W, X and S), while the water to the forward troops. A barrel a certain amount of protection was Anzac Corps landed on the western pier had arrived by noon and pontoon also provided for dumps of stores side. It was at W Beach that the equipment a little later so, despite and supplies. Causeways were built Lancashire Fusiliers won their famous and decauville track was laid across “six VCs before breakfast”, while V landing stage had been erected in the beaches and also laterally across Beach saw the dreadful slaughter of Anzac Cove by nightfall enabling the front. Water supply was a never- Australian Sapper – 2015 61

the landing, sappers were engaged in helping infantry units to acquire the necessary skills. Sappers were however legitimately employed on consolidating key points and in the construction of redoubts, often extremely close to the Turkish trenches. This soon developed into a considerable period of mining. At and small charges were blown; this was followed by defensive mining and, in July, 254 Tunnelling Company was formed, mainly by transferring miners from other units. Both at Helles and at Anzac, mining was under the direct orders of the General Corps and unlike that operating in policy and left the execution entirely in sapper hands.

In charge of digging was a 31-year of those eccentric sappers who Army’s view that sappers are all at any rate. He arrived at Helles in command of a party of 30 sappers and with a bag of golf clubs, carefully wrapped in hessian and prominently labelled “Theodolite, Legs of”. This delighted everyone, particularly the Anzacs, always ready to appreciate an unconventional “Limey.” On 22 ending headache and the ration varied ammonal and with very primitive and May, about to explode a large mine, between a half and one gallon per dangerous fuzes. Periscopes were the Turks launched a vigorous assault day. Road work was limited owing another trench store produced in and Sutton’s party was pinned down to the comparatively small area in considerable quantities. by a Turkish grenade attack. With our possession, the front line never none of his own, Sutton was reduced being more than four miles from the There is no doubt that a lot of RE to catching the enemy bombs beachhead and only three in width, energy was wasted in the early and throwing them back until one but there were miles of mule tracks days by employing sappers on that had to be maintained. Another work which should have been The grenade was followed by a huge sapper task was the improvisation undertaken by the infantry, such as Turk with whom the disabled Sutton of bombs, in the absence of any wiring, digging and revetting, but fought, killing his man. He was then grenades at that stage of the war, and the British army had had very little carried down to the beach where his up to 250 a day were manufactured training in prior to the golf clubs were found and restored to him after the shredded remains 62 Australian Sapper – 2015

of his hand had been cut away. rest and it was only later in the year twelve to thirteen feet. It was under As he lay on his stretcher awaiting that a few units were able to have a constant artillery observation and evacuation, General Hunter-Weston, short period on the island of Imbros. was one of the most dangerous the Divisional Commander, visited spots in the whole area. A few ANZAC Operations him and awarded him an immediate weeks later, a rather stronger pier Fourteen Miles to the north, the MC. He was soon playing golf again, on piles was begun and completed Australian and New Zealand Army albeit single-handed. Shortly after in three weeks, using an 8in Corps occupied an entrenched line this, sappers were involved in what unexploded Turkish shell (emptied less than two miles long and little became known as the third battle of of explosive!) as a drop hammer, over a thousand yards deep. At surely ranking as one of the more the most it was some 400ft above allotted to brigade commanders unusual examples of sapper sea level and was dominated by and accompanied the infantry in improvisation. On 18 June, following heights rising over 950ft. Into this the assault, converting to our use completion of one of the piers, Lt tiny bridgehead were crammed some the captured Turkish trenches and Col Foot, an Australian Engineer, 40,000 men and the narrow beach constructing bridges over trenches drew attention to the fact that it was under observation from Turkish to carry guns. Considerable was the centenary of the Battle of positions two miles to the south. sapper casualties led to the later Waterloo and suggested a dinner practice that engineers should not Eight piers were constructed on in his dugout that evening which the beaches in the Anzac area, was attended by six Australian and but should be used only when a after the landing. It was 210ft long, Waterloo Dinner has since become eased the sapper load but, even a purely Australian event, stemming so, it was found to be impossible the remaining ten being piled, with from the recognized birthplace of to withdraw any sapper units for a a depth of water at the end of Australian military tradition: Gallipoli. Australian Sapper – 2015 63

The beach itself was just as long before a vast tunnelling system under command of Major Willmer, a dangerous as the front line and had been developed, including mine contained the RE dump, which counter-measures against the Turks. any assaulting troops gaining the made the drawing of stores rather In addition to this work, machine- unpopular. Other engineer activity before he could be reinforced which gun positions, artillery gun-pits and included building a mule shelter and a could not be for at least 36 hours. communications had to be executed bomb-proof casualty clearing station or supervised by sappers, and tracks on the beach and corps and divisional unopposed but the landing of the in enemy view had to be traversed headquarters were dug into the third was completely disorganized or blinded with sacking on wire. and delayed by unexpected reefs and Crossings over communication partly under enemy observation, led shoals, with some troops wading as trenches had to be made for guns up to the trenches and a great deal and, as at Helles, the manufacture of rough road or track had to be they had not landed where expected. of jam-tin bombs was an every day constructed arid maintained. Next morning, 10th Division started to chore. The manufacture of periscopes land, again not always in the expected As at Helles, water supply was a places, with increasing disorganization big undertaking, the glass being constant problem and the supply and delay. No artillery, vehicles or “obtained” mainly from mirrors on the to forward positions was often a animals had been put ashore and sea transports. nightmare. The daily ration was one trouble was being experienced at gallon per head for cooking and The Suvla Landing Mudros with their loading. Only a drinking, with nothing for washing, By June, a stalemate had been few stores had been landed by the the garrison at Quinn’s Post receiving reached and an entirely new strategic evening of 7 August and the landing only a third of a gallon for much of concept was needed which resulted of seaborne water was also seriously in arrears. Poor communications were close to the sea and the water, divisions to the Mediterranean. resulted in a series of orders and though just drinkable, was brackish counter-orders resulting in further and unpleasant. Before long, they of the rapid expansion of the British chaos and, as the day wore on, the began to dry up but wells dug higher Army to a total of seventy divisions. confused mass of men became up, though producing sweeter water, There was no lack of gallantry on completely exhausted. lasted an even shorter time. It soon the part of the troops, but there was The 8 August was not much better became necessary to build a piped a complete lack of “know-how” in and by the early hours of the 9th, supply from a central reservoir with a the art of battle, in administration 49,000-gallon capacity which drew assembling to seize the ridge line water from lighters and was pumped work. Against this background, or facing them, they found Turkish up from the beach using two old perhaps despite it, it was decided reinforcements coming down the Worthington steam pumps brought slopes to attack them. The Turkish over from Egypt. the western coast at Suvla. This battalions had marched 35 miles assault was to be coordinated with Trench warfare at Anzac was to the front, whereas the British described as “immensely interesting had been within two to four miles, to pin down the Turkish reserves, to the sapper”! It was certainly opposed by only four battalions and and then at Anzac, coinciding with hazardous and consisted mainly of nineteen guns! Conditions had by a surprise landing in Suvla Bay. tunnelling. Anzac provided a classic now become chaotic, the infantry ground for developing the art of The plan was for the 11th Division was without artillery support and sapping and mining as the conditions to land on the night of 6/7 August, the supply of ammunition, rations were suitable and the opposing lines to be followed by the 10th Division and water had broken down. There were close. The soil was easy to work, next day. Had the assaulting troops was no transport and the men but known it, the Turks had only four were exhausted, dispirited and battalions, spread over a wide front, mad with thirst. The Suvla landing need to be deep and timber was only to oppose them, with no machine needed at the openings. It was not guns or even barbed wire. They were it was decided to spend the 11th 64 Australian Sapper – 2015

