DOCSLIB.ORG

Manx Shearwater Chicks; Seasonal, Parental, and Genetic Influences On

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Manx Shearwater Chicks; Seasonal, Parental, and Genetic Influences On The Condor 88:324-327 0 The Cooper Ornithological Society 1986 MANX SHEARWATER CHICKS: SEASONAL, PARENTAL, AND GENETIC INFLUENCES ON THE CHICK’S AGE AND WEIGHT AT FLEDGING’ M. DE L. BROOKED ZoologyDepartment, Edward Grey Institute, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom Abstract. Manx Shearwater(Pu@zuspujinus) pairs on Skokholm Island, Wales, typically breed together over several seasons,rearing one chick per year. There is a seasonal decline of chick fledgingweight. Even after correction for this decline, pairs tend to rear chicksthat are consistently heavier or lighter than predicted on the basis of the chick’s hatching date. These deviations may reflect pair quality. Weight and hatching date of a chick are not correlated with age of fledging. However, fledging agesof full siblingsshow significantlyless variation than thoseof nonsiblings.The characterappears highly heritable, with a heritability value around 0.84. This is the first study to addressthe extent to which the fledging age of wild birds is genetically determined. Key words: Manx Shearwater;Puffinus puffinus;fledging age; heritability. INTRODUCTION Jones 1974) and laying date (Van Noordwijk There is apparent variation in the extent to et al. 1980). On the whole, “characters with which the age of fledging in birds mirrors en- the lowest heritabilities are those most closely vironmental circumstances.In certain species, connected with reproductive fitness,while the such as Audubon’s Shearwater (Pujinus Iher- characters with the highest heritabilities are minieri)(Harris 1969)and the Common Swift those that might be . the least important as (&us apus) (Lack 1956) age of fledging is determinants of natural fitness” (Falconer highly variable. When feeding conditions are 1960). favorable, chicks develop and fledge more rap- There are few studiesof heritability of growth idly than when food is scarce.In other species, rate and fledging age in wild birds. In one ex- for example, Sooty Shearwaters (P. griseus), ception, Ricklefs and Peters(198 l), usingcross- fledging occurs at a similar age regardlessof fostering experiments, found a low heritability the fledgling’s weight (Richdale 1963). Weight of growth rate in European Starlings (Sturnus presumably reflects the food supply provided vulgaris).No studiesaddress genetic influences for the chick by the parents. on fledging age, perhaps because in multi- Perrins et al. (1973) have shown that, in the young, nidicolous broods fledging is a process Manx Shearwater (P. pu$kzus)which naturally involving complex parent-chick interactions rears a single chick, experimentally twinned (Davies 1976). This problem arisesless mark- chicks fledge at a lighter weight than controls. edly in burrow-nestingProcellariiformes, since Nevertheless, they fledge at the same age as the chick is deserted by the parents sometime controls and with a similar wing length. This before fledging. (The Manx Shearwater deser- resistanceof fledging age to environmental in- tion period averages 8.5 days [Harris 19661.) fluences suggeststhat it is a character at least Fledging is then a singular event which occurs partly under geneticcontrol. The present study in the absence of contemporaneous parental explores the suggestionfurther. influences. Studies of the heritability of avian mor- phology have mostly reported heritability val- METHODS ues ranging from 40 to 90% (see Boag 1983). From 1973 through 1976 on Skokholm Island, These high values probably representheritable Wales, I maintained a group of study burrows morphological variation, rather than the shar- in which all breeding Manx Shearwaterswere ing of a common environment by parents and banded. Manx Shearwater pairs are normally offspring(Smith and Dhondt 1980, but seealso faithful in successiveyears to each other and James 1983). Lower heritability values have return to the same breeding burrow. As a re- generally been reported for other phenotypic sult, faithful pairs raise in different years a se- characters, such as clutch size (Perrins and ries of chicks that are full siblings. The max- imum possiblenumber of chicks in each such “family” in this study is four, the number of I Received 2 1 August 1985. Final acceptance26 March 1986. Edited by Charles Blem. years the study continued. Change of mate and 2Present address: Zoology Department, Downing Street, burrow are both more likely after breeding fail- Cambridge CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom. ure (Brooke 1978). 