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Carole Levin and Charles Beem This Series Brings Together Monographs QUEENSHIP AND POWER Series Editors: Carole Levin and Charles Beem This series brings together monographs, edited volumes, and textbooks from scholars specializing in gender analysis, women’s studies, literary interpretation, and cultural, political, constitutional, and diplomatic history. It aims to broaden our understanding of the strategies that queens—both consorts and regnants, as well as female regents— pursued in order to wield political power within the structures of male-dominant soci- eties. In addition to works describing European queenship, it also includes books on queenship as it appeared in other parts of the world, such as East Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Islamic civilization. Editorial Board Linda Darling, University of Arizona (Ottoman Empire) Theresa Earenfight, Seattle University (Spain) Dorothy Ko, Barnard College (China) Nancy Kollman, Stanford University (Russia) John Thornton, Boston University (Africa and the Atlantic World) John Watkins (France and Italy) Published by Palgrave Macmillan The Lioness Roared: The Problems of Female Rule in English History By Charles Beem Elizabeth of York By Arlene Naylor Okerlund Learned Queen: The Image of Elizabeth I in Politics and Poetry By Linda Shenk “High and Mighty Queens” of Early Modern England: Realities and Representations Edited by Carole Levin, Jo Eldridge Carney, and Debra Barrett-Graves The Monstrous Regiment of Women: Female Rulers in Early Modern Europe By Sharon L. Jansen The Face of Queenship: Early Modern Representations of Elizabeth I By Anna Riehl Elizabeth I: The Voice of a Monarch By Ilona Bell Tudor Queenship: The Reigns of Mary and Elizabeth Edited by Alice Hunt and Anna Whitelock The Death of Elizabeth I: Remembering and Reconstructing the Virgin Queen By Catherine Loomis Queenship and Voice in Medieval Northern Europe By William Layher The Foreign Relations of Elizabeth I Edited by Charles Beem The French Queen’s Letters: Mary Tudor Brandon and the Politics of Marriage in Sixteenth- Century Europe By Erin A. Sadlack Wicked Women of Tudor England: Queens, Aristocrats, Commoners By Retha M. Warnicke A Monarchy of Letters: Royal Correspondence and English Diplomacy in the Reign of Elizabeth I By Rayne Allinson Three Medieval Queens: Queenship and the Crown in Fourteenth-Century England By Lisa Benz St. John Mary I: Gender, Power, and Ceremony in the Reign of England’s First Queen By Sarah Duncan The Last Plantagenet Consorts: Gender, Genre, and Historiography, 1440–1627 By Kavita Mudan Finn Fairy Tale Queens: Representations of Early Modern Queenship By Jo Eldridge Carney Mother Queens and Princely Sons: Rogue Madonnas in the Age of Shakespeare By Sid Ray The Name of a Queen: William Fleetwood’s Itinerarium ad Windsor Edited by Charles Beem and Dennis Moore The Emblematic Queen: Extra-Literary Representations of Early Modern Queenship Edited by Debra Barrett-Graves The Queens Regnant of Navarre: Succession, Politics, and Partnership, 1274–1512 By Elena Woodacre Queenship in the Mediterranean: Negotiating the Role of the Queen in the Medieval and Early Modern Eras Edited by Elena Woodacre The Queen’s Mercy: Gender and Judgment in Representations of Elizabeth I By Mary Villeponteaux Titled Elizabethans: A Directory of Elizabethan Court, State, and Church Officers, 1558–1603 Edited by Arthur F. Kinney and Jane A. Lawson Elizabeth I’s Foreign Correspondence: Letters, Rhetoric, and Politics Edited by Carlo M. Bajetta, Guillaume Coatalen, and Jonathan Gibson The Man behind the Queen: Male Consorts in History Edited by Charles Beem and Miles Taylor THE MAN BEHIND THE QUEEN MALE CONSORTS IN HISTORY Edited by Charles Beem and Miles Taylor THE MAN BEHIND THE QUEEN Copyright © Charles Beem and Miles Taylor, 2014. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2014 978-1-137-44834-7 All rights reserved. First published in 2014 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN® in the United States— a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-49642-6 ISBN 978-1-137-44835-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9781137448354 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The man behind the queen : male consorts in history / Charles Beem and Miles Taylor, editors. pages cm.—(Queenship and power) 1. Queens—Family relationships—Europe—History. 2. Royal couples—Europe—History. 3. Kings and rulers— Europe—History. 4. Princes—Europe—History. 5. Monarchy—Europe—History. 6. Sex role—Europe—History. 7. Man-woman relationships—Europe—History. 8. Power (Social sciences)—Europe—History. 9. Europe—Kings and rulers—History. 