Okoki Bird and Mammal Species List
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Species Importance in a Heterospecific Foraging Association Network
Oikos 122: 1325–1334, 2013 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2013.00101.x © 2013 The Authors. Oikos © 2013 Nordic Society Oikos Subject Editor: Paulo Guimares Jr. Accepted 10 January 2013 Species importance in a heterospecific foraging association network Hari Sridhar, Ferenc Jordán and Kartik Shanker H. Sridhar ([email protected]) and K. Shanker, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Inst. of Science, Bangalore-560012, India. – F. Jordán, The Microsoft Research – Univ. of Trento Centre for Computational and Systems Biology, Piazza Manifattura 1, IT-38068 Rovereto, TN, Italy. There is a growing recognition of the need to integrate non-trophic interactions into ecological networks for a better understanding of whole-community organization. To achieve this, the first step is to build networks of individual non- trophic interactions. In this study, we analyzed a network of interdependencies among bird species that participated in heterospecific foraging associations (flocks) in an evergreen forest site in the Western Ghats, India. We found the flock network to contain a small core of highly important species that other species are strongly dependent on, a pattern seen in many other biological networks. Further, we found that structural importance of species in the network was strongly correlated to functional importance of species at the individual flock level. Finally, comparisons with flock networks from other Asian forests showed that the same taxonomic groups were important in general, suggesting that species importance was an intrinsic trait and not dependent on local ecological conditions. Hence, given a list of species in an area, it may be possible to predict which ones are likely to be important. -
Vietnam Southern and Central Specialties 15Th to 29Th February 2020 (15 Days) Trip Report
Vietnam Southern and Central Specialties 15th to 29th February 2020 (15 days) Trip Report Siamese Fireback by Simon Tan Trip report compiled by Tour Leader: Glen Valentine Trip Report – RBL Vietnam – Southern & Central Specialties 2020 2 Tour Summary Orange-breasted Trogon by Simon Tan We kicked off our 2020 Southern and Central Vietnam tour in the city of Hue, teeming with history and cultural significance and some wonderful restaurants, making it the perfect place to spend a few pre-tour days ambling around the city and its surrounds. Beginning our long journey south towards the hill forests surrounding the village of Mang Den, our first scheduled birding stop of the day produced the wanted target species in the form of White-faced Plover (a very distinctive, extremely localized, rare and often- split subspecies of Kentish Plover) along the beach adjacent to Bach Ma National Park. In the same area, we added our first of several Light-vented Bulbuls, a female Stejneger’s Stonechat and flocks of fly-over Grey-capped Greenfinches. Continuing west and then southwards, crossing over the Lo Xo Pass after a quick lunch-stop we had an hour or so to find the scarce and exceedingly range-restricted near-endemic Black-crowned Barwing. This good-looking and charismatic species was only discovered as recently as 1996 and is still only known from a tiny area in south-central Vietnam and southern Laos. We arrived in fine weather and were soon admiring several pairs and family groups of Black-collared Starling, as well as Scarlet Minivet, Streaked Spiderhunter, Black Bulbul, a wonderful perched Necklaced Barbet, a pair of Large Woodshrike and then finally, after a fair amount of searching in the now-degraded road- edge habitat, a glorious pair of Black-crowned Necklaced Barbet by Glen Valentine Rockjumper Birding Tours View more tours to Vietnam Trip Report – RBL Vietnam – Southern & Central Specialties 2020 3 Barwings. -
Cacomantis Merulinus) Nestlings and Their Common Tailorbird (Orthotomus Sutorius) Hosts Odd Helge Tunheim1, Bård G
Tunheim et al. Avian Res (2019) 10:5 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40657-019-0143-z Avian Research RESEARCH Open Access Development and behavior of Plaintive Cuckoo (Cacomantis merulinus) nestlings and their Common Tailorbird (Orthotomus sutorius) hosts Odd Helge Tunheim1, Bård G. Stokke1,2, Longwu Wang3, Canchao Yang4, Aiwu Jiang5, Wei Liang4, Eivin Røskaft1 and Frode Fossøy1,2* Abstract Background: Our knowledge of avian brood parasitism is primarily based on studies of a few selected species. Recently, researchers have targeted a wider range of host–parasite systems, which has allowed further evaluation of hypotheses derived from well-known study systems but also disclosed adaptations that were previously unknown. Here we present developmental and behavioral data on the previously undescribed Plaintive Cuckoo (Cacomantis merulinus) nestling and one of its hosts, the Common Tailorbird (Orthotomus sutorius). Methods: We discovered more than 