Cape Environmental Assessment Practitioners (Pty) Ltd Reg. No. 2008/004627/07
Telephone: (044) 874 0365 1st Floor Eagles View Building Facsimile: (044) 874 0432 5 Progress Street, George Web: www.cape-eaprac.co.za PO Box 2070, George 6530
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME For NOETZIE CONSERVANCY OWNERS ASSOCIATION
Prepared for: Noetzie Conservancy Owners Association
By: Cape EAPrac
Report Reference: KNY123/01
Date: 15 December 2011
D.J. Jeffery Directors L. van Zyl
APPOINTED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PRACTITIONER:
Cape EAPrac Environmental Assessment Practitioners
PO Box 2070 George 6530 Tel: 044-874 0365 Fax: 044-874 0432
Report written & compiled by: Melissa Mackay (ND Nature Conservation), who has five years’ experience as an environmental practitioner.
Report reviewed by: Louise-Mari van Zyl (MA Geography & Environmental Science [US]; Registered Environmental Assessment Practitioner with the Interim Certification Board for Environmental Assessment Practitioners of South Africa, EAPSA); Member of the Southern Cape International Association for Impact Assessments (IAIA) committee. Ms van Zyl has over ten years’ experience as an environmental practitioner.
PURPOSE OF THIS REPORT: Environmental Management Plan for Noetzie Conservancy Owners Association
APPLICANT: Noetzie Conservancy Owners Association (NCOA)
CAPE EAPRAC REFERENCE NO: KNY123/01
SUBMISSION DATE 15 December 2011
Noetzie Owners Conservancy Association KNY123/01
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME
NOETZIE CONSERVANCY OWNERS ASSOCIATION
NOETZIE, KNYSNA
This report is the property of the NCOA, who may publish it, in whole, provided that: Written approval is obtained from the Author and that Cape EAPrac is acknowledged in the publication; Cape EAPrac is indemnified against any claim for damages that may result from any publication of specifications, recommendations or statements that is not administered or controlled by Cape EAPrac; The contents of this report, including specialist/consultant reports, may not be used for purposes of sale or publicity or advertisement without the prior written approval of Cape EAPrac; Cape EAPrac accepts no responsibility by the Applicant/Client for failure to follow or comply with the recommended programme, specifications or recommendations contained in this report; Cape EAPrac accepts no responsibility for deviation or non-compliance of any specifications or recommendations made by specialists or consultants whose input/reports are used to inform this report; and All figures, plates and diagrams are copyrighted and may not be reproduced by any means, in any form, in part or whole without prior written approved from Cape EAPrac.
Report Issued by: Cape Environmental Assessment Practitioners
Tel: 044 874 0365 PO Box 2070 Fax: 044 874 0432 5 Progress Street Web: www.cape-eaprac.co.za George 6530
Cape EAPrac Environmental Management Programme Noetzie Owners Conservancy Association KNY123/01
ORDER OF REPORT
Environmental Management Plan
Appendix 1 : NCOA Committee Members
Appendix 2 : Figure 1: Demarcation Methods
Figure 2: Silt Fences
Figure 3: Temporary Stormwater Management
Figure 4: Management of Haul Roads
Appendix 3 : Environmental Landscaping
Appendix 4 : Alien Invaders List and Categories, Working for Water Guide to Control Method and Herbicide Selection Appendix 5 : Understanding Baboons
Appendix 6 : Noetzie Bird list and BIRP Forms
Appendix 7 : Recycling
Appendix 8 : Beach Permit and OSCA Application
Appendix 9 : Emergency and Important Contact Details
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 Purpose of the EMPr ...... 2
1.2 Status of the EMPr ...... 2
2 EMP PHASING ...... 2 2.1 Construction Phase ...... 2
2.2 Operational Phase...... 3
2.3 Closure and Decommissioning Phase ...... 3
3 NOETZIE CONSERVANCY ...... 3 3.1 Philosophy and Objectives of the NCOA ...... 5
4 LEGISLATIVE REQUIREMENTS ...... 6 4.1 National Environmental Management Act (NEMA, Act 107 of 1998 ) ...... 6
4.2 Environment Conservation Act, 1989 (ECA) ...... 6
4.3 Outeniqua Coastal Sensitive Areas (OSCA) ...... 6
4.4 National Waste Management Strategy ...... 7
4.5 National Environmental Management: Integrated Coastal Management Act (Act 24 of 2008) ...... 7
4.6 SANS 10400 Application of the National Building Regulations ...... 7
4.7 National Building Regulations ...... 7
4.8 Conservation of Agricultural Resources Act (CARA) ...... 8
4.9 National Forest Act (Act 84 of 1998) ...... 8
4.10 National Water Act (NWA, Act 36 of 1998) ...... 9
4.11 National Veld and Forest Fire Act (Act 101 of 1998) ...... 9
4.12 National Heritage Resources Act (Act 25 of 1999) ...... 10
4.13 Occupational Health and Safety act (Act 85 of 1993) ...... 10
5 RESPONSIBILITIES ...... 11 5.1 Property Owners or Project Proponent ...... 11
5.2 Engineers and Contractors ...... 11
5.3 Ecological Control Officer (ECO) ...... 12
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5.4 Environmental Induction and Training ...... 13
6 CONSTRUCTION PHASE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS ...... 13 6.1 Establishment of Contractors Site Camp ...... 13
6.2 Sanitation ...... 14
6.3 Demarcation of Work Areas ...... 15
6.4 Erosion Control ...... 15
6.5 Fire Management and Protection ...... 16
6.6 Noise and Emission Control ...... 16
6.7 Waste Management ...... 17
6.7.1 Solid Waste ...... 17
6.7.2 Construction Rubble and Waste ...... 18
6.7.3 Scrap Metal ...... 18
6.7.4 Hazardous Waste ...... 18
6.8 Concrete Batching ...... 18
6.9 Fuel Storage...... 19
6.10 Dust Management ...... 20
6.11 Rehabilitation and Botanical Concerns ...... 20
6.12 Social Requirements ...... 21
6.12.1 Use of local labour ...... 21
6.12.2 Targets ...... 21
6.12.3 Record Keeping ...... 21
6.12.4 Site Security ...... 21
6.13 Heritage Requirements ...... 22
6.14 Method Statements ...... 22
6.14.1 Method Statements Required: ...... 23
6.15 Health and Safety ...... 23
7 OPERATIONAL PHASE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS ...... 26 7.1 Landscaping ...... 26
7.2 Reed Management ...... 30
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7.3 Alien Vegetation Management ...... 31
7.3.1 Herbicide Application ...... 35
7.4 Fire Management / Protection ...... 36
7.5 Water Conservation ...... 36
7.5.1 Rain Water Harvesting ...... 37
7.5.2 Water Abstraction ...... 37
7.5.3 Dual Flush Toilets ...... 37
7.5.4 Low flow shower heads ...... 37
7.5.5 Low flow Taps...... 37
7.5.6 Washing machines ...... 38
7.5.7 Geyser and pipe insulation ...... 38
7.5.8 Swimming Pools ...... 38
7.5.9 Waterwise Landscaping ...... 39
7.5.10 Grey Water ...... 39
7.6 Energy Conservation ...... 40
7.6.1 Solar heating water systems ...... 40
7.6.2 Energy Efficient Lighting ...... 40
7.6.3 Energy Efficient Appliances ...... 41
7.6.4 Solar Cooling Systems ...... 42
7.6.5 Evaporative Cooling Systems ...... 42
7.6.6 Geyser and pipe insulation ...... 42
7.7 Wildlife Management ...... 42
7.7.1 Destruction of Natural Habitats and Populations ...... 42
7.7.2 Road mortality ...... 43
7.7.3 Light pollution ...... 43
7.7.4 Poaching of local wildlife ...... 43
7.7.5 Problem-animal scenarios ...... 44
7.7.6 Domestic Animals ...... 44
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7.7.7 Birds in Reserves Project (BIRP) ...... 45
7.8 Waste Management ...... 45
7.8.1 Recycling ...... 45
7.8.2 Garden Refuse ...... 46
7.8.3 Biodegradable Refuse ...... 46
7.8.4 Septic Tanks and Soak-aways ...... 46
7.9 Road Maintenance ...... 47
7.10 Parking, Traffic and Private Roads ...... 47
7.11 Recreational Use: Lagoon and Beach ...... 48
7.12 General ...... 49
7.13 Authorisations, Permits and Licenses ...... 49
7.14 Emergency Evacuation Procedures ...... 50
7.14.1 Tsunami / Extreme Waves / Flooding ...... 50
7.14.2 Fire ...... 51
7.15 Emergency and Important Contact Details ...... 52
7.16 Monitoring ...... 52
8 DECOMMISSIONING PHASE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS ...... 53 9 NON-COMPLIANCE ...... 53 9.1 Procedures for Construction Phase Offenses ...... 53
9.2 Procedures for Operational Phase Offenses ...... 54
10 REFERENCES ...... 56
Cape EAPrac Environmental Management Programme Noetzie Owners Conservancy Association KNY123/01
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
EA Environmental Authorisation – Authorisation obtained on completion of an Environmental Impact Assessment in terms of the National Environmental Management Act.
EMPr Environmental Management Programme – an environmental management tool used to ensure that undue or reasonably avoidable adverse impacts of the construction, operation and decommissioning of a project are prevented and that positive benefits of the projects are enhanced.
DAFF Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries – the national authority responsible for the agricultural, forestry and fishery sector and its management.
DEA National Department of Environmental Affairs – the national authority responsible for the sustainable environmental management and integrated planning.
DEA&DP Department of Environmental Affairs and Development Planning – the provincial authority for sustainable environmental management and integrated development planning.
DWA Department of Water Affairs – the provincial authority mandated to enforce the Forestry Act. Permits for the removal or pruning of protected tree species eg Milkwoods must be obtained from this entity.
CARA Conservation of Agricultural Resources Act (Act 43 of 1983) - provides for control over the utilization of the natural agricultural resources of the Republic in order to promote the conservation of the soil, the water sources and the vegetation and the combating of weeds and invader plants; and for matters connected therewith.
ECA Environment Conservation Act, 1989 - To provide for the effective protection and controlled utilization of the environment and for matters incidental thereto.
ECO Ecological Control Officer – independent site agent appointed by a proponent to observe and enforce environmental policies and principles on a development site.
HSG Home Services Group – body responsible for the maintenance, access and insurance of the privately owned river road.
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HWC Heritage Western Cape – Provincial body responsible for enforcing the National Heritage Resources Act in the Western Cape.
NCOA Noetzie Conservancy Owners Association
NEMA National Environmental Management Act (Act 107 of 1998, as amended) – national legislation that provides principles for decision-making on matters that affect the environment.
OSCA Outeniqua Sensitive Coastal Areas – Regulations enacted in terms of ECA that requires an application to the local municipality for a permit for activities on identified properties. Includes all Noetzie properties.
SANParks South African National Parks – National authority that manages protected areas.
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1 INTRODUCTION
Cape Environmental Assessment Practitioners (Cape EAPrac) was appointed by the Noetzie Conservancy Owners Association (NCOA) to develop an Environmental Management Programme (EMPr) which will be used to promote and ensure environmental monitoring, control and management of the properties which form part of the Noetzie Conservancy.
The Noetzie Conservancy is made up of privately owned, municipal and state properties that make up the Noetzie township area east of the town of Knysna in the Southern Cape. Noetzie comprises 54 properties which are located along the beach front, adjacent to the Noetzie River and on the headland above. The Noetzie Townplanning Regulations identify each area as Beach, River and Headland and provide each area with specific urban design criteria and zoning.
Plate 1: Site location of Noetzie.
This EMPr contains management requirements and recommendations made by Cape EAPrac, as well as in terms of the regulations contained in the National Environmental Management Act (NEMA, Act 107 of 1998), Best Practice principles and NCOA policy. The EMPr is a dynamic document which develops during the lifespan of any development to include all relevant mitigations, recommendations and policy changes, the outcome of which should always be the furtherance of sustainable management.
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Section 28 of NEMA provides for the Duty of Care principle that “…obliges every person who causes, has caused or may cause significant environmental degradation to take reasonable measures to prevent such degradation from occurring, continuing or recurring”. This clause forms the underpinning philosophy of this EMPr. 1.1 PURPOSE OF THE EMPR
The purpose of this EMPr is to ensure that the environmental impacts and management of the various phases of the township development on the receiving environment are managed, mitigated and kept to a minimum. These phases include existing dwellings, construction of new dwellings, management of open space areas and overall sustainability. The EMPr provides guidance and assistance to the NCOA members and visitors to maintain the pristine integrity of the area in terms of its biodiversity, social nature and sense of place. The ultimate goal is to ensure conservation based objectives within an urban environment.
The EMPr must provide easily understood and clearly defined actions that should be implemented during each phase of the development of Noetzie. The EMPr is a dynamic document that is flexible and responsive to new and changing circumstances.
The document is binding on the Proponent (NCOA), other homeowners, all contractors and sub-contractors and visitors to the site. It must be included as part of any tender documents / agreements as well as contractual documents between the Proponent or individual land owners and any contractors. Copies of this EMPr must be kept on site and all home and land owners are expected to familiarise themselves with the content of this EMPr. A quick reference guide is proposed for the use of visitors staying on any of the Noetzie properties. 1.2 STATUS OF THE EMPR
It is of utmost importance that this EMPr be read in conjunction with any legally obtained authorisations such as an Environmental Authorisation (EA) or municipal certification. Should the environmental authorisation (EA) contain requirements (conditions) that contradict any points in this EMPr, the requirements (conditions) in the authorisation supersede this EMPr. This EMPr is viewed as a dynamic document that should be reviewed and updated on a continual basis.
It is recommended that this EMPr is submitted to SANParks and CapeNature for input as well as approval.
2 EMP PHASING
2.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE
The construction phase refers to the actual construction of any type of development on any of the properties within the NCOA, and includes all earthworks and bulk services construction (road, pipelines, slipways etc.). Any construction activities must have the relevant approvals
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in place before they may commence. This EMPr may be incorporated into any relevant applications (municipal building plans, OSCA or Environmental Authorisation), but where site specific management actions are required, these must be developed. 2.2 OPERATIONAL PHASE
The operational phase refers to all existing dwellings and activities, and commences once the construction activities on new developments are completed. This EMPr includes several recommendations regarding the Operational Phase of Noetzie, but should not be seen as exhaustive. The NCOA should ensure that the Operational Phase of the area maintains the underpinning principles and ideals of sustainable development. 2.3 CLOSURE AND DECOMMISSIONING PHASE
Decommissioning refers to the process of removing the operating assets of any development after completion of the operating life cycle.
As Noetzie is a residential and tourism hub, it is highly unlikely that the township will be decommissioned. It is more likely that on occasions dwellings may be demolished to make way for new or renovated buildings. As such, specific management recommendations for demolishing are not included with this EMPr. In the event that decommissioning is required, all relevant legal processes must be complied with.
It must be noted that demolishing activities may well be listed in terms of NEMA or OSCA. Confirmation must be obtained from the relevant authorities prior to any such activities being undertaken.
3 NOETZIE CONSERVANCY
In 2006 the unearthing of a prehistoric Khoi-san burial site and middens evidenced the historic association humans have had with Noetzie. The name “Noetzie” comes from the Khoi-san “Noetziekamma” meaning “dark water”, probably referring to the water coloured by tannins leached from the indigenous forests along the banks. In more recent history, it has been a destination since the 1800’s, as a camping and fishing site. In the 1900’s more permanent cottages, referred to as Milkwood cottage style, were established at Noetzie, some still retained by 7th and 8th generations today.
In the early 1930’s the first of the distinctive stone castles was built at the western end of the main beach. It was built out of locally obtained natural stone and started the trend
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for castles along the beach front. The current Noetzie Townplanning Regulations now specify that any new buildings constructed on the beach front must have a castle façade or a Milkwood cottage style in order to retain the character of the site. From early 1940 and onwards, the area developed into the township layout that exists today.
Noetzie does not fall within the urban edge delineated by the Knysna Spatial Development Framework (SDF). This is an important distinction when considering thresholds identified in terms of the 2010 EIA regulations.
Noetzie’s natural beauty and resources are its main attraction, both to live and for recreational purposes. Recognising this, the residents of Noetzie elected to form the Noetzie Conservancy, which was registered and recognised in 1999. A Conservancy is understood as “voluntary co-operative environmental management of an area by its community and users” (CapeNature, 1994).
The Conservancy spans an area of 10.2 ha, the majority of which are residential properties. The Noetzie Conservancy Owners Association (NCOA) was established to manage the conservancy and to promote the principles of conservancies. The NCOA is a legal entity with a constitution to which all property owners are required to belong as members in terms of the Noetzie Townplanning Regulations. The NCOA has an Executive Committee which is elected as per the Constitution. The Committee has eight (8) elected members who meet once a month.
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A list of the current Committee is available in Appendix 1. 3.1 PHILOSOPHY AND OBJECTIVES OF THE NCOA
The objectives of the NCOA are to:
- Promote conservation, as well as responsible and sustainable development in Noetzie and its adjoining areas. - Promote the protection of indigenous plants and animals, undisturbed or important biological communities and landscapes of exceptional beauty within or adjacent to The Noetzie Conservancy. - Represent, promote and protect the interests of the owners of erven and members of the Association in The Noetzie Conservancy as registered with Cape Nature, or its successors. This is the entire area of the former township of Noetzie, Province of the Western Cape, prior to its incorporation into the new Knysna Municipal Area, and including any areas subsequently added to The Noetzie Conservancy. - Assist the Knysna Municipal Council, Cape Nature, and their successors or any other Authority having jurisdiction over the area to enable them to fulfil their developmental, administrative and conservation roles, to pass local rules and if considered necessary by the members to levy fees in order to provide any services or facilities not adequately provided by Knysna Municipality or other bodies. - Obtain representation as an interested and affected party in any Environmental Impact Studies, investigations or bodies affecting The Noetzie Conservancy or adjoining areas. - Enhance the amenities, status and attractiveness of Noetzie. - Seek to obtain advisory, monitoring, approval, aesthetic control or veto powers over any developments and new building plans within or adjacent to The Noetzie Conservancy. - Obtain maximum possible representation on any statutory, advisory, representative or consultative bodies having jurisdiction over The Noetzie Conservancy or adjoining areas. - Collect funds and use such funds for the promotion of the NCOA’s aims and activities.
The NCOA undertakes a number of activities in order to obtain their objectives. This includes but is not limited to:
- Obtaining Permissible Use Permits for the use of vehicles within the coastal zone for home owners of beach residences; - Signing off of building plans before approval by Knysna Municipality; - Comment on any legal applications such as rezoning, sub-division, consent use or Environmental Impact Assessment;
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- Provide support and advice to land owners and residents; - Management of monitoring programmes; and - Ensure compliance with relevant legislation and policies of the NCOA.
4 LEGISLATIVE REQUIREMENTS
All owners and visitors are required to comply with all necessary legislation and policies applicable to development and management of Noetzie. These include but are not limited to: 4.1 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACT (NEMA, ACT 107 OF 1998 )
The National Environmental Management Act (NEMA, Act No. 107 of 1998, as amended) embraces the notion of sustainable development as contained in the Constitution in that everyone has the right:
- to an environment that is not harmful to their health or well-being; and
- to have the environment protected for the benefit of present and future generations through reasonable legislative and other measures.
NEMA aims to provide for cooperative environmental governance by establishing principles for decision-making on all matters relating to the environment and by means of Environmental Implementation Plans (EIP) and Environmental Management Programmes (EMPr).
The exemption of Noetzie from the Knysna SDF urban edge delineation has implications in terms of the 2010 EIA regulations over and above its vicinity to the sea, estuary and river. 4.2 ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION ACT, 1989 (ECA)
The EIA regulations contained in the Environmental Conservation Act (ECA) have been replaced by NEMA. However, property owners must comply with the draft regulations pertaining to noise as published in the province of Western Cape Provincial Extraordinary Gazette as provision made in section 25 of the ECA), as well as Section 24 of the ECA regarding waste management and Section 20 of the ECA dealing with waste management under Part IV, Control of Environmental Pollution. 4.3 OUTENIQUA COASTAL SENSITIVE AREAS (OSCA)
The OSCA regulations were enacted in terms of ECA and make provision for properties within specified geographic locations between Glentana and Plettenberg Bay to apply for a permit to undertake construction activities. All properties at Noetzie fall within an OSCA area and as such any activities identified in Regulation 1526 of November 1998 require a permit. The local municipality has been mandated to issue OSCA permits.
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In the event that an activity requires authorisation in terms of NEMA, it is not necessary to obtain an OSCA permit. 4.4 NATIONAL WASTE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY
The National Waste Management Strategy presents the South African government's strategy for integrated waste management for South Africa.
It deals among others with: Integrated Waste Management Planning, Waste Information Systems, Waste Minimisation, Recycling, Waste Collection and Transportation, Waste Treatment, Waste Disposal and Implementing Instruments. 4.5 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: INTEGRATED COASTAL MANAGEMENT ACT (ACT 24 OF 2008)
The Act aims to establish a system of integrated coastal and estuarine management in the Republic, including norms, standards and policies, in order to promote the conservation of the coastal environment, and maintain the natural attributes of coastal landscapes and seascapes, and to ensure that development and the use of natural resources within the coastal zone is socially and economically justifiable and ecologically sustainable; to define rights and duties in relation to coastal areas; to determine the responsibilities of organs of state in relation to coastal areas; to prohibit incineration at sea; to control dumping at sea, pollution in the coastal zone, inappropriate development of the coastal environment and other adverse effects on the coastal environment; to give effect to South Africa's international obligations in relation to coastal matters; and to provide for matters connected therewith.
The ICMA activities applicable to Noetzie generally include the use of vehicles on beaches and public access to coastal areas. Relevant permits are obtainable from the national Department of Environmental Affairs sub-directorate Coastal Planning and Environmental Protection. 4.6 SANS 10400 APPLICATION OF THE NATIONAL BUILDING REGULATIONS
The application of the National Building Regulations contains performance parameters relating to fire safety, sanitation systems, moisture penetration, structural safety, serviceability and durability. It also takes into account how the above can be established to reflect social expectations in a manner which supports sustainable development objectives. 4.7 NATIONAL BUILDING REGULATIONS
The National Building Regulations and Building Standards Act as amended must be complied with. This act addresses, inter alia:
- Specifications for draftsmen, plans, documents and diagrams; - Approval by local authorities; - Appeal procedures;
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- Prohibition or conditions with regard to erection of buildings in certain conditions; - Demolition of buildings; - Access to building control officers; - Regulations and directives; and - Liability. 4.8 CONSERVATION OF AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES ACT (CARA)
The Conservation of Agricultural Resources Act aims to provide for the conservation of natural agricultural resources by maintaining the production potential of land, combating and preventing erosion and weakening or destruction of water resources, protecting vegetation and combating weeds and invader plant species.
In the case of the NCOA, the provisions regarding erosion control and control of invasive species must be considered. 4.9 NATIONAL FOREST ACT (ACT 84 OF 1998)
In terms of regulation 15 of the aforesaid Act,
No person may:
(a) cut, disturb, damage, destroy or remove any protected tree; or
(b) collect, remove, transport, export, purchase, sell, donate or in any other manner acquire or dispose of any protected tree, except under a License granted by the Minister.
The Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF) have declared the following species as protected trees:
Acacia erioloba (Camel thorn), Acacia haematoxylon (Gray camel thorn), Adansonia digitata (Baobab), Afzelia quanzensis (Pod mahogany), Balanites subsp. maughamii (Torchwood), Barringtonai racemosa (Powder-puff tree), Boscia albitrunca (Sheperd’s tree), Brachystegia spiciformis (Msasa), Breonadia salicina (Matumi), Bruguiera gymnhorrhiza (Black mangrove), Cassipourea swaziensis (Swazi onionwood), Catha edulis (Bushman’s tea), Ceriops tagal (Indian mangrove), Cleistanthus schlectheri var. schlechteri (False tamboti), Colubrina nicholsonii (Pondo weeping thorn), Comretum imberbe (Leadwood), Curtisia dentata (Assegai), Elaedendron transvaalensis (Bushveld saffron), Erythrophysa transvaalensis (Bushveld red balloon), Euclea pseudebenus (Ebony guarri), Ficus trichopoda (Swamp fig), Leucadendron argenteum (Silver tree), Lumnitzera racemosa var. racemosa (Tonga mangrove), Lydenburgia abottii (Pondo bushman’s tea), Lydenburgia cassinoides (Sekhukhuni bushman’s tea), Mimusops caffra (Coastal red milkwood), Newtonia hildebrandtii var. hildebrandtii (Lebombo wattle), Ocotea bullata (Stinkwood), Ozoroa namaquensis (Gariep resin tree), Philenoptera violacea (Aplle-leaf), Pittosporum viridiflorum (Cheesewood), Podocarpus elongatus (Breede River yellowwood),
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Podocarpus falcatus (Outeniqua yellowood), Podocarpus henkelii (Henkel’s yellowwood), Podocarpus latifolius (Real yellowwood), Protea comptonii (Saddleback sugarbush), Protea curvata (Serpentine sugarbush), Prunus africana (Red stinkwood), Pterocarpus angolensis (Wild teak), Rhizophora mucronata (Red mangrove), Sclerocarya birrea subsp. caffra (Marula), Securidaca longependunculata (Violet tree), Sideroxylon inerme subsp. inerme (White milkwood), Tephrosia pondoensis (Pondo poison pea), Warburgia salutaris (Pepper-bark tree), Widdringtonia cedarbergensis (Clanwilliam cedar) and Widdringtonia schwarzii (Willowmore cedar)
Any trimming and / or removal of the Milkwood trees (Sideroxylon inerme) or other protected trees in Noetzie will be subject to a license in terms of the aforementioned Act. The list is a national list, however if any species are planted as part of landscaping, the Act will apply. 4.10 NATIONAL WATER ACT (NWA, ACT 36 OF 1998)
The National Water Act (NWA) gives effect to the constitutional right of access to water. The Act’s overall purpose is to ensure that South Africa's water resources are protected, used and managed in ways which take into account a number of factors, including inter- generational equity, equitable access, redressing the results of past racial and gender discrimination, promoting sustainable and beneficial use, facilitating social and economic development, and providing for water quality and environmental protection.
The NWA makes persons who own, control, occupy or use land responsible for taking measures to prevent pollution of water resources, and empowers Government authorities to take measures to enforce this obligation. A Catchment Agency may enforce these obligations and recover costs from those responsible or from those who benefited from the measures.
In terms of the NWA, abstraction of water, including any impacts on watercourses requires authorisation in the form of a Water Use License. 4.11 NATIONAL VELD AND FOREST FIRE ACT (ACT 101 OF 1998)
The purpose of the National Veld and Forest Fire Act is to prevent and combat veld, forest and mountain fires throughout the RSA and to provide institutions, methods and practices for achieving this purpose. Institutions include the formations of such bodies as Fire Protection Associations (FPA’s) and Working on Fire. The Act provides the guidelines and constitution for the implementation of these institutions as well as their functions and requirements.
All landowners are required in terms of this Act to prepare and maintain firebreaks on the boundary of their property and any adjoining land. Only the Minister may exempt a landowner from providing firebreaks.
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In areas that are considered a high fire rise, especially in vegetation types that tend to be fire driven ecosystems, it is recommended that a fire management plan is put in place, or the owner becomes a member of the local FPA and fall under the umbrella of the regional fire management strategy. The Southern Cape is considered to be a fire driven ecosystem.
Noetzie Conservancy has applied to join the Southern Cape Fire Protection Agency. 4.12 NATIONAL HERITAGE RESOURCES ACT (ACT 25 OF 1999)
The purpose of the National Heritage Resources Act is to:
Introduce an integrated and interactive system for the management of the national heritage resources; Promote good government at all levels, Empower civil society to nurture and conserve their heritage resources so that they may be bequeathed to future generations; To lay down general principles for governing heritage resources management throughout South Africa; To introduce an integrated system for the identification, assessment and management of the heritage resources of South Africa; To establish the South African Heritage Resources Agency together with its Council to co-ordinate and promote the management of heritage resources at national level; To set norms and maintain essential national standards for the management of heritage resources in South Africa and to protect heritage resources of national significance; To control the export of nationally significant heritage objects and the import into South Africa of cultural property illegally exported from foreign countries; To enable the provinces to establish heritage authorities which must adopt powers to protect and manage certain categories of heritage resources; To provide for the protection and management of conservation-worthy places and areas by local authorities; and To provide for matters connected therewith.
In terms of the Noetzie township any evidence of archaeological remains must be communicated to the NCOA or Heritage Western Cape immediately. See the Heritage Requirements Section below for detailed instructions as to communicating any finds. 4.13 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ACT (ACT 85 OF 1993)
The Act provides for the health and safety of persons at work and for the health and safety of persons in connection with the use of plant and machinery; the protection of persons other
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than persons at work against hazards to health and safety arising out of or in connection with the activities of persons at work.
In terms of this Act, a Health and Safety Officer and Protocol must be implemented on any sites during construction.
5 RESPONSIBILITIES
This section deals with the responsibilities of various parties during the Construction Phase of any development. 5.1 PROPERTY OWNERS OR PROJECT PROPONENT
The Project Proponent is the person or entity who is responsible for carrying out any construction activity undertaken within the area of the Noetzie Conservancy. This includes activities authorised in terms of any legislation.
The responsibilities of the Project Proponent include but are not limited to the following:
- Be conversant with the EMPr, any relevant Environmental Authorisation, Waste License, Permit or any other legally binding documentation; - Ensure that the senior site personnel are aware of and understand the conditions and recommendations contained in the EMPr, any relevant Environmental Authorisation, Waste License, Permits or any other legally binding documentation; - Order the removal of any person(s) and / or equipment found in contravention of any of the above mentioned authorisations. 5.2 ENGINEERS AND CONTRACTORS
The Engineers and Contractors are responsible for physically carrying out the relevant activities, and onto whom the majority of the recommendations in this EMPr are intended. The responsibilities indicated here are also relevant to Sub-Contractors.
The responsibilities of the Engineers and Contractors include but are not limited to the following:
- Be conversant with the EMPr, any relevant Environmental Authorisation, Waste License, Permit or any other legally binding documentation; - Have a responsibility to adhering to any conditions and recommendations laid out in above mentioned documentation; - Prevent actions that may cause harm to the environment; - Be responsible for any remedial activities in response to an environmental incident within their scope of influence; - Liaise with the ECO and the Project Proponent in the event that any industry regulated standards are in contradiction with the EMPr or any other authorisations;
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- Review and amend any construction activities to align with the EMPr and Best Practice Principles; - Ensure compliance of all site personnel and / or visitors to the EMPr and any other authorisations. 5.3 ECOLOGICAL CONTROL OFFICER (ECO)
Due to the sensitivity of the environment it is strongly recommended that a suitably qualified Environmental Control Officer (ECO) be appointed to oversee all activities for the duration of the construction phase (i.e. construction activities, services, beach erosion control measures, road works). The ECO could be a member of the NCOA committee, alternative an independent ECO could be appointed.
