2245 Port Moody/Anmore/Belcarra

British Columbia Community Health Service Area

Community Health Service Areas (CHSAs) in British Columbia (B.C.) are administrative bounds nested within Local Health Areas (LHAs) as defined by the B.C. Ministry of Health. This CHSA health profile contains information about the community’s demographics, socio-economic and health/disease status as represented through various community health indicators. The purpose of CHSA health profiles is to help B.C.’s primary care network partners, public health professionals and community organizations better understand the health needs of a specific community and to provide evidence for service provisioning and prevention strategies.

Port Moody/Anmore/Belcarra (CHSA 2245) is 61 km² in size and is located in central Greater Vancouver, east of Indian Arm and Burrard Inlet. It is comprised of the city of Port Moody and the villages of Anmore and Belcarra. Geographic features include Buntzen Lake, Sasamat Lake, Eagle Mountain, and Belcarra Regional Park. Major establishments include Eagle Ridge Hospital. [1]

Provided by Health Sector Information, Analysis, and Reporting Division, B.C. Ministry of Health

Health Authority: 2 Fraser

Health Service Delivery Area: 22 Fraser North

Local Health Area: 224 Tri-Cities

Community Health Service Area: 2245 Port Moody/Anmore/Belcarra

Primary Care Network Fraser Northwest community:

For more information, visit communityhealth.phsa.ca 2245 PORT MOODY/ANMORE/BELCARRA B.C. CHSA Health Pro le Version 1.0

Demographics

The age and sex distribution of the population in the community impacts the infrastructure supports and services needed in the community. For example, older adults and young families especially benefit from age-friendly public spaces, like well-maintained sidewalks and rest areas.

Total population Proportion female Median age Census of population, Statistics Canada, Census of population, Statistics Canada, Census of population, Statistics Canada, 2016 2016 2016

Population age distribution in Port Moody/Anmore/Belcarra Census of population, Statistics Canada, 2016

100+ 95 to 99 90 to 94 85 to 89 Se x 80 to 84 Female 75 to 79 Male 70 to 74 65 to 69 60 to 64 55 to 59 e

g 50 to 54 A 45 to 49 40 to 44 35 to 39 30 to 34 25 to 29 20 to 24 15 to 19 10 to 14 5 to 9 0 to 4

2000 1500 1000 500 0 500 1000 1500 2000 Population

Diversity

A diverse community is a vibrant community. Different population groups often have different opportunities and challenges in maintaining or improving their health. For example, Indigenous people and new immigrants often face barriers to accessing health services and sustaining health and wellness.

Understanding the unique needs of various cultural groups and people who speak other languages is important for improving overall health in the community.

Top three ethnicities with Immigrant Population highest proportions in the Census of population, Statistics Canada, population (other than 2016 Indigenous)

Census of population, Statistics Canada, Total Immigrants 3 1 .8 % 2016

White 6 8 .1 % Recent 3 .5 % Chinese 1 0 .3 % immigrants Korean 4 .9 %

0 20 40 60 80 0 10 20 30 40 % of population % of population

Due to rounding, these may not add up to exactly 100%

Percentage of population who are Indigenous Percentage of the population who Percentage of immigrant population who Census of population, speak neither English nor French arrived as refugees between 1980 to 2016 Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of population, Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of population, Statistics Canada, 2016

Household Composition (Census of population, Statistics Canada, 2016)

Household composition describes characteristics of a person or a group of people who live within the same place of residence. Characteristics such as marital status, single-parent households and average household size have been found to be related to health and well-being. [2]

For instance, research has shown consistently that married individuals report better overall health and mortality outcomes than unmarried individuals.[3] Children who are raised in households with two parents also tend to have fewer mental and physical health problems than children in one-parent households.[4]

Household Composition Census of population, Statistics Canada, 2016

% Married or common law 6 3 .1 %

% Never married 2 5 .2 %

% Separated 2 .7 %

% Divorced 5 .8 %

% Widowed 3 .2 %

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 % of population aged 15 and up

Due to rounding, these may not add up to exactly 100%

14.2% 2.6 Percentage of the population Average household size who are lone parents

Housing (Census of population, Statistics Canada, 2016)

Housing refers to an individual’s living space and can range from private residences to collective dwellings to shelters. Characteristics of a community’s housing situation can provide some insight on the health status and needs of that community. For instance, it has been shown that spending 30% or more of a household’s income on housing is considered “unaffordable”. Housing costs may include mortgage payments, bills, property tax or other maintenance fees.[5] Households spending 30% of their income on housing are less able to afford healthy food and other basic living costs.

