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Ophraella-Communa.Pdf www.informatoreagrario.it Edizioni L’Informatore Agrario Tutti i diritti riservati, a norma della Legge sul Diritto d’Autore e le sue successive modificazioni. Ogni utilizzo di quest’opera per usi diversi da quello personale e privato è tassativamente vietato. Edizioni L’Informatore Agrario S.r.l. non potrà comunque essere ritenuta responsabile per eventuali malfunzionamenti e/o danni di qualsiasi natura connessi all’uso dell’opera. DIFESA DELLE COLTURE Il coleottero ha causato ● PRIMO RINVENIMENTO DELL’INSETTO IN LOMBARDIA gravi defogliazioni su Ambrosia artemisiifolia, specie Ophraella communa dalle elevate proprietà allergeniche. segnalata in Italia Per questo motivo potrebbe rappresentare un interessante su Ambrosia strumento di controllo Nei nostri ambienti sarà necessario biologico continuare le osservazioni nei prossi- mi anni per riconoscere il suo effettivo ruolo nel contenimento di A. artemisiifo- phraella communa lia, che in quest’annata si è dimostrato LeSage (Coleopte- promettente. Queste ricerche prelimi- ra Chrysomelidae nari sono quindi destinate a proseguire, Galerucinae) è una allo scopo di studiare tutti gli aspetti le- Ospecie di origine neartica pre- gati all’ecologia, dinamica di popolazio- sente in Canada, Stati Uniti e ne, adattamento della specie nei diversi Messico, accidentalmente introdotta in ambienti colonizzati, così da poter va- Cina, Corea, Giappone e Taiwan (Futuy- lutare ed eventualmente favorire la sua ma, 1990; Futuyma et al., 1993; Wang e azione, nel contesto degli interventi fi no Chiang, 1998; Shiyage e Moriya, 2005; Un severo danno su Ambrosia. ad ora normalmente utilizzati per il con- Zhou et al., 2010). Si tratta di una spe- Foto Cislaghi. Nel particolare adulto tenimento di questa infestante. cie oligofaga associata alle Asteraceae di O. communa (4 mm). Foto Boriani Marco Boriani, Marica Calvi Heliantheae, sottotribù Ambrosiinae ed Andrea Taddei, Andrea Tantardini Helianthinae, ma con preferenza per Larve e adulti si alimentano principal- Beniamino Cavagna Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. (Palmer e Goe- mente delle foglie, sulle quali vengono Laboratorio fi topatologico den, 1991; Gerber et al., 2011). La presen- anche deposte le uova, ma non trascu- Servizio fitosanitario regionale - Regione Lombardia te nota costituisce la prima segnala- rano i fi ori. Lo svernamento avviene allo Fabio Spadoni Andreani zione della specie in Italia. stadio di adulto (Watanabe, 2000). Comune di Castellanza I primi campioni, raccolti a Castel- Matteo Montagna lanza (Varese) nel luglio scorso, sono Promettente mezzo GeSDiMont - Disaaa stati affi dati al Laboratorio fi topatolo- Università di Milano gico del Servizio fi tosanitario regiona- di controllo di Ambrosia Maira Bonini le. Dopo essere stati identifi cati a li- Su A. artemisiifolia ha localmente Dipartimento di prevenzione medica vello specifi co su base morfologica, ta- causato gravi defogliazioni e un ge- Asl Milano 1 le determinazione è stata confermata nerale intristimento delle piante col- Suzanne Lommen, Heinz Müller-Schärer attraverso l’analisi genetica, condotta pite, che risultano aver subìto danni Département de biologie, ecologie & evolution con tecniche molecolari e bioinforma- rilevanti nelle condizioni d’infestazio- Université de Fribourg (Svizzera) tiche (Folmer et al., 1994; Hebert et al., ne più severe. In alcuni casi l’effetto in 2003a, 2003b). Ulteriori osservazioni pieno campo è paragonabile a un di- Desideriamo ringraziare Renato Regalin, hanno consentito di rinvenire la spe- serbo selettivo. Contemporaneamente del Dipartimento di protezione dei sistemi cie ad Albavilla, Cadorago, Cantù, Ca- i rilievi aerobiologici condotti nelle sta- agroalimentare e urbano e valorizzazione delle biodiversità dell’Università di Milano, stelnuovo Bozzente, Lomazzo e Tura- zioni di monitoraggio dei pollini d’inte- per i preziosi consigli e la sempre grande te (Como), Calco (Lecco), Orio al Serio resse allergologico di Legnano, Magenta