F/Ewelrll-Making

BULK RATE U.s. POSTAGE - PA I 0 IC ALBANY, N. Y. 413 NORTH PEARL STREET Permit No. 1648 ALBANY, NEW YORK 12201 34TH YEAR OF PUBLICATION Address Correction Requested

EDWARD L f/ewelrll- MakiNg THE NUMBER ONE HOBBY fOR DENTISTS

Doctor, ic is another unique service of your Ticonium Laboratory. A magazine you can read with interest, with pleasure, and with profit. • 10 A MAGAZINE FOR DENTISTS, DENTAL ASSISTANTS, AND DENTAL HYGIENISTS INDEX TO 1974 TIC Published monthly by TICONlUM COMPANY, About Your Staff January Guiding Occlusal Development ~~ May Division of CMP Industries, Inc. Do~10r~ 1975 Will Ernest W. Fair J. A. Salzmann, D.D.S. Albany, New York Adhesion, Cementation, and the Dental Cements ~ . October How Are Your Teeth, Doctor? December John Lewis, B.Sc., D.D.S., M.D.Sc. Editor Joseph Strack Maurice J. Teitelbaum, D.D.S. Always Play It Safe-Always Double-Check July Contributing Arthur H. Levine, D.D.S. How's the Back of Your Building, Doctor? June Maurice J. Teitelbaum, D.D.S. Editors Maurice J. Teitelbaum, D.D.S. Be a New Baligallle Mitch Pieroneck American Academy of Dentistry July Cover Artist Edward Kasper How to Find the "Ideal Employee" ~ June American Fund for Dental Health ~~ ~~~~~~~~.~ .. ~~ . September How to Hire an Associate ~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ ~~ .~ July January 1975 Vol. XXXIV No.1 by Harold J. Ashe Angles and Impressions ~ ~ January-May, Joseph Arkin, C.P.A. Maurice J. Teitelbaum, D.D.S. July-December How to Say What You Really Mean October CONTENTS Anybody Listening-to You? To the Patient? .. ~~ April Joseph Arkin, C.P.A. Are You Charging Enough? ~ July DOCTOR, 1975 WILL BE Edward F. Leone, D.D.S. Importance of Your Beneficiary Designation, The July A NEW BAll GAME Are You Going Steady with Your Patients? ~ October I n Appreciation March Unless all usual signs are misread, we are now in, and will continue Harold J. Ashe Betty Lee Campbell There may be fewer pa Are We Whistling in the Dark? April Index to 1973 TIC January tients, with less affluence, to be in, a period which will test the management skills of dentists. Maurice J. Teitelbaum, D.D.S. Inflation Fighter: Variable Life Insurance February and an overhead too high The manner in which a dentist reacts to changing conditions may de Morton Cohen, c.L.U. Choosing an Analgesic Medium . ~ April Inside the Dental Laboratory Industry . April for the times. Here's what termine whether he continues to succeed, falls behind in practice Harry Lango, B.S., D.D.S. Raymond Martin, C.D.T. you can do about it-now! earnings, or gets into serious trouble. Communicating with Children ~ ~ January Instant Black·and-White Slides in the Dental Office July Michael J. Till, M.S., M.Ed., Ph.D. Alex Domokos DENTISTRY REACHES INTO THE Over a period of many years, with only slight interruptions or Louise J. Brearley, B.D.Sc., M.D.Sc. Keeping Pace with Dentistry September COMMUNITY: ORAL CANCER none, there has been a steady rise in the volume of patients. During Maurice J. Teitelbaum, D.D.S. Date with Harry. August SCREENING BY THE TUFTS SCHOOL Keeping Yourself and Your Staff Satisfied October this period of general prosperity, many dentists may have overlooked Sue Taylor Coons OF DENTAL MEDICINE Veryl Rosenbaum Dates to Remember: September 16, 1974 August Kenneth Fox: the Artisan Dentist May Beginning an important the practicing of economies which under other circumstances would January 15, 1975 Harold Rubin series on dental school con Harold J. Ashe have been deemed necessary. A dentist may have entered this period Delight the Donor April Let's Face It December tributions to the community 4 of steeply rising inflation accompanied by some recession with es Mitch Pieronek H. J. A. Dental Litigation March JEWELRY·MAKING: THE NUMBER ONE tablished habits of management that are unrealistic for 1975. Over William O. Morris, A.B., LL.B., J.D. Management of a Periodontal Patient, The September HOBBY FOR DENTISTS Ronald A. Monica, D.D.S. and Bernard P. Levy, D.D.S. head costs could be inflated way beyond the cost of rapidly rising Dental Viewpoint of Drug Interactions, A ~~~ ~~~~~~~~ February You will enjoy this excellent Joel Arthur, D.D.S. Most Important Thing in the Dental Office, The January inflation. Luxury costs may have crept in and, by habit, became ne Dentist Flies High Protest April Arthur H. Levine, D.D.S. presentation by a talented My Long Struggle with the Mandibular Block May Henry F. Unger hobbyist 7 cessities. Arthur H. Levine, D.D.S. Dentistry's Hall