13241 FLEDGING MANX SHEARWATERS 325 TABLE 1. Mean weight and age of Manx Shearwater TABLE 3a. Analysis of variance of fledging weight of chicks when fledging on Skokholm, 1973-1976. chicks reared by 56 unchanged Manx Shearwater pairs that reared chicksin two or more of the years, 1973-1976. Yea1 Mean weight (9) + SE (n) Mean age (days) -t SE (n) 1973 438.2 * 5.4 (57) 71.3 ? 0.4 (53) SOUPX df 1974 455.2 -t 5.7 (57) 71.1 f 0.4 (56) 1975 427.1 * 5.1 (41) 71.4 + 0.4 (39) Between pairs 55 119,434 2,172 2.00 1976 444.7 f 5.5 (54) 70.9 + 0.4 (53) Within pairs 92 99,845 1,085 (P < 0.005) Total 147 219,279 Note: There are significant differences between years in fledging weight (F,,,,,= 4.27, P < O.Ol), but not in fledging age (F,,,,, = 0.22, IX). Burrows were inspecteddaily in the hatching tend to hatch on the same date. Consequently, period to determine the hatching date. Chicks it would be expected that unchanged pairs were examined daily from 35 days of age until would raise chicks of similar fledging weight fledging at about 70 days. During the latter in different years, and this was observed (Table period chicks were weighed daily, at the same 3a). time each day. Peak weight, which occurs be- Knowing the regression of fledging weight tween Days 39 and 61 (Harris 1966), was on hatching date for a particular year (Table therefore known, as were fledging weight, age 2) it is possible to predict the fledging weight when last fed, and age at fledging. As many as of a chick hatching on a particular date and 55 chicks were reared in the study burrows then determine the magnitude and sign of the eachyear. The sexof the chickswas not known. deviation from the prediction shown by any one chick. If unchangedManx Shearwaterpairs RESULTS show consistent differences in their ability to Mean weight of chicksfledging from study bur- feed chicks, then the within-pair variance in rows varied significantly between years (Table this residual value should be lessthan the be- l), but age of fledging did not vary. Since the tween-pair variance. This was observed (Table chicks are reared by a random selection of 3b). Thus, after correcting for date, individual breeding adults, these results imply that there pairs tend to fledge chicks at a weight which are signifcant differencesbetween years in en- is consistentlygreater or lessthan expected on vironmental (feeding?) conditions. the basis of the chick’s hatching date. In each year except 1976, there was a sig- There are insufficient data available to de- nificant negative correlation (P < 0.01) be- termine whether this result is in any way due tween fledgingweight and hatching date (Table to the fact that successfulpairs typically breed 2). The decline in weight through the season in the sameburrow in successiveyears (Brooke could either be due to a deterioration in feeding 1978). The result is not simply a reflection of conditions later in the seasonor to a tendency body size, for example, large parents raising for pairs lessproficient at feeding chicks to lay large heavy chicks. Although body size in and hatch their eggslater. The fact that the rate shearwaters appears to be strongly heritable of decline of fledging weight differed between (Brooke 1977), there is no significant corre- years (Table 2) suggeststhat environment is at lation (r = 0.134, II = 197, n.s.) between fledg- least partly responsiblefor that decline. ing weight and body size, as measured by 60- It is already known that female Manx Shear- day tarsus length. waters, which remain paired to the same male Multiple regression analysis of the age of in successiveseasons, tend to lay on the same fledgingof chicks used four independent vari- date, both absolutely and relative to the pop- ables:the chick’s age when last fed, the chick’s ulation (Brooke 1978). Their chicks therefore age when at peak weight, the fledging weight, TABLE 2. Correlation coefficientsand slopes(g/day) of TABLE 3b. Analysis of variance for residuals, from linear regressionsof fledging weight on hatching date for the regressionof fledging weight on hatching date, of the Manx Shearwaterchicks fledging on Skokholm, 1973-l 976. fledging weights of chicks reared by 56 unchangedManx Shearwaterpairs that reared chicks in two or more of the Sample years, 1973-1976. YCZX I Slope SE size 1973 -0.415 -2.44 0.749 53 Sum of MeaIl 1974 -0.393 -1.57 0.501 56 SOUP3 df squares square F 1975 -0.469 -1.72 0.533 39 Between pairs 79,755 1,450 1.54 1976 -0.200 -0.96 0.659 53 Within pairs 86,420 939 (P < 0.05) Note: There are no significant dilkences between years in the regression Total 147 166,175 coefficient. 