80 Common Tailorbird nests within an area of 25 km2, and we recorded nestling characteristics, body mass, tarsus length and begging display every 3 days for both species. Results: Plaintive Cuckoo nestlings followed a developmental pathway that was relatively similar to that of their well-studied relative, the Common Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus). Tailorbird foster siblings were evicted from the nest rim. The cuckoo nestlings gained weight faster than host nestlings, and required 3–9 days longer time to fedge than host nestlings. Predation was high during the early stages of development, but the nestlings acquired a warning display around 11 days in the nest, after which none of the studied cuckoo nestlings were depredated. The cuckoos’ begging display, which appeared more intense than that of host nestlings, was initially vocally similar with that of the host nestlings but began to diverge from the host sound output after day 9. -
Bird Diversity in Northern Myanmar and Conservation Implications
ZOOLOGICAL RESEARCH Bird diversity in northern Myanmar and conservation implications Ming-Xia Zhang1,2, Myint Kyaw3, Guo-Gang Li1,2, Jiang-Bo Zhao4, Xiang-Le Zeng5, Kyaw Swa3, Rui-Chang Quan1,2,* 1 Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar 2 Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla Yunnan 666303, China 3 Hponkan Razi Wildlife Sanctuary Offices, Putao Kachin 01051, Myanmar 4 Science Communication and Training Department, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla Yunnan 666303, China 5 Yingjiang Bird Watching Society, Yingjiang Yunnan 679300, China ABSTRACT Since the 1990s, several bird surveys had been carried out in the Putao area (Rappole et al, 2011). Under the leadership of We conducted four bird biodiversity surveys in the the Nature and Wildlife Conservation Division (NWCD) of the Putao area of northern Myanmar from 2015 to 2017. Myanmar Forestry Ministry, two expeditions were launched in Combined with anecdotal information collected 1997–1998 (Aung & Oo, 1999) and 2001–2009 (Rappole et al., between 2012 and 2015, we recorded 319 bird 2011), providing the most detailed inventory of local avian species, including two species (Arborophila mandellii diversity thus far. 1 and Lanius sphenocercus) previously unrecorded in Between December 2015 and May 2017, the Southeast Asia Myanmar. Bulbuls (Pycnonotidae), babblers (Timaliidae), Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences pigeons and doves (Columbidae), and pheasants (CAS-SEABRI), Forest Research Institute (FRI) of Myanmar, and partridges (Phasianidae) were the most Hponkan Razi Wildlife Sanctuary (HPWS), and Hkakabo Razi abundant groups of birds recorded. -
Disaggregation of Bird Families Listed on Cms Appendix Ii
Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals 2nd Meeting of the Sessional Committee of the CMS Scientific Council (ScC-SC2) Bonn, Germany, 10 – 14 July 2017 UNEP/CMS/ScC-SC2/Inf.3 DISAGGREGATION OF BIRD FAMILIES LISTED ON CMS APPENDIX II (Prepared by the Appointed Councillors for Birds) Summary: The first meeting of the Sessional Committee of the Scientific Council identified the adoption of a new standard reference for avian taxonomy as an opportunity to disaggregate the higher-level taxa listed on Appendix II and to identify those that are considered to be migratory species and that have an unfavourable conservation status. The current paper presents an initial analysis of the higher-level disaggregation using the Handbook of the Birds of the World/BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World Volumes 1 and 2 taxonomy, and identifies the challenges in completing the analysis to identify all of the migratory species and the corresponding Range States. The document has been prepared by the COP Appointed Scientific Councilors for Birds. This is a supplementary paper to COP document UNEP/CMS/COP12/Doc.25.3 on Taxonomy and Nomenclature UNEP/CMS/ScC-Sc2/Inf.3 DISAGGREGATION OF BIRD FAMILIES LISTED ON CMS APPENDIX II 1. Through Resolution 11.19, the Conference of Parties adopted as the standard reference for bird taxonomy and nomenclature for Non-Passerine species the Handbook of the Birds of the World/BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World, Volume 1: Non-Passerines, by Josep del Hoyo and Nigel J. Collar (2014); 2. -
Thailand Highlights 14Th to 26Th November 2019 (13 Days)