of Fame August In the event receipts drop, even slightly, a dentist may be confront The Medallic History of Dentistry $94 Question, The ~ ~~ ~ ~ February DENTISTRY'S HALL OF FAME Pierre Fouchard Marc Tyler ed with a high overhead which is difficult to pare. Or, even if patient Saint Apollonia No. 1 Dental Practice March Take three minutes to meet G. V. Black three greats of dentistry 11 volume doesn't decline, other factors can cause overhead to rise. Our Extra-Care Patients April September Arth ur H. Levine, D.D.S. Failing to reduce overhead, earnings will suffer. With the. same mar The Scientist of His Day in Dentistry Willoughby D. Miller ANGLES AND IMPRESSIONS First Woman Graduate of a Dental College Lucy Beaman Hobbs Pain Control and Acupuncture April Read this always-interesting gin between g!'oss receipts and overhead, even a slight drop in the Islam's Greatest Surgeon Who Also Provided Dental Treatment Prepare the Patient November Abulcasis Maurice J. Teitelbaum, D.D.S. column and give yourself a volume of patients may reduce net earnings by as much as 10 to Women in Dentistry Practical and Economical Correction of a good start in 1975 14 20 percent. Even when volume doesn't drop, a rise in overhead may Enjoying Dental History ~ October Lower Protrusive Denture, A June Sidney Levine, M.D.S. H. A. Beaudry, D.D.S. INDEX TO 1974 reduce net earnings. Property taxes generally continue to rise, both The First Known Dentist Hesi Re November Radiographic Technics for the Young Child A record of all the exciting, Expounder of Dental Anatomy John Hunter through higher tax rates and higher valuation. Taxing authorities at in Your Practice December worthwhile, and profitable Pioneer Prosthodontist Giuseppangelos Fonzi Harvey A. Beaver, D.D.S. all levels are in a continuous search for new forms of taxation at The Most Popular Dental Offices in the United States December material in 1974 Tic 16 Repair or Replace? December Dentistry or Vaudeville? July the expense of the professions and business. At the same time, it Harold J. Ashe Copyright 1975 Ticonium Company R.S. may be difficult to increase fees as the cost of overhead goes up. Don't Dun! May Stamping Out Dentistry April Annual Subscription, $5.00 Joseph Arkin, C.P.A. M. W. Martin Opillions expressed by contributors to There is an element of uncertainty in the economy generally that Do You Know What You're Paying For? September Stress Situations in Dental Practice August Tic do not necessarily reflect Harald J. Ashe Karlheinz Kimmel, Dr. med. dent. the viell's of the puNishers. can cause changes that may call for close attention. Shortages of Suddenly, the Patient Dies. June certain basic necessities are both real and rumored. So, management Emergency Endodontic Treatment December Treating Teeth-Instead of People August Eugene W. Brock, D.D.S. Iaa I MEMBER PUBLICATION skills that may have been sufficient, or at least adequate, in the past Maurice J. Teitelbaum, D.D.S. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF DENTAL EDITORS Ergonomics and Our Older Colleagues August ae Tufts New Dental Health Science Building March Walter Drum, Dr. med. dent. years may be insufficient now. A. L. Waitkus Tic IS microfilmed by University Extra "Closet Space" for Your Office August That a practice has "run itself" in the past without close personal Mitch Pieroneck and Bill Lentz Unappreciated Aspect of Prevention, An June Microfilms, Inc., 300 N. Zeeb Road, Lawrence F. Pace, D.D.S. Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106. attention to management aspects, is no assurance that it will do so "Fools Rush In ... " May University of Colorado School of Dentistry June US ISSN 0040-6716 Tic now. Maurice J. Teitelbaum, D.D.S. U.S. Dental Economy Today, The October What Is Your Net Worth Today? January Send all editorial contributions to Going an a Trip? Good-But ~ February Harold J. Ashe and C. V. Ashe Joseph Strack, P.O. Box 407 OUR COVER Stuart Covington Write That Article! July North Chatham, New York 12132 The benefits of this interesting, relaxing activity may be just "Good Teeth and Goad Health Go Together" ~ ... ~ . November Richard W. Janson, D.D.S. Your Dental Library ~ ~~ ~~~~~~January-July; September, December what you want, doctor. Turn to page 7 and decide if this Guided Eruption and Space Control . November Your Camera Will Document Your Losses . ~ June Printed in U.S.A. by will be your new interest in the New Year. William E. Wyatt, D.D.S. Joseph Arkin, C.P.A. .Jersey Printing Co., Inc., Bayonne, N.J.

