References
Prof. RAKESH BHATNAGAR Ph.D., F.N.A,, F.N.A.Sc., F.A.Sc. Vice Chancellor, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi J.C. Bose National Fellow Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory School of Biotechnology Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi - 110067, India
Contact info: Phone: 011-26704079, 26704715 Mail: [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
one DATE OF BIRTH: 11-07-1951
EDUCATION: Ph.D. (1978), Department of Biochemistry National Sugar Institute, Kanpur, India.
ADMINISTRATIVE EXPERIENCE:
2018-TILL DATE Vice Chancellor Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi
2013 - 2015 Dean School of Biotechnology Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.
2012 – 2013 Vice Chancellor Kumaun University Nainital, Uttarakhand
2011 - 2012 Director Academic Staff College Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.
2009 - 2011 : Director Advanced Instrumentation Research Facility Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.
2007 - 2012 : Chairman Intellectual Property Management Cell Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.
2001 - 2003 : Chairman 1993 - 1995 Centre for Biotechnology Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.
1990 - 1993 : Coordinator Bioinformatics Centre Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE:
1997 onwards Professor School of Biotechnology Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.
2010 -2013 Faculty in U.S.-India Joint Research Training Program Seattle Biomedical Research Institute Seattle WA, USA
1989 - 1997 Associate Professor Centre for Biotechnology Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.
1987 - 1989 Senior NRC Associate, USAMRIID, Fredrick MD, USA.
1986 - 1987 Visiting Associate, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
1985 - 1986 Visiting Assistant Prof., Lab. Connective Tissue, Biochemistry, CHU, Caen, FRANCE.
1983 - 1985 Assistant Professor of Biochemistry Post Graduate Institute of Med. Education & Research, Chandigarh.
1982 - 1983 Pool Officer, Department of Biochemistry V. P. Chest Institute, University of Delhi.
1979 - 1982 Scientist (Wiessenschaftliecher Angeschtelter) Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Freiburg University, Freiburg, GERMANY.
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
We have transferred technology for making “Genetically Engineered Vaccine against Anthrax” to M/s. Panacea Biotec Ltd., New Delhi at a total technology transfer fee of Rs. 2.00 crores and a royalty of 5% for 10 years.
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AGREEMENT BETWEEN JAWAHALAL NEHRU UNIVERSITY AND M/S PANACEA BIOTECH LTD. (THROUGH BCIL, NEW DELHI) SIGNED IN PRESENCE OF DR. MANJU SHARMA
New Anthrax Vaccine Developed in India
Pallava Bagla for National Geographic News November 6, 2001
The war against terrorism may have a new weapon. Indian scientists announced November 5 that they have developed a safer and cheaper anthrax vaccine.
The new vaccine is less toxic and longer lasting than the currently available vaccine, said its developers Rakesh Bhatnagar, chairman of the Center for Biotechnology at Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), and Yogendra Singh, a scientist at the Center for Biochemical Technology, New Delhi. Anthrax is an acute infectious disease caused by the spore-forming bacterium Bacillus anthracis. It occurs commonly among cattle, sheep, goats, camels, and other herbivores but it can also occur in humans when they are exposed to infected animals or tissue from infected animals. It has recently become a weapon in the arsenal of terrorists.
"Four people have died from anthrax infections in the United States over the past several weeks, and in some of these cases, bioterrorism-quality anthrax has been the cause," said Elaine Fuchs, a molecular geneticist at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute in Chicago and president of the American Society of Cell Biology (ASCB). The human anthrax vaccine on the market today was developed at the behest of the Pentagon, and is only available for use by American troops. The current vaccine requires 18 months to take effect and can have toxic side effects. Many soldiers have opted to face disciplinary action rather than subject themselves to the six-course dose.
"The new research by Dr. Bhatnagar is extremely promising, precisely because his newly-engineered anthrax proteins might avoid the side-effects that plagued the previous vaccine," said Katherine Wilson, a biologist at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore. Bhatnagar's work was scheduled to be released at the ASCB annual conference in December. The association decided to break its long tradition of keeping the contents of research papers secret until they have been presented because of the vaccine's potential impact on public health.
Developing a Vaccine The vaccine is the result of seven years of work, funded in part by the Indian Department of Biotechnology. Led by Bhatnagar, the research team created harmless mutant forms of the three key proteins that together make anthrax fatal. The genes for the mutated proteins were introduced into host organisms, where they reproduced. The mutant proteins were then purified to ensure that reactivity and side effects of the vaccine were minimized.
Once the researchers were confident that they could reproduce the protective antigens on a laboratory scale, Bhatnagar's team took the production to near-industrial scale. A five-liter capacity fermenter can now produce approximately five grams of protective antigen per liter, said Bhatnagar. One gram of the antigen can supply millions of vaccine shots.
The genetically engineered anthrax antigen can also be modified to create an anthrax vaccine for use in livestock.
Moving Toward Commercialization The vaccine will soon undergo toxicity testing, followed by human trials. While there are many hurdles still to be overcome, the Indian team is optimistic that the new vaccine will stand the scrutiny.
India's science minister Murli Manohar Joshi, told a crowded press conference Monday that India is fast-tracking the regulatory procedure and hopes to have the vaccine available in six to nine months to ensure that the "masses get the much needed vaccine on time."
Panacea Biotech, an Indian biotechnology company, has purchased the anthrax vaccine technology and will produce the vaccine commercially.
"If all goes on schedule we hope to market the new anthrax vaccine worldwide in the next six to nine months at a very nominal price," said Rajesh Jain, director of Panacea Biotech. The final pricing will be worked out once the product goes through regulatory clearance, he said.
"Given the urgent and unexpected need for new and improved methods of treating and preventing anthrax infections, research on anthrax vaccines has surfaced to the forefront of biomedical research in the world," said Fuchs. "Dr. Bhatnagar's research has the potential for contributing to these efforts."
© 1996-2008 National Geographic Society. All rights reserved.
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2001/11/1105_anthraxvaccine.html
ICMR AWARD GIVEN BY Ms. SUSHMA SWARAJ
PRESIDENT’S AWARD FOR BEST INNOVATION (2016), CONFERRED BY SHRI PRANAB MUKHERJEE, PRESIDENT OF INDIA.
Created a BSL-3 (Bio-Safety Laboratory level-3) for the first time in a University.
AWARDS/FELLOWSHIPS/ RECOGNITIONS/ACHIEVEMENTS:
President’s Award for Innovation (2016), conferred by the President of India.
Fellow, Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi, India.
J.C. Bose National Fellow, New Delhi, India.
Fellow, National Academy of Sciences, Allahabad, India.
Fellow, Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore, India.
Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) award for outstanding research work in the field of Immunology (Development of recombinant anthrax vaccine) for the year 2001, received on 14th Dec. 2003.
Ranked 7th among the top ten eminent researchers publishing commendable research papers on anthrax. (Open source Global Anthrax Research Literature 2006)
All India Biotech Association Award 2001-2002, in recognition of achievements in Promotion of Biotechnology, In the Area of Biotechnology for Health Care.
CONSULTANCY: In addition to teaching and research, I have been providing consultancy to Biotechnology/ Pharmaceutical industry during the last fifteen years.