326 M. DE L. BROOKE TABLE 4. Multiple regressionof the age in days (Y) at TABLE 5. Analysis of variance of fledgingage of chicks which Manx Shearwaterchicks fledge on four independent reared by 106 unchangedManx Shearwater pairs in one variables: X, = age (days) when last fed, X, = age (days) or more of the years, 1973-1976. when at peak weight; X, = fledgingweight(g); X, = hatch- ing date (10 June = 0). The regression equation Between pairs 105 1,134.7 10.81 2.63 Y= 58.5 + 0.174X, + 0.102X, 0.00916X, + 0.0254X, Within pairs 89 365.4 4.11 (P < 0.005) Standard deviations t-rat,0 = Total 194 1,500.l of coefficients coetlx3D P 4 0.0498 3.49 CO.001 X, 0.0394 2.60 CO.01 XX 0.00502 -1.82 n.s.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Journals of Interest - Mathematics and Science Education
    Page 1 2/17/17Confidential Page 1 2/17/17Created by Office 2004 Test Drive UserMacintosh HD:Users:iMac3:Desktop:crmse stuff:Journals:Journals_Dec_16.docxCRMSE Journal Review May 2008 Journals of Interest - Mathematics and Science Education December 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS Journal ................................................................................................... Page Educational Researcher……………………………………………………………………2 Volume 45, Issue 9 ............................................................................................................ 2 Educational Studies of Mathematics……………………………………………………....3 Volume 94, Issue 1, Pgs 1-116………………………………………………………...….3 Mathematical Thinking and Learning ………………………………………………….....4 Volume 19, Issue 1 ............................................................................................................ 4 Journal of Research in Science Teaching………………………………………......….….5 Volume 53, Issue 10………………………………………………………..……...……...5 International Journal of Science Education………………………………….............………..…6 Volume 38, Issue 15 .......................................................................................................... 6 Volume 38, Issue 16………………………………………………………...……….……7 Volume 38, Issue 17………………………………………………………………..….….8 Science Education…………………………………………………………………….…..9 Volume 101, Issue 1…………………………………………………………………………………9 Journal of College Science Teaching…………………………………………………….10 Volume 46, Issue 3………………………………………………………………………10 International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science
    [Show full text]
  • From So Simple a Beginning... the Expansion of Evolutionary Thought
    From So Simple A Beginning... The Expansion Of Evolutionary Thought #1 #2 From So Simple A Beginning... The Expansion Of Evolutionary Thought Compiled and Edited by T N C Vidya #3 All rights reserved. No parts of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior permission of the publisher. c Indian Academy of Sciences 2019 Reproduced from Resonance–journal of science education Published by Indian Academy of Sciences Production Team: Geetha Sugumaran, Pushpavathi R and Srimathi M Reformatted by : Sriranga Digital Software Technologies Private Limited, Srirangapatna. Printed at: Lotus Printers Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru #4 Foreword The Masterclass series of eBooks brings together pedagogical articles on single broad top- ics taken from Resonance, the Journal of Science Education, that has been published monthly by the Indian Academy of Sciences since January 1996. Primarily directed at students and teachers at the undergraduate level, the journal has brought out a wide spectrum of articles in a range of scientific disciplines. Articles in the journal are written in a style that makes them accessible to readers from diverse backgrounds, and in addition, they provide a useful source of instruction that is not always available in textbooks. The sixth book in the series, ‘From So Simple A Beginning... The Expansion Of Evolu- tionary Thought’, is a collection of Resonance articles about scientists who made major con- tributions to the development of evolutionary biology, starting with Charles Darwin himself, collated and edited by Prof. T. N. C.