16 TIC, JANUARY, 1975 TIC, JANUARY 1975 1 Be Selective receipts should not be overlooked. The test is wheth Timing is important in the presentation of illustrations When a dentist examines his rising costs, he may at er an expense is justified-not how large it is. An or examples. Don't go to the next step in your talk first feel that a drastic reduction is called for right down unnecessary expense representing only one-half of until you feel that the audience is with you. Antici the line in every expense that is not fixed. He may one percent of gross receipts, by its elimination, will pate questions and answer them as you go but don't be tempted to reduce some variable expenses when increase net earnings by 5 percent, if net earnings are get sidetracked. this will only increase his difficulties; if not now, then already 10 percent of gross. ( 4) If you use slides be sure they are clean, clear, certainly in the near future. Such a cure can be worse In this category could be such possibilities as the than neglect. Result-getting public relations and pro following. Reduction of the use of electricity, gas, and essential in your presentation. motion budgets may be unwisely pared when they and oil. Inventory of supplies can be carefully ex (5) Don't exceed the time limit. Even a good need to be increased. amined with a view to reducing costs, especially busi speaker can outwear his welcome. On the other hand a good many dentists probably ness office supplies-right down to the price of such (6) Always remember, you are addressing an audi have acquired some unproductive and burdensome items as pencils and paper clips. ence to express your point of view not to impress them. overhead expenses. Where earnings have been high, Some big items of expense may be necessary and equally high tax rates have had the effect of reducing justified on the basis of their productivity. These MINI-BIOGRAPHY: PAUL REVERE (1734-18181 the net cost, earnings-wise, of such overhead fluff. But, could be expenses for equipment that is modern and Paul Revere's family was originally named Rivoire regardless of tax rates, such expenses have a net cost competitive, for office occupancy cost in a favorable -Huguenot refugees who came to Boston when Paul price. This is not to suggest that tax savings are not location, and other expenses of a similar nature. was a child .... He took no part in the revolution un a major factor in cutting practice costs. However, in Payroll costs may call for closer scrutiny. One or til his famous ride .... Before the war he was engaged many instances a tax reduction may still not justify more employees may have been unable to shake off "Happy New Year, Dac. Here are a few bills for all those big, in dentistry and was a gold- and silver-smith .... Con an expense. The expense may not be justified even indifferent attitudes toward their tasks and to patients. back· breaking Christmas packages I lugged for yau last month." fident in his ability, he advertised that he could replace at the reduced cost. Such an employee must either acquire the necessary of ultrasonic instruments in prophylaxis, warns that lost teeth "as well as any Surgeon Dentist who ever attitudes and skills or should be replaced with one came from London." ... He received instruction from Analyze Costs less inflexible. extreme care should be maintained in its usuage. He John Baker, one of the first trained dentists in Amer It may be well worth your time, doctor, to go right Many dentists may hire outside services which claims that bacteremia occurs in almost 80 percent of ica, who also treated George Washington .... Revere down the line and put every expense, no matter how could be done by employees in their spare time. Even the patients who have their teeth scaled with ultrasonic identified a dead soldier at Bunker Hill from a small small, to a practical test: Does it help practice earn the elimination of one outside service can be helpful. instruments. Therefore, patients with heart valve dis prosthesis he had made, which may be one of the first ings or is it parasitical in nature? One example could be cleaning of windows. ease must be premedicated with antibiotics before For a good many dentists this management test may examples of forensic dentistry on record .... After the Some thoughtful attention to promotion, good will, treatment begins to prevent subacute endocarditis. be long overdue, regardless of economic changes gen war he gave up dentistry and continued as a gold- and and public relation activities may produce ideas that Since "organisms are liberated via the dissemination of erally. Every item of expense can be objectively exam silver-smith .... He made engraving plates for money will help to increase the patient load. Funds for ac water droplets into the surrounding area," Dr. Young ined and justified on the basis of its productivity. Ex printed in Massachusetts; designed and cast cannons tivities that are relatively unproductive may be trans cautions both operator and assistant to wear protective penses that are not productive can be eliminated. Tol and built church bells; collaborated with Robert Ful ferred to programs that are more productive, for the masks. Other things to be wary of are: (1) heat dam erating them on the basis of their reduced cost be ton in the manufacture of copper boilers for the new budgets for such result-getting activities may need age to the pulp or periodontium; (2) pain due to in cause of "tax-savings" may now be too costly. steamships; and built a rolling mill for the manufac to be increased. adequate cooling; and (3) mucosal damage from the In analyzing overhead costs, even those items which ture of sheet copper-thus founding the Revere Cop P.O. Box 7156 force of the water spray. represent only a fractional part of one percent of gross Riverside, California 92503 per Company. SPEECHMAKING TIPS Many dentists are called upon to speak before civil or social organizations or to lecture to professional groups. Here are some tips to keep your audience alert A CORRECTION and interested: In The Dental Dollar article in November 1974 Tic ex (1) If you are reading from a prepared manuscript planatory material was omitted from the table of health care be sure that the writing is for listening and not for expenditures. reading. A void stiff. formal, convoluted sentences. Below is the complete table. Pepper your talk with illustrations and don't be afraid Total Health Dental of violating grammatical rules. Sometimes incomplete Care Expenditure Services sentences can be more forceful and lively. 1950 $12,662,000,000 $ 961,000,000 (2) Know your subject and formulate your objec 1955 17,745,000,000 1,508,000,000 1960 26,895,000,000 1,977,000,000 tive. In a few sentences you should be able to summar 1965 40,468,000,000 2,808,000,000 ize the essence of what you want to have the audience 1969 64,142,000,000 4,047,000,000 remember. Repetition is important if it can be pre 1970 71,573,000,000 4,419,000,000 sented interestingly. 1971 79,795,000,000 4,860,000,000 1972* 72,761,000,000 5,048,000,000 (3) If you are trying to teach a technique, present 1973 80,048,000,000 5,385,000,000 the talk in a logical sequence. Don't skip around or ':'For Federal fiscal year (July I-June 30); figures for previous Jt~~4n. wanderfrom the subject oryou will lose your audience. years were compiled on a calendar year basis. "I LIKE TO WORK WITH DR. EIDERDOWN. HE ALWAYS HAS SUCH FUN OPERATIONS"

