The NSB a History in Highlights 1950-2000
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Frank Press 1924–2020
perspectives KEN FULTON AND MARCIA MCNUTT Remembering Frank Press 1924–2020 Frank Press, portrait by Jon Friedman, 1995 rogress in the authoritative use of scientific evidence Press was born on December 4, 1924, and grew up in New to guide wise government policy is a story of people, York City, the son of Russian Jewish immigrants. He recalled ideas, and institutions. As an example, Frank Press being a poorly performing student in the public school Plaunched Issues in Science and Technology as a vehicle to system until sixth grade, when a pair of glasses allowed him provide a forum in which a community of experts could to read the blackboard. Early on, he developed an interest share their experiences, opinions, and proposals for in science from reading periodicals such as Popular Science advancing science in the public interest under the banner and Popular Mechanics, but it was a high school geology of a trusted, nonpartisan science policy institution. It is teacher who ignited his interest in the geosciences. While therefore most fitting that we highlight here Press’s many conducting an assigned magnetic survey of Van Cortland contributions to science policy through his ideas and the Park in the Bronx, he realized that with geophysics he could institutions he built. apply his aptitude for physics to explore the unknown. 20 ISSUES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY perspectives Press completed a physics major at City College of New excitation of Earth’s free oscillations for the very first time, York in 1944 in just two and a half years, studying year- thus deriving new information about the structure of Earth’s round as was common during the war years. -
Women in Congress: Historical Overview, Tables, and Discussion
Women in Congress: Historical Overview, Tables, and Discussion ,name redacted, Information Research Specialist ,name redacted, Specialist on the Congress December 28, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R43244 Women in Congress: Historical Overview, Tables, and Discussion Summary A record 108 women currently serve in the 114th Congress: 88 in the House (including 4 Delegates; 65 Democrats and 23 Republicans) and 20 in the Senate (14 Democrats and 6 Republicans). This passed the previous record from the 113th Congress (101 women initially sworn in, and 1 House Member subsequently resigned and 3 were elected). The first woman elected to Congress was Representative Jeannette Rankin (R-MT, 1917-1919, 1941-1943). The first woman to serve in the Senate was Rebecca Latimer Felton (D-GA). She was appointed in 1922 and served for only one day. Hattie Caraway (D-AR, 1931-1945) was the first Senator to succeed her husband and the first woman elected to a six-year Senate term. A total of 313 women have been elected or appointed to Congress, 202 Democrats and 111 Republicans. Of these women, 267 (173 Democrats, 94 Republicans) women have been elected only in the House of Representatives, 1 each from Guam, Hawaii, the District of Columbia, and American Samoa and two from the U.S. Virgin Islands; 35 (21 Democrats, 14 Republicans) women have been elected or appointed only in the Senate; 11 (8 Democrats, 3 Republicans) women have been elected or appointed in both houses; and a total of 38 African American women have served in Congress (1 in the Senate, 37 in the House), including 20 serving in the 114th Congress. -
Barbara Mikulski
Spring 1994 / Vol 4 No 2 Published Winter, Spring and Fall The Annenberg School for Communication University of Pennsylvania Women in Politics: Barbara Mikulski Ford Foundation Grant to ASC: Promoting Intergroup Cooperation ow can mass media commu- nication be used to promote Htolerance, reduce tensions, and promote cooperation between the many ethnic and racial groups living in urban areas? This question is at the center of a new Annenberg School research project, supported by a $193,000 grant from the Ford Foundation. The study, which will be under the direction of Dean Kathleen Hall Jamieson and Senior Researcher Dr. Daniel Romer, will provide research Until recently, to aid in the design and evaluation of “ access to money for paid media has been a Philadelphia public education cam- the single most significant obstacle to breaking the glass paign. The Philadelphia campaign will ceiling for women in either Senate, House, or Governors’ serve as a test for using similar strate- races,” declared Barbara Mikulski (D-Maryland) in a speech gies to overcome intergroup tensions in other urban areas. to the Annenberg School on February 28, 1994. “Now it is In the first phase of the study, changing and it is changing fast.” researchers will conduct interviews The importance of fundraising and television advertising for female candidates with Philadelphia residents to identify was at the core of Mikulski’s speech, which was part of the School’s Women in the psychological and social barriers Politics Lecture Series. The first Democratic woman ever elected to the Senate in that impede better intergroup relations. her own right described the typical path of many women into politics as being Residents are being selected from through “sweat equity” campaigns for local office. -