    [Show full text]
  • 2015 Annual Report
    2015 ANNUAL REPORT VICTOR MATOS VAZQUEZ ADRIAN MATRAM JASON LEWIS MATSON MATTHEW MATSON SCOTT P MATSON MICHAEL A MATTEO SPENCER W MATTERS JASON P MATTHES JEFF ALLEN MATTHES JUSTIN MATTHES SUPPLE MATTHEW BILLY GENE MATTHEWS JR BLAIN MATTHEWS BOBBY N MATTHEWS BRIAN K MATTHEWS CHRISTOPHER SCOTT MATTHEWS DAMON A MATTHEWS DAVID MATTHEWS DENNIS MATTHEWS EUGENE MATTHEWS JAMES B MATTHEWS JONATHAN H MATTHEWS KARL MATTHEWS KENNETH E MATTHEWS MARK R MATTHEWS MARY C MATTHEWS MICHAEL D MATTHEWS MICHAEL E MATTHEWS PAUL MATTHEWS RAY E MATTHEWS JR RHONDA MATTHEWS ROBERT A MATTHEWS RYAN S MATTHEWS STEPHANIE R MATTHEWS TERESA A MATTHEWS TERRY MATTHEWS TRACY MATTHEWS MITCHELL D MATTINGLY KYLE MATTINSON JOHN MATTOCKS JEFFERY A MATTOX JEFFERY ALLEN MATTOX II JOSHUA JDM MATTSON KAM MATTU JOSEPH J MATUSKA TAMMY MATUSZAK MANUEL MATUTE BACHES JOSEPH MAUGERI BRUCE MAUGHAN GAYLEN C MAUGHAN JAYDEN MAUGHAN JORDAN R MAUGHAN THOMAS J MAUK ANDREW FERRELL MAULDIN ARTHUR L MAULDIN CHELSI MAULDIN MICHAEL MAULDIN KYLIE MAUNDRELL RANDY K MAURER TOBIAS MAURICE MARIBEL MAURICIO ANGELINE MAURO DAVID L MAUSEHUND KEVIN A MAVIS ANTHONY D MAXWELL CAMERON MAXWELL COLTON D MAXWELL DAVIS MAXWELL ERIC L MAXWELL JAMES TONY MAXWELL KIM MAXWELL MICHAEL W MAXWELL RODNEY MAXWELL CRAIG C MAY CRAIG M MAY GORDON D MAY JAMES A MAY JEDIDIAH E MAY JEREMY M MAY JOSEPH CHRISTOPHER MAY JUSTIN MAY KELVIN MAY KENNETH D MAY MARK E MAY MICHEAL T MAY SCOTT A MAY WILLIE D MAY DANIEL MAYA DONALD GENE MAYBERRY MARLON C MAYBERRY CLAYTON TYLER MAYER JOHN MAYER JOHN ZACHARY MAYER TROY MAYER JULIAN L MAYERS
    [Show full text]
  • John Maynard Smith Archive (1948-2004) (Add MS 86569-86840) Table of Contents
    British Library: Western Manuscripts John Maynard Smith Archive (1948-2004) (Add MS 86569-86840) Table of Contents John Maynard Smith Archive (1948–2004) Key Details........................................................................................................................................ 1 Arrangement..................................................................................................................................... 2 Provenance........................................................................................................................................ 2 Add MS 86569–86574 Reprints and copies of articles and book chapters by John Maynard Smith (1952–2003)...................................................................................................................................... 3 Add MS 86575–86596 Correspondence files, F–Z (1975–1991).............................................................. 5 Add MS 86597–86830 Subject files (1948–2003).................................................................................. 18 Add MS 86831–86835 Notebooks and plant lists (1973–2003)............................................................... 223 Add MS 86836–86837 Lecture notes ([c 1990–c 1999])........................................................................ 226 Add MS 86838–86839 Artefacts and books (1983–2001)....................................................................... 227 Add MS 86840 Annotations and manuscripts with offprints received by John Maynard Smith (1952?–2003)...................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Selection-Mutation-Drift Theory of Synonymous Codon Usage
    Copyright 0 1991 by the Genetics Society of America The Selection-Mutation-DriftTheory of Synonymous Codon Usage Michael Bulmer' Department of Statistics, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3TG, England Manuscript received March 13, 199 1 Accepted for publication July 6, 199 1 ABSTRACT It is argued that the bias in synonymous codon usage observed in unicellular organismsis due to a balance between the forces of selection and mutation in a finite population, with greaterbias in highly expressed genes reflecting stronger selection for efficiency of translation. A populationgenetic model is developed taking into account population size and selective differences between synonymous codons. A biochemical model is then developed to predict the magnitude of selective differences between synonymous codons in unicellular organisms in which growth rate (or possibly growth yield) can be equated with fitness. Selection can arise from differences in either the speed or the accuracy of translation. A model for the effect of speed of translation on fitness is considered in detail, a similar model for accuracy more briefly. The model is successful in predicting a difference in the degree of bias at thebeginning than inthe rest of the gene under some circumstances, as observed in Escherichia coli, but grossly overestimates the amount of bias expected. Possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed. YNONYMOUScodons (coding forthe same balance ina finite population between selection favor- S amino acid) are often used with very different ing an optimal codon for each amino acid and muta- frequencies (GRANTHAMet al. 1980, 1981; IKEMURA tion together with drift allowing the persistence of 1985; BULMER1988a; SHARP1989; ANDERSONand nonoptimal codons.