August in reorganization. British and and started to pump into bottles Autumn in Gallipoli dominion casualties at Suvla and direct, some even cutting the hoses Meanwhile, General Hamilton was the supporting fronts of Anzac and and helping themselves. The third determined to break the stalemate Helles had totalled 25,000. It was in arrived two days later and the fourth on all three fronts by mounting further one of the Anzac attacks, conducted never even started. The irony of it all with much heroism, that Corporal was that if only the infantry had been Bassett, a signaller with the Royal able to reach their initial objectives, IX Corps at Suvla and the Anzac Corps New Zealand Engineers, won the VC, there was abundant water in the the only one awarded to the Sappers in the campaign. and mounting casualties, the attacks to provide water on shore by the Through all this chaos, Sappers lack of any tools or stores other were extremely busy. By the 9th, progress by the end of the month. than those they had been able to two piers were in working order, The Sappers in IX Corps were fully carry ashore with them. There was one of steel lighters with barrel-pier employed in the preparations for the a store-ship specially loaded with gangways and the other of pontoons. engineer equipment, including pumps The bulk of this work was carried alone sixty men were lost out of the and water-supply plant, but she hundred engaged. had to wait her turn in the landing equipped Royal Australian Naval programme and in the confusion The Suvla terrain presented its own Bridging Train (RANBT) which had just arrived in the theatre with its own companies, apart from trying to line was so rocky that blasting was vehicles and equipment and was improve the very inadequate water always necessary, but everywhere working under the Chief Engineer. supply, were strengthening positions else the ground was low and often They subsequently moved on to on the divisional front, improving waterlogged, requiring an immense build most of the other Suvla piers, tracks, constructing shelters and amount of drainage. The whole area leaving the divisional sappers free to headquarters, and were also was carefully mapped and as it was support the rest of IX Corps. Water employed as infantry. overlooked by the enemy, miles of supply was the most important need communication trenches had to be dug. Drainage required long collector days after landing, plans had been drains, very carefully levelled and made to bring water in by sea while at Helles and Anzac, a “night of excavated, and, when trenches had to sappers would develop supplies the long knives” was long overdue. on shore and install pumps. Water In fact there were several such be deepened to give added protection arrangements by mule or carrying 15 August when General Stopford were exacerbated, with pumping party, but no mules were put ashore was relieved of the command of IX from sumps being necessary. Not Corps at Suvla. General de Lisle surprisingly, mine warfare (ie the digging lighters, each carrying 62tons of was appointed to succeed him of mine shafts and galleries) did not water and associated equipment, and General Mahon commanding play such a leading part as it did in had been obtained by the Director the 10th Division then refused the Anzac area. Much work was done of Works and handed over to the to serve under him “for personal Navy at Imbros which arranged for reasons” so was also relieved. cement, joists, rails and timber, no them to be towed across to Suvla. Lindley, commanding the 53rd protection against heavy bombardment (Welsh) Division was the next to go. was ever practicable. Considerable sandbank some way out but by These changes followed the relief areas of land mines (ie buried high- building trestles the hose was got of Egerton commanding the 52nd explosive charges) were laid in no-man’s ashore and water delivered. The Division at Helles the previous month land and wiring in front of trenches was second lighter was brought in on and the departure of Hunter-Weston, greatly thickened. Brushwood mats for a line, but one of her tanks was commanding VIII Corps, with missing. Troops in the neighbourhood exhaustion. Hamilton, the CinC, was and bricks of sorts were manufactured got out of hand, seized the lighter to be relieved on 16 October. Australian Sapper – 2015 65