Brief Biography of Professor Richard Zare Born on 19 November, 1939 in Cleveland, Ohio, USA, Dr
Brief biography of professor Richard Zare Born on 19 November, 1939 in Cleveland, Ohio, USA, Dr. Richard Zare is the Marguerite Blake Wilbur Professor in Natural Science, Department of Chemistry, Stanford University. His research covers many different areas but is quite noted for advances in laser chemistry, resulting in a greater understanding of chemical reactions at the molecular level and contributing very significantly to solving a variety of problems in chemical analysis. His development of laser induced fluorescence as a method for studying reaction dynamics has been widely adopted in other laboratories. Awards include the U.S. National Medal of Science (1983), the Welch Award in Chemistry (1999), the Wolf Prize in Chemistry (2005), the BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in the Basic Sciences (2010), and the King Faisal International Prize in Science (2011). He has also received honorary doctorates from Uppsala University and Chalmers Institute of Technology among other institutions. His memberships include the National Academy of Sciences, the Royal Society, the Swedish Royal Academy of Engineering Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Indian Academy of Sciences, and The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS) for developing countries. From 1992 to 1998, he served on the National Science Board, the policy making board of the United States National Science Foundation, the last two years as its Chair. He presently chairs COSEPUP, the Committee on Science, Engineering and Public Policy of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. Brief biography of professor Stefan W. Hell Stefan W. Hell is a director at the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry in Göttingen, where he leads the Department of NanoBiophotonics. -
Presidential Files; Folder: 11/22/77; Container 52
11/22/77 Folder Citation: Collection: Office of Staff Secretary; Series: Presidential Files; Folder: 11/22/77; Container 52 To See Complete Finding Aid: http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/library/findingaids/Staff_Secretary.pdf TIIE PRESIDENT'S SCHEDULE Tuesday - November 22,1977 8:15 Dr. Zbigniew Brz.ezinski The Oval Office . 8:45 .Hr . Frank Moore The Oval Office. 10:00 Medal of Science Awards. (Dr. Frank Press). ·Room 450, EOB. I \ 10:30 Mr. Jody Powell The Oval Office. 11:00 Presentation of Diplomatic Credentials. (Dr. Zbigniew Brzezinski} - The Oval Office. 11:45 Vice President Walter F. Mondale, Admiral Stansfield Turner, and Dr. Zbigniew Brzezinski. The Oval Office. 12:30 Lunch \..,-::_ th Hrs. Rosalynn Carter ·- The Ovctl Office. 2:00 Budget Review Meeting. (Mr. James Mcintyre). ( 2 hrs.) The Cabinet Room. THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON \"~ Date: November 22, 1977 l\ vo\ \'~ MEMORANDUM t)lDifll FOR ACTION: '" FOR INFORMATION: Stu Eizenstat ~t""'"' Frank Moore (Les Francis)~ The Vice President Jack Watson Bob Lipshutz Jim Mcintyre FROM: Rick Hutcheson, Staff Secretary SUBJECT: Adams memo dated 11/22/77 re Response to the Boston Plan and Location of Rail Maintenance Facilit.y in the Northeast Corridor YOUR RESPONSE MUST BE DELIVERED TO THE STAFF SECRETARY BY: TIME: 11:00 AM DAY: Monday DATE: November 28, 1977 ACTION REQUESTED: _x_ Your comments Other: STAFF RESPONSE: __ I concur. __ No comment: Please note other comments below: PLEASE ATTACH THIS COPY TO MATERIAL SUBMITTED. If you have any questions or if you anticipate a delay in submitting the required material, please telephone the Staff Secretary immediately. -
Discover the History of Science the History of the Royal Society
Discover the history of science The history of the Royal Society Founded in 1660, the Royal Society is the Boyle and John Wilkins, the group national academy of science in the UK, soon received royal approval, and from made up of a Fellowship of approximately 1663 it would be known as ‘The Royal 1,600 of the world’s most eminent Society of London for Improving Natural scientists. Throughout our history, we Knowledge’. have played a part in some of the most life-changing discoveries, and remain The early years of the Society saw dedicated to recognising, supporting, revolutionary advancements in the and promoting excellence in science. conduct and communication of science. Hooke’s Micrographia and the first The origins of the Royal Society lie in issue of Philosophical Transactions a group of people who began meeting were published in 1665. Philosophical in the mid-1640s to discuss the new Transactions, which established the philosophy of promoting knowledge of important concepts of scientific priority the natural world through observation and peer review, is now the oldest and experiment, which we now call continuously published science journal science. The very first ‘learned society’ in the world. meeting on 28 November 1660 followed a lecture at Gresham College To find out more, visit: by Christopher Wren. Joined by other royalsociety.org/about-us/history leading polymaths including Robert Image: Illustrations showing microscopic views of seaweed and rosemary from Micrographia,by Robert Hooke, 1665. The Royal Society’s journal of the history of science. Editor: Professor Anna Marie Roos, University of Lincoln, UK. -