REFERENCES:
Prof. Yogendra Alagh Dr. Art Friedlander Former Vice Chancellor USAMRIID, Fredrick MD, USA Minister of Science & Technology &Section [email protected] Former Chancellor Nagaland University [email protected]
Prof. Sudhir Kumar Sopory Dr. Stephen Leppla Former Vice Chancellor Chief, Microbial Pathogenesis, Jawaharlal Nehru University Building 33, Room 1W20B4 New Delhi – 110067 33 North Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892 [email protected] [email protected]
Prof. N.K. Ganguly Prof. Karl Decker Former Director General Professor Emeritus Indian Council of Medical Research Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology New Delhi – 110 067 Freiburg University, Germany [email protected] [email protected]
Prof (Dr) Seyed E. Hasnain Vice Chancellor Jamai Humdard University, New Delhi [email protected] [email protected]
REFERENCEReferences No. of Research Scholars (Ph.D) successfully guided:
Awarded / S. Main Guide or Name of scholar Affiliated University/ Institute Under No. Co-Guide guidance 1 Uttam Garg PGI Chandigarh Awarded Main Guide 2 Deotosh Kr Surendra Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide Singh 3 Adhuna Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 4 Puran Singh Sijwali Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 5 Pankaj Gupta Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 6 Smriti Batra Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 7 Vibha Chauhan Jawaharlal Nehru 8University Awarded Main Guide 8 Aparna Singh Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 9 Sharik Rahil Khan Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 10 Syed Mohseen Waheed Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 11 Praveen Kumar Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 12 Samer Singh Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 13 Md. Azhar Aziz Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 14 Puneet Khandelwal Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 15 A.Krishnanachari Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 16 Subhash Chandra Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 17 Megha Gupta Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 18 Sheeba Alam Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 19 Mohan Joshi Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 20 Suchi Midha Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 21 Jitendra Singh Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 22 Manpreet Kaur Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 23 Jyotsana Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 24 Parul Kulshrestha Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 25 Kanchan Sinha Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 26 Divya Goe Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 27 Manish Mishra Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 28 Preeti Singh Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 29 Gurudutta Panda Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 30 Shashikala Verma Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide
31 Rajni Garg Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 32 Deeksha Tripathi Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 33 Alisha dhiman Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 34 Vikas Somani Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 35 Somya Aggarwal Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 36 Damini Singh Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 37 Neha Chaudhary Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 38 Jaishree Garhyan Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 39 Monisha Gopalani Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 40 Akanksha Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 41 Amit Rahi Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 42 Divya Khandari Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 43 Himanshu Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 44 Surender Mohan Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 45 Anshu Malik Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 46 Sonal Gupta Jawaharlal Nehru University Awarded Main Guide 47 Mohit Mishra Jawaharlal Nehru University Under guidance Main Guide 48 Vatika Gupta MDU University, Rohtak Awarded Co Guide 49 Shikha Joon Netaji Subhas Institute of Awarded Co Guide Technology 50 Hemant Joshi Jawaharlal Nehru University Under guidance Co Guide 51 Manish Gupta ICGEB Awarded Co Guide 52 Harish Kumar ICGEB Awarded Co Guide 53 Shashi Kant ICGEB Awarded Co Guide
RESEARCH PROJECTS–
ON-GOING Sl. Organization’s Name of project Duration of Amount name project of Grant (in lakhs) 1 Department of Study of in-depth genetic heterogeneity * 2019-2022 300.00 Biotechnology with respect to resistome and compensatory adaption of MDR Mtb *Project clinical strains inside BM- Mesenchymal sanctioned. stem cells circulating in the North- East Grant yet to be Region received
2 Department of Upgradation of BSL-3, for studying 2017-2020 314.679 Biotechnology dangerous pathogens with special references to Bacillus anthracis as well as to provide BSL-3 Facility to NER institutions and training of researchers of this region
3 Department of J.C. Bose Fellowship 2016-2021 95.00 Science Technology 4 UPOE-II Understanding Physiology of B. 2014-2019 11.00 anthracis using a genomics, proteomics and system Biology approach 5 Indian Council of Design and Evaluation of Inhibitors 2015-2018 59.00 Medical Research Abrogating Surface Bound Mycobacterium tuberculosis a Enolase Interaction with Extracellular Matrix Proteins for Tuberculosis Control 6 Department of Development of recombinant Omp25 2014-2018 103.00 Biotechnology based vaccine against Brucellosis for Human. COMPLETED 7 Indian Council of Development of Nano particulate anti 2015-2017 20.00 Medical Research tubercular Drug delivery system for macrophage receptor specific targeting through oral and respiratory route: Phase I study. 8 Department of Operation and Maintenance of P3 2012-2017 114.7 Biotechnology Facility (BSL3) for studying dangerous pathogens with special reference to anthrax causing pathogens Bacillus anthracis- [11547]”
9 Indian Council of Role of multifunctional plasminogen 2012-2017 61.05 Medical Research biding glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase of bacillus anthracis.
10 Department of Characterization and adjuvant 2012-2016 47.32 Biotechnology potential of Poly-a- L-Glutamine of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. 11 Indian Council of Development of novel antibiotics of 2012-2015 28.97 Medical Research control infectious disease in pathogenic bacteria through induction of programmed cell death. 12 DST in Development of Diagnostic Kit for 2011-2014 316.946 collaboration with M/s. detection of Mycobacterium (219.342+ Lal Path Labs Pvt. Ltd. tuberculosis complex & 97.604) Mycobacterial species (by whole genome sequencing). 13 Department of Identification and Characterization of 2010-2014 54.104 Biotechnology immunodominant B. Cell Epitopes, that confer protective Immunity against Anthrax. 14 Department of Development of transgenic 2010-2013 34.70 Science and Technology BrassicaJuncea expressing normal and mutated edema factor gene for the development of vaccine against anthrax 15 Council of Role of Heat Shock Protein as 2011-2014 29.84 Scientific Industrial immunodulators and their role in Research immunity against Bacillus anthracis infection. 16 DST in Rabies DNA Vaccine: Bioprocess 2009-2013 223.92 collaboration with optimization & immunogenecity (128.94 Parental Biotech Ltd. studies. +94.98) 17 Indian Council of Cloning expression and molecular 2009-2012 15.34 Medical Research characterization of alanine racemase of Bacillus anthracis. 18 Indian Council of Genome wide reconstruction and 2009- 2011 20.71 Medical Research analysis of Bacillus anthracis (Indo-German) metabolic network and its transcriptional regulation 19 DST in Development of a bispecific single 2008-2011 177.454 collaboration with chain antibody neutralizing edema (159.502 Arbro Pharmaceuticals toxin and lethal toxin of anthrax + 17.952) Ltd. 20 Department of Creation of P3 facility for studying 2007-2011 290.00 Biotechnology dangerous pathogens with special reference to anthrax causing pathogen Bacillus anthracis 21 Indian Council of Characterization of DNA Gyrase from 2008-2011 27.00 Medical Research Bacillus anthracis: A potential target for new drugs
22 Department of Development of Mycobacterial 2006-2010 78.43 Biotechnology Antigen Delivery System using Anthrax adenylatecyclase