Individuals who require major repairs or restoration to their dwellings may be indicative of an inadequate or poor housing situation. [5,6] Research has found that unaffordable or inadequate housing can negatively impact physical, mental, developmental and social health. Individuals may not have the necessary income or resources to repair their dwelling, which could add more situational stress and lead to poorer health. Major repairs could include defective plumbing or electrical wiring, or repairs needed to structures such as floors and walls.

13,915 33.2% Number of dwellings Percentage of dwellings that are single detached houses

23.9% 6% Percentage of the population Percentage of the population who rent their dwelling whose dwelling is in need of major repairs

24.5% Percentage of households with 30% or more of income spent on shelter

Mobility (Census of population, Statistics Canada, 2016)

Mobility refers to an individual’s geographic movements over time. It is often classified by identifying an individual’s place of residence on a certain day (known as the reference date) and comparing that to the place of residence for the individual on the same reference date at an earlier time period.[7]

39.9% Percentage of the population in 2016 who moved in the past 5 years

Factors that affect health

The following section describes some of the factors that influence the health and well-being of communities. It is important to note that, although these factors impact health in their own right, they are interrelated and work together to contribute towards the health of communities. Income

Income greatly impacts health by affecting living conditions (e.g., adequate Gross median household income housing and transportation options), access to healthy choices (e.g., healthy Census of population, Statistics Canada, 2016 food options and recreational activities), and well-being (e.g., stress levels).

Those with the lowest levels of income tend to experience the poorest health and health seems to improve with increasing income. This means that all segments of the population experience the effect of income on health, not just those living in poverty.

Education

People with higher levels of education tend to be healthier than those with less formal education. Education impacts job opportunities, working conditions, and income level. In addition, education equips us to better understand and make informed choices about the health options available.

Highest Level of Education Census of population, Statistics Canada, 2016

% No certificate, diploma, or degree 9 .6 %

% Secondary (high) school diploma or 2 5 .7 % equivalent % Post-secondary certificate, diploma, 6 4 .7 % or degree

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 % of population aged 15+

Due to rounding, these may not add up to exactly 100% Employment Employment rate Census of population, Statistics Canada, 2016 Employment provides income and a sense of security for individuals. Underemployment or unemployment can lead to poorer physical and mental well-being due to reduced income, lack of employment benefits and elevated stress levels. Employment conditions such as workplace safety and hours of work can also impact health.

Physical Environment

Physical environment can promote healthy behaviours by increasing access to healthy food outlets, affordable housing, walking or biking paths, and smoke-free environments. How communities are planned and built can make healthy options, like active transportation, more available, affordable, and accessible for everyone.

By keeping health and physical activity accessibility in mind when planning policy and designing physical spaces, communities can help create healthier environments for citizens.

Active Living Environment Physical environments can promote healthy behaviours and there is an increasing interest in the promotion of built environments that facilitate more active living in daily life. The Canadian Active Living Environments (CanALE) database is a geographically-based set of measures that represents the active livingness, or “walkability”, of communities. In the map shown below, “least” indicates that the dissemination area is least favourable to active living and “most” indicates that the area is most favourable to active living in the province-wide scores of ALE classes.[8] Canadian Active Living Environments Class

McGill University (2019)

Caution for Analysis of Certain DAs in Rural Areas: Although Can-ALE measures are valid for most rural areas, there are certain DAs with uncommon built or economic environments that may affect statistical analysis (e.g., isolated resort areas, remote communities not connected by road).