cortesia; Giuseppe Cislaghi e Paola Colombo, (Bergamo), Busto Arsizio (Varese), Arco- e Rho (Milano) hanno evidenziato una del Dipartimento di prevenzione medica nate, Boffalora Sopra Ticino, Casorezzo, notevole diminuzione delle concentra- dell’Asl Milano 1 di Parabiago, per la preziosa collaborazione e l’EU Cost FA1203 Cerro Maggiore, Cesate, Corbetta, Cug- zioni di Ambrosia. «Sustainable management of Ambrosia giono, Garbagnate Milanese, Legnano, Nonostante la sua oligofagia, la prefe- artemisiifolia in Europe (Smarter)» Magenta, Parabiago e Solaro (Milano), renza per A. artemisiifolia l’ha posta già per la partecipazione alla ricerca. Broni, Casteggio, Copiano, Montebello in passato all’attenzione per un possibi- della Battaglia, Pavia, Torre d’Isola e le utilizzo come agente di controllo bio- Voghera (Pavia), Corno Giovine, Meleti, logico di questa importante infestante, Per commenti all’articolo, chiarimenti San Rocco al Porto e Santo Stefano Lo- come ad esempio accaduto in Australia o suggerimenti scrivi a: digiano (Lodi), Crotta d’Adda (Cremona). (Palmer e Goeden, 1991). Questa specie [email protected] Ophraella communa compie più genera- viene a tale scopo attualmente allevata zioni all’anno e svolge gran parte del artifi cialmente e rilasciata con succes- Per consultare gli approfondimenti e/o la bibliografi a: suo ciclo sulla parte aerea della pianta. so in Cina (Wan et al., 2010). www.informatoreagrario.it/rdLia/ 13ia34_7169_web © 2013 Copyright Edizioni L'Informatore Agrario S.r.l. DIFESA DELLE COLTURE ● ARTICOLO PUBBLICATO SU L’INFORMATORE AGRARIO N. 34/2013 A PAG. 61 Ophraella communa segnalata in Italia su Ambrosia BIBLIOGRAFIA Schärer H. (2011) - Prospects for biolo- Wan F.H., Guo J.Y., Zhang F. (2010) - gical control of Ambrosia artemisiifolia Booming research on biological invasions Folmer O., Black M., Hoeh W., Lutz R., in Europe: learning from the past. Weed in China. Aliens: The Invasives Species Vrijenhoek R. (1994) - DNA primers for Research, 51: 559-573. Bulletin, 30: 41-48. amplifi cation of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan Hebert P.D., Cywinska A., Ball S.L., Wang C.L., Chiang M.Y. (1998) - New re- invertebrates. Mol. Mar. Biol. Biotechnol., deWaard J.R. (2003a) - Biological identi- cord of a fastidious chrysomelid, Ophrael- 3: 294-299. fi cations through DNA barcodes. Proc. Biol. la communa LeSage (Coleoptera: Chryso- Sci., 270: 313-321. melidae), in Taiwan. Plant Protect. Bull., Futuyma D.J. (1990) - Observations on the 40: 185-188. taxonomy and natural history of Ophraella Hebert P.D., Ratnasingham S., deWaard Wilcox (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), with a J.R. (2003b) - Barcoding animal life: cyto- Watanabe M. (2000) - Photoperiodic con- description of a new species. J. New York chrome c oxidase subunit 1 divergences trol of development and reproductive dia- Entomol. S., 98: 163-186. among closely related species. Proc. Biol. pause in the leaf beetle Ophraella commu- Sci., 270 Suppl. 1: 96-99. na LeSage. Entomol. Sci., 3: 245-253. Futuyma D.J., Keese M.C., Scheffer S.J. (1993) - Genetic constraints and the phylo- Palmer W.A., Goeden R.D. (1991) - The Zhou Z.S., Guo J.Y., Chen H.S., geny of insect-plant associations: responses host range of Ophraella communa LeSa- Wan F.H. (2010) - Effects of temperature of Ophraella communa (Coleoptera: Chry- ge (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). 6 pp. The on survival, development, longevity and fe- somelidae) to host plants of its congeners. Coleopterists Bulletin, 45: 115-120. cundity of Ophraella communa (Coleop- Evolution, 47: 888-905. tera: Chrysomelidae), a biological control Shiyake S., Moriya S. (2005) - Expansion agent against invasive ragweed, Ambrosia Gerber E., Schaffner U., Gassmann of Ophraella communa LeSage in east artemisiifolia L. (Asterales: Asteraceae). A., Hinz H.L., Seier M., Müller- Asia. Insect Nat., 40: 11-13. Environ. Entomol., 39: 1021-1027. © 2013 Copyright Edizioni L'Informatore Agrario S.r.l..
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