For construction activities authorised under NEMA, the ECO must have a minimum of a tertiary level qualification in the natural sciences field. The ECO should have at least 3 years’ experience and proven competency as an ECO.
The responsibilities of the ECO include but are not limited to the following:
- Provide environmental induction training to contractors on site prior to construction activities commencing; - Provide maintenance, update and review of the EMPr if necessary; - Liaison between the Project Proponent, Contractors, Authorities, NCOA and other lead stakeholders on all environmental concerns, including the implementation of the EMPr; - Compilation of Environmental Control Report (ECR) to ensure compliance with the EA, EMPr and duty of care requirements, where necessary; - Compilation of the Environmental Audit Report or Environmental Completion Statement, after completion of construction (or as otherwise defined in the Environmental Authorisation), where necessary; - Ensuring compliance with this EMPr; - Ensuring compliance with the Environmental Authorisation or OSCA permit, if applicable; - Provide guidance and interpretation of the EA and EMPr where necessary; - Issuing site instructions to the contractor for corrective actions required; - The ECO is required to conduct regular site visits for the duration of the construction period, in order to ensure the contractor receives the necessary induction and that all procedures are in place. Additional visits may be undertaken in the event of any unforeseen environmental accidents; - The duration and frequency of these visits may be increased or decreased at the discretion of the ECO; - Attendance of site meetings if required;
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- Maintain a record of environmental incidents (e.g. spills, impacts, legal transgressions etc.) as well as corrective and preventative measures taken. This information must also be included in the ECR; - Maintain a public complaints register in which all complaints and action taken must be recorded. This information must also be included in the ECR. 5.4 ENVIRONMENTAL INDUCTION AND TRAINING
The ECO or NCOA in consultation with the contractor shall ensure that adequate environmental awareness training of senior site personnel takes place and that all construction workers receive an induction presentation on the importance and implications of the EMPr. The presentation shall be conducted, as far as is possible, in the employees’ language of choice. The contractor should provide a translator from their staff for the purpose of translating should this be necessary.
As a minimum, training should include:
- Explanation of the importance of complying with the EMPr and the employees accountability; - Discussion of the potential environmental impacts of construction activities; - The benefits of improved personal performance; - Employees’ roles and responsibilities, including emergency preparedness ; - Explanation of the mitigation measures that must be implemented when carrying out their activities; - Explanation of the specifics of this EMPr and its specification (no-go areas, etc.); - Explanation of the management structure of individuals responsible for matters pertaining to the EMPr.
Should the staff turnover be high and with additional appointment of sub-contractors, it may be necessary to undertake additional induction training sessions. The contractor must keep records of all environmental training sessions, including names, dates and the information presented.
6 CONSTRUCTION PHASE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS
These Construction Phase requirements are aimed at using Best Practise Principles to manage the impacts on the environment during the construction of any future dwellings, roads or infrastructure within the Noetzie Conservancy. 6.1 ESTABLISHMENT OF CONTRACTORS SITE CAMP
The Contractors Site Camp must be established to provide a safe base for operations, security of materials and to prevent unnecessary impacts on the environment during the
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construction phase. It should not be erected on any areas considered sensitive and no indigenous vegetation may be removed, damaged or disturbed. If there is no space on the erf under construction and the site camp needs to be located on other private property, permission from the relevant landowner must be obtained. The following points must be taken into consideration when siting the contractor’s camp:
- If an ECO is a requirement of any authorisation, the site camp must be established with the ECO’s input; - The Contractors Site Camp must be situated within the development area. Site Camps that are allowed off site may only be erected once written permission from the landowner is obtained and any other necessary authorisations are in place; - The site camp must be clearly demarcated and fenced off with shade netting; - Topsoil from the site camp area must be stripped and stockpiled for reuse during rehabilitation. This must be done to ensure no contamination of the topsoil while the site camp is in use; - All construction material must be stored in the site camp, unless otherwise approved by an ECO; - No personnel may overnight in the site camp, except in the case of a night watchman / security if required; - No fires are allowed; - Fuel may only be stored in the site camp; - Storage of waste must take place within the site camp and must be removed on a regular basis; - The site camp must be provided with sufficient ablution facilities (toilets and potable water) of which the content must be disposed of regularly and at the suitable facilities; - The site camp must not impede or interfere excessively with vehicular use of the road and pedestrian access to the beach and estuary; - Transportation of construction materials to river properties may only be undertaken with permission from the HSG and vehicles may not exceed a 1 ton limitation; - Transportation of construction materials to beach properties must be cleared by the NCOA and vehicles must have a Permissible Use Permit for beach driving; - All relevant permits must be valid and kept on site. 6.2 SANITATION
Chemical ablution facilities must be available for the use by construction staff for the duration of the construction period. The following must therefore be implemented:
- Toilet and washing facilities must be available to the site personnel at all times; - These must be situated within the construction area (preferably at the site camp; - One toilet for every 15 personnel is required;
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- The facilities must be serviced on a regular basis to prevent any spillage; - The servicing contractor must dispose of the waste in an approved manner; - The toilets should be secured to ensure that they do not blow over in windy conditions; - All toilet facilities must be removed from site on completion of the contract period; - Should the construction period be interrupted by a builders break, the toilets should be emptied prior to the break. 6.3 DEMARCATION OF WORK AREAS
The demarcation of no-go areas is of extreme importance to ensure that damage is restricted to the future developed area and that areas outside this demarcated area are protected and not damaged unnecessarily. The process for this is as follows:
- The exact footprint of the construction areas to be surveyed and pegged ; - The contractor in conjunction with the ECO, if any, must walk and inspect the areas determined and mark the full extent of the area to be disturbed (allowing sufficient space for the construction activity); - This disturbance is to be clearly marked with a double strand of wire with danger tape placed between strands as detailed in Appendix 2, Figure 1; - All areas outside this demarcated area are considered as “no-go” areas for any construction activity including movement of staff; - Construction staff must be briefed as part of the environmental induction on the requirements regarding the no-go areas; - Non-compliance with no go demarcation may be penalised. 6.4 EROSION CONTROL
Any areas that are identified by the ECO or NCOA as being prone to erosion must be suitably protected. During construction, the Contractor shall protect all areas susceptible to erosion by installing necessary temporary and permanent drainage works as soon as possible and by taking any other measures necessary to prevent stormwater from concentrating in streams and scouring slopes, banks, etc.
Any erosion channels developed during construction on steep slopes must be backfilled, compacted and restored to an acceptable condition.
Stabilisation of cleared areas to prevent and control erosion and/or sedimentation shall be actively managed. Consideration and provision shall be made for the following methods (or combination thereof): brushcut packing, mulch or chip cover, straw stabilising, watering, planting/sodding, soil binders and anti-erosion compounds, mechanical cover or packing structures (including the use of geofabric, log/pole fencing, etc.). Traffic and movement over
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stabilised areas shall be restricted and controlled, and damage to stabilised areas shall be repaired and maintained.
In areas where construction activities have been completed and where no further disturbance would take place, rehabilitation and re-vegetation should commence as soon as possible. A suitable rehabilitation method statement must be submitted to the ECO or NCOA for approval.
See Appendix 2, Figure 2 & 3 for further details regarding erosion control on the site. 6.5 FIRE MANAGEMENT AND PROTECTION
The Noetzie area has the potential of being a high risk fire area and the utmost care must be taken to ensure that none of the construction activities result in wild fires. Precautions must be undertaken to protect habitation, biodiversity and against loss of life and infrastructure.
The following points must be considered with regards to fire protection on site:
- NO OPEN FIRES are allowed anywhere on the construction site, - The total removal of all invasive alien vegetation should take place in order to decrease the fire risk associated with the site; - Cigarette butts may not be thrown in the veld, but must be disposed of correctly in suitable receptacles. These can be glass, plastic or metal containers half filled with sand; - In case of an emergency, the contact details of the local fire and emergency services must be readily available; - Contractors must ensure that basic firefighting equipment is available on site; - Biomass generated from removal of invasive and indigenous vegetation should be removed from site and not burned in situ; - Fire risk on site is a point of discussion that must take place as part of the environmental induction. 6.6 NOISE AND EMISSION CONTROL
It is recommended that noise generation be kept to a minimum and that construction activities be confined to normal working hours (08:00 - 17:00 on workdays). However, due to the nature of the construction activities and the location, longer workdays will be permissible, if agreed upon with the ECO or NCOA.
Apart from confining noise to the normal hours as detailed above, the following noise abatement (reduction of intensity and amount) measures should be implemented:
- Provide baffle and noise screens to noisy machines as necessary; - Provide absorptive linings to the interior of engine compartments; - Ensure machinery is properly maintained (fasten loose panels, replace defective silencers);
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- Switch off machinery immediately when not in use; - Reduce impact noise by careful handling.
The Contractor shall be responsible for compliance with the relevant legislation with respect to noise inter alia Section 25 of ECA.
Emission control in vehicles will be reduced by implementing the above mentioned noise control methods. Furthermore the following should be taken into account:
- All diesel vehicles should be correctly maintained and serviced to minimise unnecessary exhaust emissions; - Any vehicles with smoking exhausts should be tested for emissions and repaired immediately; - Speed limits must be adhered to; - Vehicles and other diesel driven machinery should be switched off when not in use. 6.7 WASTE MANAGEMENT
An integrated waste management approach should be adopted on site.
Only approved waste disposal methods are allowed. The Contractor shall ensure that all site personnel are instructed in the proper disposal of all waste. The Contractor shall ensure that sufficient disposal facilities are available.
Recycling must be encouraged on site and recycling bins must be provided and clearly marked. It is recommended that local community leaders are contacted to identify groups or individuals who may benefit from the disposal of recyclable material and scrap metal.
Disposal of all waste materials must be done at suitable facilities. No dumping of any waste material on or off site is permitted.
The disposal of all general waste must take place at a landfill licensed in terms of Section 20 of the Environmental Conservation Act, 1989 (Act No. 73 of 1989) and the National Environmental Management: Waste Act, 2008 (NEM:WA, Act No 59 of 2008).
6.7.1 Solid Waste The Contractor shall ensure that all facilities are maintained in a neat and tidy condition and the site shall be kept free of litter. Measures must be taken to reduce the potential for litter and negligent behaviour with regard to the disposal of all refuse. At all places of work the Contractor shall provide litterbins, containers and refuse collection facilities for later disposal.
Solid waste may be temporarily stored on site in a designated area approved by the ECO or NCOA prior to collection and disposal. Solid waste must be removed on a weekly basis to a licensed waste disposal site. Recyclable waste should be recycled if at all possible.
Waste storage containers shall be covered, tip-proof, weatherproof and scavenger proof. The waste storage area shall be fenced off to prevent wind-blown litter.
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No burning, on-site burying or dumping of waste shall occur. Used (empty) cement bags shall be collected and stored in weatherproof containers to prevent windblown cement dust and water contamination. Used cement bags may not be used for any other purpose and shall be disposed of on a weekly basis via the solid waste management system.
6.7.2 Construction Rubble and Waste All construction waste must be disposed of at an approved site (no construction rubble may be spoiled anywhere on site). No illegal dumping of construction material may take place.
6.7.3 Scrap Metal Recycling of scrap metal is recommended. Scrap metal must be disposed of offsite at suitable facilities or arrangements made for community involvement in the recycling.
6.7.4 Hazardous Waste All hazardous waste (including bitumen, etc.) shall be disposed of at an approved hazardous landfill site. Unused or rejected tar or bituminous products must be returned to the supplier’s production plant. Under no circumstances may the spoiling of tar or bituminous products on the site, over embankments, or any burying, be allowed.
Used oil, lubricants, grease and cleaning materials, etc. from the maintenance of vehicles and machinery shall be collected in holding tanks and sent back to the supplier or removed from site by a specialist oil recycling company for disposal at an approved hazardous waste site. 6.8 CONCRETE BATCHING
Cement powder has a high alkaline pH that may contaminate and adversely affect both soil pH and water pH negatively. A rapid change in pH can have consequences on the functioning of soil and water organisms as well as on the botanical component.
All concrete batching should take place on an area that is to be hard surfaced as part of the development. Concrete batching outside such areas may only take place with the necessary approval of the ECO or NCOA and then all topsoil must be stripped and stockpiled for reuse. Concrete mixing areas must have bund walls or a settling pond in order to prevent cement run off. Once the settling ponds dry out, the concrete must be removed and dispatched to a suitable disposal site.
When using Readymix concrete, care must be taken to prevent spills from the trucks while offloading. This form of batching is preferable for large constructions as no on site batching is required and there is a lesser likelihood of accidental spills and run off. Trucks may not be washed out on site.
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Batching at satellite sites must be done on a batching plate i.e. wood or metal sheet, to prevent soil contamination. In order to prevent cement run off, both under normal circumstances and in event of rain, batching plates must be used. 6.9 FUEL STORAGE
The above ground storage of fuel is subject to authorization in terms of the National Environmental Management Act (NEMA as amended), if more than 30m³ is stored on site at any one time. It is not expected that the storage of fuel will be necessary for the construction of any dwellings or infrastructure in Noetzie.
Should a temporary fuel storage facility be required, the Contractor must ensure that he/she complies with legislation and that the following measures are in place:
- Temporary fuel storage must take place within the contractors site camp in an area approved by the ECO or NCOA; - No storage of fuel may take place on any other portion of the site; - Mobile fuel units used to refuel plant on site must make use of drip trays when refuelling; - Where possible, double lined storage tanks should be used; - All storage tanks must be ISO 9001 certified; - Storage facilities should not be located within a watercourse flood plain, near a wetland area or where there is a potential for any spilled fuel to enter a watercourse or groundwater; - Fuel storage facilities should be located on flat ground. No cut and fill should take place immediately on or adjacent to fuel storage areas; - Bund walls must be constructed to contain at least 110% of the total capacity of the storage tanks; - Bund walls must be constructed of impermeable material or lined to ensure that petroleum products cannot escape; - A suitable material should be placed in the base of the bund walls to soak up any accidental spillages; - A sealable tap system may be implemented to drain water collecting in the bund walls. The tap must be at the base of the bund wall and drainage must be supervised to ensure that no pollutants are tapped out; - The tanks should be locked and secured when not in use; - Automatic shut-off nozzles are required on all dispensing units; - Storage tanks should be drained within one week of completion of activities (unused fuel can be used by the contractor on other work sites or returned to the supplier). If the construction program extends over the Christmas shutdown, the contractor must ensure that storage tanks are emptied prior to this period;
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- All storage tanks, containers and related equipment should be regularly maintained to ensure the safe storage and dispensing of fuel; - Defective hoses, valves and containment structures should be promptly repaired; - Vehicle and equipment fuelling should be undertaken on a hard impermeable surface or over drip pans to ensure spilled fuel is captured and cleaned up; - The area must be totally rehabilitated on completion of the contract and all contaminated material must be taken to a registered dumping site for that purpose. 6.10 DUST MANAGEMENT
The movement of construction vehicles and removal of existing vegetation will create dust that could impact on the surrounding vegetation and cause inconvenience to neighbouring property owners. Every effort must be made to contain this impact. Construction vehicles must adhere to speed limits and minimisation of haul roads must be implemented. During dry, dusty periods haul roads should be kept dampened to prevent excess dust. No potable water or seawater may be used for damping haul roads.
Exposed stockpile materials must be adequately protected against wind (covered), and should be sited taking into consideration the prevailing wind conditions. Covering could include planting of short term vegetation to prevent dust such as rye grass or even covering with grass sods which can later be used for landscaping. No invasive alien vegetation may be used as a vegetative cover on stockpiles.
Trucks bringing in materials must be covered to prevent dust and small particles escaping and potentially causing damage to people and property.
Please see attached Appendix 2, Figure 4 showing a diagrammatic representation of the management of haul roads. 6.11 REHABILITATION AND BOTANICAL CONCERNS
Any disturbed area that is not designated for roads or buildings must be rehabilitated. No alien vegetation may be used for any rehabilitation work. A Rehabilitation Plan / Method Statement must be approved by the ECO or NCOA. Ideally rehabilitation of plant material should take place prior to the rainy season in order that the plants establish sufficiently. However, in areas that may be a concern for erosion, irrigation may be justified to establish a vegetative barrier against erosion.
New Plant Nursery is available to undertake search and rescue on plant material prior to construction activities commencing.
Landscaping and acceptable plant material is dealt with in the Operational Phase section.
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6.12 SOCIAL REQUIREMENTS
6.12.1 Use of local labour It is strongly recommended that the contractor make use of local labour as far as possible for the construction phase of the project.
6.12.2 Targets - The target should be to have the majority of semi-skilled labour local to the Knysna Municipal area. - An average total of 80% or higher should be maintained for the Southern Cape region. - The contractor should endeavour to source local suppliers that are BEE compliant. - The contractor must ensure that suitable procurement policies are in place that supports local economic growth. - Locally manufactured products must be used as far as possible.
6.12.3 Record Keeping Records should be kept of all personnel under the main contract as well as those under any subcontractors employed by the contractor.
Staff Type Local to the Knysna Southern Cape (excluding Outside the Southern Municipal Area. the Knysna Municipal Area) Cape
Number Percentage Number Percentage Number Percentage
Semi-skilled
Operators
Artisans
Junior Management
Senior Management
Professionals
Apart from the labour records detailed above, financial records should be kept indicating the financial contribution to the local economy through the input into wages and the use of local suppliers.
6.12.4 Site Security Theft and other crime associated with construction sites is not only a concern for surrounding residents, but also the developer and the contractor.
Considering this, contractors need to be proactive in order to curtail theft and crime on and resulting from the construction site. It is recommended that the contractor develop a jobsite security plan prior to commencement of construction. This jobsite security plan should take
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into account protection of the construction site from both internal and external crime elements as well as the protection of surrounding communities from internal crime elements. All incidents of theft or other crime should be reported to the South African Police Service, no matter how seemingly insignificant. 6.13 HERITAGE REQUIREMENTS
Noetzie has been identified as a site utilised by humans for centuries and as such there is always the possibility of unearthing artefacts and / or remains. As a general principle, the legislation governing Heritage Resources requires the following:
- Should any heritage remains of potential cultural value be exposed during excavations, these must be immediately reported to the ECO or NCOA and the Provincial Heritage Resource Authority of the Western Cape, namely Heritage Western Cape in terms of the national Heritage Resources Act (Act No. 25 of 1999). Heritage remains uncovered or disturbed during earthworks may not be disturbed further until the necessary approval has been obtained from Heritage Western Cape. - Should any archaeological remains including (but not limited to) fossil bones, fossil shells, coins, indigenous ceramics, colonial ceramics, marine shell heaps, stone artefacts, bone remains, rock art, rock engravings and any antiquity be discovered during construction, they must be immediately reported to the ECO or NCOA and Heritage Western Cape and not disturbed further until the necessary approval has been obtained. - Should any human remains be uncovered, they must immediately be reported to the ECO and the HWC archaeologist, who can be contacted on (021) 483 9685. Construction in the area must cease immediately and the site may not be disturbed further until the necessary approval has been obtained. 6.14 METHOD STATEMENTS
Method statements are written submissions by the Contractor to the ECO and NCOA in response to the requirements of this EMPr or to a request by the ECO or NCOA. The Contractor shall be required to prepare method statements for several specific construction activities and/or environmental management aspects.
The Contractor shall not commence the activity for which a method statement is required until the ECO or NCOA has approved the relevant method statement.
Method statements must be submitted at least five (5) days prior to the date on which approval is required (start of the activity). Failure to submit a method statement may result in suspension of the activity concerned until such time as a method statement has been submitted and approved.
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An approved method statement shall not absolve the Contractor from any of his obligations or responsibilities in terms of the contract. However, any damage caused to the environment through activities undertaken without an approved method statement shall be rehabilitated at the contractor’s cost.
Additional method statements can be requested at the ECO or NCOA’s discretion at any time during the construction phase.
The method statements shall cover relevant details with regard to:
- Construction procedures and location of the construction site; - Start date and duration of the procedure; - Materials, equipment and labour to be used; - How materials, equipment and labour would be moved to and from the site as well as on site during construction; - Storage, removal and subsequent handling of all materials, excess materials and waste materials of the procedure; - Emergency procedures in case of any reasonably potential accident / incident which could occur during the procedure; - Compliance / non-compliance with the EMPr specification and motivation if non- compliant.
6.14.1 Method Statements Required: Based on the specifications in this EMPr, the following method statements are required as a minimum (more method statements may be requested as required at any time under the direction of the ECO):
- Site clearing.
- Site layout and establishment.
- Hazardous substances and their storage.
- Cement and concrete batching.
- Traffic accommodation.
- Solid waste control system.
- Erosion remediation and stabilisation.
- Fire control and emergency procedures
- Petroleum, chemical, harmful and hazardous materials. 6.15 HEALTH AND SAFETY
The contractor must ensure compliance with the Occupational Health and Safety (No. 85 of 1993). Of key importance is the following (Section 8 of the aforesaid act);
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8. General duties of employers to their employees:
(1) Every employer shall provide and maintain, as far as is reasonably practicable, a working environment that is safe and without risk to the health of his employees.
(2) Without derogating from the generality of an employer's duties under subsection (1), the matters to which those duties refer include in particular-
(a) the provision and maintenance of systems of work, plant and machinery that, as far as is reasonably practicable, are safe and without risks to health;
(b) taking such steps as may be reasonably practicable to eliminate or mitigate any hazard or potential hazard to the safety or health of employees, before resorting to personal protective equipment;
(c) making arrangements for ensuring, as far as is reasonably practicable, the safety and absence of risks to health in connection with the production, processing, use, handling, storage or transport of articles or substances;
(d) establishing, as far as is reasonably practicable, what hazards to the health or safety of persons are attached to any work which is performed, any article or substance which is produced, processed, used, handled, stored or transported and any plant or machinery which is used in his business, and he shall, as far as is reasonably practicable, further establish what precautionary measures should be taken with respect to such work, article, substance, plant or machinery in order to protect the health and safety of persons, and he shall provide the necessary means to apply such precautionary measures;
(e) providing such information, instructions, training and supervision as may be necessary to ensure, as far as is reasonably practicable, the health and safety at work of his employees;
(f) as far as is reasonably practicable, not permitting any employee to do any work or to produce, process, use, handle, store or transport any article or substance or to operate any plant or machinery, unless the precautionary measures contemplated in paragraphs (b) and (d), or any other precautionary measures which may be prescribed, have been taken;
(g) taking all necessary measures to ensure that requirements of this Act are complied with by every person in his employment or on premises under his control where plant or machinery is used;
(h) enforcing such measures as may be necessary in the interest of health and safety;
(i) ensuring that work is performed and that plant or machinery is used under the general supervision of a person trained to understand the hazards associated with
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it and who have the authority to ensure that precautionary measures taken by the employer are implemented; and
(j) causing all employees to be informed regarding the scope of their authority as contemplated in section 37 (1) (b).
The Occupational Health and Safety Act aims to provide for the health and safety of persons at work and for the health and safety of persons in connection with the activities of persons at work and to establish an advisory council for occupational health and safety.
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7 OPERATIONAL PHASE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS
The Operational Phase of this EMPr refers to the day to day management activities that are required to ensure sustainability and the achievement of the principles and objectives of the NCOA. The requirements are applicable to all land owners, tenants and all visitors (business or tourism) to any properties that fall under the umbrella of the NCOA. 7.1 LANDSCAPING
Noetzie falls inside an area identified as a Critical Biodiversity Area (CBA) and an Ecological Support Area (ESA). This provides an elevated measure of responsibility to ensure that activities within the transformed / urban area do not negatively impact on the CBA.
Although transformed by residences, Noetzie does not fall into the urban edge of Knysna and as such has been identified at a finer scale as transformed in the CBA.
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Within urban environments, one of the greatest impacts on surrounding open spaces is the uninhibited use of exotic vegetation for gardening and landscaping. Plants do not adhere to boundaries such as fences or cadastral units, and may be blown, carried or creep outside of designated areas (gardens) and establish themselves in natural areas. This causes the so called “garden escapees”, which can affect the natural biodiversity. The most effective method of preventing this is to simply landscape with locally indigenous vegetation. The other benefits to using this approach is that locally indigenous vegetation is adapted to local conditions and uses less water and fertiliser and requires less maintenance.
The vegetation types in and around Noetzie are identified by Mucina et al (2006) as:
- Cape Estuarine Salt Marshes - Southern Afrotemperate Forest - South Outeniqua Sandstone Fynbos - Knysna Sand Fynbos
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Not all indigenous vegetation is easy to recreate or replant in a garden setting. In collaboration with New Plant Nursery, a list of obtainable plant species has been drafted, specific to each ecosystem type. These plants are commercially available, can be used to create landscaped effects in gardens and most importantly, naturally occur in the specified areas. The species available for the Southern Cape are included as Appendix 3 of the EMPr. The species local to Noetzie are included in Table 1 below.
Specific botanical studies (McDonald, 2009) have noted that on the headland areas of Noetzie, despite the generalisation of the Mucina map, many of the Fynbos species have established themselves due to the topography and site specific conditions. In light of this, it would thus be acceptable to include some of the species available in gardens.
The status of the vegetation type has been identified by the South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI). The status of each type determines the importance of management activities to ensure sustainability and biodiversity.
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SOUTHERN AFROTEMPERATE FOREST SOUTH OUTENIQUA SANDSTONE FYNBOS KNYSNA SAND FYNBOS STATUS: LEAST THREATENED STATUS: VULNERABLE STATUS: ENDANGERED Scree and deep gorge: Small trees: Small tree: Cunonia capensis Widdringtonia nodiflora Widdringtonia nodiflora Metrosideros angustifolia Tall shrubs: Tall shrubs: Podocarpus elongatus Chrysanthemoides monilifera Leucadendron eucalyptifolium Tall trees: Leucadendron conicum Metalasia densa Afrocarpus falcatus Leucadendron eucalyptifolium Low shrubs: Brabejum stellatifolium Leucadendron uliginosum uliginosum Anthospermum aethiopicum Cunonia capensis Metalasia densa Berzelia intermedia Curtisia dentata Protea neriifolia Erica glandulosa fourcadei Ilex mitis Protea repens Erica sessiliflora Nuxia floribunda Dodonaea viscosa var. augustifolia Leucadendron salignum Ochna arborea arborea Podalyria sericea Lobelia coronopifolia Olea capensis macrocarpa Pterocelastrus tricuspidata Morella quercifolia Olinia ventosa Low shrubs: Muraltia squarrosa Podocarpus elongatus Leucadendron comosum comosum Oedera imbricata Podocarpus latifolius Leucadendron salignum Protea cynaroides Pterocelastrus tricuspidata Leucadendron spissifolium fragrans Stoebe plumosa Rapanea melanophloeos Leucospermum cuneiforme Tephrosia capensis Small trees: Berzelia intermedia Herbs: Allophylus decipiens Brunia nodiflora Geranium incanum Brachylaena nerifolia Acmadenia tetragona Graminoids: Canthium inerme Anisodontea scabrosa Cynodon dactylon Cassine peragua Erica discolor Eragrostis capensis Diospyros whyteana Erica formosa Ficinia bulbosa Gonioma kamassi Erica gracilis Thamnochortus cinereus Lachnostylis hirta Erica sparsa Metrosideros augustifolia Erica versicolor Virgilia divaricata Mimetes cucullatus Virgilia oroboides feruginea Protea cynaroides Virgilia oroboides oroboides Senecio glastifolius Tall shrubs: Struthiola eckloniana Burchellia bubalina Syncarpha paniculata Sparrmannia africana Geophytic herbs: Geophytic herbs: Pteriduim aquilinum Blechnum capense Watsonia fourcadei Blechnum tabulare Graminoids: Clivia mirabilis Ficinia gracilis Dietes iridioides Rumohra adiantiformis Tudea barbara Woody climber: Asparagus scandens Graminoids: Ischyrolepis subverticillata Megaherbs: Strelitzia alba
No invasive alien plant species may be used for any landscaping purposes. This will encourage the restoration and rehabilitation of the vegetation type. A suitable rehabilitation plan should be drawn up in consultation with the NCOA. This should include a list of plant species to prevent inclusion of any exotic plant material.
The NCOA strongly promotes the use of water wise landscaping, not only in the interests of water conservation, but excessive watering creates changes in the hydrological capabilities
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of soil. This could potentially have an impact on the structure of the soil as well as for the management of stormwater and its impact on the river.
Landscaping correctly can be used as a tool to minimise impacts of stormwater on steep slopes. Areas that have been cut need to be modified to provide pockets for vegetation to establish. Vegetation should be used that can survive in areas subject to high water content, shallow soils and shade. The following should be considered:
- If necessary, create holes or shelves in rocky areas or in steep areas that have topsoil, place runners (strips) of hessian or biddem and attach by means of wood stakes; - Make holes in the material just big enough for a plant to be implanted; - Place plants randomly, with spacings of approximately 30cm; - Plants such as Carpobrotus spp (vygies) create good ground cover in difficult areas. Aloes must be north facing, so avoid placing in areas that are too wet and shady. Identify vegetation that occurs locally on steep slopes and rather recreate a natural environment for slope protection. 7.2 REED MANAGEMENT
Reed beds are important in river and estuarine ecosystems for providing two important functions, in addition to others. These are floodwater attenuation and their ability to act as filters for nutrients.
They slow down the velocity of flood waters due to their biomass and density, protecting riparian banks and other vegetation. In slowing the water, nutrients, soil particles and dissolved solids are able to drop out of suspension and settle out. Reed beds are thus very nutrient rich habitats.
This ability to allow solids to drop out of suspension allows the reed beds to filter out nutrients, bacteria and heavy metals. The water is thus cleaned by the reed beds and emerges further downstream clear of solids and potentially harmful bacteria and heavy metals.
However, in some instances, reeds can be considered a problem when encroaching onto the river banks. Reeds are pioneer species and will quickly make use of available space when conditions are appropriate. The flow of the river is one of the biggest drivers of the habitat available for reed beds. Less water in the system will allow reeds to spread, whilst higher water levels will naturally control the spread. Unfortunately the “problem” of reed encroachment is only one perceived by humans and not necessarily an ecological problem. The perceived problem is mostly one associated with boat access and views of the watercourse. It is recommended that any removal of reeds is discussed and approved by the NCOA before commencing.
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Reeds can be controlled by spraying herbicides, mowing, discing, bulldozing, crushing, scything (hand cutting), shading, dredging, flooding, draining, burning, and grazing. In order to remain within the parameters of the NCOA goals for conservation, it is recommended that no more than the required area is cleared and a combination of control mechanisms is used, preferably only mowing, scything, by herbicide and only in certain circumstances, burning.