Mode of Transportation to Work Census of population, Statistics Canada, 2016

% Commuting by private motor 7 9 .1 % vehicle

% Commuting by 1 6 .3 % public transit 16% Percentage of the population aged % Commuting by 2 .9 % 15+ who have a commute of equal walking to or greater than 60 minutes

% Commuting by (Census of population, Statistics Canada, 0 .6 % bicycle 2016)

% Other 1 .1 %

0 25 50 75 100 % of employed population aged 15+

Due to rounding, these may not add up to exactly 100%

Deprivation

The conditions in which people live, work and play can vary greatly. These variations can contribute to what is known as deprivation, resulting in certain populations facing health inequalities and marginalization.

The Canadian Index of Multiple Deprivation (CIMD) is an area-based index of deprivation and marginalization that can provide a cross-sectional measure of social-wellbeing. [9] The CIMD presents an understanding of inequalities based on four dimensions of deprivation including: situational vulnerability, economic dependency, ethno-cultural composition and residential instability (see text at the end of this section).

Each dimension is divided into score quintile rankings. In the map shown below, “least” indicates the dissemination area as least deprived for that dimension and “most” indicates the area as most deprived in the province-wide scores of deprivation.

Source: Statistics Canada. (2019). Canadian Index of Multiple Deprivation. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 45-20-0001.

CHSA Multiple Deprivation Index (CMDI)

2019

Legend for CMDI Situational vulnerability Least 2 3 Ethno-cultural composition 4 Most Economic dependency Missing

Residential instability

Source: CMDI is a composite index of deprivation for CHSA derived from Statistics Canada. (2019). Canadian Index of Multiple Deprivation. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 45-20-0001.

Situational vulnerability refers to differences in socio-demographic conditions in factors such as housing, education and other characteristics. Indicators contributing to this dimension include: the proportion of population that identifies as Aboriginal, the proportion of population aged 25-64 without a high school diploma, the proportion of dwellings needing major repairs, the proportion of population that is low-income, and the proportion of single parent families.

Ethno-cultural composition refers to the make-up of immigrant populations within the community. Indicators contributing to this dimension include: the proportion of population who self-identify as a visible minority, the proportion of population that is foreign-born, the proportion of population who are recent immigrants, and the proportion of population who are linguistically isolated (have no knowledge of either official languages).

Economic dependency refers to the dependency on the workforce or on other sources of income. Indicators contributing to this dimension include: the proportion of population participating in labour force, the proportion of population aged 65 and older, the ratio of employment to population, and the dependency ratio, which is the population aged 0-14 and aged 65 and older divided by the population aged 15-64.

Residential instability refers to the tendency of neighbourhood inhabitants to change over time, while taking into consideration characteristics such as housing and family. Indicators contributing to this dimension include: the proportion of dwellings that are apartment buildings, the proportion of people living alone, the proportion of dwellings that are owned, and the proportion of population who moved within the last five years.

Attachment to a General Practitioner or Group Practice

One important social determinant of health and a key strategy to reducing health inequities is access to primary healthcare. [10] However, this access has been found to vary based on factors such as income, education, social support and area of residence. Attachment to a regular general practitioner improves access to primary care, as general practitioners often act as the first point of contact for individuals to the healthcare system.

Attachment is also an indicator of continued care as individuals who are attached to a general practitioner or family practice are provided with long-term, consistent care by health professionals who understand their health needs. This often reduces the need for duplicate testing and provides a more comprehensive and integrated care experience for the patient. [11]

71% 80% Percentage of population who are Percentage of population who are attached to a general practitioner attached to a group practice with GPs and Nurse Practitioner

B.C. Ministry of Health. (2019). Attachment to GP Data, 2018/19.

Health Status: Chronic Diseases

One of the biggest challenges to achieving healthy communities is preventing and managing chronic conditions that develop over time, such as diabetes, respiratory illnesses, high blood pressure, heart disease, and cancer. Chronic diseases, also known as non-communicable diseases, are diseases that are persistent and generally slow in progression, which can be treated but not cured. Chronic conditions result from a complex combination of genetics, healthy lifestyle practices, and environments and often have common risk factors. The section below provides a glimpse into the chronic diseases profile of the CHSA and how it compares to the health status of other CHSAs within their LHA as well as to B.C. overall. Cancer Data (BC Cancer Registry, 2015-2017)

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in Canada. Over half of all cancers may be prevented through personal health practices such as no-smoking, physical activity, healthy eating, and reduced sun exposure.