Revamping Federal Climate Science Recommendations for the Next President of the United States
GETTY SHIPING IMAGES/LIU Revamping Federal Climate Science Recommendations for the Next President of the United States By John Podesta, Bidisha Bhattacharyya, and Bianca Majumder December 2020 WWW.AMERICANPROGRESS.ORG Contents 1 Introduction and Summary 4 Recommendations to restore scientific integrity across the government 9 Recommendations for rebuilding the federal climate science workforce 13 Recommendations to coordinate climate science in the White House and across the federal government 19 Recommendations to define interagency climate science research and data priorities 31 Recommendations for prioritizing adaptation and resilience 34 Recommendations to promote international coordination on climate science 40 Conclusion 41 About the authors 41 Acknowledgments 44 Appendix: References and further reading 46 Endnotes Introduction and summary The United States has been the global leader in climate science for decades. Unfortunately, progress has slowed—and in some cases, even moved backward— over the past four years, with the Trump administration dismantling core elements of the federal climate science apparatus. As the country and the planet head toward an increasingly unstable climate, the U.S. government needs to get back to the business of being the preeminent source of trusted applied science that supports climate change mitigation and adaptation decision-making of governments and civilian stakeholders. The science is clear: To avoid the worst impacts of climate change, the United States and the world must take aggressive action to decarbonize all sectors of the global economy, protect the Earth’s natural systems, and limit warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels. This means achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions globally by no later than 2050 and ensuring an equitable and just transition to a clean energy economy. -
Institutional and Individual Influences on Scientists' Data Sharing Behaviors
Syracuse University SURFACE School of Information Studies - Dissertations School of Information Studies (iSchool) 2013 Institutional and Individual Influences on Scientists' Data Sharing Behaviors Youngseek Kim Follow this and additional works at: https://surface.syr.edu/it_etd Part of the Library and Information Science Commons Recommended Citation Kim, Youngseek, "Institutional and Individual Influences on Scientists' Data Sharing Behaviors" (2013). School of Information Studies - Dissertations. 85. https://surface.syr.edu/it_etd/85 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Information Studies (iSchool) at SURFACE. It has been accepted for inclusion in School of Information Studies - Dissertations by an authorized administrator of SURFACE. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Abstract Institutional and Individual Influences on Scientists’ Data Sharing Behaviors by Youngseek Kim In modern research activities, scientific data sharing is essential, especially in terms of data-intensive science and scholarly communication. Scientific communities are making ongoing endeavors to promote scientific data sharing. Currently, however, data sharing is not always well-deployed throughout diverse science and engineering disciplines. Disciplinary traditions, organizational barriers, lack of technological infrastructure, and individual perceptions often contribute to limit scientists from sharing their data. Since scientists’ data sharing practices are embedded in their respective disciplinary contexts, -
CHEMISTRY Life in an RNA World
wint'00.html Vol. I U · C H E M I S T R Y Life in an RNA World by Donald H. Burke, Assistant Professor of Chemistry Donald Burke joined the chemistry department as an assistant professor after receiving a PhD at the University of Califormia, Berkeley, and postdoctoral studies at the University of Colorado. We are indebted to him for this summary of the ongoing efforts in his and others' laborotories in this exciting research area. The Editors RNA-based life? It is the sort of thing they might have used on Star Trek, if they could have found a way to work it into the plot. They had creatures made from gigantic crystals, swarms of microscopic robots with a collective consciousness, and creatures that floated through outer space. Vulcan biochemistry was different enough that it used copper in place of iron to carry oxygen. Why not a cellular life form devoid of proteins, that used RNA molecules to perform catalysis and maintain genetic information? For the most part, if a macromolecule is doing work in a cell here on earth, that molecule is a protein, with a few notable, but isolated exceptions. Does it have to be that way? Can RNA replace proteins or even repair metabolic damage wrought by proteins that misbehave? The question lies at the heart of some avenues of biomedical and microbial engineering, and the answer may reveal much about the earliest forms of life on earth. The last four decades have seen a steady shift in the perception of RNA's role in biology. -