No herbicides should be sprayed directly onto plant material that is partially submerged. Cutting or mowing first, then spraying of herbicides on dry areas only is recommended. Hand cutting or burning is recommended for submerged plant material.
Burning should only be undertaken in the non-growing seasons (late summer or winter) and only with the required permits and approvals in place. Burning has the potential to cause damage to other riparian vegetation and create conditions favourable to soil erosion. Burning should be done with the utmost care. 7.3 ALIEN VEGETATION MANAGEMENT
Alien invasive vegetation is identified as exotic (imported, not indigenous) plant material that is supremely adapted to local conditions. In most cases, these plant species have no natural predators and are able to out-compete indigenous vegetation.
The impact of alien vegetation on biodiversity, water resources, aesthetics and fire management is very well documented. All alien invasive vegetation should be removed from the area in order to ensure restoration of the indigenous vegetation.
Removal of alien vegetation can be undertaken using various methods. These include mechanical (cutting, chopping, pulling, ring barking), chemical (poisoning) or biological (bugs, beetles). Each species reacts differently and thus often requires specific actions or a combination of actions to effectively remove.
The important thing is to first identify the species of plant and then to implement an effective removal plan. Most species require ongoing management, i.e. initial clearing then several follow up clearings of juvenile plants.
Use of general herbicides is discouraged in any areas where contamination of the beach, river or estuary may occur. In the event that herbicides are required for the removal of alien vegetation, please refer to the NCOA website to obtain the details of acceptable products to use. In the event that use of a herbicide is required, please notify the NCOA. Always read the instructions and follow the dilutions correctly.
The status of the species identifies the threat and the management actions required to address the threat. The CARA categories are currently the effective categories, however, legislation is pending on NEM:BA and provides are more realistic identification of the threats of several species. The NEM:BA list of weeds and categories has been included as Appendix 4.
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The CARA categories currently are:
Category 1: Invader plants must be removed & destroyed immediately Category 2: Invader plants may be grown under controlled conditions only Category 3: Invader plants may no longer be planted
The most common species of alien invasives that occur in Noetzie are:
- Acacia mearnsii (Black Wattle) – currently Category 2 invader.
Black wattle is removed by cutting the tree off at about 10cm and the stump painted with a herbicide. A herbicide must be used as black wattle will resprout from a cut stump.
Black wattle may also be controlled by frilling or pulling. When pulling, ensure that the root system is also removed.
A Triclopyr herbicide such as Garlon is recommended for black wattle.
- Acacia melanoxylon (Australian Blackwood) – currently Category 2 invader, mostly due to the economic value of the wood.
Blackwood is removed by cutting the tree as low as possible and the stump painted with a herbicide. Blackwood may also be controlled by frilling or pulling. When pulling, ensure that the root system is also removed.
A Triclopyr herbicide such as Garlon is recommended for blackwood.
- Cestrum laevigatum (Inkberry) - currently Category 1 invader.
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Inkberry seedlings should be pulled out as soon as they are identified. Larger trees should be cut and the stump treated with a Triclopyr such as Garlon. - Ipomoea spp (Morning Glory) - currently Category 3 invader.
A combination of cutting and foliar sprays (broadleaf herbicide) will control Morning Glory. Ensure that the rhizome (root) is removed if no herbicide is applied. Burning has also been used to destroy Morning Glory. A Glyphosate such as Roundup is best used on Morning Glory.
- Lantana camara (Lantana) - currently Category 1 invader.
Individual Lantana can be removed by cutting out the plant at the base of the stem. Make sure that all of the plant is removed. Large infestations should be sprayed with a foliar spray.
The plant should not be allowed to come into contact with soil again as it will resprout. Burning is the most effective means of destroying lantana. A Triclopyr herbicide such as Garlon or a Glyphosate such as Roundup can be used on Lantana as a foliar spray or a stump treatment.
- Leptospermum laevigatum (Australian Myrtle) - currently Category 1 invader.
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Australian Myrtle should be cut down at ground level. It is not necessary to apply herbicide to the stumps. - Pinus spp (pine trees) – due to the economic value of pine species they are currently listed as a Category 2 invader.
Pines can be cut or pulled, if small enough. It is not necessary to apply a herbicide to the stump once cut.
- Cortaderia jubata (pampas grass) – currently Category 1 invader.
Pampas grass must be removed by covering the flower heads (feathers) with a sack and cutting out the plant at the base. Then entire plant with the sack must be burnt. On no account should any root material be left in contact with the soil as it will resprout.
A Glyphosate herbicide such as Roundup can be used on the plant once all the feathers are removed.
- Solanum mauritianum (bugweed) – currently Category 1 invader Bugweed is spread by Rameron pigeons. The plant must be removed by cutting it off at the stem. The plant may then be placed at a green waste site for disposal or burnt.
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Seedlings should be pulled out and larger trees treated with a Triclopyr or Glyphosate foliar spray.
The full list of invasive alien plants and their status in terms of the National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act (NEM:BA, Act 10 of 2004) and the Conservation of Agricultural Resources Act (CARA) is available as Appendix 4. The Working for Water Guide to Control Method and Herbicide Selection is also included.
It is suggested that when alien vegetation is identified on a site, the NCOA provides a management method statement for its removal. No dumping of invasive vegetative material in Noetzie is allowed. Any material must be taken to a relevant green waste site for disposal.
7.3.1 Herbicide Application The following needs to be considered when applying herbicides:
Foliar Applications
- Foliar applications should be made with a low pressure (20-50 psi) backpack sprayer at rates of 4 liters or less per minute; - All foliar treatments should be made after full leaf expansion in the spring and before Autumn (before the end of April); - Allow herbicide treatments to dry for at least three hours at an air temperature above 18⁰ to ensure adequate absorption and translocation. In other words, herbicide should not be sprayed on days where rain is expected; - It may be necessary to close off the treatment area for access until the herbicide has completely dried; - Use a nonionic surfactant (i.e. a wetting agent such as actipron) with all herbicide solutions used for foliar spraying. Surfactants (wetting agents) increase the effectiveness of the herbicide by: o reducing surface tension and ensuring complete foliar coverage, and o increasing the rate of absorption through the leaf cuticle. - Apply herbicide with a backpack or similar hand-operated pump sprayer equipped with a flat spray tip or adjustable cone nozzle. - Apply herbicide to the leaves and stems of target plants using a consistent back and forth motion. - Herbicide should thoroughly cover foliage, but not to the point of run-off. - Triclopyr herbicide requires complete foliar coverage to be effective. - Applications made while walking backward will reduce the risk of the herbicide getting onto the applicator's clothing.
Cut Stump Applications
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The main advantages to these methods, and this is the reason they have been recommended for the initial clearing options, are:
- they are very economical, - there is minimal probability of non-target damage, - minimal application time, and - they can be used in the winter. Backpack sprayers or spray bottles are very effective for all of these methods.
Horizontally cut the stems at or near ground level as described above (no higher than 100mm); all cuts should be level, smooth, and free of debris. Immediately apply the herbicide to the outer 20% (cambial area) of the stump; delayed treatment may reduce the effectiveness of treatment. 7.4 FIRE MANAGEMENT / PROTECTION
Fire plays an important role in maintaining the biodiversity of certain ecosystems, especially Fynbos systems, but can be detrimental to other such as Forest ecosystems. In the case of Noetzie, there are fynbos elements on the headland with forest species down to the beach and along the river. Forests tend to have adapted a natural immunity to fires and have certain species, such as the Keurboom on the edges to protect the truer forest species from the effects of fire.
However, impacts by humans on the system, including alien infestation, forest clearing and inappropriate development have led to fires impacting on true forest species. In order to minimise the impacts of fires on the conservancy, the NCOA has implemented the following:
- NO open fires are permitted on the beach, in the parking areas or in any areas of indigenous vegetation; - Any fires in allocated places (braai places) must be completely extinguished before leaving the site; - Cigarettes butts may only be disposed of in suitable receptacles and may not be thrown into the veld anywhere within the conservancy.
The NCOA has access to fire fighting equipment in the event that a small fire requires extinguishing. In case of emergency incidences the Eden District Municipality’s Emergency Response number is:
10177
7.5 WATER CONSERVATION
Water conservation in South Africa is of vital importance. Our water resources are under extreme pressure from pollution, over abstraction and development and all efforts to minimise usage should be implemented. No potable water may be used for the irrigation of gardens or any other outdoor uses. The following must be included in the design of all
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buildings proposed by land owners who will be constructing their own homes, and should be taken into consideration by existing homeowners.
7.5.1 Rain Water Harvesting Due to the location of Noetzie, most of the properties are not serviced by the municipality. As such households are dependent on harvesting rain water to provide for their basic needs. Even given this self-sustainability, water users should still be aware of their consumption and make efforts to ensure water conservation.
Consideration should be given to provide solar pumps at each rainwater tank in order to more effectively supply the units, where no municipal electrical connection is available. The overflow from tanks should be directed into the stormwater system.
Water tanks are the private property of the individual home owners and no water may be drawn from any tank without the owner’s permission.
7.5.2 Water Abstraction Abstraction of water for private domestic use from the Noetzie River is permitted under Schedule 1 of the National Water Act. It is recommended that all pumps have flow meters incorporated and record of abstraction is kept.
Land owners must ensure that abstraction complies with any legal framework. Enquiries can be made to the NCOA if uncertain.
7.5.3 Dual Flush Toilets Conservative estimates have shown that a saving of more than 22 000 liters per household can be achieved annually with the installation of dual flush toilets (Aquanotion, 2008). All households and ablution facilities should be fitted with dual flush systems.
7.5.4 Low flow shower heads The installation of low flow shower heads can not only reduce water consumption by up to 50%, but also the energy required for water heating by up to 50% (Eartheasy, 2008).
It has been estimated that a saving of up to 57 000 liters of water per annum per household can be achieved through the installation of low flow shower heads. Low flow shower heads make use of either aerators or pulse systems to reduce the flow without compromising the quality of the shower. The choice of shower head is up to the individual owner, but must have a flow of less than seven liters per minute.
7.5.5 Low flow Taps Low flow tap use aerators to reduce the flow of the water. These are either built into the faucet or added as an aftermarket product. The faucets in bathrooms should have a peak flow of less than 10 liters per minute.
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It is not necessary to install aerators in kitchen sinks as they are seldom run without a plug. All bathroom basins must be fitted with low flow faucets.
7.5.6 Washing machines It is recommended that all washing machines that are to be installed in houses should be front loading washing machines as opposed to top loading washing machines. Apart from much lower energy and water requirements, front loader washing machines have a number of advantages that make them a better environmental choice:
- Less wear and tear on washed materials – Washed materials therefore last longer and result in a net resource saving; - Faster drying times - Because of the horizontal axis and faster spin speeds, more water is removed and the materials dry faster which results in energy saving if a clothes dryer is used.; - Quieter operation – Therefore less noise pollution; and - Less detergent - Far less is required compared to top loaders. Fewer chemicals therefore reach treatment plants and ultimately waterways.
7.5.7 Geyser and pipe insulation Apart from the savings in terms of energy as detailed below, insulating geysers and pipes save water, as shorter periods of running the tap to get hot water are required.
All structures should have insulation on geysers and all hot water pipes.
7.5.8 Swimming Pools Incorrectly designed and maintained swimming pools are a significant part of the senseless waste of water resources. A typical uncovered pool can lose between 1,2 and 1,8m of water a year to evaporation. Chemicals can also evaporate into the air, requiring the ongoing use of more than is necessary. The following considerations must be implemented on any properties that intend building swimming pools (PracticalEnvironmentalist, 2008):
- Pool covers must be used to prevent water evaporation, loss of chemicals, loss of water heat and as security against drowning of people or animals. The covers reduce the amount of make-up water by between 30 and 50 percent and reduce chemical consumption by between 35 and 60 percent. The covers further retain as much as 70 percent of the water heat. - Pools painted with dark colours absorb heat and increase the water temperature naturally without the use of a pool heater. - Pool water heaters should not be run all year and should be kept at lower temperatures in order to be more energy efficient. Ideally no pool heaters should be used. - Well maintained pool equipment is more efficient and lasts longer.
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- Operate pool filters and automated pool cleaners outside of peak energy use times. In winter, this equipment can be used less frequently without affecting the clarity of the pool. - Create a windbreak around the pool using indigenous plants. This prevents the wind from increasing evaporation on the surface of the water. It also creates habitat for birds and can act as a natural barrier to decrease the visual impact of a fence; - Chemical pools are discouraged and consideration should rather be given to salt water or natural pools; - Backwash water (applicable to both chemical and salt water pools) may not be discharged onto the ground, but must be collected in a tank and removed from site. It is possible to discharge the backwash water into a grey water system if one is in place.
In addition, it must be noted that a swimming pool forms part of a building footprint.
7.5.9 Waterwise Landscaping Waterwise landscaping principles must be incorporated into the detailed landscaping plans. The following principles apply to waterwise gardening:
- Grow water-wise plants – generally the best suited plants are those indigenous to the area, as they seldom need additional watering; - Group plants according to their water needs – this avoids wasting water on plants that don’t need it; - Consider the quality and type of the lawn. Lawns use unacceptable amounts of water, so consider reducing lawn areas to a minimum. Use tougher, low-water lawn types such as Buffalo (coastal areas) or Kweek (inland) rather than Kikuyu. - Maintain the garden – remove unwanted plants, plant more perennials than summer annuals, as they have deeper root systems and so need less watering. - Improve the soil and mulch. Soil water-holding capacity is improved by higher organic matter content. Mulching (covering the soil with a thick layer of bark, compost, straw etc.) keeps the soil much more moist. - Plant in the right season – For winter rainfall areas this is in autumn and early winter so the plants have a chance to develop their root systems before the dry season. In summer rainfall areas it is spring and early summer for the same reason. - Water correctly – avoid watering during the heat of the day or in windy conditions. - The best irrigation system is drip irrigation – it uses 25% of water used by normal irrigation systems with the same effect, and can even be placed under lawns.
7.5.10 Grey Water Grey water is the water that comes from the bath, shower, basins, laundry and the kitchen sink. It is not to be confused with Black water, which is sewage that comes from the toilet.
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Black water is toxic and requires very specific methods of treatment in order to be safe for re- use. Grey water, however, can easily be recycled and re-used for a variety of uses. These include:
- Irrigation of gardens; - Water for flushing toilets; - Any outdoor use; - Dampening dusty areas or roads.
Grey water systems require precise methods to clean the water. There are various companies and organisations that can assist with implementing a grey water system. Please refer to the NCOA website for more information. 7.6 ENERGY CONSERVATION
The provision of energy has become a controversial topic, and has led to the reconsideration for many people of how they use energy in their homes. Noetzie, due its location and lack of municipal services, has involuntarily been practising energy conservation by using solar energy. Having said that, it is still important for people to create a habit of conserving energy, especially visitors to the Conservancy.
Solar energy is created by light and heat which is emitted by the sun, in the form of electromagnetic radiation. With modern technology, we are able to capture this radiation and turn it into usable forms of solar energy such as electricity.
Many of the suggestions below generally require inclusion during the design phase of new developments, but can just as easily be incorporated into existing dwellings.
7.6.1 Solar heating water systems Solar heated water systems are an innovative way of producing hot water without putting additional pressure on gas or municipal power supply. There are many different types available on the market, and home owners should consider all their requirements (number of people using facility, location of house, angles of roof) before making a choice.
7.6.2 Energy Efficient Lighting In terms of Best Practice, it is required that energy saving lighting fixtures be used throughout the entire township. It is therefore specified that Light Emitting Diode (LED) or Compact Fluorescent (CF) lighting be used as opposed to incandescent lighting. This is required for all internal and external lighting, including street lighting. Proximity switches should be used in areas where lighting for pedestrians is required.
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NO external High Pressure Sodium (HPS) or Metal Halide (MH) spot or floodlights should be installed.
CF lighting uses quantities of mercury in the bulbs and tubes which pose serious environmental hazards. The mercury from one CF bulb can pollute many thousand litres of water if not treated correctly (Eden District Municipality, 2011). CF lighting (energy saving bulbs and tubes) must be correctly disposed of at registered Hazardous waste sites. Companies like Pick n Pay and Woolworths offer facilities to collect CF bulbs for recycling and disposal. The following should be considered when handling CF bulbs (eHow Home, 2011):
Disposing of Burnt Out Bulbs
- Seal the bulb inside two plastic bags, or one thick freezer bag, before disposal. - Find the nearest recycling station that handles hazardous materials. Check with your city's municipal office to see if there is a recycling program in your town. - Take the bulbs to the recycling station. Ask the people there about the process of giving them your bulbs and follow all their instructions. - Tell everyone you know who is using energy efficient bulbs how to properly dispose of them as the use of these bulbs is growing.
If a Bulb Breaks
- Open a window and leave the room. Let no one inside for at least 15 minutes. - Collect the fragments and powder with stiff paper or cardboard. Wear disposable rubber gloves. Do not use a vacuum cleaner. - Clean the entire area with a wet wipe or wet paper towel. Use adhesive tape to collect excess powder. - Seal all pieces and cleanup materials in a plastic bag. Follow the above procedures on disposal or recycling. Wash your hands completely afterward. - Dispose of the vacuum bag in the same manner the next time you vacuum the area. If it's a canister vacuum, wipe it completely clean.
7.6.3 Energy Efficient Appliances Energy efficient appliances are becoming widely available. Follow the Energy Guide labels on appliances to help selection of correct models. Any appliance that has to heat up water or air will use more energy, as will an appliance that boasts additional extras such as ice making, dispensing and auto defrosting on fridges or heat drying on dishwashers.
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7.6.4 Solar Cooling Systems Where required by homeowners, the home owner should consider the use of solar cooling systems such as absorption or adsorption chillers as opposed to conventional air conditioning units.
7.6.5 Evaporative Cooling Systems Consideration should be given to evaporative cooling systems as these cut down considerably on energy usage for appliances such as air conditioners. Furthermore, the system ensures that fresh air circulates within housing units, which improves on environmental health risks.
Fresh air is drawn from outside the house (the hotter the better) and passes through moistened pads which cools it down and filters it before flowing through outlets in the house.
There are certain parameters required for evaporative cooling systems, which should be thoroughly investigated prior to installation.
7.6.6 Geyser and pipe insulation Apart from the savings in terms of energy as detailed below, insulating geysers and pipes save water, as shorter periods of running the tap to get hot water are required.
All structures should have insulation on geysers and all hot water pipes. 7.7 WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
Developments of any kind create several problems for the indigenous fauna of an area. This includes destruction and fragmentation of their habitat, destruction of corridors, introduction of problem animals, poaching, road mortality and disturbance of breeding sites to name a few. Fences are thus strongly discouraged at Noetzie. Noetzie has many recorded sitings of various animals, including leopard, as well as a comprehensive bird list to its credit. The importance of living in harmony with the local wildlife is one of the highlighted objectives of the NCOA.
This section identifies various mechanisms that can be adopted by home owners to improve their interaction with the local wildlife (Harrison, 2008 and CapeNature).
7.7.1 Destruction of Natural Habitats and Populations Habitat destruction is the prime driver in the decimation of populations.
- Restrict development and construction activities to planned areas; - Clear each building site individually; - Restrict the footprint of development to the smallest area possible; - Preserve undeveloped portions of erven in their natural state; - Create laydowns in previously disturbed areas;
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- Clear the site in a logical sequence (towards natural areas in order to allow fauna to escape towards open space areas); - Rehabilitate affected areas, where possible; - Manage functional areas appropriately; - Compensate for loss of habitats through creating indigenous gardens; - Facilitate search-and-rescue operations before and during site clearance; - Facilitate collection of scientific material and information before and during site clearance (this should fall under the responsibility of an ECO); - Leave undeveloped portions of erven unfenced; - Make provision for, and manage, ecological corridors; - Widen the ecological corridors where possible where allowing gardens and open space corridors to merge; - Create continuity with neighbouring properties; - Use recommended types of security fencing; - Swimming pools must be of the beach type to allow animals that might fall into it to get out on their own; - Wherever possible, place pipelines and cables underground, and rehabilitate; - Restrict creation of unwanted tracks; - Use natural materials to surface footpaths.
7.7.2 Road mortality Road deaths of animals have led to mass deaths of animals as a direct result of human actions and can be limited by a small change in behaviour.
- Restrict speed on roads; - Place warning signage in appropriate places; - Use appropriate curb designs (recommend edge restraint and/or mountable instead of barrier curbs).
7.7.3 Light pollution Noetzie has adopted a Dark Sky Philosophy which is aimed at reducing disturbance of light pollution on neighbours and other users. One of the benefits of this undertaking is that it benefits local wildlife.
- Reduce exterior lighting and avoid constant lighting; - Use only long-wavelength or low wattage lights for exterior lighting; - Use directional fittings for exterior lights. No direct light sources should be seen from outside the township; - Encourage the screening of interior lighting.
7.7.4 Poaching of local wildlife
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Poaching of wildlife is a constant threat and comes from surprising quarters. In light of the objectives of the NCOA, poaching is strictly prohibited within the boundaries of the conservancy. The following points should be considered to prevent poaching:
- Educate workers to avoid poaching; - Patrol the area to ensure that no snares are set; - Report incidents of snaring to the NCOA; - Keep a record of incidents; - Extend the network of footpaths where appropriate to increase patrol areas; - Control materials to avoid pollution and damage to fauna; - Control after-hours access.
7.7.5 Problem-animal scenarios Problem animals are created as a direct result of human interference in their habitats. Baboons and monkeys are the most common of problem animals as they most easily adapt to using humans as a food source, and are able to access houses, vehicles and most other units with ease when not sufficiently secured.
Baboons and monkeys are not a protected species and for years were considered vermin and indiscriminately destroyed. However, in terms of biodiversity, protection of all species is important as each has its role to play. In order to minimise the impact of problem animals on people and to protect the animals themselves, the following should be undertaken:
- Do not allow feeding of wild animals; - Keep attractive resources out of reach, this includes planting of fruit trees too close to dwellings; - Keep food out of reach of baboons and monkeys i.e. don’t leave a picnic unattended; - Exercise rigorous control of edible refuse; - Do not leave dustbins outside in easy reach; - Keep windows and doors securely closed; - Avoid bird feeders.
CapeNature has developed a pamphlet (Understanding Baboons) providing information regarding baboons. The pamphlet has been attached as Appendix 5.
Other animals which can become problem animals are feral cats and dogs. When found, they should be removed. Contact the local Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA) for assistance in capturing and removing feral animals.
Domestic animals can also have an impact on wildlife. Animals should be kept confined to the property as far as possible.
7.7.6 Domestic Animals
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Domestic animals such as dogs, cats, monkeys and some birds can cause problems to the natural fauna if not kept adequately enclosed. This is in line with the municipal bylaws regarding domestic animals. NO dogs are permitted on the Sinclair Nature Reserve and the eastern side of the Noetzie River. The following measures must be implemented and communicated very clearly to all homeowners.
• No domesticated animal may roam outside of the owners property unsupervised; • Animals roaming the nature areas unsupervised are liable to be removed from the site at SANParks discretion; • The municipal regulations regarding the number of animals that may be kept must be adhered to.
7.7.7 Birds in Reserves Project (BIRP) The BIRP project was an initiative of the Avian Demography Unit (ADU) of Cape Town University, starting in 1992 as a National “Citizen Science” project. The project initially only captured data found in formally proclaimed nature reserves. However, the project expanded to include any area that boasts any form of protection, such as a conservancy or formally zoned open space area.
Anyone can participate in the project, regardless of the level of expertise. That will come. Details can be obtained from the NCOA on how to register as an observer and how to fill in the forms.
An example of the form, as well as a current bird list for the conservancy is available in Appendix 6. 7.8 WASTE MANAGEMENT
Effective management of household waste contributes to a more sustainable implementation of landfill sites and their management. Sorting of recyclable materials at the source, i.e. in each household, causes less backlog at the landfill site and decreases the availability of material so required by scavengers to the dump site. Using biodegradable waste in a garden compost heap or an earthworm farm is far more supportive of the environment than disposing of it in the general waste.
7.8.1 Recycling It is recommended that recycling bins are placed at a central point in the township, with access for all residents and visitors to encourage recycling of most of the general household waste that is produced. Bins need to be adequately marked for ease of reference. The NCOA should enter into an agreement with a local recycling organisation for collection of these materials.
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See Appendix 7 for easy to use reference documents on what can be recycled and how recycling works.
7.8.2 Garden Refuse Garden refuse, such as prunings and grass clippings may not be disposed of in the open space areas. Unwanted germination of seed in natural areas is to be prevented at all costs. Homeowners must take the responsibility of removing or having it removed to a suitable disposal site. Where there is sufficient space and / or mechanisms in place, garden refuse may be composted. No burning of garden waste on site is permitted.
7.8.3 Biodegradable Refuse Households produce large amounts of biodegradable refuse that can easily be recycled to produce compost. Compost provides a rich source of nutrients for plants, both indoors and out. There are a vast array of methods and mechanisms available to homeowners, from worm farms to kitchen composters which make this process easy and not labour intensive, as well as odourless.
More information can be obtained from the Urban Sprout Green Directory on www.urbansprout.co.za.
Compost heaps are not advisable due to the potential issues around leaving biodegradable refuse at any place accessible by baboons and monkeys. Worm farms are an acceptable method of composting as they can be kept indoors away from predators. It is however, advisable that this activity is only undertaken by more permanent residents where a constant source of material is available for the worms.
7.8.4 Septic Tanks and Soak-aways All households are currently serviced by means of septic tanks and soak-aways. All members of the NCOA are to ensure that their tanks and soak-aways are well maintained, healthy and active. All septic tanks should be re-activated at least once a month. Properties in close proximity to the estuary and beach must ensure that no effluent causes pollution of these areas.
Septic tanks and soak-aways are only efficient when properly maintained, used to the correct capacity and when located in the correct place. Minimising the amount of grey water entering the system can improve the efficacy of a septic tank and improve re-use of water.
Septic tanks near wetlands and rivers are potential pollution causes. All houses along the estuary that have soak-aways have been identified and monitoring of the water quality of the estuary at these locations should be undertaken. Properties that
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indicate pollution of the watercourse will be required to mitigate the impact.
Alternatives to the use of septic tanks include waterless toilets, biolytic systems and other anaerobic sewage systems. Refer to the NCOA website for more information and available service providers. 7.9 ROAD MAINTENANCE
Maintenance of the road verge and upkeep of the car park on the headland are the responsibility of Knysna Municipality and members of the NCOA. The road accessing the river properties off the Old Wagon Road is the responsibility of the Home Services Group.
7.10 PARKING, TRAFFIC AND PRIVATE ROADS
Noetzie has very limited parking facilities for the public and vehicle access for property owners and visitors. The Old Wagon Road is the primary access from the headland to the beach and river. There is limited parking on the Old Wagon Road due to its narrowness and steep slopes. This also poses a problem for use of the road and care must be taken when using it. Parking is particularly a problem during season times and the following should be followed to facilitate owners and visitors:
- Use of the Old Wagon Road is limited to residents on the beach and the river, their guests, service vehicles, authorised builders and maintenance vehicles; - Driving or parking on the beach is only permitted for vehicles with valid permits; - The demarcated parking bays on the right hand side of the Old Wagon Road are reserved for the owners of the beach properties (no guests) on a first come, first served basis; - If two vehicles meet on the Old Wagon Road or the track, the onus is on the ascending (upward moving) vehicle to reverse and allow the other to pass.
The River properties at Noetzie are accessed by means of a private road that leads off the Old Wagon Road. The gate to the road is locked and access is only for property owners along the river. The road is maintained by the Home Services Group (HSG). Permission for use of this road may only be obtained from the HSG. The following must be taken into consideration:
- No vehicles over 1 ton may access the river road; - Construction material may only be transported in vehicles within the weight limitation and with permission from the HSG.
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7.11 RECREATIONAL USE: LAGOON AND BEACH
The Noetzie lagoon and beach are primary recreation areas in the conservancy. Use of the lagoon and beach is open to all members of the public. In order to prevent discord, the following is expected:
- No powered craft are permitted on the Noetzie River and lagoon; - Sailing boats and windsurfers may be used, but not in the area adjacent to the beach; - Swimmers have priority at all times; - Privately owned boats must remain on the owners property when not in residence; - NO fires are permitted anywhere on the beach area; - All refuse must be placed in the bins provided or preferably removed entirely from Noetzie; - Toilet facilities are available at the mouth of the estuary. The facility must be kept clean and litter free; - Overnighting on the beach is not permissible; - Noise pollution must be avoided. No amplified noise, electrified music or fire crackers are allowed; - Residential generators should be kept off between 22h00 and 06h00.
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7.12 GENERAL
In addition to the items covered in this EMPr, the NCOA have policies regarding estate agents and noise that must be taken into consideration by land owners. These are:
- Water pumps along the river should be fitted with silencing mechanism and their use restricted to the hours of 09h00 to 12h00. - Estate agents are required to comply with the legal requirements for erecting signboards. All boards must be located off the road reserve, within the relevant property only and within the specified size. 7.13 AUTHORISATIONS, PERMITS AND LICENSES
Noetzie properties are subject to various pieces of legislation applicable to construction activities, land use activities and recreational activities. Depending on certain thresholds, all the Noetzie properties are subject to an OSCA permit, and the majority of the properties fall within certain thresholds of the National Environmental Management Act (NEMA) and may trigger Environmental Impact Assessment regulations.
Apart from the possible authorisations required for the above mentioned, the following permits and licenses are always required by land owners within the NCOA:
- Beach Permit for vehicles driving on the coastal zone. Available from the Department of Environmental Affairs: Directorate Oceans and Coast;
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- Recreational Fishing and Bait Collection Permits must be obtained. Available from the Knysna Post office, SANParks offices (estuary only) or any DEA: Oceans and Coast (previously known as Marine and Coastal Management) office; - Access Permit to utilise the Sinclair Nature Reserve. Available from SANParks office in Knysna.
Copies of the current Beach Permit and an example of an OSCA Permit Application have been included in Appendix 8. 7.14 EMERGENCY EVACUATION PROCEDURES
Noetzie has only one public point of access from Knysna. The secondary point of access is via Pezula Private Estate. In the event of any emergency, the appointed emergency coordinator for the NCOA must ascertain if the access routes are accessible for emergency personnel or to allow vehicles from Noetzie a point of exit.
In the event that emergency access along the river road is required, the NCOA coordinator must be contacted.
NCOA 044 384 2913 Emergency Response: 10177 Evacuation procedures are provided in order to coordinate the safe removal of people from Noetzie during emergency events.