All Cancers Female Breast Cancer Crude Incidence (per 100,000): 437.2 Crude Incidence (per 100,000): 135.5

All Cancer Deaths Colorectal Cancer Crude Mortality (per 100,000): 138.5 Crude Incidence (per 100,000): 47.0

Crude Incidence Rates of Cancer Across Neighbouring CHSAs

The following section shows the crude incidence and mortality rates of cancers in all CHSAs within their LHA. If any LHA has only one CHSA, there will be only one bar in the chart for the CHSA.

Crude Incidence Rates of All Cancers for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) BC Cancer Registry (2015-2017) 600

) 4 7 2 .4 4 7 6 .8 4 6 6 .3 0

0 4 3 7 .2 0 ,

0 400 0 1

/ 3 1 5 .9 (

e t a R

c 200 n e d i c n I

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

Crude Incidence Rates of Colorectal Cancer for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) BC Cancer Registry (2015-2017) 80

) 6 4 .4 0 0

0 60 , 5 3 .0 0

0 4 6 .5 4 7 .0 1

/ 4 2 .7 (

t 40 a R

e c n e

d 20 i c n I

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

Crude Incidence Rates of Female Breast Cancer for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) BC Cancer Registry (2015-2017) 200 ) 0

0 1 5 1 .2 0 , 150 1 3 5 .5 0

0 1 1 8 .1

1 1 1 3 .6 / (

9 9 .3 e

t 100 a R

e c n

e 50 d i c n I

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

Crude Mortality Rates of All Cancers for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) BC Cancer Registry (2015-2017) 200

1 8 9 .6 1 8 7 .1 1 6 0 .7 ) 0

0 150

0 1 3 8 .5 , 0 0 1 / (

e 100 t

a 7 9 .2 R

y t i l a t 50 r o M

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

Heart and Circulatory Illness (B.C. Chronic Disease Registry, 2017/18)

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among Canadian adults, and includes heart attacks, strokes, heart failure, and ischemic heart disease. High blood pressure, also called hypertension, contributes to increased risk of cardiovascular diseases as well as chronic kidney disease.

Acute Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure Crude Incidence (per 1000): 1.3 Crude Incidence (per 1000): 2.0 Crude Prevalence (per 100): 1.3 Crude Prevalence (per 100): 1.3

Hospitalized Stroke Hypertension Crude Incidence (per 1000): 1.0 Crude Incidence (per 1000): 14.1 Crude Prevalence (per 100): 0.7 Crude Prevalence (per 100): 20.6

Ischemic Heart Disease Crude Incidence (per 1000): 5.4 Crude Prevalence (per 100): 7.1

Respiratory Illness (B.C. Chronic Disease Registry, 2017/18)

Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD) are two important chronic respiratory diseases. Asthma often occurs in those with a genetic predisposition to the illness and can be caused by allergens in the environment, tobacco smoke, chemical exposure in the workplace, or air pollution. COPD is a long-term lung disease that is often associated with smoking.

Asthma Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder Crude Incidence (per 1000): 5.7 Crude Incidence (per 1000): 4.1 Crude Prevalence (per 100): 11.5 Crude Prevalence (per 100): 3.5

Mental Illness (B.C. Chronic Disease Registry, 2017/18)

Mental illness refers to diagnosable psychiatric conditions such as depression, anxiety and mood disorders, and schizophrenia and delusional disorders. Mental illness can also include diseases such as Alzheimer’s.

Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementia Depression Crude Incidence (per 1000): 2.9 Crude Incidence (per 1000): 11.4 Crude Prevalence (per 100): 1.2 Crude Prevalence (per 100): 22.8

Mood & Anxiety Disorders Schizophrenia and Delusional Disorders Crude Incidence (per 1000): 18.5 Crude Incidence (per 1000): 0.4 Crude Prevalence (per 100): 28.8 Crude Prevalence (per 100): 0.6

Neurological Conditions (B.C. Chronic Disease Registry, 2017/18)

Neurological disorders affect the central and peripheral nervous systems. It can include diseases such as epilepsy, Parkinsonism, and multiple sclerosis.