By the end of September, the eleven the torpedoing of Orange Prince, simulating normal activity. On the piers in the Suvla area were all in entirely loaded with engineer stores, last night, the garrison at Russell’s various stages of completion or use. including 3000tons of hutting. Timber Top, which commanded a view of was also required to provide stronger the embarkation areas, was quietly pontoon and part, trestle, reinforced protection against the heavier artillery with boulders, the little cement beginning to become available to the last two mines, each consisting available being used to grout the the Turkish army. Seasonal gales of three quarters of a ton of stone piers and quays. Railway lines, frequently interrupted the movement ammonal, placed 30ft below ground. driven by improvised pile-drivers, of shipping from Mudros and high Vast heaps of valuable stores, unable were particularly useful as they were seas and damage from lighters to be recovered, were prepared less liable to storm damage. Similar caused continuous work for sappers. work was carried out at Anzac but A three-day blizzard towards the end practically all the gun ammunition the protection of piers began to be of November caused further havoc was saved. Incredibly, the whole a cause of anxiety and three ships with thousands of cases of frostbite evacuation was completed without requisitioned by the Navy were sunk and hundreds dying of exhaustion or (loss of life, only two men being to protect the new pier at Lala Baba. wounded at Anzac on the last night. Three more ships were sunk at Helles, were almost impassable and there Engineer work during the evacuation with two more at lmbros and one at phase included the building of Mudros. No labour being available to troops. defences in reserve areas and 85 Evacuation Field Company constructed a “keep” dredger was obtained from the Suez By 30 November, the gales had for the rearguard at Suvla during the Canal Company which could handle abated and three weeks of almost 4000cu yds per day. perfect weather followed which enabled piers and jetties to be Other important tasks were wiring terrain, engineer work at Anzac repaired and a start to be made and the laying of mines, both in front with the re-embarkation of stores in of our positions and between the storage of water. Pipe connections anticipation of an order to evacuate front line and the reserve areas; 3000 were made to pump water from the peninsula. The number of mines were laid at Suvla, using up lighters direct to tanks on the beach troops at Suvla and Anzac was all surplus explosives. Much work and thence by 2in pipelines to canvas gradually reduced to 83,000 and was also done on roads leading to tanks in the valleys and 220-gallon a number of guns was also sent the embarkation beaches and, using cylindrical tanks with the divisions. away. On 7 December, the Cabinet Road work was never-ending with put down on the last two nights to evacuate Suvla and Anzac, but to guide the retiring troops. Sappers that all roads and tracks were clear of remain at Helles. It was vital to keep were the last to leave, having closed the expected winter torrents. Terraces up the appearance of normality the gaps in the defences, and three were also dug under cover of the without alerting the Turks - thus the steep hillsides for living and hospital number of embarkation points was two huge dumps of supplies on the huts as well as stables for mules and increased by using trestle piers but for ammunition. they remained hidden until the last moment. Gradually, the garrisons at the same time by means of candles In anticipation of winter, orders had in each area were reduced to burning an inch an hour - more been placed in August for hutting, 20.000, with the minimum of guns, sapper improvisation?! timber, corrugated iron, stoves and trench-pumps, but lack of shipping withdrawal being planned to take Last day at Helles caused delays leading to much place over the nights of 18 and 19 By 21 December Anzac and Suvla December. Fortunately the weather had been evacuated, but “Helles work was continually hampered by was to be held for the present.” lack of stores and equipment and Three days later a signal arrived from a notable example was caused by a hitch, with the remaining garrison London saying “Make all preparations 66 Australian Sapper – 2015

for immediate evacuation of Helles the sea was running so high that without, however, prejudicing a timing devices were prepared, further embarkation would soon be contrary policy of remaining there”! together with trip wires for bombs, impossible, but by 3.45am the last How often one has heard this sort and plans were laid for the closing of 17.000 men, together with all 37 of instruction, covering the sender’s of barricades and entanglements as guns, had left, the evacuation was back so that no subsequent blame the last parties passed through to the complete and the main magazine can be attributed to him! And then, beaches. Tunnelling had continued blew up with a thunderous roar. only four days later, before any work right up to the last moment when six This second, almost miraculous, can be done, and with ministers (and withdrawal, was completed without a generals) no doubt at home for the Much has been made of work on single casualty. Christmas break, “The Government the various piers but they were the has decided that the Cape Helles Conclusion lifeline for the whole expeditionary position may now be evacuated.” A Looking back, the most surprising force, whether they were at Anzac, thing about the Gallipoli campaign is Suvla, Helles, or even at Mudros. It clear that the only way to deceive that it ever took place at all. Planning was vital to keep them in operation the Turks a second time would be to was almost totally non-existent, and the battle of the piers was, in troops were not properly trained in a single night. Forward trenches and they were led by elderly and out of the and trenches further would have to be held in strength until of date generals, yet great heroism the last possible moment and the last was shown and dreadful conditions ordered for the night 8/9 January troops would have to withdraw in one and parties of engineers were to stay were stoically accepted by soldiers bound from the front line to the boats. to the end in case of damage to the on the ground. As in every other The deception plan would have to be piers. They were badly needed as, campaign, sappers proved their carefully coordinated and engineers by 9pm the wind was blowing at worth, often working under intolerable would have a major pat to play. 35mph and steadily increasing. Angry conditions and with inadequate Right up to the last day, work seas pounded the frail piers and two stores and equipment. Improvisation continued on communications, lighters broke adrift causing further and resourcefulness were the order improving main routes, erecting damage, and sappers, working in of the day and the Corps can be bridges across streams and pitch darkness with waves dashing justly proud of their contribution, constructing redoubts, strong points over them, were hard put to make together with that of their Australian and entanglements. For the last night the necessary repairs. By 3.30am and New Zealand comrades.

Bibliography

Gallipoli. Alan Moorhead. Haniish Hamilton, 1956. The Royal Engineers. Derek Boyd. Leo Cooper, 1975. The Dardanelles: A ’s Diary. H.M. Denham. First published John Murray 1981 Gallipoli. Michael Hickey. John Murray. 1995. History of the Corps of Royal Engineers. Volume VI. The Institution of Royal Engineers, 1952. Australian Sapper – 2015 67

From mud models to ROC maps WO2 Paul Hunter

Within an Army Combat Brigade (CBT BDE), the responsibility to provide mapping support and geospatial analysis falls to the Military Geospatial Information (MGI) detachment. This is a small team of Geospatial Engineers who work within the Intelligence (S2) cell. One key component of these responsibilities is the creation of very large audiences prior to large scale deliberate actions.

Traditionally, the large models, known generally as Mud Models, would be created by several members of the S2 cell, comprising both Intelligence and MGI Above. personnel. The models would typically be made out of hessian, or sail cloth, and could be as big as 4m x 4m. To provide an indication of relief, an elevation layer tint layer is created for the area, and under- terrain features would be added, along with a coarse laid to the topographic detail layer. When a degree of transparency is applied to the topographic layer, considered and the operations to be conducted.

This is a very time consuming process, taking The ROC Maps are waterproof and UV tolerant. They can generally around 150 man hours to construct. It could be walked on, and treated roughly without any detriment consume about $700 in materials, and provide a bulky to the mapping detail. If they get muddy from being walked map generalisation of the area. To indicate terrain elevation, dirt or some form of fabric would be piled seemed to be when high adhesive tape was used to mark up under the model in relevant areas – needing to be up phase lines, etc. When the tape was removed some of redone each time the model was used. Most often the ink was also removed. Using low adhesive tape helped, but didn’t solve, this problem. of the battle is detailed to a wide audience. Smaller ROC Maps about 2m x 2m were made for unit During 2015, the 7CBT BDE MGI team trialled a new of the CBT BDE was able to brief from exactly the same map. By placing eyelets in each corner the ROC Maps Aqueous Lightweight Canvas (similar to the fabric used for they could be pegged down to the ground or strung up on the stretched fabric prints commonly available), the MGI vehicles, as required. team were able to print the models on standard A-1 and A-0 inkjet plotters. Due to the limitations of the plotter roll The canvas rolls are not cheap, costing about $120 dimensions, the ROC Maps are printed in strips which are - $150 per ROC Map, but when compared to the then carefully joined with silicon from a standard caulking sail cloth and spray cans of the Mud Models it is gun available at any hardware store. The silicon dries in minutes, and the entire ROC Map can be produced by a used over and over, are about a third of the bulk of single operator in about 8 hours. the traditional Mud Models, as well as being much The topographical features portrayed on the ROC Map are enhanced in size, so as to be visible from a distance, but as the clarity of detail is so much better success from every perspective, and they are now than the spray painted sail cloth Mud Models that the embedded as a standard product generated by the 7CBT BDE MGI cell for all deliberate actions. 68 Australian Sapper – 2015