7.14.1 Tsunami / Extreme Waves / Flooding The procedures for events that may include tsunamis, excessive or extreme waves and tides or flooding of the river are as follows:
- Alert the designated coordinator from the NCOA, if necessary; - Alert the Emergency Services, unless assured otherwise by the NCOA coordinator; - Do not attempt to take more than you can carry with you, most importantly include documents such as ID book, passport, wallet etc; - Pick up the emergency food and water kit; - Move up to the high ground and gather in the parking area; - Provide your details to the coordinator in order to ensure that everyone is accounted for; - Keep calm and do not panic.
It is recommended an emergency food and water kit be permanently on standby and should include sufficient provisions for at least a 24hr period. It should include items such as biscuits, chocolates, energy bars, water/energade/rehydration fluids; a space blanket and basic first aid kit. The kit should contain sufficient provision for the number of people in the house. Keep it small and light. Please ensure that visitors can easily locate the emergency kit if needed.
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7.14.2 Fire The procedures for fire events are as follows:
- Alert the designated coordinator from the NCOA, if necessary; - Alert the Emergency Services, unless assured otherwise by the NCOA coordinator; - Do not attempt to take more than you can carry with you, most importantly include documents such as ID book, passport, wallet etc; - Pick up the emergency food and water kit; - Move to the beach areas; - Provide your details to the coordinator in order to ensure that everyone is accounted for; - Keep calm and do not panic; - Do not move up to the parking area until authorised by the Emergency Services personnel.
Fires are most likely to occur in fire driven ecosystem such as the fynbos system. These are located on the higher ground. Fire tends to move up hill at a faster speed than downhill. Do not attempt to outrun a fire up a hill. The forests around Noetzie will only burn under extremely dry circumstances, but once burning will burn slowly and at high temperatures. The safest position will be on the beaches.
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7.15 EMERGENCY AND IMPORTANT CONTACT DETAILS
The following Emergency numbers should be kept in a convenient location for easy access. Please note that cell phone reception is very limited within the conservancy.
Emergency Response: 10177 Control Room: 044 803 1347 Police 10111 Knysna SAPS 044 302 6600 National Disaster Management (Cell phone) 112 Knysna Municipality 044 302 6300 Electricity 0860 103 089 Water: (24 hours) 0860 103 054 Sea Rescue 044 384 0211 021 449 3500 Mountain Rescue 021 948 9900 Child Emergency 0800 123 321 Disaster Management 021 937 0800 Citizens Advice Bureau 021 422 0300 NCOA 044 384 2913 SANParks, Knysna 044 382 2095 Marine & Coastal Management 044 382 1938 The expanded list is available in a table form in Appendix 9. 7.16 MONITORING
Monitoring is an important tool in determining the effectiveness of management actions by measuring changes in the environment. These could be in the form of fixed point photography where an area is photographed on a seasonal basis to ascertain changes, monitoring of a particular aspect such as water quality parameters, recordings of animal movement from fixed point etc. The most important aspect of any monitoring programme is consistency and continuity. This will determine a level of scientific accuracy that can used to measure changes.
The NCOA has undertaken several monitoring programmes. These started initially as “nice to know” exercises, but should be embraced by all residents in order to keep providing valuable scientific data. The current programmes include:
- Motion activated photography. The results of the eight (8) cameras already in place have identified a leopard, several antelope species and various other small mammals.
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- Water sampling of the Noetzie River. Tracking the state of the river will determine effectiveness of septic tanks and soak aways associated with river erven, as well as provide an indication of the effects of upstream use. - BIRP. Provides information to the Avian Demography Unit for the mapping of species and movement of birds.
The data obtained is provided to CapeNature as part of the Conservancy Programme, as well as to SANParks.
8 DECOMMISSIONING PHASE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS
It is not likely that decommissioning of a residential and tourism development such as Noetzie will take place in the near future. The possibility does exist that individual owners may decide to demolish existing facilities to make way for new ones. In this event or if the entire area requires decommissioning for some reason, all relevant legislation and policies must be complied with for the given period.
In general, should the facility be decommissioned, the following should be undertaken:
- Only identified buildings should be removed within a demarcated area to prevent unnecessary damage to the surrounding vegetation; - Materials that can be recycled should be correctly sorted and stacked for removal to appropriate waste stream sites; - The footprint area of the facility must be rehabilitated;
9 NON-COMPLIANCE
Any person is liable on conviction of an offence in terms of sub regulation (1) of the National Environmental Management Act to imprisonment for a period not exceeding two years or to a fine not exceeding an amount prescribed in terms of the Adjustment of Fines Act, 1991 (Act No. 101 of 1991). Since NEMA is applicable to all persons residing in the Republic, it is important that everyone is aware of their responsibilities to the environment. 9.1 PROCEDURES FOR CONSTRUCTION PHASE OFFENSES
The contractor shall comply with the environmental specifications and requirements of this EMPr, any additional EMPR, any EA issued and Section 28 of NEMA, on an on-going basis and any failure on his part to do so will entitle the ECO or NCOA to impose a penalty.
In the event of non-compliance the following recommended process shall be followed:
- The ECO / NCOA shall issue a Notice of Non-compliance to the Contractor, stating the nature and magnitude of the contravention. A copy shall be provided to the Project Proponent;
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- The Contractor shall act to correct the transgression within the period specified in by the ECO / NCOA; - The Contractor shall provide the ECO / NCOA with a written statement describing the actions to be taken to discontinue the non-conformance, the actions taken to mitigate its effects and the expected results of the actions. A copy shall be provided to the Project Proponent; - In the case of the Contractor failing to remedy the situation within the predetermined time frame, the ECO / NCOA shall notify the relevant authorities of the transgression and recommend halting the activity; - In the case of non-compliance giving rise to physical environmental damage or destruction, the ECO / NCOA shall be entitled to undertake or to cause to be undertaken such remedial works as may be required to make good such damage at the cost of the Contractor; - In the event of a dispute, difference of opinion, etc. between any parties in regard to or arising out of interpretation of the conditions of the EMPr, disagreement regarding the implementation or method of implementation of conditions of the EMPr, etc. any party shall be entitled to require that the issue be referred to specialists and / or the competent authority for determination; - The ECO / NCOA shall at all times have the right to stop work and/or certain activities on site in the case of non-compliance or failure to implement remediation measures. 9.2 PROCEDURES FOR OPERATIONAL PHASE OFFENSES
It is the hope of the NCOA that all land owners will agree to comply with this EMPr in order to ensure the sustainability of Noetzie. Written agreement to abide with the conditions of the EMPr should be provided to the NCOA.
In the event that an offense in terms of the EMPr is identified the recommended process should be followed:
- The NCOA shall issue a Notice of Non-compliance to the land owner, stating the nature and magnitude of the contravention; - The land owner shall act to correct the transgression within the period specified in by the NCOA; - The land owner shall provide the NCOA with a written statement describing the actions to be taken to discontinue the non-conformance, the actions taken to mitigate its effects and the expected results of the actions; - In the case of the Contractor failing to remedy the situation within the predetermined time frame, the NCOA shall notify the relevant authorities, depending on the nature of the transgression and recommend halting the activity or initiate a Committee investigation into the failure to comply;
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- In the case of non-compliance giving rise to physical environmental damage or destruction, the NCOA shall notify the relevant authorities; - In the event of a dispute, difference of opinion, etc. between any parties in regard to or arising out of interpretation of the conditions of the EMPr, disagreement regarding the implementation or method of implementation of conditions of the EMPr, etc. any party shall be entitled to require that the issue be referred to the NCOA committee and any specialists.
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10 REFERENCES
Aquanotion, 2008. www.twoflush.com/conservbody.htm. Aquanotion Ltd, Alberta, Canada. Eartheasy, 2008. www.eartheasy.com - Solutions for Sustainable Living. eHow Home, 2011. www.eHow.com - How to Safely Dispose of Energy Efficient Light Bulbs.
Harrison, J, November 2008. Portion 51 of Farm 485, Stilbaai: Impact Assessment of Proposed Development: Vertebrate Fauna. First Draft Report. JAH Environmental Consultancy, Plumstead, Cape Town.
Henderson, L 2001. Alien Weeds and Invasive Plants. Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Council, Department of Agriculture, South Africa.
Lochner, P. 2005. Guideline for Environmental Management Plans. CSIR Report No ENV-S- C 2005-053H, Republic of South Africa, Provincial Government of the Western Cape, Department of Environmental Affairs and Development Planning, Cape Town.
McDonald, D.J. 2009. Botanical Assessment of the Proposed Access to Portions 39/18, 19, 86, 85 & 22 Erf 394, Noetzie, Western Cape. Bergwind Surveys, Cape Town. Noetzie Conservancy. 2011. www.noetzie.co.za. PracticalEnvironmentalist, 2008. www.practicalenvironmentalist.com. Swimming Pools and the Environment – Is your pool eco-friendly. Working for Water. 2011. www.environment.gov.za/workingforwater Invasive Alien Plants
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APPENDIX 1
NCOA COMMITTEE MEMBERS
Cape EAPrac Environmental Management Programme
2010 Noetzie Conservancy Owners Association Committee Members
Name Designation Contact No. Email Nick Taylor Chairman 0824918821 [email protected] Catherine Shimmin Secretary [email protected] Lauren Shimmin Treasurer [email protected] Santi den Boestert Municipal liaison 0835331838 [email protected] Wendy Dewberry Newsletter and [email protected] Environment Eion Brown 0217128683 [email protected] Julie Gosling [email protected]
www.noetzie.co.za Noetzie Conservancy Owners Association KNY123/01
APPENDIX 2
ENVIRONMENTAL SITE MANAGEMENT
Cape EAPrac Environmental Management Programme Cape EAPrac KNY123/01
Plate A: Showing a cross section of a Galvanised Wire typical method of demarcation of no-go areas. Wooden Dropper
500mm Where demarcation is required on a down Danger Tape slope, it can be more cost effective to include the required silt protection 1000mm Galvanised Wire mechanisms on the same support structure as the demarcation. This is detailed in Plate B below and must be read in conjunction with the details on Ground Level erosion control included in the previous diagram.
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR Galvanised Wire DEMARCATION OF NO GO AREAS Wooden Dropper ?The demarcation must include all areas that are Danger Tape going to be disturbed in the total construction (including
all service lines) 500mm
?The no -go areas may not be accessed by any Galvanised Wire person (including lunch, tea breaks etc.). Without the explicit written permission from te ECO. Silt fence installed 1000mm as per specifications ?Maximum fines will be issued for any non
500mm Mulch Bags compliance with regards to the no go policy.
Ground Level
Figure 1: Demarcation of no - go areas Cape Environmental Assessment Practitioners (Pty) Ltd
Demarcation of no-go Areas Construction EMP Cape EAPrac KNY123/01 The purpose of a silt fence is to create a temporary barrier to maintain sediment on a Frontal View construction site in order to prevent soil erosion and pollution through sediment and nutrient 700mm loading. Silt fences are designed to detain sediment from the disturbed construction area and also prevent sheet erosion by decreasing the velocity of the run off. Mulch bags to Technical Specifications overlap so that ?Silt fence fabric to consist out of 50% shade cloth or a geotextile such as biddim (if no gaps are biddum is used, it is not necessary to place mulch bags). present where ?Wooden droppers are suitable for the stakes. If the construction program takes place 600mm silt can pass over an extended time frame it may be necessary to use treated droppers or metal stakes. ?The support stakes should not be placed further than 700mm apart on the down slope side of the fabric. Direction of ?The fabric should be secured to the stakes using galvanised wire ties not further than water flow 200mm apart. ?The fabric anchorage trench should be at least 300mm deep. Planning, Placing and Maintenance ?The silt fence is to be installed on all disturbed slopes where sheet erosion may take place. ?This type of silt fence is not suitable for areas where water is concentrated. i.e. gulleys and storm-water outlets. Cross-section View ?The silt fences should be along the contour lines ?The rows of silt fences should be bowed to prevent erosion and loss of silt on the ends of the fence line. Wooden or ?Silt fences should be inspected weekly and before every forecast rainfall event. Any damage must be repaired metal stake immediately. Galvanised 200mm ?Silt deposits should be cleared after each rainfall event. CLEARED SILT MUST NOT BE PLACED DOWN SLOPE wire tie-on’s OF THE FENCE.
Silt fence fabric 600mm Top View Mulch filled onion bag Direction of Bottom of slope A straw bale should be pegged at the runoff / flow Top of slope end of each section of silt fence as an emergency overflow Natural / Undisturbed If the height of the slope is more Vegetation.
Fabric anchorage 300mm than 5m, additional silt fences will need trench to be to be placed on the actual slope. backfilled and compacted Silt fence to be placed 1.5 - 2m away from bottom (toe) of slope 300mm Last 2m of each section of silt fence to turn uphill to avoid overflow of ponded sediment
Figure 2: Specifications for Silt Fences Cape Environmental Assessment Practitioners (Pty) Ltd
General Silt Fence Specifications Construction EMP Cape EAPrac KNY123/01
Inlet Protection Outlet Protection Drop Inlets Kerb Inlets
Fist layer of stone filled perforated Direction bags. to be filled with 30mm crusher of water stone
Direction of water flow flow Second layer of stone filled perforated bags, to be filled with 15mm crusher stone Fist layer of stone If area surrounding inlet is not yet filled perforated Second layer of stone hard surfaced, stone bags should be bags. to be filled filled perforated bags, pegged to avoid shifting during heavy with 30mm crusher to be filled with 15mm crusher rain events. stone stone - Should the inlet be positioned at a low point with water entering from a number of sides, a double Stormwater outlet point (prior) row of stone bags (as detailed above) should be placed at each side where water enters. to completion of final outlet structure - In low flow, high sediment areas, consideration should be given to cover the inlet structures with Day-lighting of stormwater outlet biddum (this will only work in low flow areas.) 150mm - 200mm rock loosely packed (90% single layer) cover within sandbag enclosed area - The methodology referred to above is effective as a temporary measure to be used during Sand Bags to be pegged with wooden or metal construction and is in no way intended to replace the permanent measures that must be stakes to prevent movement installed. These permanent measures must be constructed as per the engineers Heavy duty (40kg) sand bags packed to enclose rock specifications. - Stormwater systems should ideally be constructed during low rainfall periods in order to allow for permanent protection measures to be put in place before the rainy season. - Consideration should be given to encase the outlet structure with a geo-fabric such as biddum. This should first be clarified with the site engineer to ensure compatibility with the stormwater system.
Figure 3: Specifications for Temporary Stormwater Cape Environmental Assessment Management During Construction Practitioners (Pty) Ltd
Temporary Stormwater Management - Specifications Construction EMP Cape EAPrac KNY123/01 Key Environmental Considerations for Haul Roads The most important environmental factor to be considered regarding access and haul roads, is the location thereof. Haul roads should be designed to make use of future permanent internal roads and access points.
The haul roads should never be construction in areas that will not be permanently transformed with the development. Nor should they be constructed in any sensitive area.
Another safety and environmental hazard caused by haul road surface is dust problems. Roads should be designed with enough fines to act as binders for the larger particles. However, an excess of fines will result in these particles being released to the atmosphere when repeated stress is applied by the equipment tires. All haul roads that do not have a “sealed” surface, will create dust. The dust problem is mainly dealt with by application of water. Minimisation of Dust on Haul Roads - Every effort to minimize dust pollution on the site must be undertaken.
Temporary gravel access and haul roads - Construction vehicles must adhere to speed used during construction. The future limits and minimization of haul roads must be permanent access and internal roads implemented. During dry, dusty periods haul should be used as temporary access and roads should be kept dampened to prevent haul roads until they are hard surfaced. excess dust. Perimeter fence - No potable water may be used for damping haul roads. A 20m strip of 100mm rock should be packed from the existing municipal road towards the - As an alternative, products such as road construction site. This will minimise the amount environment dust suppressants (Reds) would be of mud and dust deposited on the municipal recommended in order to minimize the use of road. water for controlling dust pollution. This is to be determined by the ECO during construction as Existing municipal road. required.
Figure 4: Management of Haul and Access Control Cape Environmental Assessment During Construction Practitioners (Pty) Ltd
Management of Haul and Access Roads during construction Construction EMP Noetzie Conservancy Owners Association KNY123/01
APPENDIX 3
ENVIRONMENTAL LANDSCAPING
Cape EAPrac Environmental Management Programme Vegetation Types Cape Estuarine Salt Marshes Knysna Sand Fynbos South Outeniqua Sandstone Fynbos Southern Afrotemperate Forest
Vegetation Types 062.5 125 250 375 500 Noetzie Conservancy Meters Map Scale is 1 : 6 000 when printed on A4. Ref: KNY123 ® Date: September 2011 PLEASE NOTE THAT THIS LIST PROVIDES FOR INDIGENOUS SPECIES AVAILABLE FROM YOUR LOCAL NURSERY AND SHOULD BE USED AS A GUIDELINE ONLY Suggested Plant Species for Best Practice Landscaping ALBERTINIA SAND FYNBOS Graminoids: Succulent herbs: Woody climber: Graminoids: SOUTHERN AFROTEMPERATE FOREST STATUS: VULNERABLE Ficinia nodosa Crassula orbicularis Asparagus aethiopicus Cynodon dactylon STATUS: LEAST THREATENED Tall Shrubs: Juncus kraussii krausii Graminoids: Cissampelos capensis Eragrostis capensis Scree and deep gorge: Cassine peragua peragua Stenotaphrum secundatum Ischyrolepis sieberi Rhoicissus digitata Ficinia bulbosa Cunonia capensis Leucadendron eucalyptifolium Megagraminoids: Woody succulent climber: Thamnochortus cinereus Metrosideros angustifolia Leucadendron galpinii Phragmites australis GROOT BRAK DUNE STRANDVELD Sarcostemma viminale Podocarpus elongatus Leucospermum praecox Typha capensis STATUS: ENDANGERED Semi-parasitic shrubs: MOSSEL BAY SHALE RENOSTERVELD Tall trees: Nylandtia spinosa Herbs: Small trees: Osyris compressa STATUS: ENDANGERED Afrocarpus falcatus Protea repens Berula erecta thunbergii Chionanthus foveolatus Soft shrub: Thicket clumps dominated by: Brabejum stellatifolium Protea susannae Falkia repens Clausena anisata Hypoestes aristata Euclea undulata Cunonia capensis Psoralea pinnata Geophytic herbs: Tall shrubs: Herbs: Putterlickia pyracantha Curtisia dentata Low shrubs: Zantedeschia aethiopica Azima tetracantha Commelina africana Rhus lucida Ilex mitis Aulax umbellata Cussonia thyrsiflora Geophytic herbs: Succulent trees: Nuxia floribunda Chironia baccifera GARDEN ROUTE GRANITE FYNBOS Diospyros dichrophylla Brunsvigia orientalis Aloe ferox Ochna arborea arborea Chrysocoma ciliata STATUS: ENDANGERED Euclea racemosa Chasmanthe aethiopica Aloe speciosa Olea capensis macrocarpa Diospyros dichrophylla Tall shrubs: Grewia occidentalis Freesia alba Tall shrubs: Olinia ventosa Erica baueri baueri Protea coronata Gymnosporia buxiflora Succulent herbs: Diospyros dichrophylla Podocarpus elongatus Erica discolor Protea lanceolata Maytenus procumbens Crassula expansa expansa Rhus glauca Podocarpus latifolius Erica sessiliflora Protea neriifolia Metalasia muricata Senecio radicans Low shrubs: Pterocelastrus tricuspidata Erica versicolor Low shrubs: Morella cordifolia Herbaceous climber: Carissa bispinosa bispinosa Rapanea melanophloeos Leucadendron meridianum Agathosma ovata Myrsine africana Cynanchum obtusifolium Elytropappus rhinocerotis Small trees: Passerina rigida Erica discolor var. speciosa Mystroxylon aethiopicum Kedrostis nana Eriocephalus africanus var. africanus Allophylus decipiens Syncarpha paniculata Erica formosa Olea exasperata Herbaceous succulent climber: Salvia muirii Brachylaena nerifolia Geophytic herbs: Eriocephalus africanus Pterocelastrus tricuspidatus Pelargonium peltatum Succulent shrubs: Canthium inerme Bobartia robusta Leucadendron salignum Putterlickia pyracantha Graminoids: Aloe arborescens Cassine peragua Bulbine frutescens Mimetes cucullatus Rhus crenata Cynodon dactylon Crassula perforata Diospyros whyteana Pteridium aquilinum Pelargonium fruticosum Rhus glauca Ficinia indica Succelent herbs: Gonioma kamassi Graminoids: Syncarpha paniculata Rhus longispina Carpobrotus acinaciformis Lachnostylis hirta Cynodon dactylon Semi-parasitic shrubs: Rhus lucida KNYSNA SAND FYNBOS Senecio crassulaefolius Metrosideros augustifolia Elegia stipularis Osyris compressa Schotia afra var. afra STATUS: ENDANGERED Virgilia divaricata Thamnochortus insignis Graminoids: Sideroxylon inerme Small tree: NORTH OUTENIQUA SANDSTONE FYNBOS Virgilia oroboides feruginea Ficinia nigrescens Tarchonanthus littoralis Widdringtonia nodiflora STATUS: LEAST THREATENED Virgilia oroboides oroboides CANCA LIMESTONE FYNBOS Low shrubs: Tall shrubs: Small trees: Tall shrubs: STATUS: LEAST THREATENED GARDEN ROUTE SHALE FYNBOS Ballota africana Leucadendron eucalyptifolium Protea nitida Burchellia bubalina Tall shrubs: STATUS: ENDANGERED Carissa bispinosa Metalasia densa Tall shrubs: Sparrmannia africana Chrysanthemoides monilifera Tall shrubs: Chironia baccifera Low shrubs: Chrysanthemoides monilifera Geophytic herbs: Protea lanceolata Leucadendron eucalyptifolium Clutia daphnoides Anthospermum aethiopicum Leucadendron eucalyptifolium Blechnum capense Protea obtusifolia Metalasia densa Eriocephalus africanus var. africanus Berzelia intermedia Protea nerifolia Blechnum tabulare Low shrubs: Protea aurea aurea Helichrysum teretifolium Erica glandulosa fourcadei Low shrubs: Clivia mirabilis Acmadenia obtusata Protea coronata Lauridia tetragona Erica sessiliflora Leucadendron salignum Dietes iridioides Diospyros dichrophylla Protea neriifolia Phylica axillaris Leucadendron salignum Phylica axillaris Rumohra adiantiformis Lobostemon belliformis Rhus lucida Polygala myrtifolia Lobelia coronopifolia Felicia filifolia filifolia Tudea barbara Phylica pubescens var. Orientalis Low shrubs: Succulent shrubs: Morella quercifolia Metalasia pulcherrima f. pallescens Woody climber: Succulent shrubs: Anthospermum aethiopicum Aloe arborescens Muraltia squarrosa Graminoids: Asparagus scandens Delosperma virens Elytropappus rhinocerotis Cotyledon orbiculata var. dactylopsis Oedera imbricata Rhodocoma fruticosa Graminoids: Graminoids: Helichrysum cymosum Crassula perforata Protea cynaroides Ischyrolepis subverticillata Ficinia truncata Leucadendron salignum Euphorbia burmannii Stoebe plumosa Megaherbs: Pelargonium cordifolium Euphorbia mauritanica Tephrosia capensis Strelitzia alba CAPE LOWLAND FRESHWATER WETLANDSPhylica axillaris Tetragonia fruticosa Herbs: STATUS: LEAST THREATENED Selago corymbosa Zygophyllum morgsana Geranium incanum Low shrubs: Geophytic herbs: Senecio halimifolius Pteridium aqulinum Plecostachys serpyllifolia SOUTHERN CAPE DUNE FYNBOS Leucospermum cuneiforme STATUS: LEAST THREATENED Berzelia intermedia Thicket clumps: Brunia nodiflora This list is by no means comprehensive, there are many other species that occur Pterocelastrus tricuspidatus Acmadenia tetragona in these areas that can be used for rehabilitation and landscaping. Rhus lucida Anisodontea scabrosa Site specific identification of plant species is advisable to inform final planting lists. Sideroxylon inerme Erica discolor Tarchonanthus littoralis Erica formosa Tall shrubs: Erica gracilis Olea exasperata Erica sparsa Rhus crenata Erica versicolor Rhus glauca Mimetes cucullatus Rhus laevigata Protea cynaroides Rhus lucida Senecio glastifolius Low shrubs: Struthiola eckloniana Agathosma apiculata Syncarpha paniculata Agathosma ovata Geophytic herbs: Anthospermum aethiopicum Pteriduim aquilinum Chironia baccifera Watsonia fourcadei Felica echinata Graminoids: Helichrysum teretifolium Ficinia gracilis Leucadendron salignum Metalasia muricata Morella quercifolia Otholobium bracteolatum Passerina rigida Pelargonium betulinum Phylica ericoides Struthiola parviflora Geophytic herbs: Cyrtanthus loddigesianus Cyrtanthus obliquus Graminoids: Ficinia dunensis Thamnochortus cinereus
SOUTH OUTENIQUA SANDSTONE FYNBOS STATUS: VULNERABLE Small trees: Widdringtonia nodiflora Tall shrubs: Chrysanthemoides monilifera Leucadendron conicum Leucadendron eucalyptifolium Leucadendron uliginosum uliginosum Metalasia densa Protea neriifolia Protea repens Dodonaea viscosa var. augustifolia Podalyria sericea Pterocelastrus tricuspidata Low shrubs: Leucadendron comosum comosum Leucadendron salignum Leucadendron spissifolium fragrans Noetzie Conservancy Owners Association KNY123/01
APPENDIX 4
ALIEN INVADERS LIST AND
CATEGORIES
WFW CONTROL METHODS
Cape EAPrac Environmental Management Programme Working for Water Nurseries Partnership Programme
Regulations - Listed Plant Species Categories 1a, 1b, 2 and 3
On 03 April 2009, the Minister of Environmental Affairs and Tourism, Mr Marthinus van Schalkwyk, published the 2nd draft of Alien and Invasive Species Regulations under section 97 and 98 of the National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act, 2004 (Act No.10 of 2004) as well as draft lists of categories of species exempted in terms of section 66, prohibited alien species under section 67 and invasive species under section 70 for public comment in Gazette No. 32090.
Below is the proposed list of invasive plant species (as listed under section 70). It is important to note that any species designated under this list may not be propagated, grown or traded in. This means that no species on this list may be sold by the industry.
The green industries have 30 days to formally put forward any comments related to this legislation to the Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism.
Comments Should you have any comments that you would like to make regarding this legislation, please email them to Kay Montgomery @ [email protected] by NOON on 28 April, 2009. 108 No. 32090 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 3 APRIL 2009 STAATSKOERANT, 3 APRIL 2009 No. 32090 109 110 No. 32090 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 3 APRIL 2009 STAATSKOERANT, 3 APRIL 2009 No. 32090 111 112 No. 32090 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 3 APRIL 2009 STAATSKOERANT, 3 APRIL 2009 No. 32090 113 114 No. 32090 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 3 APRIL 2009 STAATSKOERANT, 3 APRIL 2009 No. 32090 115 116 No. 32090 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 3 APRIL 2009 STAATSKOERANT, 3 APRIL 2009 No. 32090 117 118 No. 32090 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 3 APRIL 2009 STAATSKOERANT, 3 APRIL 2009 No. 32090 119 120 No. 32090 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 3 APRIL 2009 STAATSKOERANT, 3 APRIL 2009 No. 32090 121 122 No. 32090 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 3 APRIL 2009 STAATSKOERANT, 3 APRIL 2009 No. 32090 123 124 No. 32090 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 3 APRIL 2009 STAATSKOERANT, 3 APRIL 2009 No. 32090 125 126 No. 32090 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 3 APRIL 2009 STAATSKOERANT, 3 APRIL 2009 No. 32090 127 ESTIMATED VOLUMES OF PRODUCT PER HECTARE ARE FOR A
DENSE / CLOSED STAND OF THE SPECIFIC SPECIES. FOR LOWER
INFESTATIONS VOLUMES SHOULD BE REDUCED ACCORDINGLY.
MEDIUM = 75% OF DENSE/ CLOSED
SPARSE = 50% OF DENSE / CLOSED
SCATTERED = 25% OF DENSE / CLOSED
VERY SCATTERED = 10 % OF DENSE / CLOSED
OCCASIONAL = 1 % OF DENSE / CLOSED
• FOR WATER BASED APPLICATIONS, ACTIPRON SUPER WETTER SHOULD BE ADDED WHERE RECOMMENDED ON THE LABEL. RATE PER HECTARE FOR DENSE / CLOSED STAND – 1.75 l / ha
• FOR ALL WATER BASED TREATMENTS A SUITABLE DYE SHOULD BE ADDED WHEN NECESSARY TO ENSURE THAT ALL TARGET PLANTS ARE TREATED. RATE PER HECTARE FOR DENSE / CLOSED STAND - 350ml / ha
• FOR DIESEL BASED APPLICATIONS, SUDAN RED DYE SHOULD BE ADDED. RATE PER HECTARE FOR DENSE / CLOSED STAND 300 ml / ha. ANNEXURE A.
GUIDE TO CONTROL METHOD AND HERBICIDE SELECTION FOR ALIEN VEGETATION.
AMERICAN BRAMBLE (RUBUS CUNEIFOLUS.)
ESTIMATED TARGET PLANTS METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS PRODUCT / HECTARE
ALL PLANTS FOLIAR SPRAYS MAMBA 300ml /10 l WATER SEE NOTE 6 l / ha (GLYPHOSATE 360g/l) (6l / Ha)
TOUCH DOWN GLYPHOSATE 6l / ha SEE NOTE 6 l / ha TRIMESIUM 480g/l)
MATURE SLASH AND SPRAY PLANTS REGROWTH GARLON 4/ VIROAXE (TRICLOPYR ESTER 50ml / 10l WATER SEE NOTE 1.5 l / ha 480gm / l)
NOTE: SPRAY ON ACTIVELY GROWING PLANTS. SLASH OLD GROWTH IN WINTER, AND SPRAY SPRING GROWTH WHEN ABOVE O.5 m TALL.
INKBERRY (CESTRUM LAEVIGATUM.)
ESTIMATED TARGET TREES METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS PRODUCT / HECTARE
SEEDLINGS HAND PULL
SINGLE BASAL GARLON 4 100ml / 10 l 2 l / ha STEMMED STEM VIROAXE DIESEL (TRICLOPYR LARGE TREES 480g/l)
ALL CUT STUMP TIMBREL 3 A * 300ml / 10 l 2 l / ha ( TRICLOPYR AMINE WATER SALT 360 g /l)
CHOPPER 200ml / 10 l 1.5 l / ha (IMAZAPYR WATER 100g / l)
• CONSULT THE WFW TECHNICAL ADVISOR.
AUSTRALIAN MYRTLE (LEPTOSPERMUM LAEVIGATUM.)