Epilepsy Multiple Sclerosis Crude Incidence (per 1000): 0.4 Crude Incidence (per 1000): 0.2 Crude Prevalence (per 100): 0.7 Crude Prevalence (per 100): 0.2

Parkinsonism Crude Incidence (per 1000): 0.4 Crude Prevalence (per 100): 0.4

Bone Diseases (B.C. Chronic Disease Registry, 2017/18)

Bone diseases affect or limit mobility and dexterity and is one of the leading causes of physical disabilities. These conditions can affect individuals of all ages and includes conditions such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis and gout.

Gout Osteoarthritis Crude Incidence (per 1000): 2.1 Crude Incidence (per 1000): 4.6 Crude Prevalence (per 100): 2.5 Crude Prevalence (per 100): 6.8

Osteoporosis Rheumatoid Arthritis Crude Incidence (per 1000): 6.2 Crude Incidence (per 1000): 1.3 Crude Prevalence (per 100): 8.2 Crude Prevalence (per 100): 0.9

Metabolic Disorders (B.C. Chronic Disease Registry, 2017/18)

Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic disorders and usually occurs in adults, although rates among children are rising. Long term complications of diabetes can include other chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease.[12]

Diabetes Chronic Kidney Disease Crude Incidence (per 1000): 5.7 Crude Incidence (per 1000): 4.2 Crude Prevalence (per 100): 6.6 Crude Prevalence (per 100): 2.2

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Chronic Diseases Across Neighbouring CHSAs

The following section shows the age-standardized prevalence and incidence rates in all CHSAs within their LHA.

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Acute Myocardial Infarction for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18) 1.5 1 .3 1 .3 1 .2 1 .2 1 .1 1 .1 1 .1 1 .1 1 .0 1 0 .8 e t a R 0.5

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

A g e St a n da r di z ed I n c i den c e Ra t e (per 1000) A g e St a n da r di z ed P r ev a l en c e Ra t e (per 100)

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementia for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18) 4

3 .2 3 2 .8 2 .4 2 .1 e t

a 2 R 1 .3 1 .3 1 .1 1 .0 1 0 .8 0 .5

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

A g e St a n da r di z ed I n c i den c e Ra t e (per 1000) A g e St a n da r di z ed P r ev a l en c e Ra t e (per 100)

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Asthma for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18) 15 1 2 .7 1 1 .8 1 1 .4 1 0 .3 9 .5 10 e t a 5 .9 R 5 .4 5 .5 5 .6 5 4 .3

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

A g e St a n da r di z ed I n c i den c e Ra t e (per 1000) A g e St a n da r di z ed P r ev a l en c e Ra t e (per 100)

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Chronic Kidney Disease for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18) 7.5

5 .6 5 .5

5 4 .7 4 .7

e 3 .7 t a

R 2 .9 2 .5 2 .7 2 .5 2.5 2 .1

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

A g e St a n da r di z ed I n c i den c e Ra t e (per 1000) A g e St a n da r di z ed P r ev a l en c e Ra t e (per 100)

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18) 4 3 .4 3 .1 2 .9 3 .0 3 2 .8 2 .5 2 .5 2 .3

e 2 .0 t

a 2 1 .6 R

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

A g e St a n da r di z ed I n c i den c e Ra t e (per 1000) A g e St a n da r di z ed P r ev a l en c e Ra t e (per 100)

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Depression for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18) 30

2 3 .6 2 2 .5 2 2 .4 1 9 .9 20 1 6 .7 e t

a 1 2 .6

R 1 1 .0 1 1 .6 1 1 .3 9 .5 10

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

A g e St a n da r di z ed I n c i den c e Ra t e (per 1000) A g e St a n da r di z ed P r ev a l en c e Ra t e (per 100)

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Diabetes for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18) 10 8 .3 7 .8 7 .5 9 .0 7 .6 9 .0 7.5 6 .5 6 .7 6 .8 6 .1 e t

a 5 R

2.5

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

A g e St a n da r di z ed I n c i den c e Ra t e (per 1000) A g e St a n da r di z ed P r ev a l en c e Ra t e (per 100)