23 Indian Council of Production of recombinant vaccine 2006-2009 24.03 Medical Research against anthrax using yeast expression system 24 Council of Creation of Catalytically Inactive 2006-2009 14.00 scientific variants of edema factor and lethal Industrial Research factor from B. anthracis and its Application in vaccine Development against anthrax 25 Indian Council of Development of Mycobacterial 2006-2009 20.00 Medical Research Antigen Delivery System using Anthrax Toxin components 26 Indian Council of Therapeutic intervention of anthrax : 2006-2009 23.44 Medical Research A molecular Medicine approach 27 Department of Development of DNA vaccine against 2005-2009 68.21 Biotechnology rabies using targeted vectors for veterinary use (project with Dr. Anant Rai, IVRI, Izatnagar) 28 Indian Council of Search for eco-friendly bio- 2005-2008 43.83 Agriculture Research insecticides from Xenorhabdusnematophila and its applications in aquaculture-a molecular approach 29 Department of Programmed cell death in pathogenic 2005-2008 51.66 Biotechnology bacteria:- potential for developing novel antibiotics to control infectious diseases 30 Department of Generation of Non-toxic Lethal Factor 2002-2005 35.09 Biotechnology and Edema Factor for the development of improved vaccine against Anthrax. 31 Ministry of Search for Novel bioinsecticides from 2002-2005 17.93 Environment &Forest, Xenorhabdusnematophilus GOI 32 UGC under New strategies to control Anthrax– 2002-2005 15.00 University Mapping of the lethal factor binding Of Excellence domain of Protective Antigen of Programme anthrax toxin. 33 NATP-World Transgenic plants as a source of 2000-2003 46.20 Bank edible vaccine against anthrax. 34 Department of Production of thermostable protective 1999-2002 18.71 Biotechnology antigen of Bacillus anthracis: Computational and genetic engineering approach. 35 Department of Generation of non-toxic Protective 1998-2002 45.20 Biotechnology antigen molecules for development of recombinant anthrax vaccine. 36 Department of Cloning and Expression of non-toxic 1995-1999 55.00 Biotechnology variant of protective antigen for developing recombinant vaccine against anthrax. 37 DRDE Cloning and expression of lethal 1993-1995 12.0
factor gene of B. anthracis
38 DRDE Overexpression of protective antigen 1991-1993 8.0 gene of B. anthracis 39 Department of Major Basic proteins from 1995-1997 8.0 Atomic Energy Eisonophils 40 Indian Council of Cloning and expression of dextran 1990-1993 5.0 Medical Research sucrose gene from leuconostocmesenteroides GRAND TOTAL 882.679+2051.784 2934.463
PATENTS:
S.No. Submitted Patent Title Pending Awarded Award
( INDIAN)
1 Generation and functional characterization of anti-Mtb Enolase monoclonal antibody Amit Rahi, Alisha Dhiman, Damini Singh, Submitted Priyanka, Jaishree Garhyan, Rakesh Bhatnagar.(2017) 2 Poly L-glutamines adjuvants isolated from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv cell wall. Manish Gupta, Rajesh Mani, Nirupama Banerjee, Submitted Rakesh Bhatnagar, Ravi Tandon.(2017) 3 A novel anthrax vaccine comprising LF-PA chimera Somya Aggarwal, Submitted Vikas Kumar Somani, Sonal Gupta & Rakesh Bhatnagar (2017) 4 1,3,6-Trigalloyl-β-D-Glucose and Quercitin Dihydrate: The Novel and Potential Therapeutic Compounds Against Anthrax. Vikas Kumar Submitted Somani*1, Somya Aggarwal*1, Sukriti Goyal2, Abhinav Grover2 & Rakesh Bhatnagar (2017) 5 Hedgehog functionalized nanoparticles. Samer Singh, Rakesh Bhatnagar. Submitted (2012) 6 A novel bispecific monoclonal antibody capable of cross reacting with the lethal factor(LF) and edema factor(EF) and neutralizing edema Submitted toxin(ET) as well as lethal toxin(LT) of Bacillus anthracis. Parul Kulshreshtha, Rakesh Bhatnagar(2010) 7 A Pharmaceutical Composition of Vaccine against Rabies which Comprises of DNA Vaccine based on Glycoprotein Gene of Rabies Virus Conjugated to LAMP-1 Signal Sequence of the C-Terminus and an Submitted Adjuvant and Method of its Preparation thereof. Manpreet Kaur, Anant Rai, Rakesh Bhatnagar (2008)
8 DNA Vaccine against Anthrax. Shuchi Midha, Rakesh Bhatnagar. Submitted (2007) 9 Insecticidal XnGroEL protein of xenorhabdus nematophila. Mohan Chandra Joshi, Nirupama Bannerjee, Rakesh Bhatnagar (2007) Submitted
10 A process for constitutively preparing anthrax protective antigen. Waheed Mohsin, Vibha Chauhan, Rakesh Bhatnagar (2001) Granted
11 An Anthrax Protective Antigen. Pankaj Gupta, Rakesh Bhatnagar (2002) Granted
12 Transformation of an Edible Crop with paga Gene of Bacillus anthracis. Submitted
M. A. Aziz, Rakesh Bhatnagar (2005) 13 An immunodominant B cell epitope based protein vaccine against Submitted
Anthrax.Manpreet Kaur, Hema Chug, Rakesh Bhatnagar (2008).
PCT
1 A Pharmaceutical Composition of Vaccine against Rabies which Comprises of DNA Vaccine based on Glycoprotein Gene of Rabies Virus Conjugated to LAMP-1 Signal Sequence of the C-Terminus and an Granted Adjuvant and Method of its Preparation thereof. Manpreet Kaur, Anant Rai, Rakesh Bhatnagar (2008) 2 DNA Vaccine against Anthrax. Shuchi Midha, Rakesh Bhatnagar. Submitted (2008)
3 Insecticidal XnGroEL protein of xenorhabdus nematophila. Mohan Submitted Chandra Joshi, Nirupama Bannerjee, Rakesh Bhatnagar (2008)
4 A Process for the Preparation of Non-Toxic Anthrax Vaccine. Vibha Chauhan, Rakesh Bhatnagar (2001) Granted
5 A process for constitutively preparing anthrax protective antigen. Waheed Mohsin, Vibha Chauhan, Rakesh Bhatnagar (2001) Granted
6 High Level Constitutive Production of Anthrax Protective Antigen. Granted Europe. Waheed Mohsin, Vibha Chauhan, Rakesh Bhatnagar 7 Submitted An immunodominant B cell epitope based protein vaccine against
Anthrax.Manpreet Kaur, Hema Chug, Rakesh Bhatnagar (2009).
INTERNATIONAL
1 High Level Constitutive Production of Anthrax Protective Antigen. Granted Europe. Waheed Mohsin, Vibha Chauhan, Rakesh Bhatnagar. (US Patent, 2001) 2 High Level Constitutive Production of Anthrax Protective Antigen. Granted USA. Waheed Mohsin, Vibha Chauhan, Rakesh Bhatnagar. (European Patent, 2001)
3 A Process for the Preparation of Non-Toxic Anthrax Vaccine. USA. Granted Pankaj Gupta, Vibha Chauhan, Praveen Kumar, Nidhi Ahuja, Smriti Batra, Aparna Singh, Rakesh Bhatnagar. (US Patent, 2002).
4 A Process for the Preparation of Non-Toxic Anthrax Vaccine. Europe. Granted Pankaj Gupta, Vibha Chauhan, Praveen Kumar, Nidhi Ahuja, Smriti Batra, Aparna Singh, Rakesh Bhatnagar. (European Patent, 2002). 5 A Novel Bispecific Antibody capable of cross reacting into lethal factor Submitted (LF) and edema factor (EF) and neutralizing edema toxin (ET) as well as lethal toxin (LT) of Bacillus anthracis. USA. Parul Kulshrestha &
Rakesh Bhatnagar (US Patent, 2010)
RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS
175. Gogoi, H., Mani, R., Aggarwal, S., Malik, A., Munde, M. and Bhatnagar, R. (2019) Crystalline and amorphous preparation of aluminum hydroxide nanoparticles enhances protective antigen domain 4 specific immunogenicity and provides protection against anthrax Int. J. Nanomedicine. (Accepted)
174. Joshi, H., Malik, A., Aggarwal, S., Munde, M., Maitra, S. S., Adlakha, N. and Bhatnagar, R. (2019) In-vitro detection of phytopathogenic fungal cell wall by polyclonal sera raised against Trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles. Int. J. Nanomedicine. (Accepted)
173. Garhyan, J, Das, B. and Bhatnagar, R. (2019). Mesenchymal stem cells: A hidden arsenal for Mtb persistence, resuscitation and reactivation. In : Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Molecular Infection Biology, Pathogenesis, Diagnostics and new Interventions. Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. (In Press)
172. Garg, R., Mani, R., Gupta, M., Tripathi, D., Chandra, H., Bhatnagar, R. and Banerjee, N. (2019). Importance of cell wall-associated Poly-α-Lglutamine in the biology of pathogenic mycobacteria. In: Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Molecular Infection Biology, Pathogenesis, Diagnostics and new Interventions. Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. (In Press)
171. Mohan, S., Rangappa, S., Fuchs, J.E., Bender, A. and Bhatnagar, R. (2019). Sulfated ceria catalyzed synthesis of imidazopyridines and their implementation as DNA minor groove binders. Chem..biodivers. doi:10.1002/cbdv.201800435
170. Malik, A., Gupta, M., Mani, R. and Bhatnagar, R. (2019) Single dose Ag85B-ESAT-6 loaded PLGA nanoparticles confer protective immunity against tuberculosis. Int. J. Nanomedicine 14: 3129-3143
169. Majumder, S., Das, S., Somani, V., Makam, S.S., Kingston, J.J. and Bhatnagar, R.(2019). A bivalent protein r-PAbxpB comprising PA domain IV and exosporium protein BxpB confers protection against B. anthracis spores and toxin Front. Immunol. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00498
168. Aggarwal, S., Somani, V., Gupta, S., Garg, R. and Bhatnagar, R., (2019) Development of a novel multiepitope chimeric vaccine against anthrax. Med. Micro. Immunology. DOI: 10.1007/s00430-019-00577-x
167. Kandari, D., Gopalani, M., Gupta, M., Joshi, H. and Bhatnagar, R. (2019) Identification, Functional Characterization, and Regulon Prediction of the Zinc Uptake Regulator (zur) of Bacillus anthracis – An Insight Into the Zinc Homeostasis of the Pathogen. Front. Micorbiol. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03314
166. Nayak, P.S., Boorah, S.M., Gogoi, H., Asthana, S., Bhatnagar, R., Jha, A.N. and Jha, S. (2019) Lactoferrin adsorption onto silver nanoparticle interface: Implications of corona on protein conformation, nanoparticle cytotoxicity and the formulation adjuvanticity. J. Chem. Engg. DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2018.12.084
165. Singh, D., Rahi, A., Kumari, R., Gupta, V., Gautam, G., Aggarwal, S., Rehan, M. and Bhatnagar, R. (2019). Computational and mutational analysis of TatDDNase of Bacillus anthracis. J. Cell Biochem. DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28408.