    [Show full text]
  • The Development of Francis Galton's Ideas on the Mechanism of Heredity
    Journal of the History of Biology 32: 263–292, 1999. 263 © 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands. The Development of Francis Galton’s Ideas on the Mechanism of Heredity MICHAEL BULMER The Old Vicarage Chittlehampton Umberleigh EX37 9RQ U.K. Abstract. Galton greeted Darwin’s theory of pangenesis with enthusiasm, and tried to test the assumption that the hereditary particles circulate in the blood by transfusion experiments on rabbits. The failure of these experiments led him to reject this assumption, and in the 1870s he developed an alternative theory of heredity, which incorporated those parts of Darwin’s theory that did not involve the transportation of hereditary particles throughout the system. He supposed that the fertilized ovum contains a large number of hereditary elements, which he collectively called the “stirp,” a few of which are patent, developing into particular cell types, while the rest remain latent; the latent elements can be transmitted to the next generation, while the patent elements, with rare exceptions, cannot since they have developed into cells. The problem with this theory is that it does not explain the similarity between parent and child unless there is a high correlation between latent and patent elements. Galton probably came to realize this problem during his subsequent statistical work on heredity, and he quietly dropped the idea that patent elements are not transmitted in Natural Inheritance (1889). Galton thought that brothers and sisters had identical stirps, and he attributed differences between them to variability in the choice of patent elements from the stirp, that is to say to developmental variability.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Introduction
    Notes 1 Introduction 1. Shils 1985: 166–7. 2. Huxley 1871: 152–3. Original emphasis. 3. Durkheim 1982: 162. 4. Mills 1959. 5. Durkheim 2005; Weber 1949. 6. Tönnies 2001. 7. Abbott 1999; Cristobal Young 2009. Demonstrating the extent to which they still command the attention of scholars in the early twenty-first cen- tury, a number of new studies of classical generation thinkers have been published in the past decade. For example, on Weber see Radkau 2009 and Ringer 2005, whilst on Durkheim see: Schmaus 2004 and Alexander and Smith 2005. 8. Weber 1958. On Weber’s difficult relationship with German sociology, in particular the German Sociological Association, see: Proctor 1991: part 2, especially chapter 10. 9. For example: Giddens 1971. Indeed, interpreting the relationship between Marx and Weber is a crucial part of understanding how thinkers from dif- ferent sides of the political spectrum, such as Talcott Parsons and Perry Anderson, who are discussed shortly, have given quite different readings of not just Weber but classical sociology as a whole. 10. For more on Parsons, see: Hamilton 1983; Holmwood 1996. 11. Parsons 1937. Parsons’ translations of Weber were, however, conservative compared to those of Weber’s European translators. As a consequence, the American reading of Weber, which presents him as providing an alternative to Marx’s historical materialism, is frequently very different to European interpretations of Weber. For more on the mid-twentieth-century political context for these different readings see: Roy MacLeod 2006. 12. Martin Bulmer 1985: 15; Shils 1980: 182, n. 7; MacRae 1972: 47. Indeed, Tawney provided a foreword to Parsons’ translation of Weber’s The Protestant Work Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism.
