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Volume Eleven Conservation Science 2016 Western Australia Review and synthesis of knowledge of insular ecology, with emphasis on the islands of Western Australia IAN ABBOTT and ALLAN WILLS i TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT 1 INTRODUCTION 2 METHODS 17 Data sources 17 Personal knowledge 17 Assumptions 17 Nomenclatural conventions 17 PRELIMINARY 18 Concepts and definitions 18 Island nomenclature 18 Scope 20 INSULAR FEATURES AND THE ISLAND SYNDROME 20 Physical description 20 Biological description 23 Reduced species richness 23 Occurrence of endemic species or subspecies 23 Occurrence of unique ecosystems 27 Species characteristic of WA islands 27 Hyperabundance 30 Habitat changes 31 Behavioural changes 32 Morphological changes 33 Changes in niches 35 Genetic changes 35 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 36 Degree of exposure to wave action and salt spray 36 Normal exposure 36 Extreme exposure and tidal surge 40 Substrate 41 Topographic variation 42 Maximum elevation 43 Climate 44 Number and extent of vegetation and other types of habitat present 45 Degree of isolation from the nearest source area 49 History: Time since separation (or formation) 52 Planar area 54 Presence of breeding seals, seabirds, and turtles 59 Presence of Indigenous people 60 Activities of Europeans 63 Sampling completeness and comparability 81 Ecological interactions 83 Coups de foudres 94 LINKAGES BETWEEN THE 15 FACTORS 94 ii THE TRANSITION FROM MAINLAND TO ISLAND: KNOWNS; KNOWN UNKNOWNS; AND UNKNOWN UNKNOWNS 96 SPECIES TURNOVER 99 Landbird species 100 Seabird species 108 Waterbird -
Airport Link
Airport Link FAUNA AND FLORA TECHNICAL PAPER NO. 7 October 2006 Contents 1. Introduction 1-2 2. Legislative Context 2-3 2.1 Commonwealth Legislation 2-3 2.2 Queensland Legislation 2-3 2.3 Brisbane City Council Local Laws 2-4 3. Methodology 2-4 3.1 Background Data Collection and Review 3-5 3.2 Field Surveys 3-6 3.2.1 Terrestrial Flora and Fauna 3-6 3.2.2 Aquatic Flora and Fauna 3-7 3.2.3 Instream Habitat 3-10 3.2.4 Riparian Vegetation 3-10 3.2.5 Aquatic Fauna 3-10 4. Description of the Existing Environment 4-11 4.1 Study Area 4-11 4.2 Terrestrial Flora 4-12 4.2.1 EPBC Records 4-12 4.2.2 Regional Ecosystems 4-12 4.2.3 Queensland Herbarium Records 4-13 4.2.4 Field Observations 4-13 4.2.5 Significant Trees 4-15 4.3 Terrestrial Fauna 4-15 4.3.1 Birds 4-15 4.3.2 Mammals 4-16 4.3.3 Amphibians 4-16 4.3.4 Reptiles 4-17 4.3.5 Fauna of Conservation Significance 4-17 4.3.6 Regional Connections 4-19 4.3.7 Tree Hollows 4-19 4.3.8 Habitat Values 4-20 4.4 Aquatic Flora 4-21 4.4.1 In-stream Habitat 4-21 4.4.2 Riparian vegetation 4-22 4.5 Aquatic Fauna 4-24 4.5.1 Fish 4-24 4.5.2 Aquatic Invertebrates 4-25 4.5.3 Water Dependent Mammals 4-26 4.5.4 Water Dependent Reptiles 4-26 4.6 Spoil Placement Areas 4-27 4.6.1 Port of Brisbane sites 4-27 4.6.2 Brisbane Airport sites 4-27 PAGE i 4.6.3 Threatened Species 4-27 4.6.4 Listed Migratory Species 4-30 4.6.5 Fire Ants 4-30 5. -
Upper Mitchell Catchment Rehabilitation Plan
Upper Mitchell Catchment Rehabilitation Plan Technical Report on Rehabilitation Needs A report prepared by the NQ Afforestation Association Inc. to facilitate coordinated catchment rehabilitation in the Upper Mitchell Catchment NQ AFFORESTATION Upper Mitchell River Catchment Rehabilitation Plan Technical Report Draft The North Queensland Afforestation Association Inc. is a regional Local Government body made up of 10 member councils - Cook Shire, Douglas Shire, Cairns City, Mareeba Shire, Atherton Shire, Herberton Shire, Eacham Shire, Johnstone Shire, Cardwell Shire and Hinchinbrook Shire. The North Queensland Afforestation Association Inc. is committed to fostering sustainable resource management in the wet tropics region through initiatives such as the Wet Tropics Tree Planting Scheme and the Community Rainforest Reforestation Program. This report is one of a series produced by the North Queensland Afforestation Association Inc. to identify rehabilitation priorities across the wet tropics and provide input to Local Authority planning schemes. Comments and questions regarding the materials in this report should be directed to Kylie Freebody at the North Queensland Afforestation Association Inc. office in Cairns: 28 Scott Street Cairns Q 4870 PO Box 2420, Cairns Q 4870 Phone: (070) 412 593 Fax: (070) 412 598 The North Queensland Afforestation Association Inc. wishes to acknowledge the contributions of the following organisations: Mareeba Shire Council Department of Natural Resources Cattle Creek Landcare Group Department of Environment -
Convergent Evolution Across the Australian Continent: Ecotype Diversification Drives Morphological Convergence in Two Distantly Related Clades of Australian Frogs