2 TIC, JANUARY, 1975 TIC, JANUARY 1975 15 DISCOVERY by Kay Lipske

A wife assisting her dentist husband in his office and proudly, and are immensely grateful for every for the first time embarks on a journey of discovery. thing their dentist has done. They insist on shaking For years she has listened to him talk about the his hand as they leave, and shaking her hand as well by Maurice J. Teitelbaum, D.D.S. office, and its problems, but now she learns a few in the abundance of their gratitude for a job well facts first-hand. He has told her, now and then, about done. an unusually difficult day when, in addition to a She discovers, one day, a tired, shabby little man DENTAL THISA AND DATA tists down under. . . . With the ocean covering 71 crowded schedule of appointments, he has had to take in the reception room. She thinks he must have In Germany the anti-smoking campaign has taken percent of the earth's surface and receiving most of emergencies during his lunch hour, gulping a sand stumbled into the wrong office, only to learn later a new tack. Instead of harping on the harmful effects the sun's radiation, many scientists believe that man's wich on the run. But she does not really appreciate that he has been coming to her dentist for years and of smoking, they stress the things one can buy with future source of power, food , and water will come what he meant until she goes through such a day with is greatly valued because of his cooperative manner the money saved if one is a non-smoker -like a trip from the sea .. .. Of some 600 dentists answering a him, when the telephone seems to ring at five-minute and his insistence on paying his bill the instant he around the world for two, in 30 years. The best ad questionaire in Michigan, only 18 percent said that intervals, patients in pain crowd the reception room, steps out of the dental chair. vice we've read is: "If you want to stop smoking, they read entire articles in dental journals yet 60 per and she and her dentist work without pause until clos She hears a guttural, foreign voice over the tele stop-no ands, ifs, or butts." cent said that such journals provided the best source ing time. phone and, when the patient appears for his appoint At Tufts University School of Dental Medicine a of dental information. . . . Average cost. to buy an It is then that she realizes exactly what he meant ment, she meets a rotund little man with a sports student has introduced an improved denture technique established dental practice is about $23,000 .... You when he said of an evening, "My feet are just killing shirt and no coat or tie. During a conversational in for black patients ....Work is being done on provid wouldn't think that in this "free-and-open" society me." After a day like that her feet are killing her too. terlude in the dental chair, he tells the dentist that he ing "compatible harmoniously colored denture bases" with streakers scampering about that some people H there are more problems than she had thought was born in Poland, escaped to France at the begin that look natural in the patient's mouth .... Latest would still suffer from gymnotophobia, would you? yearly average costs for a medical education is $12,- in her husband's office she finds there are more com ning of World War II, went from there to South No, its not fear of exercise, but fear of nudity .... 650 and for dentistry it is $9,050 .. . . For an interest pensations as well. There is a warm feeling of confi America with his wife, and thence to Mexico, waiting Despite all the warning about the cariogenic effect of ing, free, 22-page, illustrated journal on research in dence and camaraderie between a dentist and his years to gain entry to this country to be reunited with carbonated beverages, Americans are still drinking an periodontia and orthodontia write to: EducationalOf patients which is stimulating, heart-warming, and his son who had been in safekeeping with relatives in annual average of 24 gallons of soda, per person .... fice, Division of Research Development, University great fun. Old patients greet their dentist like one New York. Conversation Piece: Everyone has heard about Mrs. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104 .. .. Den time college pals. They praise him and assure him Whistler, the benign woman in the rocking chair, but With a radiant smile he announces that this same tists are being cautioned about the use of electric pulp they wouldn't go to anyone else. T hey tell him all what do you know about Whistler's father? Well, he son, now a college graduate with a coveted Ph.D. de testers on patients with pacemakers if transient inter about their families, and inquire about his. Occasion gree, is a professor in one of our finest universities. ference of the function of the pacemaker endangers designed and built the first American locomotive ally they swap the latest stories and have a few laughs "Only in America could such a miracle take place," the patient's health .... In 1966 fewer than 10 per equipped with a steam whistle. And you guessed it, before settling down to the serious dental business at he says proudly. cent of dental school graduates went into a specialty; it was called Whistler's Whistle .... Even great men hand. however, some educators feel that this year more than have their prejudices. Aristotle believed that men had A dental wife, helping her husband professionally, one-third of the graduates will go in for specialty train more teeth than women. His disciple, Galen, disagreed She finds there is more friendly conversation in a discovers why her dentist is less than enthusiastic ing ... . And if the population growth in those over 65 and was the first to state that both sexes had the same dental office than she had any idea. In order to relax about attending social gatherings at the end of a day years of age continues as expected, they will comprise number. Makes one wonder how bright they really his patients and relieve any inner nervousness, her which has been unusually busy. After one short week 16 percent of the population; thereby making geradon were in those days-all they had to do was examine dentist draws his patients out on their pet interests. in the office, she finds herself going to the telephone tics yet another specialty . .. . Did-You-Know? Dept: people's mouths to find out! . . . Most of the nays In a day the talk in the office may range from truck to cancel a particularly tempting party to which she In the mid-1800's the deaths of over 600 infants in about eyes can be changed to ayes, at least according driving to scientific nuclear research, to sports, and has been looking forward all week. To her husband's New York State was attributed to teething! ... To fur to a prominent Australian opthamologist. He claims prenatal care for a young mother. great amusement, she admits th at she has neither ther underscore the safety of dental x-rays, the A.D.A. that there is no such thing as eye strain and that we She discovers a great deal about human nature her mental nor physical energy left for social chit-chat at reports that dentists themselves who are constantly cannot damage our eyes by excessive use or even self in her husband's office. She finds that lovely the close of a working day. exposed to x-rays get cancer or leukemia at a later under poor conditions such as inadequate lighting. ladies, swathed in mink and ablaze with diamonds, If a dentist feels that his wife does not fully appre age than the general population . ... Despite the in are occasionally pretty poor patients, accustomed as ciate the problems he faces each day in the practice crease of the unemployed, the health services rank PROBLEMS IN ULTRASONIC PROPHYLAXIS they are to tender loving care and hovering attention of his profession , it might be a smart idea to suggest high in employment opportunities with no apparent Last year the Journal of the Kentucky Dental As at home. that she come down for a few days and assist him at change in the near future .... Australia with a popu sociation printed an article on the hazards of ultra Furthermore, she learns that often the wealthiest the office. Believe me, she will become educated in lation of 13 million has 5,300 dentists. About a hun sonic instrumentation that bears repetition. The au patients are a little slow to pay their bills, whereas a hurry, and appreciate as never before the problems dred years ago there were less than two dozen den- thor, Dr. Louis L. Yang, while cognizant of the value many of the little people of this world pay promptly and the rewards of her husband's profession.

14 TIC, JANUARY, 1975 TIC, JANUARY 1975 3 Dentistry Reaches into the Community- Oral Cancer Screening by the Tufts University School of Dental Medicine