Modernisation of Army’s geospatial and multimedia capabilities MAJ Lisa Bush

“It is not the strongest of species capability becoming a critical there remains a focus on delivering that survives, nor the most component of the Intelligence function high quality multimedia support intelligent, but the most responsive to generate an ‘always on’ regional to change” — Charles Darwin understanding of the potential land in particular, the provision of tactical operating environment from multimedia support has widened Science has demonstrated that for a species, technology, or indeed to mission completion. The Geospatial audio-visual support to a range of most things to survive, it must Technicians (GTs) collect, analyse, geospatial and intelligence functions, adapt to change. This remains as manage and disseminate geospatial with a focus on fusion, production true to Army capability as it does information and intelligence at the and dissemination of timely and for other examples of evolution. tactical and operational levels. In relevant GEOINT and PSYOPs Simply put, Army capabilities 2015 the focus has evolved from the products. Multimedia Technicians must either innovate or die. An collection of foundation geospatial are now an organic and critical example of Army’s innovation is information to collecting and/or the evolution of its geospatial and ingesting tactical updates, conducting at SOHQ, 1 Div and 1 INT BN. multimedia capabilities as they detailed geospatial analysis in modernise to meet Army’s changing both time and space, managing Geospatial and multimedia needs. This is evidenced by the an increasing array of geospatial modernisation in 2015 transformation of Army’s Geospatial information and disseminating not Changes to the Army Plan and just hard and electronic mapping Army’s force structure under Plan Technician’s and ECN 180 Multimedia products, but a range of web Beersheba (most notably the transfer Technicians who transferred from mapping services to a variety of of 1 Topo Svy Sqn from the 6 ESR RASvy to the RAE in 1996 and platforms and devices. to 1 INT BN) and that fact that the are now preparing for a range of majority of the capability is directly modernisation measures including Whilst the 1 Topo Svy Sqn still contains the potential transfer to AUSTINT. the majority of GTs within Army, GTs triggered a review into the best placement for Army’s geospatial and Changes in technology and how range of roles across all commands multimedia capabilities. As a result, Army operates have changed what, and levels. This includes geospatial ECN 423 Geospatial Technicians, how and why geospatial data and detachments employed by the ECN 180 Multimedia Technician information is collected, analysed, managed and disseminated. RASvy 7 Bde, Joint Operations Command and capabilities have been analysed personnel were primarily focused on and Special Operation Command. as part of the Army Employment the mapping of Australia. This began Geospatial detachments are also Category Review Meeting (ECRM) evolving under the transfer to RAE process. All three geospatial and such as SASR, 2 CDO and SOER. multimedia components were Technicians, Lithographic Technicians Additionally, a number of GTs and presented at ECRM on 25 November and Printer Technicians focused 2015. Director General Personnel on the collection and display of Geospatial-Intelligence Organisation -Army has recommended a transfer foundation terrain information. where they contribute to the collection, of geospatial (less engineer survey) Products were generally hard copy analysis, management, production and and multimedia capability from RAE and required a long lead time from dissemination of strategic GEOINT. to AUSTINT. It is expected that Chief months to years to produce. From a multimedia perspective, Army’s requirements have continued Illustrator Reprographics also concerning the recommended to evolve with Army’s geospatial transferred to RAE in 1996. Whilst transfer early 2016. Australian Sapper – 2015 69

Another key driver for change is the Branch of Army Headquarters. Under way geospatial and multimedia First Principles Review (FPR). FPR this construct, considerable traction support can be delivered to Army. Recommendation 3.10 in particular has been gained in progressing has encouraged the review and geospatial and multimedia capability to be conducted in 2016 include development of stronger relationships development within Army. For identifying and setting the conditions between Army and the Australian example, LAND 1771 Geospatial for the implementation of the Geospatial-Intelligence Organisation Support for the Land Forces has Projects improved capabilities. A (AGO). The Directorate of Intelligence, progressed through Capability Gate Surveillance and Reconnaissance Review Board, Defence Capability geospatial and multimedia roles – Army (DISR-A) facilitated an AGO Committee and Minister of Defence and responsibilities, including the VIP visit to south east Queensland in Approval in preparation for First Workforce Plan and Bill of Provisioning October 2015 to highlight the diverse Pass Approval in December 2015. to support Army’s improved capability spread of Army’s tactical geospatial under LAND 1771. A GEOINT capability and emphasise the achievement for a project that has Working Group chaired by SO2 requirement for strategic geospatial previously been delayed six times, Geospatial has been tentatively resulting in Final Operating Capability scheduled for April 2016 to address and deployed settings. being delayed from 2015 to 2020. these issues, inclusive of second and Additionally, DISR-A has facilitated over $1.4 million in mitigation been endorsed in 2015. Head measures to Army in the last 12 Conclusion of Modernisation and Strategic months. This includes updating the Army’s geospatial and multimedia Planning – Army endorsed Army Rapid Geospatial Support Systems capabilities have demonstrated Capability Needs (ACND) 109 (RGSS) in 1 and 3 Bde (7 Bde their responsiveness to change and Geospatial Support. This provides was updated in 2014), improving continued relevance by innovating multimedia capability at HQ 1 Div, and adapting to Army’s dynamic geospatial needs in over twenty years. providing Imagery Analysis software needs. They have moved from ABCA Standards 2075 Coalition and updating some of Littoral and photogrammetric interpretation of land Theatre Geospatial Database and Riverine Survey Squadrons sensors. formations via aerial photographs, 2097 Geospatial Policy Standard were manual drafting, lithography, manual Future modernisation sign writing, hand drawing and by all ABCA nations. Additionally, Modernisation of Army’s Geospatial Army has provided geospatial and Multimedia capabilities will be the digitisation of terrain feature and multimedia feedback into the consolidated in 2016 and beyond. extraction, to now collecting, development of a range of ABCA These capabilities will most like fusing, analysing, managing and documents such as Intelligence transfer corps in 2016, and with it, disseminating geospatial information Fusion Cell SOPs and CONEMP, transfer TECHCON of Geospatial and intelligence from the national ABCA 2-Star Handbook, ABCA and Multimedia from FEB to to tactical levels. The potential for Coalition Operations Handbook DISR-A. The implementation of FPR Army’s geospatial and multimedia and the Coalition Group SENSE Recommendation 3.10 will continue, capability to be employed in three with AGO indicating their intent to corps in 20 years demonstrates an the evolving roles and responsibilities ability to seek out and maximise of our Geospatial and Multimedia position at in opportunities in a dynamic capabilities in both Australian and the 2016. Additional ACNDs such as environment. This ‘organisational other ABCA nations. ACND 122 Imagery Analysis and ACND 136 Amphibious Geospatial To facilitate the modernisation of capabilities within Army of a truly Army’s geospatial and multimedia adaptive approach. This evolution endorsed, providing further guidance capabilities, SO2 Geospatial and will be increasingly important as the for Army’s modernising force. WO1 Military Geospatial Information ADF continues to operate in more - Army have moved under command Capability delivered under LAND connected, populated, urbanised of DISR-A within the Modernisation 1771 fundamentally changes the and littoral environments. 70 Australian Sapper – 2015