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Epilepsy for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18) 1

0 .8 0.75 0 .7 0 .7 0 .7

e 0 .5 0 .5 0 .5 0 .5 t

a 0.5 0 .4 R 0 .3 0.25

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

A g e St a n da r di z ed I n c i den c e Ra t e (per 1000) A g e St a n da r di z ed P r ev a l en c e Ra t e (per 100)

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Gout for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18) 3 2 .6 2 .3 2 .3 2 .3 2 .2 2 .1 2 .0 1 .9 2 1 .8 1 .7 e t a R 1

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

A g e St a n da r di z ed I n c i den c e Ra t e (per 1000) A g e St a n da r di z ed P r ev a l en c e Ra t e (per 100)

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Heart Failure for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18) 4

3 .1 2 .9 3 2 .7 2 .6 e t 1 .8

a 2 1 .6 1 .6 R 1 .5 1 .5 1 .1 1

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

A g e St a n da r di z ed I n c i den c e Ra t e (per 1000) A g e St a n da r di z ed P r ev a l en c e Ra t e (per 100)

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Hospitalized Stroke for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18) 1.5

1 .0 1 0 .9 0 .9 0 .9 0 .8 0 .8 e

t 0 .7 a 0 .6 0 .6 R 0 .5 0.5

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

A g e St a n da r di z ed I n c i den c e Ra t e (per 1000) A g e St a n da r di z ed P r ev a l en c e Ra t e (per 100)

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Hypertension for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18) 20 1 7 .8 1 6 .8 1 7 .3 1 6 .0 1 6 .5 1 6 .5 1 5 .9 1 5 .3 1 8 .4 1 4 .4 e t

a 10 R

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

A g e St a n da r di z ed I n c i den c e Ra t e (per 1000) A g e St a n da r di z ed P r ev a l en c e Ra t e (per 100)

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Ischemic Heart Disease for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18) 7.5 6 .4 6 .2 6 .0 5 .9 5 .3 5 .0 5 .1 4 .9 5 .0 5 4 .6 e t a R 2.5

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

A g e St a n da r di z ed I n c i den c e Ra t e (per 1000) A g e St a n da r di z ed P r ev a l en c e Ra t e (per 100)

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Mood and Anxiety Disorders for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18) 40

3 0 .0 30 2 7 .8 2 8 .3 2 5 .4 2 2 .5

e 1 9 .4 t 1 8 .4

a 20 1 6 .5 1 7 .1 R 1 4 .6

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

A g e St a n da r di z ed I n c i den c e Ra t e (per 1000) A g e St a n da r di z ed P r ev a l en c e Ra t e (per 100)

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Multiple Sclerosis for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18) 0.3

0 .2 0 .2 0 .2 0 .2 0.2 e t a R 0 .1 0 .1 0 .1 0 .1 0 .1 0.1

0 .0 0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

A g e St a n da r di z ed I n c i den c e Ra t e (per 1000) A g e St a n da r di z ed P r ev a l en c e Ra t e (per 100)

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Osteoarthritis for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18) 10

7 .6 7 .9 7 .2 7.5 7 .1 6 .2 5 .9 5 .5 5 .3 5 .1 e 4 .8 t

a 5 R

2.5

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

A g e St a n da r di z ed I n c i den c e Ra t e (per 1000) A g e St a n da r di z ed P r ev a l en c e Ra t e (per 100)

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Osteoporosis for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18) 4 3 .4 3 .3 3 .4 3 .4 3 .7

2 .6 2 .2 2 .2 e t

a 2 1 .7 1 .7 R

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

A g e St a n da r di z ed I n c i den c e Ra t e (per 1000) A g e St a n da r di z ed P r ev a l en c e Ra t e (per 100)

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Parkinsonism for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18) 0.4

0 .3 0 .3 0 .3 0 .3 0.3

e 0 .2 0 .2 0 .2 0 .2 t

a 0.2 R

0 .1 0 .1 0.1

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

A g e St a n da r di z ed I n c i den c e Ra t e (per 1000) A g e St a n da r di z ed P r ev a l en c e Ra t e (per 100)

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Rheumatoid Arthritis for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18) 1.5 1 .3