TARGET PLANTS METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS
BIG TREES CUT DOWN CUT DOWN AT GROUND LEVEL DO NOT APPLY HERBICIDE
BARBADOS GOOSEBERRY (PERESKIA ACULEATA.)
ESTIMATED TARGET PLANTS METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS PRODUCT / HECTARE. ______
VINES CUT DOWN TO GARLON 4 50ml/10 l BURN REMAINING 1.5 l VIROAXE 2m AND SPRAY (TRICLOPYR ESTER 480g/l) WATER PLANT MATERIAL.
FOLLOW UP SPRAYS MAY BE NECESSARY.
______
BEEFWOOD (CASUARINA EQUISETIFOLIA)
ESTIMATED TARGET PLANTS METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENT PRODUCT / HECTARE
ALL TREES FRILL CHOPPER 1000ml / 10 l IMAZAPYR WATER 5L/Ha 100g / l)
BLACK WATTLE (ACACIA MEARNSII)
TARGET TREES METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS ESTMATED PRODUCT/ HECTARE
HAND PULL OR HOE OPEN STANDS
FOLIAR SPRAY MAMBA 150ml/ 10L WATER AVOID WATER COURSE 3 l UP TO 1 m TALL (GLYPHOSATE 360g/l) CONTAMINATION
SEEDLINGS AND SAPLINGS FOLIAR SPRAY TOUCHDOWN 3l/ ha 3 l UP TO 2m TALL (GLYPHOSATE TRIMESIUM 480g/l) FOLIAR SPRAY GARLON 4 / VIROAXE 25 – 75ml/ 10L LOW RATE ON 0.5 – 1.5 l UP TO 1.5m TALL (TRICLOPYR ESTER WATER SEEDLINGS 480g/l) SEE NOTE BELOW
YOUNG TREES FOLIAR SPRAY GARLON 4 / VIROAXE 75ml/ 10L 3 l (TRICLOPYR ESTER WATER 480g/l) TIMBREL 3 A * 3l / 100l 1.5 l / ha CUT STUMP (TRICL0PHYR AMINE WATER BIG TREES SALT 360g / l) FRILL TIMBREL 3 A * 300ml / 10L 1.5 l / ha (TRICLOPHYR AMINE WATER SALT 360g / l)
INACESSABLE STEM ECO – PLUG ∗ INACESSABLE OR TREES TREATMENT DANGEROUS AREAS
* CONSULT THE WFW NOTE: USE GARLON 4 / VIROAXE IF TECHNICAL ADVISOR. GRASS SPECIES ARE PRESENT. 1.
BLUEGUMS (EUCALYPTUS SPP.)
TARGET PLANTS METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS ESTIMATED PRODUCT/ HECTARE
SEEDLINGS HAND PULL
BRUSH OFF * 200g / ha APPLY TO COPPICE 200 g / ha (METSULPHFURON 1.5 – 1.8 m TALL 3 l / ha COPPICE FOLIAR SPRAY METHYL 500g / kg) + PLUS MAMBA * 3 l / ha (GLYPHOSATE 360 g /l) .
.
CUT STUMP CHOPPER 1250 ml / 10 l IF SPECIES KNOWN 6 l / ha (IMAZAPYR 100 g/l) WATER CHECK RATE ON LABEL FELLED TREES FRILL CHOPPER 1250ml / 10 l IF SPECIES KNOWN 6 l / ha (IMAZAPYR 100g/l) WATER CHECK RATE ON LABAEL
* CONSULT THE SPOT SPRAY COPPICE: 16 LITRES WATER WFW TECHNICAL 16 GMS BRUSH OFF ADVISOR. 1% MAMBA 0.5% ACTIPRON
______
BRAZILIAN PEPPER TREE (SCHINUS TEREBRINTHIFOLIUS.)
ESTIMATED TARGET TREES METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS PRODUCT / HECTARE
ALL TREES BASAL STEM GARLON 4 /VIROAXE 200ml / 10L WET UP TO 0.5m 1.5 l / ha (TRICLOPYR ESTER DIESEL STEM AND ROOTS 480g/l)
BUGWEED (SOLANUM MAURITIANUM.) 1.
ESTIMATED TARGET PLANTS METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS PRODUCT / HECTARE
HAND PULL
STARANE 200 12.5ml / 10L UP TO 1m TALL 0.5 l / ha (FLUROXYPYR 200g/l) WATER SEEDLINGS & SAPLINGS MAMBA 50ml / 10L 2 l / ha (GLYPHOSATE 360g/l ) WATER
FOLIAR SPRAY
TOUCH DOWN 2l / ha SPRAY WHEN 2 l / ha (GLYPHOSATE 500mm TALL TRIMESIUM 480g/l)
GARLON 4 / VIROAXE 50ml / 10L 1.5 / ha (TRICLOPYR ESTER WATER 480g/l)
BUGWEED 2.
TARGET PLANTS METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS ESTIMATED PRODUCT / HECTARE
STARANE 200 12.5ml / 10L WATER SPRAY WHEN 0.5 l / ha (FLUROXYPYR 200g/l ) 500mm TALL
CUT DOWN & MAMBA 150ml / 10L WATER 3 l / ha SPRAY COPPICE (GLYPHOSATE 360g/l)
TOUCH DOWN (GLYPHOSATE 2l /ha SPRAY WHEN 2 l / ha TRIMESIUM 480g/l) 500mm TALL
BIG TREES
CHOPPER CUT SURFACE 1 l / ha (IMAZAPYR 100g/l) 200ml/10l WATER ONLY CUT STUMP
TIMBREL 3 A (TRICLOPYR AMINE 300ml / 10L WATER CUT SURFACE 2.25 l / ha SALT 360g/l) ONLY
TIMBREL 3 A * 300ml / 10L WATER 1.5 l / ha FRILL (TRICLOPYR AMINE SALT 360 g/l) CHOPPER (IMAZAPYR 100g/l) 200ml / 10 l WATER 1 l / ha
* CONSULT THE WFW TECHNICAL ADVISOR.
1.
C A C T I
ESTIMATE SPECIES TARGET METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS PRODUCT/ PLANTS HECTARE
MSMA 1 l / 20 l 10 l / ha (MSMA 720gll) WATER SPRAY HARRISIA CACTUS STANDING APPLICATION GARLON 4 / VIROAXE 100ml / 10L TREES UP TO 2 l / ha (HARRISIA PLANTS (TRICLOPYR ESTER WATER 1.5 m TALL MARTINI.) 480g/l)
STEM MSMA 1 l / 2 l 2 l / ha INJECTION (MSMA 720g/l) WATER
JOINTED CACTUS PLANTS SPRAY MSMA 1 l / 2 l 5 l / ha (OPUNTIA AND LOOSE APPLICATION (MSMA 720g/l) WATER AURANTIACA.) CLADODES
2.
C A C T I
ESTIMATED SPECIES TARGET METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS PRODUCT / PLANTS HECTARE ______
IMBRICATE CACTUS (OPUNTIA WHOLE MSMA 1 l / 22 l 10 l / ha IMBRICATA.) PLANT (MSMA 720g/l) WATER
STANDING SPRAY PLANTS APPLICATION
CUT MSMA 1 l /22 l CUT PLANTS DOWN 2 l / ha ROSEA CACTUS STUMP (MSMA 720g/l) WATER TO 100 – 150 mm. (OPUNTIA ROSEA.) AND SPRAY CUT STUMP
3. ______
C A C T I
ESTIMATED PRODUCT / SPECIES TARGET PLANTS METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS HECTARE.
MSMA 1l / 1l 2 ml DOSES 12 l / ha (MSMA 720g/l) WATER
PRICKLEY STANDING STEM PEAR PLANTS INJECTION MAMBA 1l/2l 2 ml DOSES 16 l / ha (OPUNTIA (GLYPHOSATE WATER FICUS-INDICA) 360g/l)
TOUCHDOWN 330ml / 10L 2 ml DOSES 8 l / ha (GLYPHOSATE WATER TRIMESIUM 480g/l)
NOTE: INJECT INTO 4 – 12 PREMADE HOLES PER PLANT
4. ______
C A C T I.
ESTIMATED SPECIES TARGET METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS PRODUCT / PLANTS HECTARE
SOUR LARGE PLANTS STEM MSMA 1l /1l 2 ml DOSES 8 l / ha PRICKLEY INJECTION (MSMA 720g/l) WATER SEE NOTE BELOW PEAR (OPUNTIA STRICTA) SMALL PLANTS SPRAY MSMA 1l / 30l 10 l / ha APPLICATION (MSMA 720g/l) WATER
NOTE: APPLY DOSES INTO 1 – 8 PRE-MADE HOLES IN PLANTS.
______
CAMEL THORN BUSH (ALHAGI CAMELORUM)
TARGET PLANTS METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENT ESTIMATED PRODUCT/ HECTARE
______
STANDS OF PLANTS GRANULAR MOLOPO GG 2 – 4 g / m2 RATE DEPENDS ON 20 – 40 Kg / ha APPLICATION (TEBUTHIURON CLAY CONTENT 200 g / kg)
NOTE: OBTAIN ASSISTANCE FROM SUPPLIER ON APPLICATION TECHNIQUES BEFORE APPLYING.
CLUSTER PINES (PINUS PINASTER.)
TARGET PLANTS METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS
ALL TREES CUT DOWN CLOSE DO NOT APPLY TO GROUND HERBICIDE TO STUMPS
IN DIFFICULT STEM ECOPLUG * ONLY ON SMALL TERRAIN TREES 10CM OR LESS. NOT EFFECTIVE ON LARGER TREES
* CONSULT THE WFW TECHNICAL ADVISOR.
GOLDEN WATTLE (ACACIA PYCNANTHA.)
TARGET TREES METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS
SEEDLINGS AND HAND PULL OR HOE SAPLINGS
BIG TREES CUT STUMP STUMP OUT 1 SACHET/ 400ml APPLY 1 – 2 DROPS (CYLINDROBASIDIUM SUNFLOWER OIL PER STUMP LAEVE) 2X10 SPORES PER SACHET
______
GREEN WATTLE ( ACACIA DECURRENS)
TARGET TREES METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS ESTIMATED PRODUCT/ HECTARE
SEEDLING AND HAND PULL SAPLINGS OR HOE
TIMBREL* 300ml / 10L WATER 1.5l / ha TREES CUT STUMP (TRICLOPYR AMINE SALT 360g / l)
* CONSULT THE WFW TECHNICAL ADVISOR
GUAVA (PSIDIUM GUAJAVA.)
ESTIMATED TARGET TREE METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS PRODUCT / HECTARE
ALL TREES CUT STUMP CHOPPER 1250ml / 10 l TREAT CUT 6 l / ha (IMAZAPYR 100g/l) WATER SURFACE
HONEY MESQUITE (PROSOPIS SPP.)
ESTIMATED TARGET TREES METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS PRODUCT / HECTARE
CUT STUMP GARLON 4 400ml / 10L DIESEL 3 l / ha VIROAXE (TRICLOPYR ESTER ALL TREES 480g/l)
SOIL APPLICATION MOLOPO S.C. * 1.5L / 8.5 L WATER LIGHT SOILS 2 l / ha (TEBUTHIURON ONLY IN RESTRICTED 5OO g / l) AREAS
* CONSULT THE WFW TECHNICAL ADVISOR.
______1.______
TRIFFID WEED (CROMOLAENIA ODORATA.) ______
ESTIMATED TARGET PLANTS METHOD PRODUCT RATE PRODUCT / HECTARE
HAND PULL
MAMBA 100ml / 10L WATER 4 l / ha SEEDLINGS (GLYPHOSATE 360g/l)
FOLIAR SPRAY TOUCHDOWN 100m l / 10L WATER 4 l / ha (GLYPHOSATE TRIMESIUM 480g/l)
GARON 4 / VIROAXE 37..5ml / 10L 1.5 l / ha (TRICLOPYR ESTER WATER 480g/l)
2.
TRIFFID WEED ( CROMOLAENIA ODORATA.)
TARGET PLANTS METHOD PRODUCT RATE ESTIMATED PRODUCT/ HECTARE.
MAMBA 100ml / 10L WATER 4 l / ha (GLYPHOSATE 360g/l)
SLASH AND SPRAY TOUCHDOWN 100ml / 10L WATER 4 l / ha REGROWTH (GLYPHOSATE WHEN 500 mm TALL TRIMESIUM 480g/l)
GARLON 4 / VIROAXE 37.5ml / 10L 1.5 l / ha (TRICLOPYR ESTER 480 g/l) WATER
ESTABLISHED PLALNTS
CUT STUMP CHOPPER 200 ml / 10 l WATER 1.5 l / ha (IMAZAPYR 100 g/l)
.
KUDZU (PUERARIA LOBATA.)
ESTIMATED TARGET TREES METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS PRODUCT / HECTARE ______
ACTIVELY SPRAY GARLON 4 50ml/10L WET THOROUGHLY 3 l / ha GROWING PLANTS VIROAXE WATER (TRICLOPYR ESTER 480g/l)
LONG - LEAVED WATTLE ( ACACIA LONGIFOLIA ) ______
TARGET TREES METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS ESTIMATED PRODUCT/ HECTARE
SEEDLINGS AND HAND PULL OR HOE OPEN STANDS SAPLINGS UP TO 2m TALL FOLIAR SPRAY GARLON 4 / VIROAXE 60ml/10L 2 l / ha (TRICLOPYR ESTER WATER 480g/l)
CUT DOWN AND GARLON 4 / VIROAXE 60ml/10L CUT LOW DOWN 2 l / ha TREAT COPPICE (TRICLOPYR ESTER WATER TO REDUCE 480g/l) COPPICE
TREES CUT STUMP TIMBREL 3 A * 300ml / 10L SEE NOTE BELOW 1.5 l / ha (TRICLOPYR AMINE WATER SALT 360g / l)
FRILL TIMBREL 3 A * 300ml / 10L 1.5 l / ha (TRICLOPYR AMINE WATER SALT 360g / l) NOTE: TREES CUT CLEANLY LOW DOWN, DO NOT NORMALLY COPICE
* CONSULT THE WFW TECHNICAL ADVISOR.
. ______1.______
PORT JACKSON WILLOW (ACACIA SALIGNA.)
TARGET TREES METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS ESTIMATED PRODUCT / HECTARE
______
HAND PULL OR HOE OPEN STANDS
MAMBA 2 – 4l / ha SPOT SPRAY 1.5% 2-4 l / ha (GLYPHOSATE 360g/l) SOLUTION SEEDLINGS TOUCHDOWN FOLIAR SPRAY (GLYPHOSATE TRI- 2 – 4 l / ha 2-4 l / ha MESIUM 480g/l)
GARLON 4 / VIROAXE 50ml/10L l.5 l / ha (TRICLOPYR ESTER WATER SEE NOTE BELOW 480g/l)
NOTE: USE GARLON 4 or VIROAXE, IF OTHER PIONEER GRASS SEEDLINGS PRESENT.
2.
PORT JACKSON WILLOW (ACACIA SALIGNA).
ESTIMATED TARGET TREES METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENT PRODUCT/ HECTARE
HAND PULL OR HOE
SAPLINGS AND YOUNG TREES TOUCH DOWN 4 l/ha PLANTS UP TO 600mm 4 l / ha (GLYPHOSATE) HIGH
FOLIAR SPRAY GARLON 4 / VIROAXE 50ml / 10L PLANTS UP TO 2m 3 l / ha (TRICLOPYR ESTER WATER HIGH 480g/l)
CUT STUMP TIMBREL 3A 300ml / 10L 1.5 l / ha BIG TREES (TRICLOPHYR AMINE WATER SALT 360 g/l)
FRILL TIMBREL 3A 300ml / 10L 1.5 l / ha (TRICLOPHYR AMINE WATER SALT 360 g/l)
MAURITIOUS THORN ( CAESALPINIA DECAPETALIA.)
TARGET PLANTS METHOD PRODUCT RATE ESTIMATED PRODUCT/ HECTARE
TOUCH DOWN 3 l / ha 3 l / ha (GLYPHOSATE TRI- MESIUM 480g/l)
SEEDLINGS FOLIAR SPRAY GARLON 4 / VIROAXE 50ml / 10l 1.5 l / ha (TRICLOPYR ESTER 480g / l) WATER
MAMBA 150ml/10L WATER 3 l / ha (GLYPHOSATE 360g/l)
GARLON 4 / VIROAXE 50ml/10L 1.5 l / ha (TRICLOPYR ESTER WATER 480g/l) PLANTS UP TO FOLIAR SPRAY 1m TALL MAMBA 3l / Ha 3 l / ha (GLYPHOSATE 360g/l)
YOUNG PLANTS AND FOLIAR SPRAY GARLON 4 / VIROAXE 50ml / 10L 2 l / ha REGROWTH UP TO (TRICLOPYR ESTER WATER 500mm AFTER 480g/l) SLASHING
TREES CUT STUMP TIMBREL 3 A * 300ml / 10L 1.5 l / ha (TRICLOPYR AMINE WATER SALT 360g / l) * CONSULT THE WFW TECHNICAL ADVISOR QUEEN OF THE NIGHT ( CEREUS JAMACARU.)
ESTIMATED TARGET PLANTS METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS PRODUCT / HECTARE ______
LARGE PLANTS STEM INJECTION MSMA 1l / 2l WATER OCTOBER (MSMA 720g/l) 2ml / INJECTION TREATMENT. 1 INJECTION PER 2.5m STEM LENGTH
SMALL PLANTS SPRAY APPLICATION MSMA 1l / 20l WATER OCTOBER TREATMENT 10 l / ha (MSMA 720g /l)
RED EYE (ACACIA CYCLOPS) ______
TARGET TREE METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS ESTIMATED PRODUCT/ HECTARE
SEEDLINGS & HAND PULL OR HOE OPEN STAND SAPLINGS SPRAY GARLON 4 / VIROAXE 50ml/10L DENSE STAND 2l / ha (TRICLOPYR ESTER WATER 480g/l)
TREES UP TO CUT LOW DOWN 2m TALL GARLON 4 / VIROAXE 50ml/10L 4l / ha FOLIAR SPRAY (TRICLOPYR ESTER WATER 480g/l)
LARGE TREES CUT LOW DOWN DO NOT APPLY HERBICIDE FRILL TIMBREL 3 A * 300ml /10L WATER 1.5 l / ha (TRICLOPYR AMINE SALT 360g / l)
NOTE: CUT DOWN LOW, TO PREVENT COPPICING. * CONSULT THE WFW TECHNICAL ADVISOR.
1.
RED SESBANIA (SESBANIA PUNICEA.)
TARGET PLANTS METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS ESTIMATED PRODUCT / HECTARE.
MAMBA 150m l / 10L WATER 4 l / ha (GLYPHOSATE 360g/l)
TOUCH DOWN 4 l / ha 4 l / ha SEEDLINGS FOLIAR SPRAY (GLYPHOSATE TRIMESIUM 480g/l)
GARLON 4 / VIROAXE 50ml / 10L WATER 2 l / ha (TRICLOPYR ESTER 480g/l)
MAMBA 150ml / 10L WATER SPRAY WHEN 4 l / ha (GLYPHOSATE 360g/l) 1m TALL
TREES SLASH AND TOUCH DOWN 4 l / ha 4 l / ha SPRAY (GLYPHOSATE COPPICE TRIMESIUM 480g/l)
GARLON 4 / VIROAXE 50ml / 10L WATER SPRAY UP TO 2 l / ha (TRICLOPYR ESTER 480g/l) 2m TALL
NOTE: DO NOT SPRAY TREES UNDER BIO – CONTROL.
2.
RED SESBANIA
TARGET METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENT ESTIMATED PRODUCT/ HECTARE
CHOPPER 200ml / 10 l WATER DO NOT APPLY IN 1.5 l / ha (IMAZAPYR 100g/l) RIPERIAN SITUATIONS WHERE WATER CONTAMINATION CAN TAKE PLACE. TREES CUT STUMP WHOLE STUMP GARLON 4 / VIROAXE 50ml / 10L WATER 1.5 l / ha (TRICLOPYR ESTER 480g/l) CUT SURFACE ONLY 100ml / 10LWATER 1.5 l / ha DO NOT APPLY IN RIPERIAN SITUATIONS WHERE WATER 2 l / ha CONTAMINATION CAN TAKE PLACE.
TIMBREL 3A * 300ml / 10L WATER CUT SURFACE ONLY (TRICLOPYR AMINE SALT DO NOT APPLY IN 360g/l) RIPERIAN SITUATIONS WHERE WATER CONTAMINATION CAN TAKE PLACE.
* CONSULT THE WFW TECHNICAL ADVISOR.
ROCK HACKEA (HACKEA GIBBOSA.) & SILKY HACKEA (HACKEA SERICIA.)
TARGET TREES METHOD
ALL PLANTS SLASH AND BURN, THEN HAND PULL SEEDLINGS.
SILVER WATTLE ( ACACIA DEALBATA)
ESTIMATED TARGET TREES METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS PRODUCT / HECTARE.
HAND PULL OR HOE OPEN STANDS SEEDLINGS AND YOUNG SAPLINGS FOLIAR SPRAY GARLON 4 / VIROAXE 25 – 50 ml/ LOW RATE ON 0.5 – 2l / ha (TRICLOPYR ESTER 10L WATER SEEDLINGS 480g/l)
TREES UP TO 1.5M FOLIAR SPRAY GARLON 4 / VIROAXE 75ml/10L 3l / ha TALL AND COPPICE (TRICLOPYR ESTER WATER 480c/l)
MAMBA 200ml/10L TREAT CUT 6l / ha (GLYPHOSATE WATER SURFACE CUT STUMP 360g/ l l
TIMBREL 3 A 300ml/10L TREAT CUT 1.5l / ha (TRICLOPYR AMINE WATER SURFACE LARGE TREES SALT 360g/l)
FRILL MAMBA 2L/10L WATER APPLY WITHIN 6l / ha (GLYPHOSATE 360g/l) 30 MINUTES
______
SISAL (AGAVE SISALANA)
TARGET PLANTS METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENT ESTIMATED PRODUCT/ REQUIRED ______
ALL SISAL INJECTION MSMA 2ml PER PLANT INTO BOLE 2 l / 1000 PLANTS (MSMA 720 g/l)
SYRINGA (MELIA AZEDRACH.)
ESTIMATED TARGET PLANTS METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS PRODUCT / HECTARE
CHOPPER 300ml/10l WATER TREAT CUT 2 l / ha (IMAZAPYR 100g/l) SURFACE ALL TREES CUT STUMP FRILL TIMBREL 3A * 300ml / 10L WATER 2 l / ha (TRICLOPYR AMINE SALT 360 g / l)
SEEDLINGS REMOVE BY HAND
* CONSULT THE WFW TECHNICAL ADVISOR.
______
LANTANA (LANTANA CAMARA)
TARGET PLANTS METHOD PRODUCT RATE ESTIMATED PRODUCT / HECTARE.
HAND PULL OR HOE
SEEDLINGS MAMBA 300ml / 10L WATER 6 l / ha (GLYPHOSATE 360g/l)
FOLIAR SPRAY TOUCH DOWN 6l / ha 6 l / ha (GLYPHOSATE TRIMESIUM 480g/l)
ACCESS * (PICLORAM K – SALT 100ml / 10L 2l / ha 240g / l) WATER SELECTED AREAS ONLY
______
LANTANA (LANTANA CAMARA) Cont.
FOLIAR SPRAY TOUCHDOWN 6l / ha 6 l / ha (GLYPHOSATE LARGE PLANTS TRIMESIUM 480g/l)
ACCESS * 100ml / 10L 2 l / ha (PICLORAM K – SALT WATER 240g / l) SELECTED AREAS ONLY
CHOPPER 1.5 l / ha (IMAZAPYR 100g/l) 200 ml / 10 l CUT STUMP WATER ACCESS * (PICLORAM K – SALT 2 l / ha 240g / l) 100ml / 10L WATER * CONSULT THE SELECTED AREAS WFW TECHNICAL ONLY ADVISOR.
GREY POPLAR (POPULUS SPP.)
ESTIMATED TARGET TREES METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS PRODUCT / HECTARE
SEEDLINGS FOLIAR GARLON* 150ml/10L 2l / ha SPRAY VIROAXE WATER (TRICLOPYR ESTER 480g/l)
CHOPPER 500ml / 10L CUT STUMP (IMAZAPYR WATER 1.5 l / ha 100g / l)
CHOPPER 500ml / 10 L 1.5 l / ha LARGE TREES ALL CUT STUMP (IMAZAPYR WATER FRILL 100g / l)
* CONSULT THE WFW TECHNICAL ADVISOR.
BLACKWOOD (ACACIA MELANOXYLON.)
ESTIMATED TARGET TREES METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS PRODUCT / HECTARE
SEEDLINGS FOLIAR STARANE* 12.5ml/10L 0.5L/Ha SPRAY WATER
FRILL/STEM GARLON 200ml / 10 L 1.5 l / ha APPLICATION VIROAXE DIESEL (TRICLOPYR ESTER 480g/l)
1.5 l / ha LARGE TREES ALL FRILL/STEM GARLON 200ml / 10 L APPLICATION VIROAXE DIESEL (TRICLOPYR ESTER 480g/l)
* CONSULT THE WFW TECHNICAL ADVISOR.
JACARANDA (JACARANDA MIMOSIFOLIA.)
ESTIMATED TARGET TREES METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS PRODUCT / HECTARE
CHOPPER 1000ml / 10 L ALL TREES AND FRILL/CUT (IMAZAPYR WATER 5L/Ha SEEDLINGS STUMP 100g / l)
PEANUT BUTTER TREE (SENNA SPP.)
ESTIMATED TARGET TREES METHOD PRODUCT RATE COMMENTS PRODUCT / HECTARE
CHOPPER 500ml / 10 L ALL TREES AND CUT STUMP (IMAZAPYR WATER 3L/Ha SEEDLINGS 100g / l)
Noetzie Conservancy Owners Association KNY123/01
APPENDIX 5
UNDERSTANDING BABOONS
Cape EAPrac Environmental Management Programme
Noetzie Conservancy Owners Association KNY123/01
APPENDIX 6
NOETZIE BIRD LIST AND
BIRP FORMS
Cape EAPrac Environmental Management Programme Check List for Birds of Noetzie Grid reference 3423AA October 2011 by Donald Fabian Old names are shown in brackets. Not all birds seen at Noetzie are listed, please add any additional ones. Egyptian Goose Purple Heron Black Crake Yellow-throated Woodland-Warbler African Black Duck Black-crowned Night Heron Common Moorhen Cape White-eye Yellow-billed Duck White-backed Night Heron Red-knobbed Coot Grey-backed Cisticola Red-billed Teal Little Bittern Wood Sandpiper Levaillant’s Cisticola Scaly-throated Honeyguide Hadeda Ibis Common Sandpiper Neddicky Lesser Honeyguide Black-headed Oriole Water Thick-knee (Dikkop) Karoo (Spotted) Prinia Knysna Woodpecker Fork-tailed Drongo Spotted Thick-knee (Dikkop) Bar-throated Apalis Olive Woodpecker Blue-mantled Crested-Flycatcher African Black Oystercatcher Green-backed Camaroptera (Bleating Warbler) African Hoopoe African Paradise Flycatcher White-fronted Plover Olive Thrush Green (Redbilled) Wood-Hoopoe Black-backed Puffback Kelp Gull African Dusky Flycatcher Narina Trogon Southern Tchagra Caspian Tern Cape Robin -Chat Half-collared Kingfisher Southern Boubou Swift Tern Chorister Robin-Chat Malachite Kingfisher Bokmakierie Sandwich Tern Karoo Scrub-Robin Giant Kingfisher Olive Bush-Shrike Common Tern African Stonechat Pied Kingfisher Cape Batis Arctic Tern Red-winged Starling Speckled Mousebird Pied Crow Osprey Black-bellied Starling Red-chested Cuckoo White-necked Raven African Fish Eagle Orange-breasted Sunbird Klaas’s Cuckoo Common Fiscal (Shrike) African Harrier-Hawk Amethyst (Black) Sunbird African Emerald Cuckoo Grey Cuckooshrike African Goshawk Southern (Lesser) Double-collared Sunbird Burchell’s Coucal Barn (European) Swallow Steppe Buzzard Greater Double-collared Sunbird Black Swift White-throated Swallow Forest Buzzard Cape Sugarbird White-rumped Swift Pearl-breasted Swallow Jackal Buzzard Cape Weaver Knysna Turaco (Loerie ) Greater Striped Swallow African Crowned Eagle Yellow Bishop (Yellow-rumped Widow) Barn Owl Rock Martin Rock Kestrel Swee Waxbill Cape Eagle-Owl Common House Martin Little Grebe (Dabchick) Cornmon Waxbill Spotted Eagle-Owl Black Saw-wing (Swallow) Cape Gannet Southern Grey-headed Sparrow African Wood-Owl Cape Bulbul African Darter Cape Wagtail Fiery-necked Nightjar Sombre Greenbul (Bulbul) Reed Cormorant Plain-backed Pipit Speckled (Rock) Pigeon Terrestrial Bulbul White-breasted Cormorant Cape Canary African Olive-Pigeon (Rameron Pigeon) Cape Grassbird Cape Cormorant Forest Canary Lemon (Cinnamon) Dove Little Rush- (African Sedge) Warbler Little Egret Yellow Canary Laughing Dove Knysna Warbler Yellow-billed Egret Brimstone (Bully) Canary Cape Turtle-Dove African Reed- (Marsh) Warbler Great Egret (White Heron) Streaky-headed Seedeater Red-eyed Dove Lesser Swamp- (Cape Reed) Warbler Grey Heron Cape Siskin
Notes:
Please submit copies of completed forms to: NCOA, D T Fabian, 7 Farmsedge, 14 Pekalmy Road, Bergvliet, 7945 Cape Town or email [email protected] CHECK LIST OF THE BIRDS OF NOETZIE
Noetzie township is part of the Farm Noetzie 394, situated about 10 km east of Knysna at 340 5' S and 230 8' E in grid square 3423AA Knysna. We bought our cottage there in 1976 when the rest of the Farm was largely under pine plantations, except for the indigenous forest on the east side along the Noetzie River and some coastal fynbos on the steep slopes just above Noetzie. We spent an annual holiday there most years until 1993 when I retired; later we moved to Cape Town from Johannesburg, so we were able to visit more frequently. Over the last thirty years my wife and I have made lists of the birds we have recorded at Noetzie. Our cottage is in indigenous forest overlooking the lagoon, with a view east through the canopy up the Noetzie River. All we can see is the river and the indigenous forest opposite of the Sinclair Nature Reserve ("Sinclair") and that of the Noetzie Farm on our left. The view from our balcony is the picture 'Dune Forests and Lagoons' on page 30 of the 8th Edition of Newman's Birds, 2002 ("Newman"). Because of the situation of our cottage, in the forest canopy with restricted views of the river and of the sky, birds of the forest and forest margin are well represented but birds of the fynbos, beach and sea and species such as swifts, swallows and raptors tend to be under recorded. On each visit I usually make several canoe trips up the river and walk in the indigenous forest along its banks in the Sinclair Nature Reserve. I visit the beach most days and used to make visits to the fynbos and the plantations above Noetzie, but since Pezula Private Estate was established in 2002, access to what were the plantations and the fynbos on the cliff top is no longer permitted. The plantations have been almost completely removed and fynbos is becoming re-established. Several small dams have been constructed and the few houses already built have gardens around them, although the cultivated areas are small in relation to the whole. The effect is that the habitat of that large part of the Noetzie Farm has changed radically, which has no doubt had a great effect on the avifauna, which is not apparent from this check list. During the survey period visits were made in 87 months, mostly in December (20) and January (16). March had 10 visits and November had 8 visits; the remaining 33 visits were spread over the other months, August having 1, July 2 and the other months 4, 5 or 6. Friends Deryck Day, Rob Thompson, Christo Walwyn and the late Ken Newman contributed records of 6 visits for which I am most grateful, the remaining 81 visits being those of my wife and myself. A few records have been contributed by other Noetzie owners and friends. In the species list that follows I have used the names and family order from the new VIIth Edition of Roberts Birds of Southern Africa published by the John Voelcker Bird Book Fund ("Roberts") and I have referred also to The Atlas of Southern African Birds 1997 published by BirdLife South Africa ("the Atlas"). I have used the new common names and scientific names, but have given the old common names as well. I have had anecdotal evidence of a few species that I have omitted from the check list because of lack of detail. These are Denham's (Stanley) Bustard from the fynbos and Verreaux's (Giant) Eagle Owl and Emerald-Spotted Wood-Dove from the forest. All these are possible, in fact I have been surprised not to record the latter, or the Tambourine Dove, as both are recorded for the Atlas in Knysna. I welcome records of birds seen at Noetzie, so that this check list can be revised and updated regularly. Separate records for each month should be submitted on the bird list that is available on the Noetzie Conservancy Owners' Association ("NCOA") web site www.noetzie.co.za. They can be posted to me at 7 Farmsedge, 14 Pekalmy Road, Bergvliet, 7945 Cape Town. Check List for Birds of Noetzie Grid reference 3423AA April 2007
Old names are shown in brackets. Not all birds seen at Noetzie are listed, please add any additional ones.