The Joint Improvised-Threat Defeat Agency LTCOL Micheal Brereton and MAJ Rosanna M. Clemente, US Army

In 2015 the Joint Improvised Explosive funding allocation which is required a core JIEDDO function and what Defeat Organization (JIEDDO) ceased for FY17 activities. As an organisation, to exist and the Joint Improvised- JIDA is not unaccustomed to within JIDA. Threat Defeat Agency (JIDA) came In the past 12 months at JIDA, into being under the leadership of Since FY13, it has been steadily Major Jud Ruig from the J2 has new Director, Mike reducing its personnel strength by played a key leadership role in the Shields. Why did this change occur 70% and budget by 64% while still and why was it necessary? providing US DOD with invaluable process focused on the analysis In March 2015, the United States of current Daish TTPs. The work to an ever-changing enemy. JIDA Department of Defense (US DOD) assisted JIDA to identify Daish will continue this service in FY16, made the decision to transition vulnerabilities that have informed through the mechanism of Overseas JIEDDO to a Combat Support Agency operational CIED recommendations Contingency Operations (OCO) (CSA) under the authority of the which in turn have shaped JIDA’s funding to enable it to respond to the rapid capability acquisition planning, for Acquisition, Technology and training support and analytical reach and to support other US-based back in support of current operations. awareness that improvised threats capabilities, such as the Federal The Australian Army’s local support such as the Improvised Explosive Bureau of Investigation’s Terrorist Device (IED) have fundamentally Explosive Device Analytical Center through the continued commitment changed the characteristics of to the embedded AUSTINT position As a CSA, and with a remit now within the J2 at JIDA and through methods through which our forces encompassing a wider range of the newly established AUSTINT position at the National Ground interact with indigenous forces and improvised threats, JIDA is also well populations when deployed in an Intelligence Center (NGIC) - the positioned to align with the Pentagon expeditionary setting. It also reinforces later position made possible by the the reality that countering improvised surrendering of the embedded RA ‘upstream’ counter improvised threat a military responsibility – it requires not replaced at the end of 2015. includes addressing issues such as a global partnership of military, law the interdiction of illegal supply chain activities, social media analysis, focused on sharing the burden of an across the CIED community of interest international response. attack and passive support networks it can be argued that a previously established to deliver and execute heralded priority, the institutionalization and scope remain ongoing. It will of CIED, has lost momentum over most likely not be until early 2016 that Much of this support will fall under the past 12 months. This was evident the agency’s Concept of Operations the banner of Attack the Network at JIDA during the initial planning for will be ready for wider release and a (ATN) and highlights the strong the new organisation when it was continued commitment to what was decided that many of the functions Australian Sapper – 2015 71

associated with training would be challenges while retaining strengths, either absorbed into other areas or no longer supported. This planning The new LL program is designed to be adaptive and responsive tempered the organisation’s ability to to emerging improvised threats and contemporary IED problem the experiences and lessons learned sets by providing customers both during the decade plus of operations internal and external to JIDA with in the Middle East. Fortunately, this a menu of information and lessons learned. Users will have access to planning and the J7 emerged from comprehensive reports detailing the restructure as a better resourced processes, actions, and best and more capable branch; one that practices employed across the has had a leading role in JIDA’s force. The JIDA LL Program also preparations for transitioning to a CSA employs a process to ensure that through the development of CIED- collected observations are studied, For those seeking more Essential Task List. The rejuvenated analyzed, and validated before information on the JIDA LL release to the broader community. J7 Branch has also been able to Program in 2016, please contact Observations are entered into a continue its valuable contribution Major Rosanna Clemente to institutionalising CIED through Discovery, Validation, Resolution, at rosanna.m.clemente. initiatives such as the JIDA Lessons Evaluation, and Dissemination [email protected]. Personnel Learned Program. process which walks each issue can submit observations to through comprehensive analysis the JIDA Lessons Learned The J7 Branch, on behalf of the and research by subject matter program via SIPR to organization, recently established a JIDALessonsLearned@jieddo. experts and provides a forum for CSA-level CIED and improvised threat smil.mil or via NIPR directly to Lessons Learned (LL) program which innovation, discussion, and problem MAJ Clemente at her above will include an accessible repository solving for some of the most unique stated military e-mail address. For general queries on JIDA’s community of interest. The new capabilities and services, please While still in its infancy, the JIDA LL program will integrate with, and contact Lieutenant Colonel Program has tremendous potential support, the Department of Defense Dave Evans via the DRN at Joint Lessons Learned Program [email protected]. (JLLP) and will enable the Joint, lessons learned while establishing au. Lieutenant Colonel Evans Interagency, Intergovernmental, and a deliberate process for identifying arrives in post as the Australian issues and capturing best practices within the JIDA J3X in late that can potentially be institutionalized December 2015. into doctrine and training. 72 Australian Sapper – 2015