1 .1 1 .1 1 .0 1 .0 1 .0 1 .0 1 .0 1 0 .9 0 .8 e t a R 0.5

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

A g e St a n da r di z ed I n c i den c e Ra t e (per 1000) A g e St a n da r di z ed P r ev a l en c e Ra t e (per 100)

Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates of Schizophrenia and Delusional Disorders for all CHSAs in Tri-Cities (LHA) B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18) 2

1 .5 1.5 1 .2 e t

a 1

R 0 .7 0 .7 0 .7 0 .5 0.5 0 .4 0 .4 0 .4 0 .3

0 2241 North Coqui… 2242 Southwest C… 2243 Southeast C… 2244 Port Coquitl… 2245 Port Moody/… CHSA

A g e St a n da r di z ed I n c i den c e Ra t e (per 1000) A g e St a n da r di z ed P r ev a l en c e Ra t e (per 100)

Comparison to B.C. Average

The following chart shows how the CHSA’s age-standardized incidence and prevalence rates for various chronic diseases differ from the provincial rates. A negative value indicates that the CHSA rate is lower than the provincial rate while a positive value indicates it is higher.

Comparison of Age-Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates for Selected Chronic Diseases in Port Moody/Anmore/Belcarra to B.C. Rates B.C. Chronic Disease Registry (2017/18)

-0 .6 Acute Myocardial Infarction -0 .6

-2 .1 Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dem… -1 .2

0 .0 Asthma -0 .9 1 .6 Chronic Kidney Disease 0 .2 -2 .7 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Dis… -2 .8 -2 .4 Depression -3 .0

-0 .3 Diabetes -1 .2 -0 .2 Epilepsy -0 .2 -0 .8 Gout -0 .9 -0 .5 Heart Failure -0 .5 -0 .4 Hospitalized Stroke -0 .2

-5 .8 Hypertension -6 .0 -1 .4 Mood & Anxiety Disorders -1 .9 0 .0 Multiple Sclerosis -0 .1

Osteoarthritis -1 .4 -1 .4 -3 .1 Osteoporosis -5 .5

-0 .4 Parkinsonism -0 .2 0 .5 Rheumatoid Arthritis -0 .2 -0 .3 Schizophrenia and Delusional Disor… -0 .6

-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 Rate

A g e- St a n da r di z ed Di f f er en t i a l I n c i den c e Ra t e A g e- St a n da r di z ed Di f f er en t i a l P r ev a l en c e Ra t e

Glossary

Age-standardization: An age-standardized rate is a rate that would have existed if the population had the same age distribution as the selected reference population. The Community Health Service Area health profiles uses the 2011 Canadian standard population weights from the Ministry of Health as the reference population, and chronic disease incidence and prevalence rates have been age-standardized using the direct standardization method with five-year age groups.

Crude rates: These rates are not adjusted to the standard population, and represent the number of cases in a specific geographic region divided by the population/population-at-risk in that region. Crude rates are representative of the burden of disease in the population.

Incidence: The number of people newly diagnosed with a condition in a population during a specific time period is called the incidence. Incidence is often presented as a rate – the number of people who get sick over the number of people at risk of getting sick in a specified time frame.

Prevalence: The total number of people with a condition in a population during a specific time period is called the prevalence. Prevalence differs from incidence in that it includes people who have been living with the condition for many years. Prevalence is often presented as a rate – the number of people living with a condition over the total population in a specified time frame.

Primary Care Network community: A Primary Care Network (PCN) community is composed of one or more PCNs that together service a geographic region which, in turn, is defined by an amalgamation of CHSAs. A PCN consists of a network of interdisciplinary clinicians engaged in team-based practice. PCNs act as a hub to connect healthcare providers, streamline referrals, and provide better support for health practitioners. PCNs are part of the Ministry of Health's vision for a more integrated and effective primary care system in B.C.

Recent immigrant: Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant or permanent resident in Canada. [13] In the CHSA health profiles, recent immigrants are individuals who, at the time of the Canadian Census 2016 (May 10th), had immigrated to Canada within the past five years.