164. Mani R, Gupta M, Malik A, Tandon R, Prasad R, Bhatnagar R, Banerjee N.(2018) Adjuvant Potential of Poly-α-L- glutamine from Cell Wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infect Immun. Doi: 10.1128/IAI.00537-18.
163. Kant, N., Kulshreshtha, P., Singh, R., Mal, A., Dwivedi, A., Ahuja, R., Mehra, R., Tehlan, M., Ahmed, P., Kaushik, S., Shipra, Kumar, S., Mohammed, A., Shukla, S., Singh, D. and Bhatnagar, R. (2018). A study to identify the practices of the buffalo keepers which inadvertently lead to the spread of brucellosis in Delhi. BMC Veterinary Research 14(1) DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1670-2
162. Malik A.,Bhatnagar, R. (2018). Novel application of Trimethyl chitosan as an adjuvant in vaccine delivery. Int. J. Nanomedicine 13 : 7959—7970.
161. Gogoi, H., Mani, R. and Bhatnagar, R. (2018). A niosome formulation modulates the Th1/Th2 bias immune response in mice and also provides protection against anthrax spore challenge .Int. J. Nanomedicine13: 7427–7440.
160. Majumder, S., Das, S., Somani, V., Makam, S.S., Kingston J. J., Bhatnagar, R. (2018) A bivalent protein r-PB, comprising PA and Bcl Aimmunodominant regions for comprehensive protection against Bacillus anthracis. Scientific Reports. 8:7242 .
159. Malik A., Gupta, M., Mani, R., Gogoi, H. and Bhatnagar, R. (2018). Trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles encapsulated protective antigen protects the mice against anthrax. Front. Immunol. 1(562): 1-12.
158. Gupta, V., Jain, K., Garg, R., Malik, A., Gulati, P. and Bhatnagar, R..(2018) Characterization of a two component system, Bas1213-1214, important for oxidative stress in Bacillus anthracis.J Cell Biochem., 1:14
157. Rahi, A., Dhiman, A., Singh, D., Lynn, A.M., Rehan, M., and Bhatnagar, R. (2018) Exploring the interaction between Mycobacterium tuberculosis Enolase and human plasminogen using computational methods and experimental techniques. J Cell Biochem. 119(2):2408-2417
156. Pasari, N., Adlakha, N., Gupta, M., Bashir, Z., Rajacharya, G.,Verma, G., Munde, M., Bhatnagar, R. and Yazdani S.S. (2017). Impact of Module-X2 and Carbohydrate Binding Module-3 on the catalytic activity of associated glycoside hydrolases towards plant biomass. Scientific reports. 16-43246C
155. Manish, M. and Bhatnagar, R. (2017) Antibody Response is Differentially Influenced by PLGA-PAD4 Particle Characteristics. Int. J. Infact. 4(4):e15594.
154. Gayan, S., Mokhtari, R.B., Pal, B., Sarma, A., Talkundar, J., Sandhya, S., Bhuyan, R., Bhuyan, S., Garhyan, J., Baishya, D., Kataki, A., Bhatnagar, R.,Yeger, H. and das, B. (2017). MYC and HIF-2alpha mediates resistance to Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) antagonism in oral squamous carcinoma cells. Cancer Research 77(13):2056- 2056
153. Joon, S., Gopalani, M., Rahi, A., Kulshreshtha, P., Gogoi, H., Bhatnagar, S and Bhatnagar, R.(2017) Biochemical characterization of the GTP sensing protein, CodY of Bacillus anthracis. Pathogens and Disease., 75(4): 1-9
152. Gupta, V., Chaudhary, N., Aggarwal, S., Gulati, P. and Bhatnagar, R. (2017) Functional analysis of BAS2108-2109 two component system: evidence for protease regulation in Bacillus anthracis. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 89: 71-84
151. Garg, R., Kaur, M., Saxena, A., Prasad, R. and Bhatnagar, R. (2017). Alum adjuvanted rabies DNA vaccine confers 80% protection against lethal 50 LD50 rabies challenge virus standard strain. Mole.Immunol. 85:166-173.
150. Nagar, S.D., Aggarwal, B., Joon, S., Bhatnagar, R. and Bhatnagar, S. (2016). A Network Biology Approach to Decipher Stress Response in Bacteria Using Escherichia coli As a Model. Omics: a journal of integrative biology. 20 (5): 310-324.
149. Dhiman A, Rahi, A., Gopalani, M., Bajpai, S. Bhatnagar, S. and Bhatnagar, R. (2016). Role of the Recognition Helix of Response Regulator WalR from Bacillus anthracis in DNA Binding and Specificity. Int J Biol Macromol . 96:257-264
148. Panda, G. and Bhatnagar, R. (2016). Recent advances in anthrax pathophysiology, prophylaxis and treatment ; Eds. A.Datta and V.P.Sharma, pp. 280-291.
147. Aggarwal, S., Somani, V.K., Gupta, V., Kaur, J., Singh, D., Graver, A. and Bhatnagar, R. (2016). Functional Characteriazation of PhoPR two component system and its implication in regulating phosphate homeostasis in bacillus anthracis. Biochim Biophys Acta 1861:2956-2970.
146. Rahi A, Matta SK, Dhiman A, Garhyan J, Gopalani M, Chandra S, Bhatnagar, R.(2016) Enolase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a surface exposed plasminogen binding protein. Biochim Biophys Acta.1861:3355-3364.
145 Gopalani M, Dhiman A, Rahi A, Kandari D, Bhatnagar R.(2016). Identification, Functional Characterization and Regulon Prediction of a Novel Two Component System Comprising BAS0540-BAS0541 of Bacillus anthracis. PLoSOne. 11(7):e0158895. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158895.
144. Gupta M, Nayyar N, Chawla M, Sitaraman R, Bhatnagar, R. and Banerjee N (2016) The Chromosomal parDE2 Toxin–Antitoxin System of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv: Genetic and Functional Characterization. Front. Microbiol. 7:886. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00886.
143. Chaudhary N, Tøndel K, and Bhatnagar, R, Martins Dos Santos VA, Puchałka J. (2016). Characterizing the optimal flux space of genome-scale metabolic reconstructions through modified latin-hypercube sampling .Mol Biosyst. 23;12(3):994-1005.
142 Somani VK, Aggarwal S, Singh D, Prasad T, and Bhatnagar R. (2016). Identification of novel raft marker protein, FlotP in Bacillus anthracis. Front. Microbiol. 169(7): 1-18.
141. Newly identified motifs in Candida albicans Cdr1 protein nucleotide binding domains are pleiotropic drug resistance subfamily-specific and functionally asymmetric (2016)
Manpreet Rawal, Atanu Banerjee, Abdul Shah, Mohammad Firoz Khan, Sobhan Sen, Ajay Kumar Saxena, Brian Monk, Richard D. Cannon, Rakesh Bhatnagar, Alok Kumar Mondal, and Rajendra Prasad. Scientific Reports. 6:27132
140. Manish M, Bhatnagar R and Singh S. (2016). Preparation and Characterization of PLGA Encapsulated Protective Antigen Domain 4 Nanofor mulation. Methods. Mol Biol. 1404:669-81.