High-risk search for relevance MAJ Rodney Davis

Having risen to contemporary the Combat Engineer Regiment (CER) are well known to be the Improvised Explosive Devices incapable of providing inherent limitations in providing sustained of central-Asian Insurgents,i the commensurate support to the suppression & obscuration inhibits mobility of the Armoured Cavalry any ability to conduct a combined identity crisis. The concentration Regiment, in particular the Tank arms breach – by hand – of an on high-risk green-role search for Squadron; although this is not opposed complex obstacle, even so long has stunted commensurate development in our foundation the BEERSHEBA rebalance. However, the armoured breaching The ability to support three manoeuvre the degradation of the RAE’s & bridging assets of future RAE elements with two CE Squadrons is equipment holdings has done capability are being considered challenging, but is resolved by the nothing to inspire Sappers as under the LAND 155 Enhanced Gap careful allocation of Engineer elements they reorientate to wet gaps, Crossing Capability and LAND 907- in accordance with the Brigade 2 Tank Phase 2 capital acquisition projects,iv and will eventually Whilst the appearance of tanks and acceptance of risk. This article enable development of the highly in the ‘like’ Brigades of Plan does not seek to challenge Plan topical combined arms breaching BEERSHEBA may appear to have BEERSHEBA in any way; rather, it operations. The key decisions to exposed an unforeseen capability will look at in-house shortfalls of the be made in the development of gap, the correlation should not be RAE mindful of future changes under the force package include whether confused with causation, as the Defence White Paper 2015 and the the versatility of Medium platforms shortcomings of the RAE are far next Defence Capability Plan. Combat Engineering capability platforms, and whether fascines fruit of ‘a lack of under-armour ii shortfalls breaching & bridging vehicles’. than a tank-launched bridge. The current lack of under armour This article seeks to examine the breaching & bridging capabilities has But what about in the interim? capability, equipment & relevance long been highlighted by the Army Or what about the support to a issues at the heart of the provision Experimentation Framework, most dismounted force, which has no place of Engineer capability to the Combat notably during the 2013 HEADLINE for armoured breaching assets, even if Brigades under Plan BEERSHEBA. Experiment. During this experiment, they are eventually acquired? The underpinning theme is to highlight a Battle Group encountered a series key issues facing the RAE Corps, of very minor wet gaps which were Accepting risk and quantifying which run deeper than a lack of some unable to be breached by the organic assurance primary equipment systems, and are Engineer force elements resulting in The challenges implicit to hand- independent of any implications of mission failure.iii Current equipment breaching ahead of a dismounted Plan BEERSHEBA. shortfalls also exist in explosive breaching, with ongoing shortcomings detailed explanation. Notwithstanding Mobility & Survivability as part of in the roll-out of Personnel Explosive friendly precision-guided suppression Army’s rebalance Line Clearance Charge. and obscuration, the impact of the The changes to the provision enemy’s heavy machine guns on of Mobility & Survivability (M&S) In short, the capacity of the CER support to the Combat Brigade to conduct mechanical Reduce support would be disastrous to even under BEERSHEBA were minimal, breaching operations remains the most gallant Breach Force. less the theoretical requirement for severely limited, especially in contact each Brigade to enable & assure and in complex environments. The Standard Operating Tank mobility. The capabilities of The time imperative for breaching Procedure for conventional search Australian Sapper – 2015 73

in Afghanistan was hinged on F3 Metal Detectors aside, the Local innovation presents as attempting to achieve 100% Sappers’ key tools are low-quality an ideal means for updating assurance, and the thorough pre- and low-technology; which hardly capability and ensuring relevance to inspire a generation who grew up supported units. Rapid commercial forged a culture of zero deviation with smartphones. The lack of 21st off the shelf acquisitions based from the deliberate descriptions of Century tools to deal with 21st on meaningful analysis are readily Search Doctrine. This was warranted Century problems is as alarming as available, although central Corps though, of course, as the shoot it is disheartening, and it presents oversight is essential to monitor threat was usually negligible; with a challenge for retention given the and support acquisitions & trials. search commanders subsequently An agreed & understood process Army and industry. for introducing minor capability their manoeuvre bosses to assure the into service within the Corps Elsewhere in the Section Store mobility of long coalition convoys. needs to be communicated, are specialist search kits which – in order for adaptive capability at face value – appear to be the development to optimally adjust the RAE to address. The refocus versatile type of specialist equipment to emerging threats and take which only an Engineer brings to advantage of market offerings. of the way we certify forces, accept with redundant and duplicated Summary & recommendations risk and quantify assurance; given components which have little utility This article has highlighted that the changes to the RAE under Counter-Insurgency experiences. Plan BEERSHEBA are actually of In Afghanistan, it was perfectly accountability burden. The Cross minor consequence; given most acceptable to consume sixty capability shortfall-related matters were already present in the previous assure mobility to those following; another example of RAE equipment construct. Whilst the rebalance of Tanks highlights the lack of to enable a Combat Team assault but is too cumbersome to rapidly commensurate mobility support on a dug-in enemy Platoon – is project & provide water to units platforms across the Corps, the below Brigade level. Project NINGAUI future seems bright, as LAND 155 of assurance of 50% acceptable? represents yet another highly- and LAND 907-2 appear resourced specialised capability with little utility and informed to deliver a force accepts the risk? package to address our lack of The analysis of these questions breaching & bridging capability. Sappers need to be equipped and resultant assessments are with unique, versatile & robust Subsequently outlined were a range crucial to determining the RAE’s tools which are simple but broadly of issues that the Corps needs to relevance in the foundation address at a lower level, and most vi can be resolved ‘in-house’. In be conducted independent of any is a tough toolset which provides particular, a reorientation away from proposed under-armour solution. broad utility and is representative of This type of analysis will constitute the deployable equipment needed methodology must be considered, the RAE’s contribution to the Army’s in the CE Squadrons. Similarly, a and an acknowledgement of risks ‘intellectual pivot’v – which fosters inherent in foundation warfare to more modern thinking in preparation such as the Nomad (also under facilitate improved support to Battle for future contingency operations. trial in 2 CER)vii represents civilian CER equipment aspirations best practice for Humanitarian A glance into a Combat Engineer Assistance missions, and would and future contingency operations Section Store will leave an have alleviated the water production educated observer grimacing with shortfalls in Operation PACIFIC disappointment. Chainsaws and ASSIST earlier this year. viii requirements must adapt. 74 Australian Sapper – 2015

Regarding equipment, the CER of engineer support to the supported acquisition are all within Engineers’ needs to be equipped with more control. If we fail to adapt in these contemporary equipment to enable Engineers a specialist capability to areas within our control, our relevance the provision of support to the Battle Groups that Plan BEERSHEBA A critical review of our relevance is The relevance and capability of the demands of it. Man-portable required to ensure the Battle Groups Hydraulic Tools, arborist chainsaws widely known to be undermined by a of Plan BEERSHEBA and the Army- lack of under armour breaching and After-BEERSHEBA are enabled for units are three examples of robust bridging equipment; but resolving success, and to ensure the RAE is contemporary equipment which equipped & arranged to solve 21st acceptance and minor equipment Century problems.