10. Europe—Social conditions. I. Beem, Charles. II. Taylor, Miles. D110.M26 2014 940.09Ј9—dc23 2014026010 A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library. Design by Newgen Knowledge Works (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. First edition: December 2014 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Other Titles By Charles Beem The Name of a Queen: William Fleetwood’s Itinerarium ad Windsor (2013) (coedited with Dennis Moore) The Foreign Relations of Elizabeth I (2011) The Royal Minorities of Medieval and Early Modern England (2008) The Lioness Roared: The Problems of Female Rule in English History (2006) Other Titles By Miles Taylor The Decline of British Radicalism, 1847–1860 (1995) Ernest Jones, Chartism and the Romance of Politics, 1819–69 (2003) (coedited with Michael Wolff) The Victorians since 1901: Histories, Representations and Revisions (2004) The Victorian Empire and Britain’s Maritime World: The Sea and Global History, 1837–1901 (2013) (ed.) The Age of Asa: Lord Briggs, Public Life and History in Britain since 1945 (Palgrave, 2014) (ed.) CONTENTS Acknowledgments ix List of Contributors xi Introduction: The Man behind the Queen 1 Charles Beem and Miles Taylor 1. The Kings Consort of Navarre: 1284–1512 11 Elena Crislyn Woodacre 2. Ferdinand the Catholic: King and Consort 33 David Abulafia 3. “He to Be Intituled Kinge”: King Philip of England and the Anglo-Spanish Court 55 Sarah Duncan 4. Why Prince George of Denmark Did Not Become a King of England 81 Charles Beem 5. From Ruler in the Shadows to Shadow King: Frederick I of Sweden 93 Fabian Persson 6. Count Ernst Johann Bühren and the Russian Court of Anna Ioannovna 103 Michael Bitter 7. Francis Stephen of Lorraine (Emperor Francis I, 1745–65), Consort of Maria Theresa, Ruler of the Austrian Monarchy from 1740 125 Derek Beales 8. Prince Albert: The Creative Consort 145 Karina Urbach 9. Commemorating the Consort in Colonial Bombay 157 Simin Patel 10. Ferdinand II of Portugal: A Conciliatory King in an Age of Turmoil 163 Daniel Alves viii Contents 11. Gaston d’Orléans, Comte d’Eu: Prince Consort to Princess Isabel of Brazil 177 Roderick Barman 12. The Rise and Fall of Siddiq Hasan, Male Consort of Shah Jahan of Bhopal 185 Caroline Keen 13. Royalty, Rank, and Masculinity: Three Dutch Princes Consort in the Twentieth Century 205 Maria Grever and Jeroen van Zanten 14. Prince Philip: Sportsman and Youth Leader 223 Ina Zweiniger-Bargielowska 15. The Prince Who Would Be King: Henrik of Denmark’s Struggle for Recognition 241 Trond Norén Isaksen Index 261 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The editors wish to thank the staff of the Institute of Historical Research in London, who helped make the original conference in 2011 possible, especially Manjeet Sambi and Elaine Walters; Clarissa Campbell Orr, Janet Dickinson, and Karina Urbach, who advised on the conference program; and the Society for Court Studies for cohosting the event. We would also like to thank Luc Duerloo and Hugo Vickers, who spoke at the conference, and all of our contributors, who kindly donated their time and expertise for the essays included in this volume. Finally, we are grate- ful for the assistance shown by our editorial team at Palgrave USA; Chris Chappell, Mike Aperauch, and Brigitte Shull. CONTRIBUTORS David Abulafia is Professor of Mediterranean History at Cambridge University and a Fellow of Gonville and Caius College. He is a Fellow of the British Academy and Member of the Academia Europaea. His interests embrace the economic, social, and political history of the Mediterranean lands in the Middle Ages and Renaissance, especially southern Italy, the Italian ‘despotisms’ and the Italian islands (viewing Italian history from an unconventionally southern perspective); and also the trade and soci- ety of the Spanish lands of the Crown of Aragon. More generally, he is interested in the interaction of the three religions in medieval Spain and Sicily. A major interest is the opening of the eastern and western Atlantic in the fifteenth and early sixteenth century, with particular emphasis on the encounter of Europeans with native people, the subject of his book The Discovery of Mankind (2008). He has now written a history of the Mediterranean from 22,000 BC to AD 2010 for Penguin Books, entitled The Great Sea (2011). Daniel Alves is Auxiliary Professor at the History Department in Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, and researcher in the Institute of Contemporary History (IHC). He has a PhD in Economic and Social Contemporary History, and MA degree in nineteenth-century history. He collaborated in several research proj- ects funded by the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation and by ESF, and has a special interest in the study of the lower middle classes, between 1870 and 1914, Urban History, Historical GIS, and Biography. He published a few articles in Portuguese and international peer reviewed journals, namely a recent one in the Journal of Interdisciplinary History regarding railways and population distribution in Portugal between the nineteenth and twentieth century (2011).
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