139. Garhyan J, Bhuyan S, Pulu I, Kalita D, Das B and Bhatnagar R. (2015). Preclinical and clinical evidence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence in the hypoxic niche of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells after therapy.Am J Pathol.185(7): 1924-34.
138. Panda, G, Tanwer, P, Ansari, S, Khare, D. and Bhatnagar, R. (2015). Regulation and RNA binding properties of Hfq-like RNA chaperones in Bacillus anthracis, Biochimic Biophysic Acta. 1850(9): 1661-8.
137. Aggarwal, S, Somani VK, Bhatnagar, R. (2015). Phosphate starvation enhances the pathogenesis of Bacillus anthracis. Int. J. Med. Microbiol. 305(6): 523-31.
136. Singh, D, Goel D, Bhatnagar R.(2015).Recombinant L7/L12 protein entrapping PLGA (Poly lactide-co-glycolide) micro particles protect BALB/c mice against the virulent B. abortus 544 infection. Vaccine. 33(24): 2786-92.
135. Singh D, Somani VK, Aggarwal S, Bhatnagar, R.. (2015). PLGA (85:15) nanoparticle based delivery of rL7/L12 ribosomal protein in mice protects against Brucellaabortus 544 infection: A promising alternate to traditional adjuvants. Mol. Immunol. 68(2):272-279.
134. Kulshreshtha P, Tiwari A, Priyanka, Joon S, Sinha S, Bhatnagar R. (2015). Investigation of a panel of monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal sera against anthrax toxins resulted in identification of an anti-lethal factor antibody with disease-enhancing characteristics.Mol. Immunol. 68(2):185-193.
133. Gopalani M, Dhiman A, Rahi A, Bhatnagar R. (2015).Overexpression of the Pleiotropic Regulator CodY Decreases Sporulation, Attachment and Pellicle Formation in Bacillus anthracis.Biochem. Biophys Res Commun. 469 (3):672-8
132. Dhiman A, Gopalani M, Bhatnagar R. (2015). WalRK two component system of Bacillus anthracis responds to temperature and antibiotic stress.Biochem. Biophys Res Commun;459 (4);623-8.
131. Tripathi D, Kant S, Garg R, Bhatnagar R (2015).Low expression level of glnA1 accounts for absence of cell wall associated poly-L-glutamate/glutamine in Mycobacterium smegmatis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun458(2);240-5.
130 Aggarwal S., Somani,V. K. and Bhatnagar, R. (2015).Phosphate starvation enhances the pathogenesis of Bacillus anthracis Int. J. Med. Microbiol. 305(6):523-31.
129. Chaudhary P, SinghS, Bhatnagar R, Sarin NB and Farhat S.(2014). Basic Expression of Edema Factor Gene (cya) from Bacillus anthracis in Model Plant Tobacco .P.1143-1148.
128. Kaur M, Garg R, Singh S, Bhatnagar R. (2014). Rabies vaccines: where do we stand, where are we heading? Expert Rev Vaccines;28: 1-13.
127. Garg R, Tripathi D, KantS, Chandra H, Bhatnagar R, Banerjee N.(2014).Conserved Hypothetical Protein Rv0574c Is Required for Cell Wall Integrity, Stress Tolerance and Virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infect Immun83(1): 120– 129
126. Verma S, Bhatnagar R. (2014). MoxT toxin of Bacillus anthracis exhibits sequence specific ribonuclease activity Biochem Biophys Res Commun450(2);998-1004. 125. Garg R, Kaur M, Bhatnagar R. (2014). DNA vaccination for Rabies: Evaluation of Preclinical Safety and Toxicology. Trials in Vaccinology;3: 73–80
124. Verma S, Kumar S,Gupta VP, Gourinath, S, Bhatnagar S, Bhatnagar R. (2014) Structural basis of Bacillus anthracisMoxXT disruption and the modulation of MoxTribonuclease activity by rationally designed peptides. J. Biomol. Struct.Dyn33(3);606-24.
123. Gorantala J, Grover S, Rahi A, Chaudhary P, Rajwanshi R, Sarin NB, Bhatnagar R. (2014). Generation of Protective immune response against anthrax by oral immunization with protective antigen plant based vaccine. J. Biotechnol.176:1-10.
122. Dhiman, A, Bhatnagar S, KulshreshthaP,Bhatnagar, R. (2014). Functional Characterization of WalRK: a Two Component Signal Transduction System from Bacillus anthracis.FEBS Open Bio4: 65–76.
121 .Panda, G, Basak, T, Tanwer, P, Sengupta, S, Vitor, A.P. M Santos,Bhatnagar, R. (2014).Delineating the Effect of Host Environmental Signals on a Fully Virulent Strain of Bacillus anthracis usingan Integrated Transcriptomics and Proteomics Approach.J. Proteom.105;242-65.
120. Chopra, N, Pathak,S.A.andBhatnagar, S.Bhatnagar, R. (2013).Linkage, Mobility and Selfishness in the MazF Family of Bacterial Toxins: A Snapshot of Bacterial Evolution. Genome Biol. Evol5(12): 2268-2284.
119. Kaur M, Singh S, Bhatnagar R. (2013). Anthrax vaccines: present status and future prospects.Expert Rev Vaccines12(8):955-70.
118. Tripathi D, Chandra H,Bhatnagar R.(2013).Poly-L-glutamate/glutamine synthesis in the cell wall of Mycobacterium bovis is regulated in response to nitrogen availability. BMC Microbiology; 13: 226.
117. ManishM, RahiA, KaurM, SinghS.BhatnagarR.(2013).A Single-Dose PLGA Encapsulated Protective Antigen Domain 4 Nanoformulation Protects Mice against Bacillus anthracis Spore Challenge. PloS One; 8 (4): e61885
116. Goel D, Rajendran V, Ghosh PC andBhatnagar R. (2013). Cell mediated immune response after challenge in Omp25 liposome immunized mice contributes to protection against virulent Brucellaabortus 544. Vaccine; 31 (8): 1231-1237
115. Sinha K and Bhatnagar, R. (2013). Recombinant GroEL enhances protective antigen- mediated protection against Bacillus anthracis spore challenge. Medical Microbiology and Immunology; 202(2): 153-65
114. Goel D andBhatnagar R. (2012). Intradermal immunization with outer membrane protein 25 protects Balb/c mice from virulent B. abortus 544. MolImmunol.51(2):159-68
113. Kulshreshtha, P,Aggarwal,S., Jaiswal,H. andBhatnagar, R. (2012) S-layer homology motif is an immunogen and confers protection to mouse model against anthrax. Mol. Immunol.50(1-2):18-25.
112. Kaur M., Bhatnagar R. (2011). Recent Progress in development of anthrax vaccines.Recent Patents on Biotechnology5(3):148-159.
111. Gorantala J, Grover S, Goel D, Rahi A, Chandra S, Bhatnagar R. (2011). A plant based protective antigen [PA(dIV)] vaccine expressed in chloroplasts demonstrates protective immunity in mice against anthrax. Vaccine; 29(27):4521-33.
110. Rahi A., Rehan M., Garg R, Tripathi D., Lynn A.M., and Bhatnagar R. (2011). Enzymatic characterization of Catalase from Bacillus anthracis and prediction of critical residues using information theoretic measure of Relative Entropy. Biochem.Biophys. Res. Commun.; 411(1):88-95.
109. Kulshreshtha P. and Bhatnagar R. (2011). Inhibition of anthrax toxins with a bispecific monoclonal antibody that cross reacts with edema factor as well as lethal factor of Bacillusanthracis. Mol.Immunol.48(15-16):1958-65.
108. Chopra, N., Agarwal, S., Verma, S., Bhatnagar, S., Bhatnagar R. (2011).Modeling of the structure and interactions of the B. anthracis antitoxin, MoxX: deletion mutant studies highlight its modular structure and repressor function. J Comput Aided Mol Des; 25:275– 291.