I’ve known Ian Mansfield for well his criticism, in a non-emotive way, his book, recalling his time in over 40 years, but reading his where he thinks this is warranted. Afghanistan and when a book has given me an insight into I found his candor and balance close Afghan colleague accidently the man and his humanitarian, to be refreshing. Throughout his drowned in the Indus River. He diplomatic and professional deeds, work his strong humanitarian bent writes “When I got home the events that are far more formed than I is obvious. His desire to help the of the past week caught up with had previously thought. Reading innocent against the ravages of me emotionally, and I hugged and understanding Ian’s journey war is very clearly demonstrated by Margaret and cried over the loss of has generated in me a huge his deeds, including his decision my good friend.” He served through respect for what he has achieved to leave the Australian Army and violent times, and the presence and for the , to join the . support of his family helped him Australia and the international maintain his balance and energy. For me, there are several facets community. Ian has been at the of Ian’s story that are important. A second facet of Ian’s book which forefront of international endeavors Firstly, you can’t avoid the fact stands out for me is his excellent to deal with the scourge of land that Ian’s story is the story of the coverage of the ’s mines and their effect on innocent Mansfield family - Ian, Margaret military involvement in tackling the populations, for over 20 years. His and their children. Regardless of issue of land mines, and the early journey took him, and his family, rank, all of us who have had long days of international intervention to front line postings in places and successful careers understand and support in this regard. He like Pakistan, Afghanistan, Laos that success can only be provides many insights of life in and Sarajevo, before tackling achieved with the strong support, Afghanistan - from the conclusion the challenges of New York and understanding and forgiveness of of the Russian occupation, through beyond. His efforts saw him visit your family. In Ian’s case, Margaret self-government and to the rise of over 70 countries; many of them and his children served with, and the Taliban – well before Australia’s war torn and impoverished. supported him, in some of the ongoing intervention since 2001. He Ian’s work is easy to read, factual most challenging geographical, does a similar job in describing post and compelling. While he chronicles cultural and security environments his own life, he gives considerable of the late 1990s and the early In relating his story, Ian gives strong space to others he encountered 2000’s. How important this was attribution to a small band of fellow upon his journey. He is mostly for Ian and his achievements is Australians, and international complimentary but he is clear in demonstrated in a passage from Australian Sapper – 2015 75

Notes:

i. P Connolly, Counterinsurgency in Uruzgan 2009, Land Warfare Studies Centre, 2011, p 26 ii. Army Experimental Framework 2014 Experimentation Quicklook, Assault Breaching for the Combat Brigade, Directorate of Force Development - Army, 2014, p 1 iii. Army Experimental Framework 2013 Experimentation Quicklook, MCB CONEMP, Directorate of Force Development - Army, 2013, p 19 iv. Army Experimental Framework 2014 Experimentation Quicklook, Assault Breaching for the Combat Brigade, Directorate of Force Development - Army, 2014, p 1 v. M Ryan, Australian Army: Beersheba and beyond, in The Strategist, Australian Strategic Policy Institute Blog, July 2014 viii. JTF 665.2 Post Operational Report – Operation PACIFIC ASSIST 15

individuals who served in incredibly the United Nations and its member challenging roles in Pakistan and states. Its not easy, and it requires Afghanistan, and beyond, for well real courage. Ian’s recollection of over a decade. He tells the story his dealings with politicians, military of people who deployed with little leaders, diplomats and even royalty more than their military training makes for compelling reading. It and wit to see them through takes a person with special skills extremely difficult and complex to carve a successful career in the challenges, and he chronicles United Nations, where positive their success against the odds. outcomes are clearly recognizable His book should be compelling indicators of that career. Ian both to his generation and the modern generation of Australian we, and the impoverished citizens Army engineers. Such reading in war torn countries scourged will show that our success on the by the presence of land mines, battlefield in Afghanistan today had have much to thank him for. its genesis in the work done by Ian says in the last few sentences Ian, and a small band of engineer of the book that “we hope we have officers and SNCOs, throughout made a tiny impact on making the 1990’s. For the record, the world a better place for a few Ian reminds us that Australians people”. My friend and colleague, served on mine clearance Lieutenant General , operations in Afghanistan, wrote of Ian, “Through his personal Cambodia, Mozambique, bravery and commitment to the Bosnia and Eritrea. Nearly worthy cause of ridding the world 200 members of the Australian of the scourge of mines, he helped Army served in such roles. save the lives of thousands of men, women and children”. Peter has to shape policies, gain funding and and he and his family have much make progress when dealing with of which they should be proud. 76 Australian Sapper – 2015

UNTAG reunion Mr Jack Horner

In March 1989, 17 Construction Squadron was deployed to what Chris Munn, Australian Honorary was then known as South West Consular Generals, Windhoek based Africa (SWA) to assist SWA and UN Ed Humphrey and Sydney based resolution 435 to transition from South Antonio Gelasi and partners. Africa rule to independence and what is called now called . The framed board presented from 17 Construction Squadron and APPVA Associations contained a 17 Construction Squadron (UNTAG) for two tours of Namibia from March Citation (1990), Honour Distinction 1989 for approximately 12 months. award presented by the Australian In 2015 Namibia, celebrated the silver Governor General (2013), AASM jubilee of Independence and a number clamp Namibia, ADM and UNTAG of UNTAG Veterans returned to medals, RAE corp and APPVA celebrate and observe the inauguration Badges and a commerative 17 of the 3rd Namibian president. Construction Association coin.

