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The United Republic of Tanzania Shinyanga THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA SHINYANGA REGIONAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE Joint publication by: NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS (NBS ) AND SHINYANGA REGIONAL COMMISSIONER’S OFFICE CO-ORDINATED BY: MINISTRY OF PLANNING, ECONOMY AND EMPOWERMENT DAR -ES -SALAAM SECOND Edition JULY 2007 i TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD .......................................................................................................................................iv SECTION ONE.....................................................................................................................................1 1.0 LAND, PEOPLE AND CLIMATE.................................................................................................1 1.1 Geographical Location..........................................................................................................1 1.2 Surface Area and Administrative Units ................................................................................1 1.3 Population....................................................................................................................................4 1.4 Climatic Features.........................................................................................................................9 1.5 Drainage ....................................................................................................................................10 1.6 Topography and Vegetation......................................................................................................10 SECTION TWO..................................................................................................................................11 REGIONAL ECONOMY ...................................................................................................................11 2.2.1 Agriculture development........................................................................................................13 2.2.2 Livestock Development........................................................................................................17 2.2.3 Natural Resources ..................................................................................................................22 SECTION THREE ..............................................................................................................................30 3.0 ECONOMIC INFRASTRUCTURE .............................................................................................30 3.1 Transport Sector........................................................................................................................30 3.2 Railway......................................................................................................................................35 3.3 Air Services..............................................................................................................................35 SECTION FOUR ................................................................................................................................40 4.0 SOCIAL SERVICES ....................................................................................................................40 4.1.1 Distribution of Pre – Schools in the Region...........................................................................40 4.1.2 Primary Education..................................................................................................................41 4.1.10 Distribution of Secondary Schools by Ownership...............................................................54 4.2 Water and Sanitation.................................................................................................................58 4.2.2 Number of Rural Water Schemes...........................................................................................58 4.2.5 Urban Water Supply...............................................................................................................61 4.3 Health Sector.............................................................................................................................65 4.3.3 Ten Common Causes of Mortality.........................................................................................67 4.3.4 Infant and Child Mortality......................................................................................................69 4.3.5 HIV/AIDS and Tuberculosis Case .........................................................................................74 SECTION FIVE ..................................................................................................................................82 5.0 OTHER DEVELOPMENT ISSUES.............................................................................................82 5.2 Women Economic Groups ........................................................................................................82 5.3 Youth Economic groups............................................................................................................83 SECTION VI.......................................................................................................................................89 6.0 POTENTIAL AREAS FOR INVESTMENT ...............................................................................89 ii iii FOREWORD 1. Tanzania’s Vision 2025 continues to be the guiding beacon of all our future developmental efforts summarized broadly as being: - High quality livelihood including the absence of abject poverty. - Good governance and the rule of law. - A strong and competitive economy. The goals of our Vision 2025 are in line with the United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals with MKUKUTA as the main vehicle of implementation. 2. Yet at this point in our history, problems especially in rural areas are many and daunting. Social and economic services require sustainable improvement. The high primary school enrollment rates recently attained have to be maintained; the food situation is still precarious; infant and maternal/mortality rates continue to be high. Unemployment is still triggering mass migration of youth from rural areas to already overcrowded urban centers. 3. Added to these problems in the menace poised by HIV/AIDS, the prevalence of which throughout Tanzania is negating our efforts to advance into this century of science and technology. The pandemic has been exacting a heavy toll on the economically active age group, leaving in its wake an increasing number of orphans, broken families and much suffering. AIDS together with environmental deterioration are the new developmental problems. They cannot be ignored. 4. Our efforts to meet both the new and the old challenges have been hampered by many factors including ill prepared rural development programmes followed by weak implementation, monitoring and supervision of these programmed and sectoral strategies. The shortcomings in policy formulation, project identification, design and implementation is in turn balanced on the lack of reliable and adequate data and information on the rural development process. 5. The publication of the Regional Socio-economic Profile series by the Ministry of Planning, Economy and Empowerment, in collaboration with the National Bureau of Statistics and various regional commissioners’ offices is a major attempt at finding a solution to this data and information gap. 6. Regional profiles cover a wide range of data and information on geography, population, socio- economic parameters, social services, economic infrastructure and the productive sectors. Such data and information has proved vital to many policy makers, planners, researchers, donors and functional managers. 7. This Shinyanga Regional Socio-economic Profile contains the detailed data and information on the region and is one of the Second Edition series nationwide. The second editions take advantage of experience gained in the production of the First Edition publications. They are proving even more valuable and informative to our clients. Constructive view and criticisms are still invited from readers to enable such profiles to become a better tool in the implementation of the country’s policies. iv 8. Lastly but not least, I wish to thank the staff of the Ministry of Planning, Economy and Empowerment, the National Bureau of Statistics and the Shinyanga Regional Commissioner’s Office, for their devotion in ensuring the successful compilation of this document. Dr. Juma Ngasongwa MINISTER OF PLANNING, ECONOMY AND EMPOWERMENT July, 2007 v SECTION ONE 1.0 LAND, PEOPLE AND CLIMATE 1.1 Geographical Location Shinyanga region is located south of Lake Victoria at 20 to 160 kms from the shorelines forming part of what used to be known as the Sukuma land. The region lies between 31 and 35 Eastern longitude and between 2 and 3 Southern latitude. It makes part of the Lake Zone in the Western part of Tanzania. In the eastern part, the region borders the Arusha region, to the south Tabora region, to the west Kigoma region. To the northwest is Kagera region and in the north the region borders Mwanza region. On the eastern boundary there is the Serengeti National Park. The western and southern parts follow sand river courses and lakes. 1.2 Surface Area and Administrative Units Shinyanga region was inaugurated in 1963. At its inauguration the region had three rural districts and a township namely: Shinyanga, Maswa, Kahama, and Shinyanga Township. To date the region is subdivided into seven rural districts. The New districts are
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