107. Sinha, K. andBhatnagar,R.. (2010). GroEL provides protection against Bacillus anthracis infection in BALB/c mice Mol.Immunol. 48: 264-71
106. Matta S.K, Agarwal S, Bhatnagar R (2010).Surface localized and extracellular Glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate dehydrogenase of Bacillus anthracis is a plasminogen binding protein. Biochim.BiophysActa.; 1804(11):2111-2120
105. Agarwal S, Mishra N.K, Bhatnagar S. and Bhatnagar R. (2010).PemK Toxin of Bacillus anthracisis a Ribonucleasean insight into its active site, structure and function J.Biol.Chem;285:7254-7270.
104. Kaur M, Saxena A, Rai A. and BhatnagarR. (2010). Rabies DNA vaccine encoding lysosome targeted glycoprotein supplemented with EMULSIGEN D confers complete protection in pre-and post-exposure studies in BALB/c mice. FASEB J; 24:173-183 . 103. Chawla A. and Bhatnagar R. (2009). AnthraxVaccine.Adult Immunization; 1: 1-7.
102. Chawla A., Midha S. and BhatnagarR. (2009). Efficacy of recombinant anthrax vaccine against Bacillus anthracis aerosol spore challenge: Pre-clinical evaluation in Rabbits and Rhesus monkeys. Biotechnology Journal;4: 1-9.
101. Kaur M., Chug H., Singh H., Chandra S., Mishra M., Sharma M. and Bhatnagar R.(2009). Identification And Characterization of Immunodominant B-Cell Epitope of The C-Terminus of Protective Antigen of Bacillus anthracis. Mol.Immunol. 46:2107-2115.
100. Kaur M., Rai A. and Bhatnagar R. (2009). Rabies DNA vaccine: No impact of MHC Class I and Class II targeting sequences on immune response and protection against lethal challenge. Vaccine;27: 2128-2137.
99. Midha S. and Bhatnagar R. (2009). Genetic Immunization with GPI-anchored Anthrax Protective antigen raises combined CD1d- and MHC II-restricted Antibody Responses by Natural Killer T cell-mediated help. Vaccine; 27(11):1700-9
98. Midha S. and Bhatnagar R. (2009). Anthrax protective antigen administered by DNA vaccination to distinct subcellular locations potentiates humoral and cellular immune responses. European Journal of Immunology;39(1):159-77
97. Kanodia S., Agarwal S., Singh P., Agarwal S., Singh P., Bhatnagar R. (2009). Biochemical and functional characterization of alanine racemase spore protein of Bacillus anthracis. Biochem.Mol.Biol. Reports;42(1): 47-52.
96. Joshi M.C., Sharma A., Kant S., Birah A., Gupta G.P., Khan S.R., Bhatnagar R. and Banerjee N. (2008). An Insecticidal GroEL protein with chitin binding activity from Xenorhabdusnematophila.J.Biol.Chem.;283(42):28287-96.
95. Agarwal S., Kulshrestha P., Mukku D.B. and Bhatnagar R. (2008).-enolase binds to human plasminogen on the surface of Bacillus anthracis. Biochim.BiophysActa.; 1784:986-94
94. Gupta M., Alam S. and Bhatnagar R. (2007). Catalytically inactive anthrax toxin(s) are potential prophylactic agents. Vaccine;25: 8410-8419.
93. Chandra S, Kaur M, Midha S, Gorantala J. and Bhatnagar R. (2007). Induction of cytotoxic T lymphocyte response against Mycobacterial antigen using domain I of anthrax edema factor as antigen delivery system. Biochem.Biophys. Res. Commun;357:50-55.
92. Aziz M. A., Midha S., Waheed S. M. and Bhatnagar R. (2007). Oral vaccines: New needs, New Possibilities. BioEssays;29: 591-604.
91. Agarwal S., Agarwal S. and Bhatnagar R. (2007). Identification and Characterization of a Novel Toxin-Antitoxin Module from Bacillus anthracis.FEBS Letters; 581: 1727-34.
90. Chandra S., Kaur M., Midha S., Bhatnagar N. B. and Bhatnagar R. (2006).Evaluation of the ability of N-terminal fragment of lethal factor of Bacillus anthracis for delivery of Mycobacterium T-cell antigen ESAT-6 into cytosol of antigen presenting cells to elicit effective cytotoxic Tlymphocytes response. Biochem.Biophys. Res. Commun; 351: 702- 7.
89. Gupta M., Alam S. and Bhatnagar R. (2006). Kinetic characterization and ligand binding studies of His351 mutants of Bacillus anthracis denylatecyclase. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics; 446:28-34.
88. Alam S., Gupta M. and Bhatnagar R. (2006).Inhibition of platelet aggregation by anthrax edema toxin. Biochem.Biophys. Res. Commun.; 399:107-114.
87. Midha S., Mishra R., Aziz M. A., Sharma M., Mishra A., Khandelwal P. and Bhatnagar R. (2005). Cloning, Expression and Characterization of Recombinant Nitric Oxide Synthase-like protein from Bacillus anthracis.Biochem.Biophys. Res. Commun; 336: 346-356
86. Aziz M. A., Sikriwal D., Singh S., Jarugula S., Kumar A. and Bhatnagar R. (2005). Transformation of an edible crop with pagAgene of Bacillus anthracis.FASEB J;19:1501- 3
85. Singh S., Singh A., Aziz M. A., Waheed S. M., Bhat R. and Bhatnagar R. (2004).Thermalinactivation of Protective Antigen of B. anthracis and its prevention by polyosmolytes.Biochem.Biophys. Res. Commun;322:1029-1037.
84. Ahuja N, Kumar P. and Bhatnagar R. (2004). Adenylatecyclase toxins.Crit. Rev. Microbiol.; 30:187–196.
83. Singh J, Joshi M.C. and Bhatnagar R. (2004).Cloning and expression of mycobacterial glutamine synthetase gene in E. coli. Biochem.Biophys. Res. Commun.; 317:634-638.
82. Singh S, Aziz M. A, Khandelwal P, Bhat R. and Bhatnagar R. (2004). The osmoprotectants glycine and its methyl derivatives prevent the thermal inactivation of protective antigen of Bacillus anthracis. Biochem.Biophys. Res. Commun.; 316: 559– 564.
81. Khandelwal P, Bhatnagar R, Choudhury D. and Banerjee N. (2004). Characterization of a cytotoxic pilin subunit of Xenorhabdusnematophila.Biochem.Biophys. Res. Commun.; 314:943-949.
80. Chattopadhyay A, Bhatnagar R. and Bhatnagar N. (2004). Bacterial Insecticidal Toxins Crit.Rev. Microbiol.;30:33–54.
79. Ahuja N, Kumar P, Alam S., Gupta M. and Bhatnagar R. (2003).Deletion mutants of protective antigen that inhibit anthrax toxin both in vitro and in vivoBiochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.; 307: 446–450.
78. Aziz M.A, Singh S, Kumar A. P. and Bhatnagar R. (2002). Expression of protective antigen in transgenic plants: a step towards making edible vaccine against anthrax. Biochem.Biophys. Res. Commun.; 299:345-51.
77. Kumar P, Ahuja N. and Bhatnagar R. (2002). Anthrax edema toxin requires influx of calcium for inducing cAMP toxicity in target cells. Infect. Immun.; 70: 4997-5007.
76. Singh S, Ahuja N, Chauhan V, Rajasekaran E, Waheed S.M, Bhat R. and Bhatnagar R. (2002). Gln 277 and Phe 554 residues are involved in thermal inactivation of protective antigen of Bacillus anthracis.Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun;296:1058-1062.
75. Chauhan V. and Bhatnagar R. (2002). Identification of amino acid residues of Protective antigen involved in binding to Lethal factor Infect.Immun; 70:4477- 4484.
74. Singh A, Chauhan V, Sodhi A. and Bhatnagar R. (2002).Asp 187 and Phe 190 residues in lethal factor are required for the expression of anthrax lethal toxin activityFEMS Microbiology Letters; 212:183-6.
73. Singh A, Singh S, Waheed S. M, Khandelwal P. and Bhatnagar R. (2002). Expression of anthrax lethal factor gene by osmolyte induction FEMS Microbiology Letters; 209: 301- 5.
72. Ahuja N, Kumar P. and Bhatngar R. (2001). Hydrophobic residues Phe552, Phe554, Ile562, Leu566 and Ile574 are required for oligomerization of anthrax protective antigen. Biochem.Biophy. Res. Commum;287: 542-9.