On the 20th March these Veterans met and conducted a presentation to presentation received a Commerative the Government of Namibia on behalf Coin, 17 Construction Squadron of 17 Construction and Australian and APPVA lapel badge in a case Peacekeeper and Peacemaker as a memento of the reunion. Veterans Associations (APPVA). A commerative coin was also presented to the Namibian The Namibian government was Independence Museum. represented by the Deputy Minister “The Squadron performed a role Nicanor as well as head of Department, read an account highlighting the well beyond what was expected and the Veterans were supported pivotal role the “Little Bear Unit” had and brought great credit on itself, by the High Commissioner for played in this mission. the Australian Army and Australia.” Quoting what Javier Pérez de Cuéllar, Secretary-General of the United Nations, wrote to Gareth Evans. “The remarkable contribution made by the Australian military and electoral personnel... had been widely and deservedly praised’.

Above. Namibian military personnel with retiring president of Namibia inspecting the troops on parade for Left. Lifelong mates and ex Sappers, Mark Aldridge, Leigh Thomas and Squadron (UNTAG) celebrating the Australian Sapper – 2015 77

“Today, on this occasion we Costa Rica, Canada, Denmark, sustaining any fatalities – one of the Finland, France, Germany and the few military units in UNTAG to do so.” spirit of all of those 4493 men and women who comprised UNTAG Oceania neighbours, there were The next day – 21st March, the from 50 countries in addition to also many of our Asian partners UNTAG Veterans and partners the 613 Australian engineers. including , , were invited to the VIP area of the , , Thailand, Independence Stadium with Heads The following list of contributing Bangladesh, Pakistan and India. of State from numerous countries countries is not exhaustive but and Namibians to witness the illustrative of the fact that UNTAG The result of UNTAG’s work and inauguration of the new president was a genuine commitment on legacy is modern Namibia – a strong, and celebrate the 25th Anniversary behalf of the world, at the end of the vibrant, free, proud and democratic of Independence celebrations with cold war, to ensure that Namibian country with a bright future. a military parade and formal lunch. Independence was nurtured, sustained and where necessary mentioning and thanking those Anzac Day saw David Buckland and defended hard against those who did Australian UNTAG engineers here with Jack Horner, attend the dawn service not wish this to occur. us today. Although a total of 19 UN at Freedom Park, at the invitation of UNTAG troops came from as far personnel lost their lives in Namibia, the Australian High Commissioner to the two Australian contingents Trinidad and Tobago, Peru, achieved their mission without breakfast and two up at his residence. 78 Australian Sapper – 2015

Above. The tour group, adjacent to Return to Gallipoli the site of Watson Pier on the Gallipoli BRIG Wayne Budd

In the lead up to this centenary of our Sapper’s Gallipoli Centenary of Watson Pier on the 18th of June to ANZAC year, discussions were held Tour. With our travel partner Baronia commemorate the deeds of our ANZAC at the Corps Committee on how best Travel, a 14 day tour of Turkey and sappers and the 100th Anniversary to celebrate the achievements of our of the completion of the pier. It included Australian and Turkish That evening a commemorative History tells us about the completion based guides, opportunity to focus of Watson Pier at ANZAC Cove and on the Sapper’s achievements and a 100th anniversary Waterloo Dinner the resulting dinner in a dugout to 100th Anniversary Waterloo Dinner celebrate that engineering feat. We on the Gallipoli Peninsula. The scene also know that LTCOL Cecil Henry was set for a memorable event. Foott was the senior Australian Sapper tour and in proud Corps tradition present that evening and as the Director Over 90 old Sappers, their partners, the toast to the Corps was delivered of Engineers in 1924 inaugurated an original sapper descendants and their by a Sapper Signalman Paul Arthur annual Corps dinner to commemorate families (Bill Watson – grandson of Stan with Australian Port provided by engineer camaraderie built on those Watson and Malcom Moore – grandson the RASIGS Association of NSW earlier Gallipoli campaign achievements. of Jack Moore an original 1st Field (many thanks to the Sigs). There Thus a tradition was created. Company Engineers member), some were some who travelled to Gallipoli Army and a few serving Corps just to join dinner including one In May/June 2010 a group of maritime members undertook the tour. A couple of Stan Watson’s grandsons. archaeologists conducted a sub- of days were spent in Istanbul before surface survey of the Gallipoli landing a seven day period on the Gallipoli areas and revealed that remnants of Peninsula. Sights and activities included tribute and pilgrimage in remembering Watson Pier remained in the seabed. a cruise along the Gallipoli coast, our original ANZAC sappers. A big ANZAC Cove visit, Shrapnel Valley, thanks needs to go out to Graham drive for a 100th anniversary event Plugges Plateau, Ari Burnu, Lone Pine, to commemorate this engineering the First Ridge posts, the Nek, Chunuk would have been possible. Thanks achievement and foundation action of Bair, various Turkish Memorials, Cape to Baronia Travel for being a great a Corps tradition. Helles, the Dardanelles Narrows, Suvla tour partner – Rod Margetts, Mark We launched the idea for a tour Bay, a wander down Rhododendron Sampson, Mark Radford – you guys and in consultation with the family Ridge and even a visit to ancient Troy. were great. Thank you for everyone of Lieutenant Stan Watson created A memorial service was held at the site who joined the tour and made it fun. Corps Subscriptions

Why subscribe?

The Corps of Royal Australian Engineers has a collective Corps sporting events, teams and tours, responsibility to our predecessors and ourselves to ensure we preserve, protect and develop our heritage. the annual Sapper of Excellence awards, the publication of Unit histories. The legacy that we have been left, and that we will subsequently leave, includes historical equipment, Individuals and groups can apply for support from the fund important medal groups, diaries, photographs, publications, at anytime. letters and other records of the Corps’ achievements.

Most of our objects of importance are displayed in The Future The Australian Army Museum of Military Engineering or at The School of Military Engineering. The Corps Fund will continue to support Corps sporting, adventure training and other activities. Funds will also be Your subscription will ensure that the Royal Australian required to assist with the research and publication of Engineers can continue to preserve, protect and develop Volume V of The Corps History. our heritage while fostering our Esprit de Corps.

How do I subscribe? What is the cost? Subscription can be made by electronic transfer to the The annual cost of subscriptions is as follows: following account: Australian Defence Credit Union BSB No: 642-170 ARA Corporal -Sapper: $26 per annum ($1 per fortnight) Account Number: 528618 ARes ORs: $20 per annum Name of Account: RAE Corps Fund Ex-Service ORs: $20 per annum RAE ex-service Association: Annual Donarion your payment. Alternatively, visit the Corps Shop and pay by cash or card.

For further information or to request support from the Fund, contact the RAE Head of Corps Cell via email at: [email protected] 80 Australian Sapper – 2015