Red-necked Spurfowl (Francolin ) Common Moorhen Purple Heron Lesser Swamp- (Cape Reed) Warbler Egyptian Goose Red-knobbed Coot Black-crowned Night Heron Yellow-throated Woodland-Warbler African Black Duck Wood Sandpiper White-backed Night Heron Cape White-eye Scaly-throated Honeyguide Common Sandpiper Little Bittern Grey-backed Cisticola Lesser Honeyguide Water Thick-knee (Dikkop) Hadeda Ibis Levaillant's Cisticola Knysna Woodpecker Spotted Thick-knee (Dikkop) Black-headed Oriole Neddicky Olive Woodpecker African Black Oystercatcher Fork-tailed Drongo Karoo (Spotted) Prinia African Hoopoe White-fronted Plover Blue-mantled Crested-Flycatcher Bar-throated Apalis Green (Redbilled) Wood-Hoopoe Kelp Gull African Paradise Flycatcher Green-backed Camaroptera (Bleating Warbler) Narina T rogon Caspian Tern Black-backed Puffback Olive Thrush Half-collared Kingfisher Swift Tern Southern Tchagra African Dusky Flycatcher Malachite Kingfisher Sandwich Tern Southern Boubou Cape Robin -Chat Giant Kingfisher Common Tern Bokmakierie Chorister Robin-Chat Pied Kingfisher Arctic Tern Olive Bush-Shrike Karoo Scrub-Robin Speckled Mousebird Osprey Cape Batis African Stonechat Red-chested Cuckoo African Fish Eagle Pied Crow Red-winged Starling Klaas's Cuckoo African Harrier-Hawk White-necked Raven Black-bellied Starling African Emerald Cuckoo African Goshawk Common Fiscal (Shrike) Orange-breasted Sunbird Burchell's Coucal Steppe Buzzard Grey Cuckooshrike Amethyst (Black) Sunbird Black Swift Forest Buzzard Barn (European) Swallow Southern (Lesser) Double-collared Sunbird White-rumped Swift Jackal Buzzard White-throated Swallow Greater Double-collared Sunbird Knysna Turaco (Loerie ) African Crowned Eagle Pearl-breasted Swallow Yellow Bishop (Yellow-rumped Widow) Barn Owl Rock Kestrel Greater Striped Swallow Swee Waxbill Cape Eagle-Owl Little Grebe (Dabchick) Rock Martin Cornmon Waxbill Spotted Eagle-Owl Cape Gannet Common House Martin Southern Grey-headed Sparrow African Wood-Owl African Darter Black Saw-wing (Swallow) Cape Wagtail Fiery-necked Nightjar Reed Cormorant Cape Bulbul Plain-backed Pipit Speckled (Rock) Pigeon White-breasted Cormorant Sombre Greenbul (Bulbul) Cape Canary African Olive-Pigeon (Rameron Pigeon) Cape Cormorant Terrestrial Bulbul Forest Canary Lemon (Cinnamon) Dove Little Egret Cape Grassbird Yellow Canary Laughing Dove Yellow-billed Egret Little Rush- (African Sedge) Warbler Brimstone (Bully) Canary Cape Turtle-Dove Great Egret (White Heron) Knysna Warbler Streaky-headed Seedeater Red-eyed Dove Grey Heron African Reed- (Marsh) Warbler Cape Siskin Black Crake Black-headed Heron
Date Observer
Additional species
Please post to: D T Fabian, 7 Farmsedge, 14 Pekalmy Road, Bergvliet, 7945 Cape Town Return completed forms to: BLUE: SW Cape, Southern Coastal belt and Little Karoo Birds in BIRP, Animal Demography Unit University of Cape Town Breeding information Observe 3 hours to 7 days Reserves Project Rondebosch, 7701 is important Note approx number of hours Status codes observing during period Protected area name: Date start: (D)...... (M)...... 20...... 0 Present, ID uncertain Cover all habitat types ...... Date end: (D)...... (M)...... 20...... 1 Present, not breeding Check your species ID ...... Total Days observing: ...... 2 Present, possibly breeding 3 Present, probably breeding Highlight each species Protected area code:...... Est. hours observing: ...... All Habs: 4 Present, definately breeding New splits at end of list Observer number: ...... No species recorded: ...... Add Info: 9 Present, bred in the past Confusing species in BOLD
Common Ostrich 00015 ...... Maccoa Duck 01035 ...... Red-knobbed Coot 02120 ...... Common Tern 02917 ...... Brown-hooded Kingfisher 04022 ...... African Penguin 00027 ...... White-backed Duck 01043 ...... Blue Crane 02165 ...... Antarctic Tern 02929 ...... European Bee-eater 04047 ...... Great Crested Grebe 00042 ...... Secretarybird 01057 ...... Kori Bustard 02177 ...... Arctic Tern 02940 ...... European Roller 04124 ...... Black-necked Grebe 00058 ...... Cape Vulture 01064 ...... Ludwig's Bustard 02182 ...... Sandwich Tern 02961 ...... African Hoopoe 04181 ...... Little Grebe 00063 ...... Peregrine Falcon 01137 ...... Denham's Bustard 02196 ...... Swift Tern 02986 ...... Green Wood-Hoopoe 04197 ...... Black-browed Albatross 00089 ...... Lanner Falcon 01141 ...... Karoo Korhaan 02202 ...... Little Tern 02992 ...... Black-collared Barbet 04317 ...... Shy Albatross 00112 ...... Eurasian Hobby 01159 ...... White-bellied Korhaan 02226 ...... Damara Tern 03000 ...... Acacia Pied Barbet 04329 ...... Southern Giant-Petrel 00133 ...... Greater Kestrel 01223 ...... African Jacana 02288 ...... White-winged Tern 03041 ...... Greater Honeyguide 04408 ...... Pintado Petrel 00145 ...... Rock Kestrel 01232 ...... Greater Painted-snipe 02300 ...... Whiskered Tern 03059 ...... Scaly-throated Honeyguide 04413 ...... Broad-billed Prion 00215 ...... Lesser Kestrel 01254 ...... African Black Oystercatcher 02316 ...... Namaqua Sandgrouse 03074 ...... Lesser Honeyguide 04420 ...... Sooty Shearwater 00294 ...... African Cuckoo Hawk 01279 ...... Ruddy Turnstone 02328 ...... Speckled Pigeon 03118 ...... Ground Woodpecker 04451 ...... Great White Pelican 00420 ...... Black Kite 01280 ...... Common Ringed Plover 02337 ...... African Olive-Pigeon 03125 ...... Knysna Woodpecker 04482 ...... Cape Gannet 00449 ...... Yellow-billed Kite 01298 ...... White-fronted Plover 02359 ...... Red-eyed Dove 03144 ...... Cardinal Woodpecker 04505 ...... White-breasted Cormorant 00477 ...... Black-shouldered Kite 01308 ...... Chestnut-banded Plover 02362 ...... Cape Turtle-Dove 03160 ...... Olive Woodpecker 04523 ...... Cape Cormorant 00482 ...... Verreaux's Eagle 01334 ...... Kittlitz's Plover 02374 ...... Laughing Dove 03172 ...... Rufous-naped Lark 04580 ...... Bank Cormorant 00496 ...... Booted Eagle 01396 ...... Three-banded Plover 02385 ...... Namaqua Dove 03187 ...... Karoo Lark 04614 ...... Reed Cormorant 00505 ...... Martial Eagle 01429 ...... Greater Sand Plover 02393 ...... Tambourine Dove 03191 ...... Large-billed Lark 04630 ...... Crowned Cormorant 00511 ...... African Crowned Eagle 01438 ...... Grey Plover 02414 ...... Emerald-spotted Wood-Dove 03214 ...... Spike-heeled Lark 04743 ...... African Darter 00523 ...... Brown Snake-Eagle 01455 ...... Crowned Lapwing 02421 ...... Lemon Dove 03221 ...... Grey-backed Sparrowlark 04859 ...... Grey Heron 00546 ...... Black-chested Snake-Eagle 01461 ...... Black-winged Lapwing 02430 ...... Red-chested Cuckoo 03435 ...... Red-capped Lark 04885 ...... Black-headed Heron 00554 ...... African Fish-Eagle 01492 ...... Blacksmith Lapwing 02452 ...... Black Cuckoo 03443 ...... Barn Swallow 04939 ...... Purple Heron 00579 ...... Jackal Buzzard 01527 ...... African Snipe 02509 ...... Jacobin Cuckoo 03488 ...... White-throated Swallow 04956 ...... Great Egret 00580 ...... Steppe Buzzard 01542 ...... Curlew Sandpiper 02512 ...... African Emerald Cuckoo 03504 ...... Pearl-breasted Swallow 04987 ...... Little Egret 00598 ...... Forest Buzzard 01558 ...... Little Stint 02533 ...... Klaas's Cuckoo 03517 ...... Greater Striped Swallow 05021 ...... Yellow-billed Egret 00607 ...... Rufous-chested Sparrowhawk 01563 ...... Red Knot 02545 ...... Diderick Cuckoo 03529 ...... Lesser Striped Swallow 05030 ...... Cattle Egret 00614 ...... Little Sparrowhawk 01589 ...... Sanderling 02550 ...... Barn Owl 03592 ...... Rock Martin 05069 ...... Little Bittern 00676 ...... Black Sparrowhawk 01594 ...... Ruff 02566 ...... African Grass-Owl 03601 ...... Common House-Martin 05076 ...... Black-crowned Night-Heron 00695 ...... African Goshawk 01603 ...... Terek Sandpiper 02578 ...... Marsh Owl 03615 ...... Sand Martin 05083 ...... Hamerkop 00726 ...... Gabar Goshawk 01625 ...... Common Sandpiper 02581 ...... African Wood-Owl 03627 ...... Brown-throated Martin 05095 ...... Black Stork 00790 ...... Southern Pale Chanting Goshawk 01656 ...... Marsh Sandpiper 02622 ...... Cape Eagle-Owl 03670 ...... Banded Martin 05105 ...... White Stork 00800 ...... African Marsh-Harrier 01672 ...... Common Greenshank 02631 ...... Spotted Eagle-Owl 03689 ...... Black Saw-wing 05111 ...... African Sacred Ibis 00816 ...... Black Harrier 01691 ...... Wood Sandpiper 02647 ...... Rufous-cheeked Nightjar 03720 ...... Black Cuckooshrike 05132 ...... Glossy Ibis 00837 ...... African Harrier-Hawk 01710 ...... Bar-tailed Godwit 02668 ...... Fiery-necked Nightjar 03734 ...... Grey Cuckooshrike 05167 ...... Hadeda Ibis 00841 ...... Osprey 01722 ...... Eurasian Curlew 02675 ...... Freckled Nightjar 03749 ...... Fork-tailed Drongo 05179 ...... African Spoonbill 00859 ...... Grey-winged Francolin 01768 ...... Common Whimbrel 02684 ...... Common Swift 03782 ...... Eurasian Golden Oriole 05198 ...... Greater Flamingo 00862 ...... Red-winged Francolin 01784 ...... Pied Avocet 02699 ...... African Black Swift 03806 ...... Black-headed Oriole 05216 ...... Lesser Flamingo 00874 ...... Cape Spurfowl 01812 ...... Black-winged Stilt 02703 ...... White-rumped Swift 03831 ...... Pied Crow 05228 ...... Spur-winged Goose 00885 ...... Red-necked Spurfowl 01881 ...... Water Thick-knee 02744 ...... Horus Swift 03847 ...... Cape Crow 05237 ...... Egyptian Goose 00893 ...... Common Quail 01897 ...... Spotted Thick-knee 02756 ...... Little Swift 03853 ...... White-necked Raven 05241 ...... South African Shelduck 00903 ...... Helmeted Guineafowl 01921 ...... Burchell's Courser 02760 ...... Alpine Swift 03868 ...... Grey Tit 05259 ...... Cape Shoveler 00944 ...... African Rail 01976 ...... Temminck's Courser 02772 ...... Speckled Mousebird 03909 ...... Cape Penduline-Tit 05318 ...... African Black Duck 00956 ...... Baillon's Crake 02023 ...... Double-banded Courser 02787 ...... White-backed Mousebird 03912 ...... Cape Rock-jumper 05409 ...... Yellow-billed Duck 00960 ...... Black Crake 02032 ...... Parasitic Jaeger 02842 ...... Red-faced Mousebird 03924 ...... Cape Bulbul 05433 ...... Red-billed Teal 00972 ...... Red-chested Flufftail 02054 ...... Subantarctic Skua 02863 ...... Narina Trogon 03933 ...... African Red-eyed Bulbul 05445 ...... Cape Teal 00987 ...... Buff-spotted Flufftail 02067 ...... Kelp Gull 02870 ...... Pied Kingfisher 03945 ...... Terrestrial Brownbul 05466 ...... Hottentot Teal 00991 ...... Striped Flufftail 02079 ...... Grey-headed Gull 02889 ...... Giant Kingfisher 03950 ...... Sombre Greenbul 05510 ...... White-faced Duck 01002 ...... African Purple Swamphen 02080 ...... Hartlaub's Gull 02894 ...... Half-collared Kingfisher 03966 ...... Cape Rock-Thrush 05599 ...... Southern Pochard 01026 ...... Common Moorhen 02108 ...... Caspian Tern 02904 ...... Malachite Kingfisher 03978 ...... Sentinel Rock-Thrush 05608 ...... Office Use Only Card number 1 Start date End date Days Protected Area Code No.Species Observer code Info No.hours Hab 2 8 0 1 9 11 18 25 28 38 42 48 50 54 1 BIRDS IN RESERVES PROJECT: INSTRUCTIONS
ADU Guide no. 1
Avian Demography Unit
2007, Fourth edition
Birds in Reserves Project Guide 1 www.aviandemographyunit.org The Birds in Reserves Project (BIRP) is a joint collaborative project of the Avian Demography Unit and BirdLife South Africa. All correspondence pertaining to the Birds in Reserves Project project should be directed to the AVIAN DEMOGRAPHY UNIT (ADU), Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa. The ADU is a research unit of the Department of Statistical Sciences, UCT, and Contents: Page: enjoys the partnership of BirdLife South Africa. The mission of the Avian Demography Unit is to contribute to the improved understanding of bird populations, especially bird population dynamics, and thus make Introduction to the Project 4 a contribution to their conservation. We achieve this through mass participation projects, long-term monitoring, innovative statistical modelling and population-level Contributing to BIRP 4 interpretation of results. The emphasis is on the curation, analysis, publication and dissemination of data. 1. The geographical area: Protected Areas 4 1.1. Choosing your checklist 5 BIRP coordinator: Marius Wheeler: tel. no. 021-6504698, fax no. 021-6503434, 1.2. Very large Protected Areas: quarter-degree grid cells 6 email: [email protected] 1.3. Habitat coverage 6
web site: www.aviandemographyunit.org 2. Species 7 2.1. Identifying and recording the species 7 2.2. Status codes 9 2.3. Unusual/additional species 9
Compilers and authors: James A. Harrison, Doug M. Harebottle & Marius J. Wheeler 3. The time period 10 dtp: Marja Wren-Sargent 4. Filling in and submitting your checklist 11
Definition of Protected Areas 13 Registering a PA with BIRP 15
Working out grid cells 16
Appendix 1: List of species (alphabetical) 17
Acknowledgements Appendix 2: List of species (numerical) 27 The ADU wishes to acknowledge with thanks the invaluable help of all the people who have contributed to this project over the years. Special thanks go to the Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology for making their Protected Area database available to us.
www.aviandemographyunit.org 2 Birds in Reserves Project Guide Birds in Reserves Project Guide 3 www.aviandemographyunit.org INTRODUCTION bird community, outside of the PA is considerably different from that inside and it would therefore defeat the object of the exercise to include species seen beyond the boundaries of Dear BIRPer the PA. It is NOT necessary to see a bird perched before recording it. Many species such as swifts and swallows are virtually only seen in the air and should definitely be recorded Welcome to the Birds in Reserves Project (BIRP).We hope that your participation in this because, even if they never alight within the PA, they are probably “using” the PA by for- project will bring you many hours of enjoyment and a sense of satisfaction from contribut- aging for its insects, drinking its water, etc. The same applies to overflying raptors which, ing to a scientific endeavour which will help in the conservation of our birdlife. even if their nesting sites are outside of the reserve, are likely to be using the reserve as a BIRP is a joint project of BirdLife South Africa (BLSA), and the Avian Demography Unit source of food. The only overflying birds which should be excluded are overflying waterbirds (ADU), based at the University of Cape Town (UCT). BIRP is one of the partnership projects for which there is no suitable habitat within the PA and vultures overflying a PA which does of BLSA and the ADU along with the Coordinated Waterbird Counts (CWAC), the Nest not offer carrion. Record Card Scheme (NERCS) and the Coordinated Avifaunal Roadcounts (CAR). The One should also use some discretion: it makes little sense to search the skies for high- BLSA Council and Research Committee have endorsed the project as one which they will flying birds when one is standing in a postage stamp municipal park, but if you are in the encourage BLSA members to participate in and for which the society will provide logistical middle of the Kruger National Park even the most high-flying birds are likely to be associ- backup. The ADU provides scientific leadership and administrative services to BIRP. You ated with the park. Low-flying birds should always be recorded. The point is to make your do not have to be a member of BLSA to participate in BIRP but we encourage you to con- list an accurate reflection of the species which occur within the PA and utilize it in some way. sider joining the society which has much to offer the bird enthusiast. Write to: BLSA, PO Box 515, Randburg, 2125, or email them at [email protected]. 1.1 Choosing your checklist The basic purpose of BIRP is to compile a comprehensive catalogue of the species of birds which occur and breed in South Africa’s many protected areas. A database of this kind will The country has been divided into six biogeographical regions, each with its own checklist help to identify the species which are as yet not adequately protected and will also provide with an appropriate list of species. The checklists can be downloaded from the BIRP webpage the managers of protected areas with information useful in setting management policies. The or requested from the Avian Demography Unit. The checklists are: first South African Bird Atlas Project (SABAP 1) has given us a good understanding of the 1. Fynbos, south-western and southern coastal belt and Little Karoo distribution patterns of all species but was not able to tell us whether or not a particular spe- 2. West coast, Karoo and western Orange River cies is being protected because the data were collected by quarter-degree grid cells, areas 3. Kalahari which are much larger than most nature reserves. The BIRP database is complementary to 4. Bushveld, Lowveld and North-eastern escarpment the SABAP 1 database and together they already provide a powerful tool for the planning 5. Eastern coastal belt of the conservation of South Africa’s avian biodiversity. With the recent launch of the second 6. Highveld, OFS, Lesotho, KwaZulu-Natal Drakensberg and Midlands South African Bird Atlas Project (SABAP 2), this conservation tool is set to become even stronger.
A rough guide to the choice from the six BIRP CONTRIBUTING TO BIRP checklists according to biogeographical region.
You can contribute to BIRP by filling in checklists of species for a particular area, for a par- ticular period of time. The object is to record the presence of a species and any evidence of breeding. Counting of the number of individuals is not required.
1. The geographical area: Protected Areas
The sampling units for BIRP are protected areas. The up-to-date list for BIRP is available on the BIRP website or request a hard copy from the ADU. The list gives the official name of the area and an eight-digit code. A protected area (PA) is defined as any demarcated territory which has some status as a nature conservation area. All observations submitted for BIRP must be made within the boundaries of a given PA. No records of birds seen outside of the boundaries of the PA should be included in the checklist, however tempting it may be to do so! Birds overflying the protected area. In many cases the habitat, and therefore also the www.aviandemographyunit.org 4 Birds in Reserves Project Guide Birds in Reserves Project Guide 5 www.aviandemographyunit.org This division enables one to create lists of species which are specific to regions of the country 2. Species and the habitats typically found in those regions. It will be to your advantage to use the check- list which is appropriate to the area in which you make your observations. Using the wrong 2.1 Identifying and recording the species checklist is likely to cause you to have many additional species, and all the hassle that goes with them! As long as you are reasonably competent at identifying the birds which occur in a specific For some boundary areas this map will not be very helpful and you should then make a area – or are accompanied by someone who is – you are fit to be a BIRPer, but it is essen- choice based on the vegetation type which is dominant in the PA you wish to cover. This tial that you adhere to the golden rule: applies especially to the Eastern Cape with its complex mosaic of habitat types. Note that checklist 6 is intended for use primarily in grassland areas and their associated Afromontane IF IN DOUBT, forests while checklist 4 is intended primarily for savannah woodland habitats and the habi- tats of the north-eastern escarpment. Checklists 1 and 5 cater for a mixture of habitat types LEAVE IT OUT! while checklists 2 and 3 are fairly specific. Kalahari refers specifically to the habitats on red Kalahari sands. West coast and Karoo include Strandveld, Succulent Karoo, Nama Please do not guess. Only record those species which you have positively identified by sight Karoo and Bushmanland. The birdlife of the western Orange River is very different from the and/or by call. If you know the call of a species well, hearing it is sufficient, but beware of surrounding Karoo but is catered for on checklist 2. Note that the Little Karoo is covered by mimics! Your identification skills will improve rapidly if you study the fieldguides and tapes checklist 1, not checklist 2. which are available and especially if you accompany more experienced birders in the field. If you have suggestions to make regarding the species lists on the checklists, please write Do not count birds. No matter how many times you see a species during a period of to the ADU giving your suggested changes and a clear motivation for each. These will be observation, record it only once on the checklist. considered when the checklists are revised. Note that pelagic seabirds, e.g. albatrosses and A number of species have recently been split based on genetic evidence. In some petrels, as opposed to shorebirds which actually use the shore in some way, do not have much instances it may be difficult to distinguish between two similar looking species and for relevance for BIRP. However, if observers see these species from the shore and wish to record this reason extra care must be taken in identifying such species. In some instances, e.g. them, they may do so; they do have relevance for the ecotourism potential of coastal reserves. cisticolas and nightjars, auditory cues may prove helpful in identifying the correct species. One really needs to learn the calls of these species and there are several excellent commer- 1.2. Very large Protected Areas: quarter-degree grid squares cially available tapes, CDs and other digital resources to help one.
The following PAs exceed 50 000 hectares: Baviaanskloof Wilderness Area, Hluhluwe- 2.2 Status codes Umfolozi Game Reserve, Greater St Lucia Wetland Park, Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park (for- merly Kalahari Gemsbok National Park), Kruger National Park, Ukhuhlamba-Drakensberg Any evidence of breeding activity should be carefully noted. This will determine the status Park (formerly Natal-Drakensberg Park), Richtersveld National Park, Cederberg Wilderness code which you will fill in on the checklist. The status codes are the numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 Area, Groot Swartberg State Forest and Sabi Sand Game Reserve, but not Pilanesberg. and 9 and are used as follows: For BIRP these reserves are subdivided into quarter-degree grid cells (QDGCs): the List 0 probably present: seen and/or heard but a positive identification not made. This code of Protected Areas includes all the QDGCs for each of these reserves. Each QDGC is treated allows you to record the species which you are only 99% sure you saw! It is NOT intended as if it were a separate PA. Each piece is given the name of the area plus the QDGC code. for species not seen but only believed to occur in the area. (Refer to the list of PAs on the BIRP website.) 1 present: seen and/or heard and positively identified, but no evidence of breeding 1.3 Habitat coverage observed. 2 present and possibly breeding: seen and/or heard, and positively identified, and All habitat types within a PA (or QDGC if it is one of the very large reserves) should be behaviour associated with breeding observed. Permissible evidence of breeding includes: visited and their birdlife recorded as comprehensively as possible. If observers do this faith- f adult bird or a pair of adults, in breeding plumage, in suitable habitat, singing full fully we will obtain more reliable reporting-rate statistics and a more comprehensive picture song (i.e. not just contact or alarm calls), during the breeding season, or of the avifauna of each PA. However, this does not mean that you must visit every little patch f as above and engaged in courtship or territorial display, during the breeding season. of every habitat type. As long as you visit a representative sample of all the habitats you will Note that the observation must be made during the breeding season, as given in have satisfied the requirements. The practicalities (and safety!) of access to all habitats are Roberts’ or other suitable texts. Singing and displays are sometimes observed out- often a problem and when you have not been able to satisfy the requirement, simply answer side of the breeding season but are then not acceptable evidence of breeding. the question about habitat coverage with “no” or leave the box unticked.
www.aviandemographyunit.org 6 Birds in Reserves Project Guide Birds in Reserves Project Guide 7 www.aviandemographyunit.org 3 present and probably breeding: seen and/or heard, and positively identified, and If you have evidence for more than one status code, enter only one on your BIRP check- behaviour closely associated with breeding observed. Permissible evidence of breeding list, in the following descending order of priority: 4, 3, 2, 9, 1, 0. includes: NB: If the contents of a nest are known, i.e. eggs and/or chicks, you also have sufficient f adult bird feeding a mate information for the completion of a Nest Record Card. In this case you are strongly encour- f adult bird carrying nesting material aged to fill in a nest record card for the Nest Record Card Scheme (NERCS), another project f adult bird building or excavating a nest administered by the ADU. For more information on this Project, please visit the ADUs f an identifiable nest currently under construction website. f a recently completed but empty identifiable nest f adult sitting in the cup of a nest and thought to be incubating eggs or brooding chicks 2.3 Unusual/additional species f agitated behaviour or distraction display by an adult bird, suggesting presence of nest or young out of the nest The lists of birds on the checklists can be used as rough guides to what you are likely to see, f adult carrying food but nest not seen provided you are using the checklist in the area for which it was intended. Rare, vagrant and f adult carrying faecal sac but nest not seen highly localized species are not listed on the checklists. It is therefore quite possible that you f adult carrying food into a completed nest might see a species not listed on the checklist, in which case you should add it to your check- f adult taking a faecal sac out of a nest list under “Additional species”. f recently used, as revealed by fresh eggshells or droppings, but empty nest There are three categories of records to consider here, namely: f fresh droppings, moulted feathers, or food remains found around or under a nest that a. Additional species: If any additional species are added on to the BIRP checklist, be cannot be seen into, but is thought to be active sure to supply supporting notes to support your sightings. Without additional infor- f recently fledged juvenile with gape flange and/or some downy feathers seen away mation the vetting process is made much more difficult. Any “additional species” from the nest record which is not supported by adequate notes under “additional information” f recently fledged juvenile accompanied by an adult cannot be used. (An exception will be made for species recorded by the same ob- 4 present and confirmed breeding: seen and/or heard, and positively identified, and con- server in the same PA which have been fully documented on a previous checklist. In clusive proof of current breeding obtained. Evidence which can be taken as proof of these cases the observer need only make reference to the previous checklist.) The type breeding includes: of information we require is anything which you used to identify the species, e.g. f eggs seen in the nest plumage, call, behaviour, habitat, etc. Please note that a verbatim quote from a f nestlings seen, or heard calling, in the nest fieldguide or an assurance that you know the species well is not what we need! f downy chicks or non-flying juveniles of species which leave the nest on hatching, Essentially we need enough information to be sure that you identified the species cor- e.g. ducks, gamebirds, bustards, korhaans, cranes, waders rectly. It would be useful to have additional information for any unusual record, e.g. a summer visitor seen during the middle of winter. Attach an additional sheet of paper 9 currently present, and confirmed breeding in the past: seen and/or heard, and posi- if necessary. tively identified, and a reliable report of confirmed breeding within the past three years. The reliable report may be your own observation or a report from another reliable observer b. National rarities: Another problematic category of records is that of “rarities”. Until or may be a published record. such time as we have clarity on the South African Rarities Committee, we urge birders to treat any rare bird as an additional species, by providing adequate additional NB: Please note that the admission of old data applies ONLY to the breeding status code 9 information to support the sighting. Without adequate information we will not be and NOT to the actual sightings of the birds! In other words, only species observed on the able to consider such records. day in question may be marked on your BIRP checklist, whatever their breeding status code. It is only the breeding evidence for code 9 – and code 9 alone – which can come from a time c. Out-of-range species: All BIRP records will be compared, by computer, against other than the observation period. Also do not use a particular bit of “old” evidence more clean SABAP 1 and SABAP 2 data to see if any species have not been recorded pre- than once – even if you visit the PA more than once – and use it only if no current evidence viously from the general area in which a particular PA falls. The computer programme of breeding is available. will generate an Out-of-Range Form (ORF) for any such record and these ORFs will For example, if someone tells you that they saw species X breeding at a particular local- be sent to the observer for further comment. We need to evaluate such out-of-range ity two years ago, use that information to assign status code 9 for that locality for species records if they do not fit the patterns established by the two Atlas projects. Again, if X, (a) only if you yourself have seen species X in the observation period, (b) on one check- an ORF does not receive a satisfactory response, within three months of post- list only, and then (c) only if no current evidence of breeding is available. We hope that status ing, the record in question cannot be used. ORFs should be returned to the ADU code 9 will increase the amount of breeding information in the database, particularly for in Cape Town. species which are rare and/or difficult to observe breeding.