C ommunity oral cancer screening by Tufts dental Very often it has been our experience that the patients students is rapidly becoming a de facto part of the in the program have literally not seen a dentist for First Dental Graduate and Gold Foil Pioneer undergraduate curriculum. In more than three years years. The exam is an extensive one: the hair, neck of operation, 1,000 patients have been examined by and nodes, ears, forehead, and face are inspected and Robert Arthur ( 1819- 1880) supervised Tufts students. Spearheaded by Dr. Stanley palpated. Then the lips are checked. Cheek and lip Schwartz, associate professor of Oral Health Service mucosa are examined, as is the floor of the mouth, The accompanying medal commemorates the con Colleges (1855), first president of the Maryland Den and head of the section of Diagnosis and Radiology mucobuccal folds from tuberosity to retromolar area. tributions of Robert Arthur, the first recipient of the tal Association (1866), and president of the Southern in that department, the cancer screening program has The hard and soft palates are scrutinized. The tongue D.D.S. degree, who thus became a symbolic figure Dental Association (1873). received the enthusiastic support of students, faculty, is checked. Pharyngeal examination is done by in in the history of dental education. To the great credit Robert Arthur achieved wide recognition as a skill and area health organizations committed to fighting direct laryngoscopy. The gingivae, teeth, and remov of himself and of his profession, Arthur's career was ful operator and as a pioneer in gold foil restorations cancer. Figuring most prominently in the latter group able appliances are inspected not so much for dental marked by important contributions in the four gov in operative dentistry. In the Dental News Letter in is the Massachusetts Division of the American Cancer needs as for complications of systemic disease involv erning areas of dentistry'S progress: education, or April, 1855, he made known his discovery of the Society. ing the oral region. ganization, literature and practice. welding property of annealed gold foil and presented To date, screening sessions have been conducted at: "If the patient has questions about specific dental Robert Arthur was born in Calverton, Maryland the technique for filling cavities with cohesive gold • St. Vincent Hospital in Worcester; needs unrelated to the cancer screening program we on July 22, 1819. After obtaining a good preliminary by malleting with serrated pointed instruments. Ar • three old age federally and state supported senior refer them back to their own dentist. In those cases education, Robert was persuaded by Chapin A. Har thur was also the originator of the less than meritorious citizen apartment houses in Worcester; ris to study dentistry. He became a member of the method of prophylaxis known as "Arthurizing" - • Liberty Tree Mall in Danvers; first class of the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery separating the teeth by removing a portion of the that formally began its historic role on November 3, proximal enamel surfaces to prevent caries that oc • an apartment house for the aged in Arlington; 1840. At the first commencement of the first dental curred between teeth in contact but, unfortunately, • Arlington Town Hall; college in the world on March 9, 1841, Arthur, by such teeth would then shift. • a shopping center in Braintree/Quincy; reason of alphabetical precedence, was awarded the Throughout his career Dr. Arthur was an important • a Randolph library; college's first diploma. contributor to dental literature, especially in his writ • a Halifax library; Arthur began practice in Baltimore, but after a ings on operative dentistry. He published five books: • a Congregational church in Natick. year moved to Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. Until the translation of Blandin's Anatomy of the Dental "The program," says Dr. Schwartz, "serves at least 1857 he divided his residence time between Wash System (1845); A Popular Treatise on the Diseases four purposes. First, it teaches students to observe, ington and Philadelphia. In 1852, he helped estab of the Teeth (1846); A Treatise on the Use of Ad to palpate the head and neck for enlarged nodes, to lish the Philadelphia College of Dental Surgery, serv hesive Gold Foil (1857); Some Suggestions Concern take a history, to make a diagnostic smear, and to ing as Professor of the Principles and Practice of ing the Nature and Treatment of Decay of the Teeth appreciate the value of taking a biopsy and diagnosis Dental Surgery and, in his final year (1855-56), as (1867); and Prevention of Decay (1871). These Dean. He joined with his faculty associates in 1856 by biopsy. Naturally, biopsy-taking is limited to those works were supplemented by about forty articles pub to found the Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery, facilities where the appropriate back-up facilities and lished in several dental journals. personnel are available. becoming its first dean and also retaining his former faculty title. In 1857 he resigned from this institution Robert Arthur returned permanently to Baltimore "Second, by moving the clinic into the community in 1857. On his death on June 22, 1880, many fine we take students from the educational environment of to practice in Baltimore. However, he continued to be actively concerned with the problems of dental tributes of appreciation and respect were paid to the the school and introduce them to the community. education, and his writings reflect the worth of that world's first graduate from a dental college who added Sometimes this is an apartment complex for the elder interest. to that claim to fame with forty years of dedicated ly, a nursing home, a shopping center, etc. This and valuable services to his beloved profession. gives the student a little different perspective on com Shortly after his graduation, Dr. Arthur became munity responsibility than he gets in the clinic setting, a member of the American Society of Dental Sur (These biographies, copyrighted by the Medical Her acts to reinforce his self-confidence, and introduces geons, the world's first national dental organization. itage Society, are from the Medallic History of Den Tufts students to the community where rapport is A firm believer in the benefits of organization, he was tistry, a limited series of commemorative medals easily established. an active member and officer of several professional sponsored by the Society. Subscription rolls for this "Third, patients receive a thorough oral cancer societies. He was a charter member of the Pennsyl series are closed. Waiting list information may be screening. This examination for oral lesions is cor vania Association of Dental Surgeons (1845), pres obtained from the Society at 20 North Wacker Drive, Stanley Schwartz, D.M.D., who spearheaded the cancer screening related with the patient's personal and family history. program, and student participants. ident of the Associated Alumni of American Dental Chicago, Illinois 60606.)