    [Show full text]
  • OZCOTS 2008 Proceedings
    OZCOTS 2008 Proceedings of the 6th Australian Conference on Teaching Statistics Editors: Helen L. MacGillivray Queensland University of Technology Michael A. Martin Australian National University Statistical Education Section Victorian Branch ISBN: 978-0-9805950-0-0 1 PREFACE OZCOTS 2008 6th Australian Conference on Teaching Statistics The Australian Learning and Teaching Council, ALTC, http://www.altc.edu.au (formerly The Carrick Institute of Learning and Teaching in Higher Education), was established late 2004 and is an initiative of the Australian Government Department of Education, Science and Training. Its mission is to promote and advance learning and teaching in Australian higher education. OZCOTS 2008 combined the interests of the Statistics Education Section of the Statistical Society of Australia Inc with activities of Professor Helen MacGillivray’s ALTC Senior Fellowship program entitled “The teaching and assessment of statistical thinking within and across disciplines”. The Senior Fellowship Scheme supports leading educators to undertake strategic, high profile fellowship activities in areas that support the ALTC mission. Senior Fellows undertake a full time program of highly strategic fellowship activities over one year. Helen was one of the inaugural Senior Fellows. The six invited speakers at OZCOTS 2008 were members of the Fellowship’s international collaborative team, and their participation in OZCOTS 2008 was fully funded by the Fellowship. OZCOTS 2008 acknowledges the support of the Australian Statistical conference 2008 and the Victorian Branch of the Statistical Society of Australia Inc (SSAI) OZCOTS 2008 Conference Committee Helen MacGillivray (joint chair, joint editor), Queensland University of Technology Brian Phillips (joint chair, local arrangements), Swinburne University Michael Martin (joint editor), Australian National University Kay Lipson, Swinburne University Peter Howley, University of Newcastle 2 Brief Biographies of Invited Speakers Professor Adrian Bowman, Department of Statistics, University of Glasgow, Scotland.
    [Show full text]
  • A Critical Analysis of a Theology of Disability in the Australian Catholic
    A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF A THEOLOGY OF DISABILITY IN THE AUSTRALIAN CATHOLIC CHURCH: A QUALITATIVE STUDY INTO CONTEMPORARY INCLUSIONARY PRACTICES by Zachariah P. Duke BTh(Hons) (ACU), GradCertDisabSt (Flinders), GradCertTertTeach (Curtin) A Thesis submitted in complete fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Discipline of Philosophy, Religion and Theology School of Humanities and Social Science Faculty of Education and Arts The University of Newcastle 29 June 2015 STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university or other tertiary institution and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, contains no material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made in the text. I give consent to the final version of my thesis being made available worldwide when deposited in the University’s Digital Repository, subject to the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. Zachariah P. Duke 29 June 2015 Page 2 STATEMENT OF CANDIDATE CONTRIBUTION The candidate, ZACHARIAH PATRICK DUKE, certifies that this is the approved version of the following thesis: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF A THEOLOGY OF DISABILITY IN THE AUSTRALIAN CATHOLIC CHURCH: A QUALITATIVE STUDY INTO CONTEMPORARY INCLUSIONARY PRACTICES Zachariah Duke 29 June 2015 Page 3 STATEMENT OF ENDORSEMENT BY SUPERVISING COMMITTEE The Supervising Committee of ZACHARIAH PATRICK DUKE certifies that this is the approved version of the following thesis: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF A THEOLOGY OF DISABILITY IN THE AUSTRALIAN CATHOLIC CHURCH: A QUALITATIVE STUDY INTO CONTEMPORARY INCLUSIONARY PRACTICES Supervising Committee: Dr Alex Beveridge Emeritus Professor Terry Lovat 29 June 2015 29 June 2015 Page 4 THESIS ABSTRACT This thesis examines the role of the Australian Catholic Church, its leaders and its relevant agencies and organisations in advocating for and welcoming people living with a disability into the life of the Church.
    [Show full text]
  • Dissertation
    Evaluating Learning Theory-based Methods for Improving the Learning Outcomes of Introductory Statistics Courses A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy James Baglin B.App.Sci (Psych)(Hons) School of Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences College of Science, Engineering and Health RMIT University June 2013 Declaration I, James Baglin, declare that: • except where due acknowledgement has been made, the work of this thesis is my own • the work in this thesis has not been submitted previously, in whole or in part, to qualify for any other academic award • the content of this thesis is the result of work which has been carried out since the official commencement date of the approved research program • any editorial work, paid or unpaid, carried out by a third party has been acknowl- edged • and any ethics procedures and guidelines have been followed. James Baglin June 2013 ii To my pop, the last true gentleman. – Brian J. Walsh (Oct 25, 1934 - Aug 19, 2010) Acknowledgements I would like to acknowledge a number of very important people that contributed to and enabled the completion of this dissertation. Firstly, I must acknowledge my primary supervisor, Associate Professor Cliff Da Costa. His support, wisdom and guidance throughout my candidature will never be forgotten. Cliff is a role model I will always admire. I am very fortunate and hon- oured to have been his student since the first year of my undergraduate degree. I must also thank my secondary supervisor, Associate Professor Anthony Bedford, for sharing his positivity when times were uncertain and keeping me busy in my “spare” time.
    [Show full text]