Thailand Highlights 14th to 26th November 2019 (13 days) Trip Report Siamese Fireback by Forrest Rowland Trip report compiled by Tour Leader: Forrest Rowland Trip Report – RBL Thailand - Highlights 2019 2 Tour Summary Thailand has been known as a top tourist destination for quite some time. Foreigners and Ex-pats flock there for the beautiful scenery, great infrastructure, and delicious cuisine among other cultural aspects. For birders, it has recently caught up to big names like Borneo and Malaysia, in terms of respect for the avian delights it holds for visitors. Our twelve-day Highlights Tour to Thailand set out to sample a bit of the best of every major habitat type in the country, with a slight focus on the lush montane forests that hold most of the country’s specialty bird species. The tour began in Bangkok, a bustling metropolis of winding narrow roads, flyovers, towering apartment buildings, and seemingly endless people. Despite the density and throng of humanity, many of the participants on the tour were able to enjoy a Crested Goshawk flight by Forrest Rowland lovely day’s visit to the Grand Palace and historic center of Bangkok, including a fun boat ride passing by several temples. A few early arrivals also had time to bird some of the urban park settings, even picking up a species or two we did not see on the Main Tour. For most, the tour began in earnest on November 15th, with our day tour of the salt pans, mudflats, wetlands, and mangroves of the famed Pak Thale Shore bird Project, and Laem Phak Bia mangroves. -
Assessing Avian Richness and Diversity in Different Regions of Oil
International Letters of Natural Sciences Online: 2015-07-07 ISSN: 2300-9675, Vol. 42, pp 28-37 doi:10.18052/www.scipress.com/ILNS.42.28 2015 SciPress Ltd, Switzerland Assessing Avian Richness and Diversity in Different Regions of Oil Palm Plantation in Selangor, Malaysia Aainaa Amir1,2,a*, Hafidzi Mohd Noor1,b, Kamarul Hambali2,c 1 Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia 2 Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia. E-mail address: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Keywords: Birds, Diversity, Species Richness, Oil Palm Plantation ABSTRACT.Malaysia is characterized by a variety of habitats such as forests, clearings, thickets, and cropland that attract various species of birds. This study examined the bird community in terms of richness and diversity at oil palm plantations habitat. The abundance of birds was determined by using distance sampling point count method. A total of 2722 birds belonging to 38 families representing 86 species of birds were detected. Diversity analysis indicates that the species of birds in the oil palm plantation at Sungai Pelek is more diverse (Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index H; 3.52) and richness (Margalef’s Richness Index R1; 10.2) than oil palm plantation in Teluk Panglima Garang-Pulau Carey and Banting-Jenjarum. However, the species of birds in the oil palm plantations at Teluk Panglima Garang-Pulau Carey and Banting-Jenjarum show higher evenness (Pielou’s Evenness Index E; 0.82) compared with oil palm plantations in Sungai Pelek. The results of this study indicate that the species composition and distribution of the avian species in the oil palm plantations are affected by habitat characterization of that particular area and its vicinity. -
Sri Lanka: January 2015
Tropical Birding Trip Report Sri Lanka: January 2015 A Tropical Birding CUSTOM tour SRI LANKA: Ceylon Sojourn 9th- 23rd January 2015 Tour Leaders: Sam Woods & Chaminda Dilruk SRI LANKA JUNGLEFOWL is Sri Lanka’s colorful national bird, which was ranked among the top five birds of the tour by the group. All photos in this report were taken by Sam Woods. 1 www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-0514 [email protected] Page Tropical Birding Trip Report Sri Lanka: January 2015 INTRODUCTION In many ways Sri Lanka covers it all; for the serious birder, even those with experience from elsewhere in the Indian subcontinent, it offers up a healthy batch of at least 32 endemic bird species (this list continues to grow, though, so could increase further yet); for those without any previous experience of the subcontinent it offers these but, being an island of limited diversity, not the overwhelming numbers of birds, which can be intimidating for the first timer; and for those with a natural history slant that extends beyond the avian, there is plentiful other wildlife besides, to keep all happy, such as endemic monkeys, strange reptiles only found on this teardrop-shaped island, and a bounty of butterflies, which feature day-in, day-out. It should also be made clear that while it appears like a chunk of India which has dropped of the main subcontinent, to frame it, as merely an extension of India, would be a grave injustice, as Sri Lanka feels, looks, and even tastes very different. There are some cultural quirks that make India itself, sometimes challenging to visit for the westerner. -
Thailand Invitational 2017