71. Ahuja N, Kumar P. and Bhatnagar R. (2001). Rapid Purification of Recombinant Anthrax-Protective Antigen under Non-denaturing Conditions. Biochem.Biophys. Res. Commun.; 286:6-11.
70. Batra S. and Bhatnagar R (2001). Anthrax Toxin.Crit. Rev. Microbiol.; 27: 167-200.
69. Gupta P, Sahai V. and Bhatnagar R. (2001). Enhanced expression of the recombinant lethal factor of Bacillus anthracis by Fed-Batch culture.Biochem.Biophys. Res. Commun;285: 1025-1033.
68. Gupta P, Singh S, Tiwari A, Bhat R. and Bhatnagar R. (2001). Effect of pH on stability of Anthrax lethal factor: Correlation between denaturation and activity. Biochem.Biophy. Res. Commun; 284:568-73.
67. Chauhan V, Singh A, Waheed S. M, Singh S. and BhatnagarR.(2001). Constitutive Expression of Protective Antigen Gene of Bacillus anthracis in Escherichia coli.Biochem.Biophy. Res. Commun; 283: 308-315.
66. Kumar P, Ahuja N. and Bhatnagar R. (2001). Purification of Anthrax Edema Factor from Escherichia coli and identification of residues required for binding to Protective Antigen Infec. & Immun;69:6532-6.
65. Batra S, Gupta P, Chauhan V, Singh A. and Bhatnagar R. (2001).Trp 346 and Leu 352 residues in protective antigen are required for the expression of anthrax lethal toxin activity. Biochem.Biophy. Res. Commun;281:186-192.
64. Gupta P., Singh A, Chauhan V, and Bhatnagar R. (2001).Involvement of residues 147VYYEIGK153 in binding of Lethal factor to Protective antigen of Bacillusanthracis. Biochem.Biophy. Res. Commun; 280: 158-163.
63. Adhuna., Salotra P. and Bhatnagar R. (2000). Nitric oxide induced expression of stress proteins in virulent and avirulentpromastigotes of L.donovani.ImmunologyLetters;71:71- 176.
62. Gupta P, Waheed S.M. and Bhatnagar R. (1999). Expression and purification of the recombinant Protective antigen of Bacillusanthracis.Protein ExpressionandPurification;16: 369-376.
61. Bhatnagar R,Ahuja N, Goila R, Khetarpal S, Waheed S.M. and Gupta P. (1999). Activation of phospholipase C and protein kinase C is required for expression of anthrax lethal toxin cytotoxicity in J774A. 1 cells.CellularSignalling; 11: 111-116.
60. Gupta P, Khetarpal S, Chopra A.P, Singh Y, Bhatnagar R. (1998). Expression and Purification of the recombinant Lethal factor of Bacillusanthracis.InfecImmun; 66:862- 865.
59. Bhatnagar R, Dixit A. and Roy K.B. (1998).Biochemistry(Book) National Open School.
58. Salotra, P and Bhatnagar,R. (1998). Role of stress proteins in Leishmania.Chapter in book “Microbes: For Health, Wealth & Sustainable Environment”. Malhotra Publishing House, New Delhi. PP. 595-615
57. Adhuna, Salotra P, Mukhopadhya B. and Bhatnagar R. (1997). Modulation of macrophage heat shock protein (HSPs) expression in response to intracellular infection by virulent and avirulent strains ofLeishmaniadonovani.Biochem. Mol.Bio.Int.; 43: 1265- 1275.
56. Radha C, Salotra P, Bhat R. and Bhatnagar R. (1996). Thermostabilization of Protective antigen-the binding component of anthrax lethal toxin.J.Biotechnol; 50: 235-242.
55. Salotra P, Seal K.P, Krishna N, Jaffe H. and Bhatnagar R. (1995). Expression of Dnak and GroEl homologs in Leuconostocmesenteroides in response to heat shock or chemical stress.FEMSMicrobiologyLetters; 131:7-62.
54. Salotra P, Chauhan D, Rallhan R. and Bhatnagar R. (1995). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha induces preferential expression of stress proteins in virulent promastigotes of Leshmaniadonovani. ImmunologyLetters; 44: 1-5.
53. Richa S, Salotra P, Bhatnagar R. and Datta K. (1995). L-alanine- dioxovalerate transaminase in Leishmaniadonovani that differs from the mammalian enzyme.Microbiol.Res.; 150: 1-5.
52. Salotra P, Ralhan R. and Bhatnagar R. (1994). Differential expression of heat shock proteins in virulent and attenuated strains of Leishmaniadonovani.BiochemMolecularBiologyInternational;33: 691-697.
51. Bhatnagar R. and Friedlander A.M. (1994). Protein synthesis is required for the expression nthrax lethal toxin cytotoxicity.Infec.Immunol;62: 2958-62.
50. Friedlander A.M, Bhatnagar R,Leppla S.H, Johnson L. and Singh Y. (1993).Characterization of macrophage sensitivity and resistance to anthrax lethal toxin.Infec.lmmunol. 61: 245-252.
49. Dhaunsi G. S, Sidhu G.S, GargU.C, Singh Y, Chakravarti R.N. and Bhatnagar R. (1990). Effect on intestinal nutrient uptake and brush border membrane enzymes in response to atherogenic diet in rhesus monkeys.J. Med.Primatol;18: 467-475.
48. Dhaunsi G.S, Garg U.C,Ganguly N.K. and ChakravartiR.andBhatnagar R. (1990). Renal brush border membrane enzymatic status in atherogenic diet fed Rhesus monkeys. BiochemicalArchives;6: 95-102.
47. Leppla S.H, Friedlander A.M, Singh Y, Cora E.M. and Bhatnagar R. (1990).A model for anthrax lethal toxin action at the cellular level.SalisburyMedicalBullatin; 68: 41-43.
46. Garg U.C, Ganguly N.K, Sharma S. and Bhatnagar R. (1990).Humoral and cell mediated immunity in pyelonephritic rats immunized with fimbriae of Escherichia coli. Med. Sci. Res; 18: 601-603.
45. Singh Y, LepplaS.H, Bhatnagar R. and Friedlander A.M. (1990). Basis of cellular sensitivity and resistance to anthrax lethal toxin.Salisbury MedicalBullatin; 68: 46-48.
44. Singh Y, Leppla S.H, Friedlander A. andBhatnagar R. (1989). Internalization and processing of Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin-sensitive and resistance cells.J.Biol. Chem;254: 11099-11102.
43. Singh Y, Leppla S. and Friedlander A. and Bhatnagar R. (1989). Calcium is required for expression of anthrax lethal toxin activity. Infec.Lmmun; 57: 2107-2114.
42. Krishna G, Singh Y, Sidhu G.S. and Bhatnagar R. (1989). Mechanism of MPTP induced Parkinson's disease at cellular and subcellular level. In Neurochemical Pharmacology165-174.
41. Singh Y, Bhatnagar R,Sidhu G.S, Batra J.K. and Krishna G. (1989). MPTP inhibits proton motive force in energized mitochondria. Arch.Biochem.Biophys; 271: 217-222.
40. Garg U.C, Ganguly N.K, Sharma S. and BhatnagarR.(1989). Transport of nutrients into the renal brush border membrane vesicles as markers in evaluating the role of antibodies in modulation of ascending pyelonephritis.FEMSMicrobiol.Lett; 57: 155-160.
39. Mereish K.A, Solow R, Singh Y. and Bhatnagar, R. (1989). Comparative toxicity of cyclic peptides.Med.Sci.Res;17: 869-871.
38. Mauviel A, Teyton L, Penfornis H, Laurent M, Hartman D, Bonaventure J, Loyau G, Saklatvala J. and Pujol J.P. andBhatnagar R. (1988). Interleukin-I modulates collagen gene expression in cultured synovial cells. Biochem.J; 252: 247-255.
37. Garg U.C, Rai N, Dhaunsi G.S, Sidhu G.S, Singh Y, Ganguly N.K. and Bhatnagar R. (1988). A spectrophotometric assay for calmodulin.Biotechniques; 6: 294-296.