Refugee: Refugee are immigrants who were granted permanent resident status because they can no longer return to their home country for fear of persecution due to their race, religion, nationality, social group membership or political opinion. [13] Refugee can also refer to individuals who have been affected by civil war or armed conflict or have suffered a serious human rights violation and are resettling in Canada. Data Sources

BC Cancer. (2020). Cancer Data, 2015-2017.

B.C. Ministry of Health. (2018). Chronic Disease Registry, 2017/18.

B.C. Ministry of Health. (2019). Attachment to GP Data, 2018/19.

McGill University. (2019). Canadian Active Living Environments, 2016. Retrieved from https:// nancyrossresearchgroup.ca.

Statistics Canada. (2018). 2016 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X201001.

Statistics Canada. (2019). Canadian Index of Multiple Deprivation, 2016. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 4520-0001.

References 1. BC Data Catalogue. (2020). Description of the geographic characteristics of Community Health Service Areas (CHSA). Retrieved from https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/68f2f577-28a7-46b4-bca9-7e9770f2f357/resource/ad676aae- f441-4715-9ade-eafb17edbad0/download/chsa_descriptions_2018.xlsx. 2. Statistics Canada. (2012). Household. Retrieved from https://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p3Var.pl? Function=Unit&Id=96113 3. Robards, J., Evandrou, M., Falkingham, J., Vlachantoni, A. (2012). Marital status, health and mortality. Maturitas, 73(4), 295-299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2012.08.007 4. Amato, P. R., & Patterson, S. E. (2017). Single-parent households and mortality among children and youth. Social Science Research, 63, 253-262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2016.09.017 5. Statistics Canada. (2017). Release and Concepts Overview, 2016 Census of Population: Housing. Retrieved from https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/ref/98-501/98-501-x2016007-eng.cfm 6. Waterston, S., Grueger, B., & Samson, L. (2015). Housing need in Canada: Healthy lives start at home. Paediatrics and Child Health, 20(7), 403-407. doi: 10.1093/pch/20.7.403 7. Statistics Canada. (2012). Dictionary, census of Population, 2016: Mobility status, five years. Retrieved from https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/ref/dict/pop172-eng.cfm 8. Ross, N., Wasfi, R., Hermann, T., & Gleckner, W. (2019). Canadian Active Living Environments Database (Can-ALE). Retrieved from http://canue.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/CanALE_UserGuide.pdf 9. Statistics Canada. (2019). The Canadian Index of Multiple Deprivation: User Guide. Retrieved from https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/45-20-0001/452000012019002-eng.htm 10. Smithman, M. A., Brousselle, A., Touati, N., Boivin, A., Nour, K., Dubois, C.,…& Breton, M. (2018). Area deprivation and attachment to a general practitioner through centralized waiting lists: a cross-sectional study in Quebec, Canada. International Journal for Equity in Health, 17(176). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-018-0887-9 11. Schers, H., van den Hoogen, H., Bor, H., Grol R., & van den Bosch, W. (2005). Familiarity With a GP and Patients’ Evaluations of Care. A Cross-Sectional Study. Family Practice, 22(1), 15-19. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmh721 12. World Health Organization. (2018). Diabetes. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact- sheets/detail/diabetes 13. World Health Organization. (n.d.). Metrics: Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY). Retrieved from https://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/metrics_daly/en/ 14. Statistics Canada. (2017). Release and Concepts Overview, 2016 Census of Population: Immigration and ethnocultural diversity. Retrieved from https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/ref/98501/98-501-x2016008-eng.cfm

Acknowledgements The Community Health Services Area (CHSA) Health Profiles were developed by the BC Centre for Disease Control, Provincial Health Services Authority, in support of the development of primary care networks (PCNs) and community-level healthy living strategies across B.C. The B.C. Ministry of Health’s primary prevention strategy recognizes the importance of local interests in supporting the creation of environments that promote healthy living.

These profiles will help inform primary care network partners, public health partners, local governments and community organizations on the health and well-being of their communities. As such, the profiles will continue to be updated as data and resources become available to address the changing needs of the communities. Thank you to all of our partners who have contributed to the development of these profiles. Contact For queries about the data related to this profile, please contact [email protected]

For queries about the related community, please contact [email protected]