4 TIC, JANUARY, 1975 TIC, JANUARY 1975 13 of his services to the school, it conferred upon him Finally, at the age of 70, he retired from the field where the person does not have a family or personal dure, so it becomes a self-perpetuating program, not the honorary degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery in of dentistry and went to Danby, New York, where dentist, they are referred to the local dental society. ending when a class graduates. Last year's student 1842. he served as minister to the Swedenbotgian Church. In some cases, we refer them to their physician coordinator is Miss Debbie Sistare, '74. The examin After about 28 years of practicing dentistry in New The last two years of his life were spent in active this could happen, for example, in the case of a patient ing group is often 30 or more, presenting quite a York, Dr. Brown's eyesight began to fail. He sold retirement at the home of his son-in-law in Dodge with a chronic cough, and sore throat, a history of logistical problem in transportation for the coordi his practice and tried a variety of fields, among them Center, Minnesota, where he continued to write po cancer in the family, and lymphadenopathy." nator. the manufacturing of denture teeth as well as the etry and essays. He died on February 13, 1876 at We use the standard protocol outlined in a four The protocol involved in setting up a screening site operation of a dental supply firm. the age of 86. part form devised by the Massachusetts Division of is not fettered by red tape. The local representative the American Cancer Society. One copy is retained of the Massachusetts Division of the American Can First to Use Plaster in Dentistry by Tufts, one goes to the patient's dentist, another to cer Society contacts Dr. Schwartz. They meet at the his physician, and the fourth to the Cancer Society. site and make certain that the physical facilities e.g. Philip Pfaff (1716-1780) All patients are followed through to insure that each waiting areas, private booths, lighting, etc. are ade patient obtains whatever care is needed. quate. Patient-flow patterns are agreed upon, and Dentistry for the millions, a hope long dreamed deals with the comprehensive treatment of the teeth "A fourth bonus of the program," Dr. Schwartz spaces are set aside for the camera and smear teams. about, came a step closer to reality with the outstand as understood in Pfaff's day. He covered the treat says, "is that it allows Tufts University-through its The ACS supplies headlamps, disposable examination ing contribution of Philip Pfaff, dentist to Frederick ment of difficult dentition, extraction and sequelae School of Dental Medicine-to get involved with the gloves, tongue depressors, and other necessary diag the Great of Prussia. It was he who pioneered the use as well as the treatment of gingival abscesses and community and deliver a valuable service at no cost nostic aids. More important, Dr. Schwartz points out, of plaster of Paris for the construction of rigid casts fistulae. The prosthetic methods described are, for to the community." This is a synergistic program is the generosity of the ACS in making available a upon which accurate denture bases could be con the most part, identical with those of Fauchard and everyone participates, the cost is minimal, the educa sufficient number of ACS volunteers to expedite the structed. Pfaff cited the use of ivory, bone, hippopotamus tusk tional component is high, and the potential benefit can screenings. He was born in 1716 in Prussia, possibly in the and human teeth for replacements. be lifesparing to some members in the community. On the day of the screening, patients are ushered town of Pfaffenburg, though some German books However, the principal contribution of Philip Pfaff into the examination areas after giving a registrar list the date as early as 1701. Originally a Prussian was the use of plaster for model making, Guerini The program is tailored to the community served and the facilities used, but in every case, besides Dr. provided by the ACS-the brief but necessary pre regimental surgeon, in time Pfaff rose to prominence cites this as ". . . one of the greatest progressive examination information. Margie Burke, a volunteer when appointed royal dentist and Privy Counselor movements in dental prosthesis ... of which method Schwartz, one area physician or dentist is on hand to coordinate the program, e.g. from the Oral Health Service staff who administrates to Frederick H. one finds no trace whatever in the authors of antiquity, the program, sees that the patient is assigned to a After years of warfare against rival states for the and which it would appear was not known even to • In Halifax, Dr. John Driscoll, assistant professor leadership of central Europe Frederick succeeded in Fauchard himself." Wax impressions of an entire jaw of Oral Health Service at Tufts was present; asserting Prussia's power. Europe then enjoyed eleven were taken by Pfaff in two pieces; these were then • Dr. Morton Olin, D'50, an oral surgeon affiliated uninterrupted years of peace. During this time, Fred joined, thus avoiding errors which might have been with Boston University School of Graduate Den introduced in attempting a full impression with the erick devoted himself to the domestic affairs of his tistry was coordinator in Arlington; country by encouraging the development of industry poor materials available. A cast of plaster was then and agriculture and, more especially, the sciences. poured into the impression. This obviated the need • Dr. Edward Forzley, assistant professor of Oral His establishment of the Royal Academy of Sciences for constant checking of the scraped and fashioned Health Service at Tufts with extensive training in was evidence of this interest. denture base in the mouth, an accurate duplicate of Oral pathology coordinated the Worcester pro It was during this time that Pfaff made his great the jaw now being available. gram. He arranged a three hour presentation for contributions. Dentistry in Europe had just begun to Another of Pfaff's innovations was the capping of the students, dental assistants, and nurses follow rise from mediocrity and charlatanry and significant a vital pulp prior to the filling of a carious tooth. For ing the screening at St. Vincent Hospital in Wor advances such as those of Fauchard were being made. this purpose he used a piece of gold or lead ". . . in cester. In that program, Tufts students heard from Pfaff authored the first comprehensive work on den the shape of half a pea-pod, the lower surface having Dr. Harold J eghers, Medical Director of the hos tal treatment to appear in the German language. En a concavity ..." so that the metal would not actually pital and professor of Medicine at Tufts; the Hos titled Treatment at the Teeth at the Human Body contact the pulpal tissue. pital's chief of pathology, Dr. Gilbert H. Friedell, and Their Diseases, the book was issued in 1756 by Pfaff helped to lay the groundwork upon which who is also professor of pathology at University of Haude and Spence, Berlin publishers. The title page succeeding generations of dentists could build through Massachusetts Medical School; and Dr. Wallace bears the notation that Pfaff was " ... privileged sur his comprehensive German treatise on dentistry. Philip H. J. Chang, a plastic surgeon at St. Vincent's and geon and dentist to the Royal Prussian Court." Pfaff died in 1780 according to most historians, al assistant professor of Surgery at University of This book in 184 succinct and well-written pages, though some German sources cite the date as 1764. Massachusetts Medical School. This program has been done twice and a proposed seminar for Wor cester dentists by Tufts teachers is being worked out with the Worcester Dental Society. • In Natick, Dr. Norman Nathanson, assistant pro fessor of Oral Pathology at Tufts and a practicing oral surgeon participated. The nucleus of the Tufts students participating in the screening is a group of at least a dozen, some times as many as 15 senior students. They, with Dr. Dental students screening same of the 1,000 patients who have Schwartz, train underclassmen in the entire proce- been examined.