doi: 10.1111/jeb.12746 Convergent evolution across the Australian continent: ecotype diversification drives morphological convergence in two distantly related clades of Australian frogs M. VIDAL-GARCIA & J. S. KEOGH Evolution, Ecology & Genetics, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia Keywords: Abstract amphibian; Animals from different clades but subject to similar environments often anura; evolve similar body shapes and physiological adaptations due to convergent Australia; evolution, but this has been rarely tested at the transcontinental level and burrowing; across entire classes of animal. Australia’s biome diversity, isolation and convergence; aridification history provide excellent opportunities for comparative analyses cutaneous resistance; on broad-scale macroevolutionary patterns. We collected morphological and evolutionary ecology; environmental data on eighty-four (98%) Australian hylid frog species and morphological evolution; categorized them into ecotypes. Using a phylogenetic framework, we tested morphology; the hypothesis that frogs from the same ecotype display similar body shape phylogenetic comparative methods. patterns: (i) across all the Australian hylids, and (ii) through comparison with a similar previous study on 127 (97%) Australian myobatrachid spe- cies. Body size and shape variation did not follow a strong phylogenetic pat- tern and was not tightly correlated with environment, but there was a stronger association between morphotype and ecotype. Both arboreal and aquatic frogs had long limbs, whereas limbs of fossorial species were shorter. Other terrestrial species were convergent on the more typical frog body shape. We quantified the strength of morphological convergence at two levels: (i) between fossorial myobatrachid and hylid frogs, and (ii) in each ecomorph within the hylids. We found strong convergence within ecotypes, especially in fossorial species. -
Good Times at Goondicum
Official Newsletter of the Queensland Frog Society Inc. Autumn 2018 www.qldfrogs.asn.au | questions [at] qldfrogs.asn.au | /qldfrogsociety GOODFrog pond prior TIMESto almost certain AT demise GOONDICUM: FROGGERS HAVE A FANTASTIC TIME ON CAMP WokshopRob (4th fromattendees front, froggingright) and in Nadiathe evening (far end guided of table), by torchlight Nadia’s parents, QFS Members and Jono enjoying second helpings. n Friday 8th December, seven keen Members The commercial imperative driving Goondicum Sta- and QFS President Jono made the 5-6 hour tion is that paddocks with trees grow better-quality Odrive out to a large cattle station near Monto. feed grasses than land that has been cleared. Better Goondicum Station is home to Rob and Nadia Camp- grass means improved nutrition, healthier cattle and bell, two enthusiastic QFS members who own a 7000ha increased profit margins. Trees also play a vital role in property at the head of the Burnett River. This is not producing high-quality beef. The natural woodlands your typical dry, desolate and barren cattle station also offer animals refuge from sun and rain and attract though. The property, managed by the Campbells since the wildlife that leads to an all-round healthier environ- the 1860s, sits on the crater of a prehistoric volcano, ment. A low stress environment leads to the high qual- and as such means the cattle thrive on rich soil and ity of the 100% grassfed EU Brangus cattle produced by above average rainfall. But that’s not all; as you enter the station’s Brangus bulls. No growth hormones are the property and several kilometre driveway, you’d be necessary because of the fruitful environment in which mistaken for thinking you were travelling through a na- the cattle feed on. -
Fauna Appendix H
Appendix H Fauna Contents Appendix H Fauna H.1 Terrestrial Fauna Survey Methodology H.2 Aquatic Fauna Survey Methodology H.3 Results of 2005 Survey H.4 Trapping Program Method, Effort and Species H.5 Results of Previous Surveys References i Appendix H.1 Terrestrial Fauna Survey Methodology G1. 0 Appendix H.1 Terrestrial Fauna Survey Methodology G1. Fauna A single survey was undertaken within the study area between 12th and 15th April 2005. Standard biological survey techniques were used during field surveys, including a number of live capture/release trapping techniques, standard and general observational and habitat searches, as well as methods to indirectly detect the presence of terrestrial fauna. The survey focussed on terrestrial vertebrate taxa. Live Capture/Release Trapping Small mammals and reptiles were surveyed using live trapping methods, conducted under Queensland National Parks and Wildlife Service Permit Number … and Animal Ethics Clearance No. …. Live capture/release methods included pitfall traps with drift fences. Pitfall trap systems incorporated PVC buckets approximately 40 cm deep (18 l) with a plastic drift fence (5 m long x 0.4 m high). Pitfall trapping was undertaken at 6 sites (1 traps per site) and traps were operated over 4 nights (24 pitfall trap nights altogether). Pitfall traps were cleared of captures in the morning and late afternoon. Bird Census Diurnal birds were sampled using a point census method supplemented by broad observational surveys. Censuses were carried out in the early morning (in the first 3-4 hours after sunrise) due to variation in avian activity during the day. Twelve census points were located at least 100 m apart along transects at each site. -
BIOLOGICAL REPORT October 2019