36. Falah AMS, Bhatnagar N, Singh Y, Murthy P.S. and Venkitasubramanian T.A. and Bhatnagar R. (1988).On the presence of calmodulin like protein in Mycobacteria FEMSMicrobiol.Let; 56: 89-94.
35. Singh Y, Chaudhary V.K, and Misra U.K. and Bhatnagar R. (1988). Mixed function oxidases in response to quality and quality of dietary protein. Biochem. International;17:1-8.
34. Singh Y, and MisraU.K.andBhatnagar R. (1988). Hepatic phosphatidylcholine synthesis in defficiency of lysine and lysine and threonine: Effect of malathione. Experientia; 44: 758-759.
33. Garg U.C, Ganguly N.K. and Bhatnagar R. (1987). Brush border enzyme as markers for ascending pyelonephritis: active immunization with pilli. FEMSMicrobiol Lett;43: 127- 131.
32. Garg U.C, Ganguly N.K, Sharma S. and Bhatnagar R. (1987).New sensitive markers for the detection of experimental ascending pyelonephritis.LifeSci;41: 1-56.
31. Garg U.C, Ganguly N.K, Sharma S, Chakravarti R.N. and Bhatnagar R. (1987).Quantitative histopathological method for the evaluation of experimental pyelonephritis in rat.Med. Sci.Res;15:367-368.
30. Garg U.C, Ganguly N.K. and Bhatnagar R. (1987).Towards the mechanism of altered nutrients uptake in brush border membrane vesicles from pyelonpehritis rats.Biochem.In;14: 949-955.
29. Garg U.C, Ganguly N.K. and Bhatnagar R. (1987).Calmodulin: Factor contributing towards altered nutrient uptake in pyelonephritis in rat. Med. Sci.Res; 15: 369-370.
28. Garg U.C, Ganguly N.K, Sharma S. and Bhatnagar R. (1987). Antipilli antibodies afford protection against ascending pyelonephritis in rats: evaluation by renal brush border membrane enzymes.Biochem.Int;14:517-524.
27. Garg U.C, Sharma D.K, Dhaunsi G.S. and Bhatnagar R. (1987). Altered intestinal brush border membrane enzymes and nutrients uptake in naloxone treated rats Med.SciRes;15: 551-552.
26. Gill N.J, Garg U.C, Ganguly N.K, Mahajan R.C. and Bhatnagar R. (1987). Alteration of brush border membrane enzymes in intestinal amoebiasis.Med. Sci. Res; 15: 101-102.
25. Garg U.C, Ganguly N.K, Sharma S. and Bhatnagar R. (1987).Prevention of alteration in the uptake of nutrients in pyelonephritis immunization with pilli.Biochem.Int; 15:881- 886.
24. Gill N.J, Garg U.C, Ganguly N.Y, Mahajan R.C. and Bhatnagar R. (1987). Release of lysosomal enzymes by kupffer cells in experimental hepatic amoebiasisMed. Sci. Res;15: 991-992.
23. Dhaunsi G.S, Garg U.C, Sharma D.K, Aulakh B.S. and Bhatnagar R. (1987). Towards the mechanism of protection against indomethace in induced gastrointestinal ulceration by naloxone. Med. Sci. Res;15: 1034-1035.
22. Dilwari J.B, Kumar A.V.K, Khurana S, and Dash R.J.andBhatnagar R.(1987).The effect of legumes on blood glucose in diabetesmelitus.Ind.J.Med. Res;85:184-187.
21. Bhatnagar R,Penfornis H, Mauviel A., Loyau G, Saklatvala J. and Poujol J. P. (1986). Interleukin-I inhibits and synthesis of collagen by fibroblast. Biochem.Int;13: 709-720.
20. Sidhu G.S, Dhuansi G.S, Garg U.C, Ganguly N.K, Chakravarti R.N. and Bhatnagar R. (1986). Renal nutrients uptake and brush border membrane enzymes in cholesterol fed guinea pigs. Biochem.Med;36:179-185.
19. Sidhu G.S, Garg U.C, Dhaunsi G.S, Bhari S.K. and Bhatnagar R. (1986). Enzymatic and transport studies in cholesterol fed guinea pigs using intestinal brush border membrane vesicle. Digestion; 34: 251-258.
18. Garg U.C, Ganguly N.K, Sharma S. and Bhatnagar R. (1986).Kinetics of nutrient uptake in renal brush border membrane vesicles from rat with experimental pyelonephritis.Biochem.Int; 7-14.
17. Garg U.C, Sidhu G.S, Sharma S, Chakravarti R.N, Ganguly N.K. and Bhatnagar R. (1986). The presence of calmodulin in renal micrivillar core.Int. Res.Comm. Sys. Med. Sci;14: 752-753.
16. Garg U.C, Sidhu G.S, Sharma S, Chakravarti R.N. and Bhatnagar R. (1985). Pyelonephritis alters the reabsorption of nutrients and brush border enzymes of rat kidney Biochem. Int;11:145-152.
15. Dhaunsi G.S, Garg U.C, Sidhu G.S. and Bhatnagar R. (1985). Enzymatic andtransport studies on rat intestinal brush border membrane vesicles bound to pea and lentil lectins. Int.Res.Comm.Sys. Med. Sci; 13: 469-70.
14. Bhatnagar N. and PrabhuK.A.andBhatnagarR. (1985). Extracellular dextransucrase from a new strain of Leuconostocmesenteroides.Int. Res. Comm. Sys. Med. Sci;13: 129-130.
13. Bhatnagar N, and VenkitasubramanianT.A.andBhatnagar R. (1984).Characterization and metabolism of cGMP in Mycobacterium smegmatis.Biochem. Biophys.Res.Commun; 121: 634-640.
12. Decker K, Birmelin M, and Rieder H.and Bhatnagar R. (1982)."Role of Ca++ and prostaglandins in response of kuffer cells to external stimuli".InSinusoidalLiverCells(Ed. E. Wisse and D.L. Knook) Elsevier Biomed.Press Holland; pp 367-379.
11. BhatnagarR, Schade U, Rietschel E.T. and Decker, K. (1982).Involvement of prostaglandin E and cAMP in lipopolysaccride stimulated collagenase release in rat kupffer cells. Eur. J.Bioche;125: 125-130.
10. Bhatnagar R. and Decker K. (1981). Collagenase assay using 3H- methylcollagen. J.Biochem.Biophys.Methods 5: 147-152.
9. BhatnagarR, Schiermer R., Ernst M. and Decker K. (1981).Superoxide release by zymosan stimulated kupffer cells in vitro. Eur.J.Biochem; 119: 171-175.
8. Banerjee N, Bhatnagar R. and Viswanathan L. (1981). Inhibitionn of glycolysis by furfural in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Eur.J.Microbiol Biotech; 11: 226-228.
7. Banerjee N, Bhatnagar R. and Viswanathan L. (1981). Development of resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae against inhibitory effects of Browning reaction products Enz.Microb.Tech; 3: 24-28.
6. BhatnagarR, Banerjee N, Srivastava H.C, and Prabhu K.A. (1981). Structure of dextran synthesized by a new strain of Leuconostocmesenteroides.Carbohy;Res.89: 346-349.
5. Srivastava G.S, Bhatnagar R.,Viswanathan R. and Venkitasubramanian T.A.(1980). Microsomal and mitrochondrial cytochromes in acutely hypoxic rat liver and lung Ind.J.Biochem.Biophys;17: 130-134.
4. Banerjee N, Bhatnagar R. and Viswanathan L. (1980). Inhibition of growth and lactic acid synthesis by maltol in Lactobacillus casie and its reversal by glutamic acid Experentia; 36:313-314.
3 .Bhatnagar R. and Prabhu K.A. (1976). Studies on the removal of dextran by dextranaseProc.Sug.Tech.Assoc;42: 101-106
2. Bhatnagar R. and Prabhu K.A. (1975). Effect of disinfectants on dextran forming Leuconostoc bacteria. Proc. Sug. Tech. Assoc;41: 95-99.
1. Bhatnagar R. and Prabhu K.A. (1974). Studies on the use of cane waste molasses in the production of dextran. Proc.Sug. Tech.Assoc;40: 23-27.
Prof. Rakesh Bhatnagar