12 TIC, JANUARY, 1975 TIC, JANUARY 1975 5 manned booth. The student and an assisting under classman do the checklisted procedures. The actual exam requires no longer than half an hour, and often can be finished in a third that time, if no questionable lesion is found. When a lesion is detected, the sequence of events is as follows: Dr. Schwartz is notified. He, and perhaps the coordinat ing dentist and the attending students discuss the gross DENTISTRY'S pathology of the lesion, correlate it with lymph node findings and history, take a smear, and then decide on whether or not a biopsy is warranted. Photographs are taken of the lesion, and provisions made for re ferral and follow-up. The patient is told that the HAll Of fAME condition warrants further study. Dr. Schwartz is quick to emphasize that not a single patient has ever balked at follow-up procedures. To date, more than 1,000 patients have been screened, and in over 200 cases, further diagnostic Poet Laureate of Dentistry treatment was indicated, reports Dr. Schwartz. Solyman Brown (1790-1876) Screening programs have been conducted at a hospHal, a library, (Copyright by Tufts Health Science Review. Reprinted by a shopping center, a mall, a church, and senior citizen apartment permission. ) houses. Although Solyman Brown took a leading part in page book, was a literary accomplishment for its time. the three great events that elevated American dentis Dentologia was widely discussed and quoted in liter try from a craft to a profession-the organization of ary circles as well as having an influence in elevating the first dental college, the first dental journal and the dentistry as a profession. It was followed in 1838 by first dental society-he is not always remembered as another poem in blank verse, Dental Hygiea, which one of the great figures in American dentistry. dealt with preservation of the teeth. It, too, was widely Born in Litchfield, Connecticut, in 1790 of Puritan acclaimed, largely because of the subject matter. parents, Solyman first prepared himself for the min Brown's most important writing was "A Treatise istry. Yale College conferred on him a Master of Arts on Mechanical Dentistry," which was serialized in the degree and in 1 813 he became a Licentiate Doctor first dental periodical, the American Journal of Dental of Divinity. For seven subsequent years he served as Science. Unfortunately, it called down upon Brown's pastor of the Congregational Church of Litchfield. head the wrath of some of his fellow dentists "for Later, in 1822, he moved to New York City to serve giving away the secrets of the profession!" as a preacher there. Brown felt strongly the need for the profession to The first twenty-five years of his career were de organize and was one of the charter members of the voted to the ministry, but in 1832, he became ac American Society of Dental Surgeons. Its founding quainted with Dr. Eleazar Parmly, a prominent New meeting, in fact, took place in his home on Park Place York dentist. Although he was by now in his mid in New York City. forties, Brown became a preceptorial student of Parm When the American Journal of Dental Science was ly's and soon proved to be a proficient dental practi launched, Solyman Brown was on its publishing com tioner. mittee. Besides being a frequent contributor to its Solyman Brown, A.M., D.D., had a natural talent pages, after the first year he became co-editor with for poetry and soon authored many poems, the most Chapin Harris. famous of which was his Dentologia which he pub It was Brown who proposed to the Society that an lished in 1833. It was an epic work in five cantos that independent dental college be started, and he saw his dealt with diseases of the teeth and their remedies. dream come to fruition with the establishment of the This quasi-cla~sical poem, reprinted in 1840 in a 176- Baltimore College of Dental Surgery. In recognition

6 TIC, JANUARY, 1975 TIC, JANUARY 1975 II Jewe/"t;!- making The Number One Hobby for Dentists

by ARTHUR H. LEVINE, D.D.S.

M aking jewelry is a fascinating hobby and is made which is one of the many specialties of jewelry-mak to-order for the dentist. In many respects it is a ing. Briefly, it consists of outlining a bird, or animal, ...... '.. - - "natural" for him. or flower with a ribbon of silver, backing it with silver " .-; - With the rapid increase in leisure time that is plate, and filling the open space (or channel) with A simple ring made for Valentine's Day. It is formed of round silver wire soldered to the heart-shaped channel work. The gem is rhodo sweeping the nation due to available spendable in many colored gems to form the body. The gems are site, pinkish rose in color. come, early retirement, change in attitude, and other ground very carefully to fit the space and then ce factors, the dentist is in a particularly advantageous mented. quality to justify the amount of labor in cutting, shap The answer, of course, is the thrill of creative ef position. The skill of grinding a stone to fit an outlined area ing, and polishing. fort. Although there is a certain amount of design My first reaction to jewelry-making as a hobby was so accurately that no cementing medium shows is a Some hobbyists are interested in the gold and silver required in good dentistry, the most important con decidedly negative. Who needs more painstaking work skill that every dentist has already mastered. Later, work and don't like to fuss with gem cutting or polish sideration is function. A good filling helps the patient with its tightly controlled movements and additional when I used dental articulating paper to find where ing. They prefer to buy their gems (for a ring or pin, in the chewing function. True, a denture that is pleas eye strain! Not me! My antidote for fatigue gener the gem was binding on the silver outline, the instruc for example) from dealers who sell the finished gems. ing in appearance has an element of design. But den ated by a day in general practice is tennis. tor looked on in amazement. He had not seen that Since these come in almost every conceivable shape tistry is a health service and the restorations and the I have been playing tennis my entire professional before. He does it by eye and guess. and size, the choice is extensive. replacements involved in that service have strict re life and couldn't live without it. In fact I play about The channel work fascinated me so much that I quirements. In other words, the dentist can select anyone part four times a week, summer and winter. Chess is an decided to explore other areas. Basically, good jew in jewelry-making as a hobby or he can go to the en But designing jewelry is quite another matter. Here other hobby I enjoy immensely and devote consider elry is formed of silver, gold or platinum with or with tire range from digging in a mountain side to the fin we have a true art form that lets the spirit fly in limit able time to. But jewelry-making has added another out gems. The conventional end products are usually ished adornment. This is one aspect of lapidary work less skies. In my opinion, we all need the soul-satis dimension that I found hard to believe. rings, earring, bracelets, pendants, and brooches. that makes it so satisfying. No need to indulge in any fying delight provided by creative effort, no matter My introduction came during a winter vacation in part that seems boring. what form it may take. Arizona. A friend of mine, a permanent resident, Skills Required Creativity Says It All This probably accounts for the fact that a com urged me to join him in a two-day intensive course in What are the special skills required in making jew poser, writer or artist can spend back-breaking, per making jewelry. I had nothing better to do and so I elry? The dentist possesses almost everyone of them. Now we come to the heart of jewelry-making spiring hours in the creative field and still come away went along. Take bending, for example. The formation of certain design. In my opinion, it is the most exciting and with a feeling of deep enjoyment and accomplishment. The course devoted itself entirely to channel work designs requires an ability to bend silver or gold wire. satisfying part of the art. It explained for me why I We all need a touch of the creative spark. For some was willing to put in hour after hour of work so simi of us who have not yet found it, jewelry-making may lar to my efforts in dentistry that normally would have be the answer. exhausted me. Not only was it not exhausting, it was 8 Beacon Hill Road exhilarating. Port Washington, New York 11050

Four steps in channel work: (1) the design on paper; (2) the ribbon 0: silver ?utling. the design and sO.ldered where necessary; (3) the CHANNEL WORK-A PIN. The bird is outlined with silver strip and the entire outline is backed with silver plate. The resulting space, or backing, cut, fitted and soldered to the silver outline; and (4) the finIShed piece With the gem fitted Into the open space or channel. channel, is filled with suitable colored stones carefully ground to fit. The finished stone sections are then cemented, usually with an epoxy.