Mosher History
VI. PROFESSORS, BRIEF BIOGRAPHICAL SUMMARIES 1976-2000 These brief biographical summaries, listed in the order of their appointments to the faculty, are not intended to be complete and will of course become out of date after the year 2000. The reader is referred to contemporary volumes of American Men and Women of Science for more information and to the ACS Directory of Graduate Research for publication lists. JAMES MURRAY LUCK. Biochem. B.S. Toronto, Ph.D. Cambridge, England, 1925. Student of J.B.S. Haldane and Sir Gowland Hopkins. Demonstrator Toronto, 1925-26; Asst. Prof. to Prof., Stanford 1926-34, Prof. 1934-65; Emeritus 1965. “1856 Exhibitor Research Scholarship”. Founding editor of Annual Reviews of Biochemistry and the many subsequent Annual Reviews Series in other fields. Fellow AAAS, Fellow Calif. Acad. Sci. Born Paris, Ontario, Canada 1898. Died Stanford 8/26/1993. WILLIAM ANDREW BONNER. Org. Chem. A.B. Harvard, Ph.D. Northwestern, 1944. Student of C.D. Hurd. Instr. to Prof., Stanford 1946-59, Prof. 1959-83, Emeritus 1983. Guggenheim Fellow ETH, Zurich, Switzerland 1953. Born Chicago 1919. RICHARD HALLENBECK EASTMAN. Org. Chem. A.B. Princeton, Ph.D. Harvard, 1944. Student of R.B. Woodward. Asst. Harvard 1944-46; Instr. to Prof., Stanford 1946-59; Prof. 1959-83, Emeritus 1983. NSF Fellow, U. Marburg 1958-59. Born Erie, PA 1918. Died Stanford 6/18/2000. HARRY STONE MOSHER. Org. Chem. A.B. Willamette U., M.S. Ore. State Coll., Ph.D. Penn. State Coll. 1942. Student of F.C. Whitmore. Asst. Prof. Willamette 1939-40; Penn. State Coll.1942-47; Asst. -
Breaking Barriers in History
Breaking Barriers in History Take inspiration for your 2020 History Day project from the Chesapeake Bay! Many of these topics can be researched at the Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum. Colonial and Revolutionary Era Gilded Age to World War II • William Claiborne, the Calverts, and the • The Maryland Workmen’s Compensation Act dispute over Kent Island (1902), Franklin v. The United Railways and • Maryland Toleration Act (1649) Electric Company of Baltimore (1904), and the evolution of workers’ compensation laws • Peggy Stewart and the Annapolis Tea Party • Gustav Brunn and the history of Old Bay • The tobacco industry in the Chesapeake • Myers v. Anderson (1915) • Battle of the Severn • William Preston Lane, Jr. and the Chesapeake Early National and Antebellum Era Bay Bridge • Compromise of 1790 • Rachel Carson and the environmental • Chesapeake-Leopard affair and the Embargo movement of 1807 • Crab pickers, packinghouse workers and the • Emancipation of Maryland and Virginia strikes of the 1930s slaves by the British during the War of 1812 • Ruth Starr Rose, advocating for racial respect • William Pinkney (politician, lawyer and through art diplomat) Civil Rights Movement/ • Richard Allen, Absalom Jones, Daniel Coker, Vietnam War to the Present and the formation of the African Methodist • Gloria Richardson, the Cambridge Movement, Episcopal (AME) Church (1816) and riots of 1963 and 1967 • Mason-Dixon Line • Morgan v. Virginia (1946) • Charles Ball and Fifty Years in Chains; or, • The Clean Water Act (1972) The Life of an American Slave -
2012 Annual Report Page 1
COSSA Consortium of Social Science Associations 2012 ANNUALREPORT Advocating for the Social and Behavioral Sciences Governing Members MEMBERS American Association for Public Opinion Research American Economic Association American Educational Research Association American Historical Association American Political Science Association Colleges and Universities American Psychological Association American Society of Criminology Arizona State University American Sociological Association Boston University American Statistical Association Brown University Association of American Geographers University of California, Berkeley Association of American Law Schools University of California, Irvine Law and Society Association University of California, Los Angeles Linguistic Society of America University of California, San Diego Midwest Political Science Association University of California, Santa Barbara National Communication Association Carnegie-Mellon University Population Association of America University of Chicago Society for Research in Child Development Clark University University of Colorado Columbia University Membership Organizations University of Connecticut Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences Cornell University American Finance Association University of Delaware American Psychosomatic Society Duke University Association for Asian Studies Georgetown University Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management George Mason University Association of Academic Survey Research Organizations George Washington University Association of Research