www.aviandemographyunit.org 8 Birds in Reserves Project Guide Birds in Reserves Project Guide 9 www.aviandemographyunit.org 3. Time period 4. Filling in and submitting your checklist
For BIRP we are restricting the period which a checklist may cover to one calendar Please fill in your BIRP checklist with attention to all the details; it’s much more hassle to week, in other words 7 days. Furthermore there is a minimum amount of observation obtain missing information later. Please use either blue or black ink, not pencil. Make sure time to be spent on any one checklist, namely three hours. (We do NOT want the you use the latest checklists available. If in doubt, please download the latest checklists from “quickie”, a superficial list that one would obtain while having a braai at a picnic spot, or the BIRP website or contact the BIRP coordinator. from looking over the fence. That kind of list is completely unrepresentative and therefore Protected area name: Fill in the name of the relevant PA, as listed in the PA list available not scientifically valid.) on the BIRP website. (In the case of very large PAs, use the QDGC name as listed on the Put another way, a checklist may cover any period of time between 3 and 168 hours in website.) Please only use the names that you find listed there; other names, even if commonly length during any seven day period. The period of observation may consist of various shorter used, will lead to confusion. If the PA is not listed on the website, provide information about observation periods, provided that they all fall within the same seven day cycle. Three hours the PA on a separate sheet of paper. (See section on PAs below, p. 15.) is obviously excessive for a PA which is only a few hectares in extent. For small Pas one need only spend as much time as it takes to comprehensively cover the area. If, in a larger PA, PA code: In the list of PAs you will see that each PA (or QDGC for very large reserves) is you are able to spend only two hours, for example, please still submit your checklist. The provided with an eight-digit code. This is the number that will be used to identify the site hours given on the checklist should be the actual number of hours spent observing, thus on the computer. Please be sure to fill in the correct code number. For a new PA or PA listed should you submit a checklist for a multiple of days, ensure you add all the hours spent without a code, please supply the center-point coordinates (degrees and minutes South & observing during that time period only. degrees and minutes West, or GPS coordinates) for the PA along with the additional infor- The more checklists you do per area, the better. Repeated samples of the avifauna of mation required to register the site for BIRP (see p. 15). an area can help calculate reporting rates to use as indices of the relative abundance of spe- Observer number: Provide your observer number which the ADU has allocated to you. If cies in different PAs. Thus, if you can submit one checklist per day, it would be better than an observer code has not been allocated to you yet leave the space blank, but ensure that all submitting one checklist for a multiple of days. The latter form would however still be valu- your personal details are provided on page 2 of the checklist and an ADU number will be able in calculating reporting rate, albeit on a slightly coarser resolution. It is recommended allocated to you once we receive the checklist. We will advise you of that number as soon that you use whichever system suits you best. as possible. Thereafter please provide your observer number on all your checklists for BIRP For the sake of compiling a comprehensive list, it is acceptable to include the records of and when you contribute to any other ADU project (CWAC, CAR and NERCS). multiple observers, if made during the same time period, although it would be better still if each observer filled in his/her own checklist individually (unless you are working in a group, Date start: Fill in the full date – day, month and year – of the day on which you started your of course). observations. Seasonal coverage: we are aiming to achieve good seasonal coverage of all PAs. This Date end: Fill in the full date – day, month and year – of the day on which you ended your is particularly important when it comes to analysing data for a particular site. In order to better observations. understand the bigger picture, we need BIRP data for every month of the year. Please con- sult the BIRP website to determine where the data gaps exist for your particular PA. It would Total days observing: Provide the number of days on which active observations were done. be really valuable to try to fill these data-deficient months as much as possible. Please keep Estimated hours observing: Provide an estimate of the total number of actual hours spent in mind that all months will require data on a consistent basis, thus months that appear to observing birds. have sufficient data will still require ongoing BIRP monitoring. “Old” data: What about data which predates the launch of BIRP at the end of 1994? YES, Number of species recorded: This is simply the total number of species recorded on your we do want to have such data and YES it will be very useful, provided that it meets the stand- checklist and is used by the computer as a cross-check. Please count carefully and remem- ard BIRP requirements. It is particularly important that lists be unbiased lists of everything ber to include your “additional species” in the total. seen, not just lists of “specials”, and that the list be reasonably comprehensive – a reflec- Habitat coverage: Please tick the box if all habitat types present in the PA were surveyed. tion of at least a few hours of effort on ONE day. If not, leave the box blank. It is understood that it will not always be possible to do so. Your Please note that we have extracted all suitable data for PAs which were submitted to checklist will still be used if the answer is “no”. SABAP 1, that is lists which clearly indicated that they were from a particular nature reserve. Additional information: Please tick the box if any additional information has been supplied If you have already submitted such data to SABAP 1, there is no need to submit it again to with your checklist. Additional information in this context includes information written on BIRP. the checklist, or on an attached piece of paper. Species: It is preferable to make your lists in a notebook and to fill in the status codes on BIRP checklists at home. (If you want to use the checklist in the field, tick the names of the species on the left and fill in the status codes later.) This ensures that your checklists are neat www.aviandemographyunit.org 10 Birds in Reserves Project Guide Birds in Reserves Project Guide 11 www.aviandemographyunit.org and reduces the chances of accidentally marking the wrong line. The computer operators DEFINITION OF PROTECTED AREAS (PAs) process thousands of checklists, so please make their job as easy as you can by making your handwriting clear and legible. It would be helpful if you could use a highlighter pen to There are many different types of protected areas (PAs). We want to cast our net wide and highlight the species. include as many different types of PAs as possible. There are a few criteria which a PA must meet, however: Additional species: Species not printed on the checklist should be written in under addi- tional species together with their five digit ADU species code (Appendix at the end of this 1) A PA must have defined boundaries. An area which is not defined cannot be surveyed. booklet), and status code. That amounts to a six-digit code per species. This does not mean that the area need be fenced but it does mean that it should be clear in some way what is inside and what is outside of the PA. Particularly in some moun- Additional information: Additional information is required to enable us to evaluate the record. Attach another sheet of paper if necessary. tain catchment areas the boundaries are not yet well defined and even where they are, the boundaries may be very unclear to ordinary members of the public. In these cases you Name and address of observer: Many people have the same name and even the same should penetrate the area to such an extent that you can be certain that you are within the initials, so please provide your full name and address to avoid any confusion. Please also boundaries of the PA when making your observations. indicate whether your address has changed since your last submission. It is not necessary to provide the names of people who observed with you. However, if you regularly observe to- 2) A PA must have some conservation status. Some authority, even if this is a private land- owner, must have publicly declared that the piece of land has been set aside for conser- gether with other people you could alternate the name of the person on the checklists so that vation purposes and that it enjoys some special protection. The degree of legal protec- the credit is spread fairly. tion will vary a great deal but BIRP is concerned with all areas which enjoy some degree of protection for the purposes of conserving the natural/wild environment and wild Submission of checklists species. With the help of both the SABAP 1 and SABAP 2 databases and advanced computer tech- 3) A PA must comprise wild and natural habitats. Some people may manage their gardens nology, the initial processing of checklists will be done on a centralized basis at the ADU. or farms in an environmentally friendly manner but this does not necessarily qualify them However, the project has rapidly grown since its launch in 1994 and this has necessitated to be called protected areas (PAs). The PA must consist largely of natural veld or wetland the need to establish Regional Organisers (ROs). ROs are responsible for the promotion and which is being managed to maintain it in that wild state. However, domesticated habi- coordination of BIRP in a specific region or province and ensure that coverage, particularly tats may be included in the definition of a PA where they form an integral part of an other- at poorly covered PAs, is maintained on a regular basis. To help with the processing of BIRP wise wild area, e.g. the rest-camps within reserves can be regarded as part of the PA. checklists, they also collate and check all checklists before submitting them to the ADU. This Especially in the case of nature conservancies (see below) where wild and domesticated allows them to consult with the relevant observer(s) concerning any out-of-range or odd- habitats are likely to be interspersed, both types of habitat should be included in the looking records thus making sure that the data is accurate before it is processed. Currently, definition of the PA and be covered by observers. four ROs have been established, Roy Cowgill & Steve Davis for KZN, Craig Whittington- Jones for Gauteng, Joe Grosel for northern Limpopo province and Lientjie Cohen for north- The following would all qualify as PAs for BIRP: National Parks; provincial nature reserves; eastern Mpumalanga. Observers are encouraged to contact the ADU, to obtain contact details local-authority nature reserves and sanctuaries (run by municipalities, regional services for the relevant RO, should they wish to participate at this regional level. Alternatively, all councils, etc.); Natural Heritage Sites; Ramsar sites; National Botanical Gardens; Forestry BIRP checklists and associated forms should be submitted directly to BIRP, ADU, Univer- conservation areas (including both areas of natural forest and other areas of protected veld sity of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701. but NOT plantations of alien trees); officially designated wilderness areas; protected Electronic submissions can also be made directly on the BIRP website. Please follow mountain catchments; public open space which is kept in a wild state and is managed for the instructions on the website (at www.aviandemographyunit.org) in order to make such nature conservation purposes (e.g. some areas forming part of the Durban MOSS scheme); submissions. military areas which are also managed for conservation; private nature reserves where these Queries should be directed to: BIRP, Avian Demography Unit, University of Cape Town, have been specifically declared to be nature reserves and are being managed as such (e.g. Rondebosch 7701. Telephone: (021) 650-4698; fax (021) 650-3434. Alternatively email the the reserves belonging to the Wildlife and Environment Society of South Africa); nature BIRP Coordinator, Marius Wheeler, at [email protected] conservancies consisting of privately owned farms; game farms which are entirely under natu- Reportback: You will occasionally receive BIRP Newsletters. Participants are also en- ral habitat and managed exclusively for game farming and/or tourism. couraged to use the BIRP web site www.aviandemographyunit.org where feedback will be The following would NOT qualify as PAs for BIRP: forestry plantations of non-indig- given in the form of summaries for all observers at any stage. enous trees; public open space and parks used primarily for recreational purposes (e.g. Rondebosch Common, Zoo Lake) although certain “hybrid” areas such as Midmar Dam should be covered; private or state-owned land which has not been publicly declared to have the status of a nature reserve. Note that many mountains, hills and koppies would not qualify despite the fact that their habitats may be in pristine condition. Only those mountains which www.aviandemographyunit.org 12 Birds in Reserves Project Guide Birds in Reserves Project Guide 13 www.aviandemographyunit.org are part of declared wilderness areas or protected catchments administered either by Forestry Registering a Protected Area with BIRP or by the provinces, would qualify. For BIRP the emphasis falls on the publicly owned protected areas. However, the amount The list of PAs is as complete as we can currently make it but we have no doubt that many of privately owned land in South Africa which is managed for nature conservation is enor- more could, and will, be added. If you know of a PA, as yet unregistered with BIRP, which mous and it would be short-sighted not to take cognizance of this and accommodate these meets the criteria given above, please inform us. Information we need before we can areas in the project. register a PA includes the following:
In addition to the protected areas which are publicly owned, the following categories 1) the official name of the site, of privately owned land are of importance for BIRP: 2) the size of the site (in hectares) 2) the name and / or website of the institution, governing body or individual who owns 1) Private nature reserves: There are nature reserves which are privately owned but spe- the land, cifically run as nature reserves and some are open to the public. The reserves owned by 3) the name, address, email, and phone number of an individual or office responsi- the Wildlife Society are good examples. ble for the site, 2) Natural Heritage Sites (NHSs): Not all of the 350-odd NHSs are privately owned but 4) the position (center-point or GPS coordinates), and preferably also the boundaries many are. Many of these sites are not open to the public and most constitute only a small of the site indicated on a 1:50 000 map sheet (digital or photocopy thereof), portion of a much larger piece of real estate which is used for other purposes, such as 5) a brief description of the site, with particular reference to how one can obtain access farming, mining, recreation, etc. BLSA has in conjunction with the South African Natural to make observations for BIRP, and any tourist brochures or maps which may be Heritage Site Programme of the Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism and available from the PA itself. the ADU, established a BIRP monitoring programme for many of the public-restricted Once a new site has been registered, it will appear on the official BIRP PA list. The com- NHSs. The monitoring is regionally based and bird clubs have or will be establishing co- plete PA list can be accessed on the BIRP website at www.aviandemographyunit.org. ordinators for this programme. Please contact the ADU or your nearest BLSA branch for further details. Please remember that BIRP is interested in the birdlife of the NHSs them- selves, not the surrounding lands, unless these too form part of a PA. 3) Nature conservancies: Nature conservancies are groups of adjacent farms in which the landowners have collectively agreed to manage their lands so as to further the cause of nature conservation. The importance of nature conservancies to the future success of nature conservation cannot be over-estimated. Some conservancies encourage public access and have developed hiking trails and other facilities for visitors. Others are not open to the public at all. We are very keen to obtain data for conservancies. Checklists can be filled in for whole conservancies or for individual farms within a conservancy, as long as the name of the conservancy is also given. All land which falls within the con- servancy, even those parts which are intensively farmed, are of interest and should be included in your observations. 4) Game farms: Game farms obtain their income from wildlife and therefore maintain the environment in a more-or-less wild state. The trouble with many game farms is that they are not purely for game farming but combine wildlife with domestic livestock or even crop cultivation. BIRP is interested only in those farms which are specifically designated as game farms and which are entirely given over to this form of land use. Although a mixed type of farming may still make a significant contribution to nature conservation, the medium to long-term conservation status of the veld is probably too uncertain to be relevant to BIRP. Note that such mixed operations may also be part of a nature conserv- ancy (see above). In such cases the conservation aspect is probably better entrenched and therefore these conservancy farms can and should be surveyed for BIRP.
We appeal to you, the BIRP participant, to respect the rights of landowners at all times and always to obtain permission before going onto private property. www.aviandemographyunit.org 14 Birds in Reserves Project Guide Birds in Reserves Project Guide 15 www.aviandemographyunit.org WORKING OUT GRID CELLS Appendix 1: LIST OF SPECIES (Alphabetical list)
As mentioned above, grid cells are not usually of any relevance in BIRP; only in the case of The code in total comprises six digits. The first four digits represent the species code, the the following large PAs which exceed 50 000 ha does one need to refer to grid cells: fifth digit represents the computer check digit and the sixth digit is the status code that you as the observer have to indicate. When writing an additional species on your checklist, please Baviaanskloof Wilderness Area, Hluhluwe-Umfolozi Game Reserve, Greater St Lucia be sure to give all five digits followed by a single status code (see pages 7–9). Wetland Park, Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park (formerly Kalahari Gemsbok National Park), Kruger National Park, Ukhuhlamba-Drakensberg Park (formerly Natal-Drakensberg Park), Richtersveld National Park, Cederberg Wilderness Area, Groot Swartberg State Abdim’s Stork 00788 African Reed-Warbler 06065 Forest, Sabi Sand Game Reserve but not Pilanesberg. These PAs are divided along QDGC Acacia Pied Barbet 04329 African Rock Pipit 06970 boundaries and each section is treated as if it were a separate PA. Each piece is given the African Barred Owlet 03663 African Sacred Ibis 00816 African Black Duck 00956 African Scops-Owl 03636 name of the area plus the QDGC code. (See list of PAs). African Black Oystercatcher 02316 African Skimmer 03062 Please remember to quote the QDGC (quarter-degree grid cell) code! The Ukhuhlamba- African Black Swift 03806 African Snipe 02509 Drakensberg Park is made up of a number of separate reserves; these should all be covered African Broadbill 04546 African Spoonbill 00859 separately. African Citril 09733 African Stonechat 05763 A QDGC corresponds to the area shown on a 1:50 000 map which covers an area 15 African Crake 01995 African Wattled Lapwing 02476 African Crowned Eagle 01438 African Wood-Owl 03627 minutes of latitude by 15 minutes of longitude and is approximately 27 km long (north to African Cuckoo 03419 African Yellow White-eye 07776 south) by 23 km wide (east to west). These cells are determined on a large-scale map (such African Cuckoo Hawk 01279 Agulhas Clapper Lark 35508 as 1: 250 000) by drawing lines across the map at 15-minute intervals with a long ruler and African Darter 00523 Agulhas Long-billed Lark 41234 a pencil. The degrees and minutes are clearly indicated in the margins. African Dusky Flycatcher 06552 Allen’s Gallinule 02098 Having found your position on the map within a QDGC, you need to work out the code African Emerald Cuckoo 03504 Alpine Swift 03868 of that cell. The code consists of four digits and two letters (e.g. 2830CB) and is easily worked African Finfoot 02134 American Golden Plover 09220 out as follows: African Firefinch 08336 American Purple Gallinule 08937 African Fish-Eagle 01492 Amethyst Sunbird 07721 1) Each full-degree cell (1 degree lat. × 1 degree African Golden Oriole 05200 Amur Falcon 01193 Anchieta’s Tchagra 07161 long.) is designated by the values of latitude and African Goshawk 01603 African Grass-Owl 03601 Angola Swallow 04944 longitude of the NW corner (i.e. top lefthand cor- African Green-Pigeon 03230 Antarctic Petrel 08773 ner). In the example this is 2830. African Grey Hornbill 04242 Antarctic Prion 00227 2) Each degree cell is divided into four half-degree African Harrier-Hawk 01710 Antarctic Tern 02929 grid cells (HDGCs) measuring 30' × 30'. These African Hawk-Eagle 01417 Anteating Chat 05758 are designated by one letter added to the four African Hobby 01162 Arctic Tern 02940 digits of the degree-cell code (e.g. 2830C), as African Hoopoe 04181 Arnot’s Chat 05742 indicated in the sketch. African Jacana 02288 Arrow-marked Babbler 05339 3) Each HDGC is again divided into quarters at 15' African Marsh-Harrier 01672 Ashy Flycatcher 06569 intervals to give four quarter-degree grid cells African Mourning Dove 03156 Ashy Tit 05146 (QDGCs) each measuring 15' × 15'. These are African Olive-Pigeon 03125 Atlantic Petrel 00181 African Openbill 00743 Atlantic Yellow-nosed Albatross 00109 designated by a second letter added to the four digits and one letter of the HDGCs, as African Palm-Swift 03875 Augur Buzzard 01536 indicated in the sketch. The shaded QDGC in the sketch has the code 2830CB. African Paradise-Flycatcher 06825 Australian Gannet 00434 African Penguin 00027 Ayres’s Hawk-Eagle 01404 African Pied Wagtail 06856 Baillon’s Crake 02023 Thank you for reading these instructions, African Pipit 06927 Baird’s Sandpiper 02524 African Pitta 04554 Balearic Shearwater 22529 thank you for sending in your data, and enjoy African Purple Swamphen 02080 Banded Martin 05105 your participation in BIRP! African Pygmy-Goose 00925 Bank Cormorant 00496 African Pygmy-Kingfisher 03981 Bare-cheeked Babbler 05372 African Quailfinch 08447 Barlow’s Lark 10377 African Rail 01976 Barn Owl 03592 African Red-eyed Bulbul 05445 Barn Swallow 04939 www.aviandemographyunit.org 16 Birds in Reserves Project Guide Birds in Reserves Project Guide 17 www.aviandemographyunit.org Barratt’s Warbler 06106 Blacksmith Lapwing 02452 Burchell’s Coucal 41310 Chirping Cisticola 09157 Barred Long-tailed Cuckoo 09234 Black-tailed Godwit 02653 Burchell’s Courser 02760 Chorister Robin-Chat 05789 Barred Warbler 06051 Black-throated Canary 08605 Burchell’s Sandgrouse 03085 Chukar Partridge 09807 Barred Wren-Warbler 06147 Black-throated Wattle-eye 06774 Burchell’s Starling 07439 Cinderella Waxbill 09208 Bar-tailed Godwit 02668 Black-winged Bishop 08097 Burnt-necked Eremomela 06013 Cinnamon-breasted Bunting 08729 Bar-throated Apalis 06229 Black-winged Lapwing 02430 Bush Blackcap 05424 Cinnamon-breasted Warbler 06131 Basra Reed-Warbler 09494 Black-winged Pratincole 02827 Bushveld Pipit 06994 Citrine Wagtail 10536 Bat Hawk 01313 Black-winged Stilt 02703 Cabanis’s Bunting 08755 Cloud Cisticola 06319 Bateleur 01515 Blue Crane 02165 Cape Batis 06728 Collared Flycatcher 09171 Bearded Scrub-Robin 05855 Blue Korhaan 02235 Cape Bulbul 05433 Collared Palm-Thrush 05935 Bearded Vulture 01501 Blue Petrel 00201 Cape Bunting 08738 Collared Pratincole 02815 Bearded Woodpecker 04511 Blue Quail 01914 Cape Canary 08577 Collared Sunbird 07714 Benguela Long-billed Lark 41249 Blue Swallow 04972 Cape Clapper Lark 41401 Comb Duck 00918 Bennett’s Woodpecker 04465 Blue Waxbill 08394 Cape Cormorant 00482 Common Black-headed Gull 09331 Black Coucal 03538 Blue-cheeked Bee-eater 04053 Cape Crow 05237 Common Chaffinch 08704 Black Crake 02032 Blue-mantled Crested-Flycatcher 06803 Cape Eagle-Owl 03670 Common Cuckoo 03402 Black Cuckoo 03443 Blue-spotted Wood-Dove 03207 Cape Gannet 00449 Common Fiscal 07070 Black Cuckooshrike 05132 Böhm’s Bee-eater 04084 Cape Glossy Starling 07378 Common Greenshank 02631 Black Harrier 01691 Böhm’s Spinetail 03899 Cape Grassbird 06184 Common House-Martin 05076 Black Heron 00648 Bokmakierie 07222 Cape Long-billed Lark 41251 Common Moorhen 02108 Black Kite 01280 Booted Eagle 01396 Cape Longclaw 07036 Common Myna 07345 Black Saw-wing 05111 Botha’s Lark 04726 Cape Parrot 41322 Common Ostrich 00015 Black Sparrowhawk 01594 Boulder Chat 05387 Cape Penduline-Tit 05318 Common Peacock 10211 Black Stork 00790 Bradfield’s Hornbill 04289 Cape Robin-Chat 05817 Common Quail 01897 Black Tern 09038 Bradfield’s Swift 03810 Cape Rock-jumper 05409 Common Redshank 02610 Black-and-white Flycatcher 06678 Bridled Tern 09368 Cape Rock-Thrush 05599 Common Redstart 10043 Black-backed Puffback 07129 Brimstone Canary 08632 Cape Shoveler 00944 Common Ringed Plover 02337 Black-bellied Bustard 02271 Broad-billed Prion 00215 Cape Siskin 08551 Common Sandpiper 02581 Black-bellied Starling 07403 Broad-billed Roller 04166 Cape Sparrow 07867 Common Scimitarbill 04215 Black-bellied Storm-Petrel 00361 Broad-billed Sandpiper 09814 Cape Spurfowl 01812 Common Starling 07333 Black-browed Albatross 00089 Broad-tailed Paradise-Whydah 08534 Cape Sugarbird 07491 Common Swift 03782 Blackcap 09693 Broad-tailed Warbler 06168 Cape Teal 00987 Common Tern 02917 Black-cheeked Lovebird 03311 Bronze Mannikin 08239 Cape Turtle-Dove 03160 Common Waxbill 08431 Black-chested Prinia 06507 Bronze-winged Courser 02801 Cape Vulture 01064 Common Whimbrel 02684 Black-chested Snake-Eagle 01461 Bronzy Sunbird 07528 Cape Wagtail 06860 Common Whitethroat 05943 Black-collared Barbet 04317 Brown Booby 00465 Cape Weaver 07996 Copper Sunbird 07541 Black-crowned Night-Heron 00695 Brown Firefinch 08363 Cape White-eye 11721 Coppery-tailed Coucal 03540 Black-crowned Tchagra 07155 Brown Noddy 03037 Capped Wheatear 05682 Coqui Francolin 01731 Black-eared Seedeater 08680 Brown Scrub-Robin 05840 Cardinal Woodpecker 04505 Corn Crake 01983 Black-eared Sparrowlark 04862 Brown Snake-Eagle 01455 Carp’s Tit 05285 Cory’s Shearwater 00263 Black-faced Babbler 05344 Brown-backed Honeybird 04434 Caspian Plover 02407 Crab Plover 02739 Black-faced Waxbill 08410 Brown-crowned Tchagra 07140 Caspian Tern 02904 Crested Barbet 04392 Black-fronted Bush-Shrike 07206 Brown-headed Parrot 03283 Cattle Egret 00614 Crested