Field Guides Tour Report Thailand Invitational 2017 Feb 25, 2017 to Mar 18, 2017 Dave Stejskal & John Rowlett For our tour description, itinerary, past triplists, dates, fees, and more, please VISIT OUR TOUR PAGE. This shimmering Green-tailed Aethopyga is one of the fanciest sunbirds we saw on the tour! Photo by participant Fred Dalbey. It’s been two months now since our Thailand adventure closed and yet I live with persistent reminders of episodes from that trip that arise almost daily! No doubt, in part, because this was my first tour to this extraordinary country for birds, food, culture, and people (and now we know, butterflies!). And in part because I knew that ours was the last tour, after 21 wonderful years, that our heralded Asia guide Dave Stejskal would lead to Siam. Ouch, bite the man! Having the encounters, as we did, with so many legendary birds--Spoon-billed Sandpiper and Nordmann’s Greenshank, Silver Pheasant and Siamese Fireback, Great Hornbill and Silver-breasted Broadbill, Crested Jay and Ratchet-tailed Treepie, Sultan Tit and Giant Nuthatch, and overwhelming numbers of bulbuls, babblers, leaf warblers, and flycatchers--is enough to assure an exceptional birding tour. But to insure an experience of the highest quality, it was necessary to collect a stellar group of participants under the leadership of a first-rate guide and mix in some fabulous Thai food, some Siamese culture, and Dave’s good friend Wat with the best ground crew in the business in order to produce the kind of trip we in fact enjoyed. It was a humdinger. -
Discovery of a Relict Lineage and Monotypic Family of Passerine Birds
Discovery of a relict lineage and monotypic family of passerine birds Based on a comprehensive molecular dataset of passerines birds we identified a branch with a single species, the Spotted Wren-babbler Spelaeornis formosus. We suggest that this represents a relict lineage, which we propose should be placed in its own family, Elachuridae. The scientific name Elachura formosa should be used. We analysed of one of the most comprehensive datasets to date of the largest passerine bird clade, Passerida, which comprises c. 36% of the World’s c. 10,500 bird species. We identified 10 primary branches in the tree. One of these primary branches was made up of a single species, the Spotted Wren-Babbler Spelaeornis formosus, which is a small Wren-like bird that occurs in mountains from the eastern Himalayas to southeast China. This species apparently represents an old branch in the large passerine tree, without any close living relatives. There have surely been other relatives on this branch, which have gone extinct. The fact that it resembles wren-babblers and wrens in appearance is either due to pure chance or to convergent evolution, which may result in similar appearances in unrelated species that live in similar environments. We proposed the new family name Elachuridae for this single species. We also suggested that the scientific name Elachura formosa should be used, and the English name be changed to Elachura, to highlight its distinctness. Timaliidae (56) Pellorneidae (69) Leiothrichidae (133) Zosteropidae (128) Sylviidae (70) Pnoepygidae -
Bird Checklists of the World Country Or Region: Myanmar
Avibase Page 1of 30 Col Location Date Start time Duration Distance Avibase - Bird Checklists of the World 1 Country or region: Myanmar 2 Number of species: 1088 3 Number of endemics: 5 4 Number of breeding endemics: 0 5 Number of introduced species: 1 6 7 8 9 10 Recommended citation: Lepage, D. 2021. Checklist of the birds of Myanmar. Avibase, the world bird database. Retrieved from .https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/checklist.jsp?lang=EN®ion=mm [23/09/2021]. Make your observations count! Submit your data to ebird. -
India: Kaziranga National Park Extension
INDIA: KAZIRANGA NATIONAL PARK EXTENSION FEBRUARY 22–27, 2019 The true star of this extension was the Indian One-horned Rhinoceros (Photo M. Valkenburg) LEADER: MACHIEL VALKENBURG LIST COMPILED BY: MACHIEL VALKENBURG VICTOR EMANUEL NATURE TOURS, INC. 2525 WALLINGWOOD DRIVE, SUITE 1003 AUSTIN, TEXAS 78746 WWW.VENTBIRD.COM INDIA: KAZIRANGA NATIONAL PARK EXTENSION February 22–27, 2019 By Machiel Valkenburg This wonderful Kaziranga extension was part of our amazing Maharajas’ Express train trip, starting in Mumbai and finishing in Delhi. We flew from Delhi to Guwahati, located in the far northeast of India. A long drive later through the hectic traffic of this enjoyable country, we arrived at our lodge in the evening. (Photo by tour participant Robert Warren) We enjoyed three full days of the wildlife and avifauna spectacles of the famous Kaziranga National Park. This park is one of the last easily accessible places to find the endangered Indian One-horned Rhinoceros together with a healthy population of Asian Elephant and Asiatic Wild Buffalo. We saw plenty individuals of all species; the rhino especially made an impression on all of us. It is such an impressive piece of evolution, a serious armored “tank”! On two mornings we loved the elephant rides provided by the park; on the back of these attractive animals we came very close to the rhinos. The fertile flood plains of the park consist of alluvial silts, exposed sandbars, and riverine flood-formed lakes called Beels. This open habitat is not only good for mammals but definitely a true gem for some great birds. Interesting but common birds included Bar-headed Goose, Red Junglefowl, Woolly-necked Stork, and Lesser Adjutant, while the endangered Greater Adjutant and Black-necked Stork were good hits in the stork section.