10 TIC, JANUARY, 1975 TIC, JANUARY 1975 7 And the pliers used are the ones that every general requirements of soldering as they were taught in my advantage. When I bought a book on casting jewelry practitioner finds in his office. freshman year at dental school: clean surfaces, good I was amazed to find that everything in it was familiar. Next to bending, the most important skill to acquire contact, and even heat for all parts. They still hold The same waxes, the same investment, the same cast is soldering. Soldering, which is second nature ( or true. ing machines. It could have been a text for a dental should be) to most practitioners, is one of the biggest In dentistry, in the soldering of a fixed bridge, for student. stumbling blocks for the jewelry-making novice. For example, the joint must be strong to withstand the Lost Wax Casting some reason, most beginners are scared to solder. heavy stress of chewing. On some occasions, it is Let us go back to the average class in jewelry-mak And when they finally try it, they make a mess of it. necessary to reinforce a pinpoint soldered joint with ing. Such classes are springing up in every part of This, in turn, makes them more apprehensive. a broader contact and more so lder, for strength. the country. Those students who are not dentists have A triple silver wire ring with snow flake obsidian in free form . trouble with soldering, as we have mentioned. But if For attachment, two post holes are formed in the stone with the Some students have had experience in soft solder In jewelry, strength is not as important a require dental drill and two silver posts are either cast or formed from ing with a soldering iron. But this is a far cry from soldering is difficult, lost wax casting is a catastrophe. round silver wire of sufficient bulk. The posts are soldered to the ment as it is in a fixed bridge . The strain on adorn triple wire, which are already soldered together. hard soldering with a torch , which is required for gold men ts is seldom as strong as the stress of mastication. To them, it is equivalent to graduate work leading to a Ph.D. and silver. But what is vitally important in jewelry-making is hounds" as they are called, love the out-of-doors with Even for the dentist who se nds everything to a lab the minimum use of solder. The beginner slobbers On many occasions I have spoken to veteran crafts mountain climbing and all the excitement of prospect oratory, it should be a simple matter to re-acquire the solder all over the place and then has to spe nd end men displaying their jewelry at fairs, festivals or gems ing. Suddenly coming upon a real find quickens the soldering skill. I still remember the three cardinal less hours grinding it away. The professional will use shows and asked them about lost wax casting. So pulse and is worth all the hours of fruitless search in the sm allest amount required to hold the joint. No often I have received this answer: HOh, no, I haven't the roughest country. got to that yet." grinding of excess, only polishing. On some occa Some of the rock clubs plan regular prospecting Cost of equipment may have something to do with sions the amount could be equal to the smallest head trips. In Arizona, some of the copper mining com it. Few hobbyists, at le ast in the early stages, are on a small pin. panies let them search in restricted areas. It is too willing to buy a centrifugal casting machine, an elec When the ski ll is finally acquired, it is almost soul dangerous to let anyone wander aimlessly in an open tric oven for burning out the wax, rings, investment :;atisfying. It produces a warm glow in the operator, pit mine which is so deep and so large th at it astounds material, and other items necessary for casting. similar to th e feeling one enjoys when an inl ay drops one at first view. Shaping and bending can form beautiful jewelry. into place beautifully. Some of the companies conduct tours in small But there are some limitations. With casting, how In addition to bending and soldering, cutting out buses, but only for a limited distance. The high light ever, the most intricate, complex designs can be shapes in a sheet of silver or gold is another technique of the tour is the place at which the bus stops and the tackled. Since casting is more time-consuming and used in jewelry-making. Here, again, the dentist has driver announces that he will wait 10 minutes for rock expensive, it is a good rule not to cast any piece of the required tools at his finger tips. First, the drill to hunting. At that point, many of the passengers jump jewelry th at can be made by some other method. pi erce the metal. Then th e barrel-shaped diamond or out with large brown-paper bags and start collecting carborundum stone in the air turbine to enlarge the Most hobbyists and many professionals use silver furiously. Triple silver wire ring with amethyst in a free farm . Th e procedure almost exclusively. It handles easily, solders well, is the same as that with the snow flake obsidian with one excep· opening into the desired shape. Knowing what to pick takes considerable experi tion ; the middle wire is round and sli ghtly smaller in diameter. and takes a beautiful polish. Gold, of course, is the But there is still another way to make jewelry ence and knowledge. A piece of turquoise in a ring The outside ones are half round and larger. ultimate, and although it can be found in jewelry lost wax casting. Here, the dentist has an enormous bears little resemblance to the same stone in its origi shops, it has been priced out of the market for most nal state. The average tourist will pick up anything of the hobbyists. A large supplier, such as Allcraft if it has color or a pleasing shape. But the rock hound of New York and California, will be out of stock on has to determine whether the piece in his hand con most of the 14 k. items in the catalogue. tains any fragment of a true gem. And if it does, A dentist starting the hobby would be well advised whether the retrievable piece is of sufficient size and not to start with leftover pieces of inlay gold. They usually average between 21 k. and 22 k. and are too valuable to practice with. Better to save them for an important project. Or Lapidary Work? But if jewelry-making itself does not excite you there are other associated hobbies, each of which has its own enthusiastic followers. The entire field of gems is exciting. Some men work only with gems, cutting and shaping, and faceting. Faceting, by itself, is a A pendant of agate with interesting markings of grey and white. full-blown specialty with the most sophisticated equip The stone, which is heart·shaped, was found naturally in this form and polished. The small silver ring is attached to th e stone with ment. A pendant of black obsidian with gold chain and gold attachment. a hidden silver pin imbedded in the stone. Post hole for the pin A basic, simple setup for making jewelry. With the exception of Or perhaps we should start at the other end, hunt The gold attachment, which suggests a crown, was carved in wax and then cast with a pin that fits into stone. The stone is almost was mode with diamond stone and a ir turbine drill. The chain is the portable soldering torch, most de ntists would possess these ing and digging for raw minerals. These "rock silver. tools and many more. spherical in shape.

8 TIC, JANUARY, 1975 TIC, JANUARY 1975 9