APPENDIX J: BIOLOGICAL REPORT October 2019 INSERT LOGO Darwin Processing Facility Biological Survey Middle Arm, Darwin Harbour, N.T. Prepared on behalf of TNG Limited by: Darwin Processing Plant: Lot 1817, Hundred of Ayers, Middle Arm Peninsula Animal Plant Mineral Pty Ltd of Darwin Harbour BIOLOGICAL SURVEY Completed by: Animal Plant Mineral Pty Ltd ABN: 86 886 455 949 Tel: (08) 6296 5155 Fax: (08) 6296 5199 Address: 47 Caroline Retreat Henley Brook, Western Australia 6055 Website: www.animalplantmineral.com.au For further information on this report please contact: Ms Sharon Arena Tel: 0419 934 461 Email: [email protected] Disclaimer This document is protected by legal professional privilege. To ensure privilege is not waived, please keep this document confidential and in a safe and secure place. This document should not be distributed, nor any reference to it made, to any person or organization not directly involved in making decisions upon the subject matter of this document. If this document is requested by a third party, legal advice should be immediately obtained prior to that person viewing or taking the document to ensure that any necessary disclosure occurs in an appropriate manner. TNG Page | i BIOLOGICAL SURVEY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY TNG Limited (TNG) is proposing to construct and operate the Darwin Processing Facility located on Middle Arm Peninsula of Darwin Harbour. Animal Plant Mineral Proprietary Limited (APM) was engaged by TNG in 2018 to provide a multiple-season terrestrial biological assessment to assist in the placement of the development and to support environmental approval applications for the proposed Project. The current report includes the combined data from a range of surveys conducted at the site, including previously unreported vegetation, flora, fauna, and migratory shorebird surveys conducted in 2016 and 2017 by GHD Environmental Consultants, and flora and vegetation, targeted migratory shorebird, and mammal surveys conducted by APM in 2018 and 2019. -
Acoustic Classification of Australian Frogs for Ecosystem Surveys Jie
Acoustic classification of Australian frogs for ecosystem surveys A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING FACULTY OF QUEENSLAND UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY IN FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Jie Xie School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology 2017 QUT Verified Signature ii To my family iii iv Abstract Frogs play an important role in Earth’s ecosystem, but the decline of their population has been spotted at many locations around the world. Monitoring frog activity can assist con- servation efforts, and improve our understanding of their interactions with the environment and other organisms. Traditional observation methods require ecologists and volunteers to visit the field, which greatly limit the scale for acoustic data collection. Recent advances in acoustic sensors provide a novel method to survey vocalising animals such as frogs. Once sensors are successfully installed in the field, acoustic data can be automatically collected at large spatial and temporal scales. For each acoustic sensor, several gigabytes of compressed audio data can be generated per day, and thus large volumes of raw acoustic data are collected. To gain insights about frogs and the environment, classifying frog species in acoustic data is necessary. However, manual species identification is unfeasible due to the large amount of collected data, and enabling automated species classification has become very important. Previous studies on signal processing and machine learning for frog call classification often have two limitations: (1) the recordings used to train and test classifiers are trophy recordings ( signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) (≥ 15 dB); (2) each individual recording is assumed to contain only one frog species. -
Acoustic Classification of Australian Anurans Using Syllable Features
This may be the author’s version of a work that was submitted/accepted for publication in the following source: Xie, Jie, Towsey, Michael, Truskinger, Anthony, Eichinski, Phil, Zhang, Jinglan,& Roe, Paul (2015) Acoustic classification of Australian anurans using syllable features. In Tan, H P & Palaniswami, M S (Eds.) Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE Tenth International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing (ISSNIP 2015). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., United States of America, pp. 1-6. This file was downloaded from: https://eprints.qut.edu.au/89673/ c Consult author(s) regarding copyright matters This work is covered by copyright. Unless the document is being made available under a Creative Commons Licence, you must assume that re-use is limited to personal use and that permission from the copyright owner must be obtained for all other uses. If the docu- ment is available under a Creative Commons License (or other specified license) then refer to the Licence for details of permitted re-use. It is a condition of access that users recog- nise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. If you believe that this work infringes copyright please provide details by email to [email protected] Notice: Please note that this document may not be the Version of Record (i.e. published version) of the work. Author manuscript versions (as Sub- mitted for peer review or as Accepted for publication after peer review) can be identified by an absence of publisher branding and/or typeset appear- ance. If there is any doubt, please refer to the published source.