Francolin 01747 Black-headed Apalis 06238 Brown-hooded Kingfisher 04022 Chat Flycatcher 06633 Crested Guineafowl 01930 Black-headed Canary 08611 Brown-throated Martin 05095 Chatham Albatross 22561 Crimson-breasted Shrike 07117 Black-headed Heron 00554 Brubru 07312 Chestnut Weaver 07965 Croaking Cisticola 06479 Black-headed Oriole 05216 Buff-breasted Sandpiper 09265 Chestnut-backed Sparrowlark 04841 Crowned Cormorant 00511 Black-legged Kittiwake 09251 Buff-spotted Flufftail 02067 Chestnut-banded Plover 02362 Crowned Hornbill 04270 Black-naped Tern 09375 Buff-streaked Chat 05696 Chestnut-fronted Helmet-Shrike 07299 Crowned Lapwing 02421 Black-necked Grebe 00058 Buffy Pipit 06958 Chestnut-vented Tit-Babbler 06583 Cuckoo Finch 08549 Black-rumped Buttonquail 41282 Bulwer’s Petrel 09946 Chinspot Batis 06737 Curlew Sandpiper 02512 Black-shouldered Kite 01308 Burchell’s Coucal 03561 Chirinda Apalis 09277 Cut-throat Finch 08218 www.aviandemographyunit.org 18 Birds in Reserves Project Guide Birds in Reserves Project Guide 19 www.aviandemographyunit.org Damara Hornbill 11854 Fiscal Flycatcher 06650 Green-backed Woodpecker 04496 Indian Yellow-nosed Albatross 10799 Damara Tern 03000 Flappet Lark 04683 Green-capped Eremomela 06020 Jackal Buzzard 01527 Dark Chanting Goshawk 01639 Flesh-footed Shearwater 08819 Green-headed Oriole 09092 Jacobin Cuckoo 03488 Dark-backed Weaver 07908 Forest Buzzard 01558 Green-winged Pytilia 08301 Jameson’s Firefinch 08358 Dark-capped Bulbul 05450 Forest Canary 08582 Grey Crowned Crane 02149 Kalahari Scrub-Robin 05861 Dark-capped Yellow Warbler 06666 Fork-tailed Drongo 05179 Grey Cuckooshrike 05167 Karoo Chat 05665 Denham’s Bustard 02196 Franklin’s Gull 09322 Grey Go-away-bird 03398 Karoo Eremomela 06261 Desert Cisticola 06302 Freckled Nightjar 03749 Grey Heron 00546 Karoo Korhaan 02202 Dickinson’s Kestrel 01211 Fulvous Duck 01019 Grey Kestrel 08890 Karoo Lark 04614 Diderick Cuckoo 03529 Gabar Goshawk 01625 Grey Penduline-Tit 05303 Karoo Long-billed Lark 41277 Domestic Duck 10006 Garden Warbler 05957 Grey Petrel 00242 Karoo Prinia 41399 Domestic Goose 10004 Garganey 08857 Grey Plover 02414 Karoo Scrub-Robin 05838 Double-banded Courser 02787 Giant Kingfisher 03950 Grey Sunbird 07657 Karoo Thrush 11042 Double-banded Sandgrouse 03103 Glossy Ibis 00837 Grey Tit 05259 Kelp Gull 02870 Drakensberg Prinia 10492 Golden Pipit 07027 Grey Tit-Flycatcher 06576 Kentish Plover 20020 Drakensberg Rock-jumper 10382 Golden Weaver 08012 Grey Wagtail 06901 Kerguelen Petrel 09503 Drakensberg Siskin 08565 Golden-breasted Bunting 08740 Grey Waxbill 08422 Kimberley Pipit 37061 Dune Lark 04800 Golden-tailed Woodpecker 04477 Grey-backed Camaroptera 06286 King Penguin 09876 Dunlin 08962 Goliath Heron 00567 Grey-backed Cisticola 06388 Kittlitz’s Plover 02374 Dusky Indigobird 08499 Gorgeous Bush-Shrike 07210 Grey-backed Sparrowlark 04859 Klaas’s Cuckoo 03517 Dusky Lark 04648 Gray’s Lark 04837 Grey-headed Albatross 00094 Knysna Turaco 41331 Dusky Sunbird 07643 Great Crested Grebe 00042 Grey-headed Bush-Shrike 07231 Knysna Warbler 06110 Dwarf Bittern 00669 Great Knot 19808 Grey-headed Gull 02889 Knysna Woodpecker 04482 East Coast Akalat 05919 Great Reed-Warbler 06034 Grey-headed Kingfisher 04010 Kori Bustard 02177 Eastern Bronze-naped Pigeon 03139 Great Shearwater 00258 Grey-headed Parrot 16508 Kurrichane Buttonquail 01969 Eastern Clapper Lark 11832 Great Snipe 02495 Grey-rumped Swallow 04991 Kurrichane Thrush 05522 Eastern Long-billed Lark 41265 Great Sparrow 07854 Grey-winged Francolin 01768 Lanner Falcon 01141 Eastern Nicator 07253 Great Spotted Cuckoo 03464 Ground Woodpecker 04451 Lappet-faced Vulture 01088 Eastern Saw-wing 05123 Great White Egret 00580 Groundscraper Thrush 05575 Large-billed Lark 04630 Egyptian Goose 00893 Great White Pelican 00420 Gull-billed Tern 09029 Lark-like Bunting 08717 Egyptian Vulture 01116 Greater Blue-eared Starling 07381 Gurney’s Sugarbird 07500 Laughing Dove 03172 Elegant Tern 41436 Greater Double-collared Sunbird 07585 Hadeda Ibis 00841 Layard’s Tit-Babbler 06595 Eleonora’s Falcon 09923 Greater Flamingo 00862 Half-collared Kingfisher 03966 Laysan Albatross 10128 Emerald-spotted Wood-Dove 03214 Greater Frigatebird 00532 Hamerkop 00726 Lazy Cisticola 06480 Eurasian Bittern 00719 Greater Honeyguide 04408 Harlequin Quail 01907 Leach’s Storm-Petrel 00317 Eurasian Curlew 02675 Greater Kestrel 01223 Hartlaub’s Babbler 05356 Lemon Dove 03221 Eurasian Golden Oriole 05198 Greater Painted-snipe 02300 Hartlaub’s Gull 02894 Lemon-breasted Canary 09213 Eurasian Hobby 01159 Greater Sand Plover 02393 Hartlaub’s Spurfowl 01845 Lesser black-backed Gull 41368 Eurasian Oystercatcher 08941 Greater Sheathbill 08646 Helmeted Guineafowl 01921 Lesser Crested Tern 02973 Eurasian Reed-Warbler 09119 Greater Striped Swallow 05021 Herero Chat 06609 Lesser Cuckoo 41306 European Bee-eater 04047 Greater Swamp-Warbler 09126 Herring Gull 09310 Lesser Flamingo 00874 European Honey-Buzzard 01320 Greater Yellowlegs 10088 Heuglin’s Gull 20423 Lesser Grey Shrike 07063 European Nightjar 03713 Great-winged Petrel 00166 Hooded Vulture 01100 Lesser Honeyguide 04420 European Roller 04124 Green Barbet 04355 Horus Swift 03847 Lesser Jacana 02290 European Storm-Petrel 00304 Green Malkoha 03586 Hottentot Buttonquail 13463 Lesser Kestrel 01254 European Turtle-Dove 10057 Green Sandpiper 02597 Hottentot Teal 00991 Lesser Masked-Weaver 07920 Fairy Flycatcher 06785 Green Tinkerbird 09055 House Crow 09895 Lesser Moorhen 02113 Fairy Prion 08792 Green Twinspot 08272 House Sparrow 07846 Lesser Noddy 09399 Familiar Chat 05701 Green Wood-Hoopoe 04197 Hudsonian Godwit 10090 Lesser Sand Plover 02341 Fan-tailed Widowbird 08169 Green-backed Camaroptera 06273 Hybrid Duck 10005 Lesser Seedcracker 08195 Fawn-coloured Lark 04598 Green-backed Heron 00630 Hybrid Pochard 09781 Lesser Spotted Eagle 01365 Fiery-necked Nightjar 03734 Green-backed Honeybird 04449 Icterine Warbler 05964 Lesser Striped Swallow 05030 www.aviandemographyunit.org 20 Birds in Reserves Project Guide Birds in Reserves Project Guide 21 www.aviandemographyunit.org Lesser Swamp-Warbler 06049 Marsh Warbler 06077 Pacific Golden Plover 10396 Red-capped Lark 04885 Lesser Yellowlegs 10141 Martial Eagle 01429 Pale Batis 06759 Red-capped Robin-Chat 05794 Levaillant’s Cisticola 06467 Mascarene Martin 09086 Pale Flycatcher 06624 Red-chested Cuckoo 03435 Levaillant’s Cuckoo 03471 Masked Booby 00451 Pale-crowned Cisticola 06357 Red-chested Flufftail 02054 Light-mantled Albatross 08761 Melodious Lark 04567 Pale-winged Starling 07444 Red-collared Widowbird 08130 Lilac-breasted Roller 04133 Meves’s Starling 07425 Pallid Harrier 01687 Red-crested Korhaan 02243 Lilian’s Lovebird 03323 Meyer’s Parrot 03276 Pallid Honeyguide 09061 Red-crested Pochard 13322 Little Bee-eater 04109 Miombo Blue-eared Starling 07397 Pallid Swift 03796 Red-eyed Dove 03144 Little Bittern 00676 Miombo Double-collared Sunbird 07593 Palm-nut Vulture 01128 Red-faced Cisticola 06446 Little Blue Heron 10159 Miombo Rock-Thrush 05620 Parasitic Jaeger 02842 Red-faced Crimsonwing 08287 Little Egret 00598 Miombo Tit 05262 Pearl-breasted Swallow 04987 Red-faced Crombec 09135 Little Grebe 00063 Mocking Cliff-Chat 05736 Pearl-spotted Owlet 03658 Red-faced Mousebird 03924 Little Rush-Warbler 06096 Monotonous Lark 04579 Pectoral Sandpiper 08959 Red-footed Falcon 01205 Little Shearwater 00270 Montagu’s Harrier 01706 Pel’s Fishing-Owl 03708 Red-fronted Tinkerbird 04361 Little Sparrowhawk 01589 Monteiro’s Hornbill 04294 Pennant-winged Nightjar 03777 Red-headed Finch 08203 Little Stint 02533 Mosque Swallow 05007 Peregrine Falcon 01137 Red-headed Quelea 08066 Little Swift 03853 Mottled Spinetail 03884 Pied Avocet 02699 Red-headed Weaver 07934 Little Tern 02992 Mottled Swift 03822 Pied Crow 05228 Red-knobbed Coot 02120 Livingstone’s Flycatcher 06793 Mountain Pipit 09282 Pied Kingfisher 03945 Red-necked Falcon 01174 Livingstone’s Turaco 17103 Mountain Wagtail 06887 Pied Starling 07460 Red-necked Phalarope 02725 Lizard Buzzard 01440 Mountain Wheatear 05649 Pink-backed Pelican 00413 Red-necked Spurfowl 01881 Locustfinch 08453 Moustached Grass-Warbler 06175 Pink-billed Lark 04903 Red-necked Stint 08974 Long-billed Crombec 06217 Muscovy Duck 10003 Pink-throated Twinspot 08315 Red-rumped Swallow 09628 Long-billed Pipit 06936 Namaqua Dove 03187 Pintado Petrel 00145 Red-tailed Tropicbird 00392 Long-crested Eagle 01382 Namaqua Sandgrouse 03074 Pin-tailed Whydah 08468 Red-throated Pipit 10280 Long-legged Buzzard 09797 Namaqua Warbler 06530 Plain-backed Pipit 06942 Red-throated Twinspot 08327 Long-tailed Jaeger 09306 Narina Trogon 03933 Plain-backed Sunbird 07690 Red-throated Wryneck 04532 Long-tailed Paradise-Whydah 08520 Natal Spurfowl 01833 Pomarine Jaeger 02858 Red-winged Francolin 01784 Long-tailed Pipit 10594 Neddicky 06371 Pririt Batis 06741 Red-winged Starling 07456 Long-tailed Widowbird 08183 Neergaard’s Sunbird 07619 Protea Seedeater 08698 Red-winged Warbler 06204 Long-toed Lapwing 02483 Northern Black Korhaan 10351 Purple Heron 00579 Reed Cormorant 00505 Long-toed Stint 09724 Northern Giant-Petrel 09848 Purple Indigobird 08508 Retz’s Helmet-Shrike 07284 Luapula Cisticola 31380 Northern Grey-headed Sparrow 38523 Purple Roller 04150 River Warbler 05988 Ludwig’s Bustard 02182 Northern Pintail 08864 Purple-banded Sunbird 07562 Roberts’s Warbler 09164 Macaroni Penguin 09830 Northern Royal Albatross 22305 Purple-crested Turaco 03379 Rock Dove 09401 Maccoa Duck 01035 Northern Shoveler 00939 Pygmy Falcon 01267 Rock Kestrel 01232 Madagascar Bee-eater 04068 Northern Wheatear 05634 Racket-tailed Roller 04145 Rock Martin 05069 Madagascar Cuckoo 16203 Olive Bush-Shrike 07173 Rattling Cisticola 06423 Rock Pratincole 02836 Magpie Mannikin 08225 Olive Sunbird 07664 Red Knot 02545 Rockhopper Penguin 00036 Magpie Shrike 07247 Olive Thrush 11058 Red Lark 04790 Rockrunner 05391 Malachite Kingfisher 03978 Olive Woodpecker 04523 Red Phalarope 02718 Roseate Tern 02938 Malachite Sunbird 07516 Olive-headed Weaver 09190 Red-backed Mannikin 08244 Rose-ringed Parakeet 09415 Malagasy Pond-Heron 08835 Olive-tree Warbler 05971 Red-backed Shrike 07089 Ross’s Turaco 09427 Mallard 10162 Orange Ground-Thrush 05568 Red-billed Buffalo-Weaver 07795 Rosy-faced Lovebird 03305 Mandarin Duck 10174 Orange River Francolin 01799 Red-billed Firefinch 08370 Rosy-throated Longclaw 07058 Mangrove Kingfisher 04006 Orange River White-eye 11714 Red-billed Hornbill 41296 Royal Tern 09353 Manx Shearwater 08826 Orange-breasted Bush-Shrike 07192 Red-billed Oxpecker 07487 Rudd’s Apalis 06240 Marabou Stork 00735 Orange-breasted Sunbird 07537 Red-billed Quelea 08050 Rudd’s Lark 04735 Marico Flycatcher 06612 Orange-breasted Waxbill 08389 Red-billed Spurfowl 01824 Ruddy Turnstone 02328 Marico Sunbird 07559 Orange-winged Pytilia 08291 Red-billed Teal 00972 Ruff 02566 Marsh Owl 03615 Osprey 01722 Red-breasted Swallow 05014 Rufous-bellied Heron 00652 Marsh Sandpiper 02622 Ovambo Sparrowhawk 01570 Red-capped Crombec 09143 Rufous-bellied Tit 05293 www.aviandemographyunit.org 22 Birds in Reserves Project Guide Birds in Reserves Project Guide 23 www.aviandemographyunit.org Rufous-cheeked Nightjar 03720 Southern Bald Ibis 00828 Striped Kingfisher 04031 Western Violet-backed Sunbird 07707 Rufous-chested Sparrowhawk 01563 Southern Banded Snake-Eagle 01473 Striped Pipit 06963 Whinchat 05770 Rufous-eared Warbler 06199 Southern Black Flycatcher 06645 Subantarctic Skua 02863 Whiskered Tern 03059 Rufous-naped Lark 04580 Southern Black Korhaan 41347 Swainson’s Spurfowl 01850 White Stork 00800 Rufous-tailed Palm-Thrush 09102 Southern Black Tit 05274 Swallow-tailed Bee-eater 04112 White-backed Duck 01043 Rufous-winged Cisticola 41384 Southern Boubou 07094 Swamp Boubou 07104 White-backed Mousebird 03912 Rüppell’s Korhaan 02219 Southern Brown-throated Weaver 08024 Swamp Nightjar 03751 White-backed Night-Heron 00702 Ruppell’s Parrot 03295 Southern Carmine Bee-eater 04075 Swee Waxbill 08256 White-backed Vulture 01071 Sabine’s Gull 09017 Southern Double-collared Sunbird 07602 Swift Tern 02986 White-bellied Korhaan 02226 Sabota Lark 04607 Southern Fulmar 00150 Swynnerton’s Robin 05902 White-bellied Storm-Petrel 00373 Saddle-billed Stork 00757 Southern Giant-Petrel 00133 Taita Falcon 08871 White-bellied Sunbird 07635 Salvin’s Albatross 10812 Southern Grey-headed Sparrow 41427 Tambourine Dove 03191 White-breasted Cormorant 00477 Sand Martin 05083 Southern Ground-Hornbill 04304 Tawny Eagle 01349 White-breasted Cuckooshrike 05154 Sanderling 02550 Southern Hyliota 06681 Tawny-flanked Prinia 06498 White-browed Coucal 10365 Sandwich Tern 02961 Southern Masked-Weaver 08033 Temminck’s Courser 02772 White-browed Robin-Chat 05804 Scaly-feathered Finch 07898 Southern Pale Chanting Goshawk 01656 Temminck’s Stint 09852 White-browed Scrub-Robin 05886 Scaly-throated Honeyguide 04413 Southern Pied Babbler 05360 Terek Sandpiper 02578 White-browed Sparrow-Weaver 07805 Scarce Swift 09040 Southern Pochard 01026 Terrestrial Brownbul 05466 White-cheeked Tern 09384 Scarlet-chested Sunbird 07748 Southern Red Bishop 08081 Thick-billed Cuckoo 03457 White-chested Alethe 09463 Schalow’s Turaco 03380 Southern Royal Albatross 09249 Thick-billed Weaver 08045 White-chinned Petrel 10396 Sclater’s Lark 04918 Southern Tchagra 07138 Three-banded Courser 02791 White-chinned Petrel 41375 Secretarybird 01057 Southern White-crowned Shrike 07309 Three-banded Plover 02385 White-crested Helmet-Shrike 07275 Sedge Warbler 06082 Southern White-faced Scops-Owl 03642 Thrush Nightingale 05926 White-crowned Lapwing 02469 Senegal Coucal 03555 Southern Yellow-billed Hornbill 04263 Tinkling Cisticola 06411 White-eared Barbet 04338 Senegal Lapwing 02448 Souza’s Shrike 09188 Tiny Greenbul 05481 White-faced Duck 01002 Sentinel Rock-Thrush 05608 Speckled Mousebird 03909 Tractrac Chat 05715 White-fronted Bee-eater 04099 Shaft-tailed Whydah 08475 Speckled Pigeon 03118 Tree Pipit 06989 White-fronted Plover 02359 Sharp-tailed Starling 07418 Speckle-throated Woodpecker 09073 Tristan Albatross 10809 White-headed Petrel 08623 Shelley’s Francolin 01775 Spectacled Petrel 22402 Tropical Boubou 09778 White-headed Vulture 01090 Shelley’s Sunbird 07574 Spectacled Weaver 07913 Tropical Shearwater 00289 White-necked Raven 05241 Shikra 01618 Spike-heeled Lark 04743 Trumpeter Hornbill 04227 White-rumped Sandpiper 09979 Short-clawed Lark 04652 Spotted Crake 02011 Tufted Duck 12987 White-rumped Swift 03831 Short-tailed Pipit 07001 Spotted Creeper 05325 Twinspot Indigobird 10002 White-starred Robin 05892 Short-toed Rock-Thrush 05613 Spotted Eagle-Owl 03689 Variable Sunbird 07626 White-tailed Crested Flycatcher 06818 Short-winged Cisticola 06364 Spotted Flycatcher 06548 Verreaux’s Eagle 01334 White-tailed Shrike 07268 Shy Albatross 00112 Spotted Ground-Thrush 05584 Verreaux’s Eagle-Owl 03694 White-tailed Tropicbird 00408 Sickle-winged Chat 05727 Spotted Redshank 02606 Victorin’s Warbler 06122 White-throated Bee-eater 10349 Silvery-cheeked Hornbill 04236 Spotted Thick-knee 02756 Village Indigobird 08513 White-throated Canary 08654 Singing Cisticola 06432 Spur-winged Goose 00885 Village Weaver 07977 White-throated Robin-Chat 05829 Slaty Egret 09821 Squacco Heron 00621 Violet Wood-Hoopoe 04201 White-throated Swallow 04956 Slender-billed Gull 10784 Square-tailed Drongo 05180 Violet-backed Starling 07366 White-winged Flufftail 02046 Slender-billed Prion 08802 Square-tailed Nightjar 03765 Violet-eared Waxbill 08406 White-winged Tern 03041 Sociable Weaver 07832 Stark’s Lark 04925 Wahlberg’s Eagle 01377 White-winged Widowbird 08148 Soft-plumaged Petrel 00197 Steppe Buzzard 01542 Wailing Cisticola 06390 Whyte’s Barbet 04340 Sombre Greenbul 05510 Steppe Eagle 01351 Wandering Albatross 00070 Willow Warbler 05990 Sooty Albatross 00124 Stierling’s Woodpecker 04178 Water Thick-knee 02744 Wilson’s Phalarope 09296 Sooty Falcon 08888 Stierling’s Wren-Warbler 06153 Wattled Crane 02151 Wilson’s Storm-Petrel 00338 Sooty Shearwater 00294 Streaky-breasted Flufftail 08928 Wattled Starling 07350 Wing-snapping Cisticola 06343 Sooty Tern 02955 Streaky-headed Seedeater 08679 Wedge-tailed Shearwater 01809 Wire-tailed Swallow 04960 South African Cliff-Swallow 05048 Stripe-cheeked Greenbul 05497 Western Banded Snake-Eagle 01486 Wood Pipit 06915 South African Shelduck 00903 Striped Crake 02005 Western Marsh-Harrier 01660 Wood Sandpiper 02647 South Polar Skua 09905 Striped Flufftail 02079 Western Reef Heron 21902 Woodland Kingfisher 03997 www.aviandemographyunit.org 24 Birds in Reserves Project Guide Birds in Reserves Project Guide 25 www.aviandemographyunit.org Woodwards’ Barbet 41445 Yellow-billed Stork 00764 Appendix 2: LIST OF SPECIES (Numerically arranged) Woodward’s Batis 06762 Yellow-breasted Apalis 06255 Woolly-necked Stork 00771 Yellow-breasted Pipit 07015 The code in total comprises six digits. The first four digits represent the species code, the Yellow Bishop 08107 Yellow-crowned Bishop 08121 fifth digit represents the computer check digit and the sixth digit is the status code that you Yellow Canary 08667 Yellow-fronted Canary 08596 as the observer have to indicate. When writing an additional species on your checklist, please Yellow Wagtail 06891 Yellow-fronted Tinkerbird 04373 Yellow Weaver 08009 Yellow-mantled Widowbird 08152 be sure to give all five digits followed by a single status code (see pages 7–9). Yellow-bellied Eremomela 06008 Yellow-rumped Tinkerbird 04386 Yellow-bellied Greenbul 05506 Yellow-streaked Greenbul 05478 Common Ostrich 00015 Crowned Cormorant 00511 Yellow-bellied Hyliota 06700 Yellow-throated Longclaw 07042 African Penguin 00027 African Darter 00523 Yellow-bellied Waxbill 08260 Yellow-throated Petronia 07880 Rockhopper Penguin 00036 Greater Frigatebird 00532 Yellow-billed Duck 00960 Yellow-throated Sandgrouse 03093 Great Crested Grebe 00042 Grey Heron 00546 Yellow-billed Egret 00607 Yellow-throated Woodland-Warbler 06716 Black-necked Grebe 00058 Black-headed Heron 00554 Yellow-billed Kite 01298 Zitting Cisticola 06292 Little Grebe 00063 Goliath Heron 00567 Yellow-billed Oxpecker 07472 Wandering Albatross 00070 Purple Heron 00579 Black-browed Albatross 00089 Great White Egret 00580 Grey-headed Albatross 00094 Little Egret 00598 Atlantic Yellow-nosed Albatross 00109 Yellow-billed Egret 00607 Shy Albatross 00112 Cattle Egret 00614 Sooty Albatross 00124 Squacco Heron 00621 Southern Giant-Petrel 00133 Green-backed Heron 00630 Pintado Petrel 00145 Black Heron 00648 Southern Fulmar 00150 Rufous-bellied Heron 00652 Great-winged Petrel 00166 Dwarf Bittern 00669 Atlantic Petrel 00181 Little Bittern 00676 Soft-plumaged Petrel 00197 Black-crowned Night-Heron 00695 Blue Petrel 00201 White-backed Night-Heron 00702 Broad-billed Prion 00215 Eurasian Bittern 00719 Antarctic Prion 00227 Hamerkop 00726 Grey Petrel 00242 Marabou Stork 00735 Great Shearwater 00258 African Openbill 00743 Cory’s Shearwater 00263 Saddle-billed Stork 00757 Little Shearwater 00270 Yellow-billed Stork 00764 Tropical Shearwater 00289 Woolly-necked Stork 00771 Sooty Shearwater 00294 Abdim’s Stork 00788 European Storm-Petrel 00304 Black Stork 00790 Leach’s Storm-Petrel 00317 White Stork 00800 Wilson’s Storm-Petrel 00338 African Sacred Ibis 00816 Black-bellied Storm-Petrel 00361 Southern Bald Ibis 00828 White-bellied Storm-Petrel 00373 Glossy Ibis 00837 Red-tailed Tropicbird 00392 Hadeda Ibis 00841 White-tailed Tropicbird 00408 African Spoonbill 00859 Pink-backed Pelican 00413 Greater Flamingo 00862 Great White Pelican 00420 Lesser Flamingo 00874 Australian Gannet 00434 Spur-winged Goose 00885 Cape Gannet 00449 Egyptian Goose 00893 Masked Booby 00451 South African Shelduck 00903 Brown Booby 00465 Comb Duck 00918 White-breasted Cormorant 00477 African Pygmy-Goose 00925 Cape Cormorant 00482 Northern Shoveler 00939 Bank Cormorant 00496 Cape Shoveler 00944 Reed Cormorant 00505 African Black Duck 00956 www.aviandemographyunit.org 26 Birds in Reserves Project Guide Birds in Reserves Project Guide 27 www.aviandemographyunit.org Yellow-billed Duck 00960 Bearded Vulture 01501 African Purple Swamphen 02080 Marsh Sandpiper 02622 Red-billed Teal 00972 Bateleur 01515 Allen’s Gallinule 02098 Common Greenshank 02631 Cape Teal 00987 Jackal Buzzard 01527 Common Moorhen 02108 Wood Sandpiper 02647 Hottentot Teal 00991 Augur Buzzard 01536 Lesser Moorhen 02113 Black-tailed Godwit 02653 White-faced Duck 01002 Steppe Buzzard 01542 Red-knobbed Coot 02120 Bar-tailed Godwit 02668 Fulvous Duck 01019 Forest Buzzard 01558 African Finfoot 02134 Eurasian Curlew 02675 Southern Pochard 01026 Rufous-chested Sparrowhawk 01563 Grey Crowned Crane 02149 Common Whimbrel 02684 Maccoa Duck 01035 Ovambo Sparrowhawk 01570 Wattled Crane 02151 Pied Avocet 02699 White-backed Duck 01043 Little Sparrowhawk 01589 Blue Crane 02165 Black-winged Stilt 02703 Secretarybird 01057 Black Sparrowhawk 01594 Kori Bustard 02177 Red Phalarope 02718 Cape Vulture 01064 African Goshawk 01603 Ludwig’s Bustard 02182 Red-necked Phalarope 02725 White-backed Vulture 01071 Shikra 01618 Denham’s Bustard 02196 Crab Plover 02739 Lappet-faced Vulture 01088 Gabar Goshawk 01625 Karoo Korhaan 02202 Water Thick-knee 02744 White-headed Vulture 01090 Dark Chanting Goshawk 01639 Rüppell’s Korhaan 02219 Spotted Thick-knee 02756 Hooded Vulture 01100 Southern Pale Chanting Goshawk 01656 White-bellied Korhaan 02226 Burchell’s Courser 02760 Egyptian Vulture 01116 Western Marsh-Harrier 01660 Blue Korhaan 02235 Temminck’s Courser 02772 Palm-nut Vulture 01128 African Marsh-Harrier 01672 Red-crested Korhaan 02243 Double-banded Courser 02787 Peregrine Falcon 01137 Pallid Harrier 01687 Black-bellied Bustard 02271 Three-banded Courser 02791 Lanner Falcon 01141 Black Harrier 01691 African Jacana 02288 Bronze-winged Courser 02801 Eurasian Hobby 01159 Montagu’s Harrier 01706 Lesser Jacana 02290 Collared Pratincole 02815 African Hobby 01162 African Harrier-Hawk 01710 Greater Painted-snipe 02300 Black-winged Pratincole 02827 Red-necked Falcon 01174 Osprey 01722 African Black Oystercatcher 02316 Rock Pratincole 02836 Amur Falcon 01193 Coqui Francolin 01731 Ruddy Turnstone 02328 Parasitic Jaeger 02842 Red-footed Falcon 01205 Crested Francolin 01747 Common Ringed Plover 02337 Pomarine Jaeger 02858 Dickinson’s Kestrel 01211 Grey-winged Francolin 01768 Lesser Sand Plover 02341 Subantarctic Skua 02863 Greater Kestrel 01223 Shelley’s Francolin 01775 White-fronted Plover 02359 Kelp Gull 02870 Rock Kestrel 01232 Red-winged Francolin 01784 Chestnut-banded Plover 02362 Grey-headed Gull 02889 Lesser Kestrel 01254 Orange River Francolin 01799 Kittlitz’s Plover 02374 Hartlaub’s Gull 02894 Pygmy Falcon 01267 Wedge-tailed Shearwater 01809 Three-banded Plover 02385 Caspian Tern 02904 African Cuckoo Hawk 01279 Cape Spurfowl 01812 Greater Sand Plover 02393 Common Tern 02917 Black Kite 01280 Red-billed Spurfowl 01824 Caspian Plover 02407 Antarctic Tern 02929 Yellow-billed Kite 01298 Natal Spurfowl 01833 Grey Plover 02414 Roseate Tern 02938 Black-shouldered Kite 01308 Hartlaub’s Spurfowl 01845 Crowned Lapwing 02421 Arctic Tern 02940 Bat Hawk 01313 Swainson’s Spurfowl 01850 Black-winged Lapwing 02430 Sooty Tern 02955 European Honey-Buzzard 01320 Red-necked Spurfowl 01881 Senegal Lapwing 02448 Sandwich Tern 02961 Verreaux’s Eagle 01334 Common Quail 01897 Blacksmith Lapwing 02452 Lesser Crested Tern 02973 Tawny Eagle 01349 Harlequin Quail 01907 White-crowned Lapwing 02469 Swift Tern 02986 Steppe Eagle 01351 Blue Quail 01914 African Wattled Lapwing 02476 Little Tern 02992 Lesser Spotted Eagle 01365 Helmeted Guineafowl 01921 Long-toed Lapwing 02483 Damara Tern 03000 Wahlberg’s Eagle 01377 Crested Guineafowl 01930 Great Snipe 02495 Brown Noddy 03037 Long-crested Eagle 01382 Kurrichane Buttonquail 01969 African Snipe 02509 White-winged Tern 03041 Booted Eagle 01396 African Rail 01976 Curlew Sandpiper 02512 Whiskered Tern 03059 Ayres’s Hawk-Eagle 01404 Corn Crake 01983 Baird’s Sandpiper 02524 African Skimmer 03062 African Hawk-Eagle 01417 African Crake 01995 Little Stint 02533 Namaqua Sandgrouse 03074 Martial Eagle 01429 Striped Crake 02005 Red Knot 02545 Burchell’s Sandgrouse 03085 African Crowned Eagle 01438 Spotted Crake 02011 Sanderling 02550 Yellow-throated Sandgrouse 03093 Lizard Buzzard 01440 Baillon’s Crake 02023 Ruff 02566 Double-banded Sandgrouse 03103 Brown Snake-Eagle 01455 Black Crake 02032 Terek Sandpiper 02578 Speckled Pigeon 03118 Black-chested Snake-Eagle 01461 White-winged Flufftail 02046 Common Sandpiper 02581 African Olive-Pigeon 03125 Southern Banded Snake-Eagle 01473 Red-chested Flufftail 02054 Green Sandpiper 02597 Eastern Bronze-naped Pigeon 03139 Western Banded Snake-Eagle 01486 Buff-spotted Flufftail 02067 Spotted Redshank 02606 Red-eyed Dove 03144 African Fish-Eagle 01492 Striped Flufftail 02079 Common Redshank 02610 African Mourning Dove 03156 www.aviandemographyunit.org 28 Birds in Reserves Project Guide Birds in Reserves Project Guide 29 www.aviandemographyunit.org Cape Turtle-Dove 03160 Common Swift 03782 Black-collared Barbet 04317 Blue Swallow 04972 Laughing Dove 03172 Pallid Swift 03796 Acacia Pied Barbet 04329 Pearl-breasted Swallow 04987 Namaqua Dove 03187 African Black Swift 03806 White-eared Barbet 04338 Grey-rumped Swallow 04991 Tambourine Dove 03191 Bradfield’s Swift 03810 Whyte’s Barbet 04340 Mosque Swallow 05007 Blue-spotted Wood-Dove 03207 Mottled Swift 03822 Green Barbet 04355 Red-breasted Swallow 05014 Emerald-spotted Wood-Dove 03214 White-rumped Swift 03831 Red-fronted Tinkerbird 04361 Greater Striped Swallow 05021 Lemon Dove 03221 Horus Swift 03847 Yellow-fronted Tinkerbird 04373 Lesser Striped Swallow 05030 African Green-Pigeon 03230 Little Swift 03853 Yellow-rumped Tinkerbird 04386 South African Cliff-Swallow 05048 Meyer’s Parrot 03276 Alpine Swift 03868 Crested Barbet 04392 Rock Martin 05069 Brown-headed Parrot 03283 African Palm-Swift 03875 Greater Honeyguide 04408 Common House-Martin 05076 Ruppell’s Parrot 03295 Mottled Spinetail 03884 Scaly-throated Honeyguide 04413 Sand Martin 05083 Rosy-faced Lovebird 03305 Böhm’s Spinetail 03899 Lesser Honeyguide 04420 Brown-throated Martin 05095 Black-cheeked Lovebird 03311 Speckled Mousebird 03909 Brown-backed Honeybird 04434 Banded Martin 05105 Lilian’s Lovebird 03323 White-backed Mousebird 03912 Green-backed Honeybird 04449 Black Saw-wing 05111 Purple-crested Turaco 03379 Red-faced Mousebird 03924 Ground Woodpecker 04451 Eastern Saw-wing 05123 Schalow’s Turaco 03380 Narina Trogon 03933 Bennett’s Woodpecker 04465 Black Cuckooshrike 05132 Grey Go-away-bird 03398 Pied Kingfisher 03945 Golden-tailed Woodpecker 04477 Ashy Tit 05146 Common Cuckoo 03402 Giant Kingfisher 03950 Knysna Woodpecker 04482 White-breasted Cuckooshrike 05154 African Cuckoo 03419 Half-collared Kingfisher 03966 Green-backed Woodpecker 04496 Grey Cuckooshrike 05167 Red-chested Cuckoo 03435 Malachite Kingfisher 03978 Cardinal Woodpecker 04505 Fork-tailed Drongo 05179 Black Cuckoo 03443 African Pygmy-Kingfisher 03981 Bearded Woodpecker 04511 Square-tailed Drongo 05180 Thick-billed Cuckoo 03457 Woodland Kingfisher 03997 Olive Woodpecker 04523 Eurasian Golden Oriole 05198 Great Spotted Cuckoo 03464 Mangrove Kingfisher 04006 Red-throated Wryneck 04532 African Golden Oriole 05200 Levaillant’s Cuckoo 03471 Grey-headed Kingfisher 04010 African Broadbill 04546 Black-headed Oriole 05216 Jacobin Cuckoo 03488 Brown-hooded Kingfisher 04022 African Pitta 04554 Pied Crow 05228 African Emerald Cuckoo 03504 Striped Kingfisher 04031 Melodious Lark 04567 Cape Crow 05237 Klaas’s Cuckoo 03517 European Bee-eater 04047 Monotonous Lark 04579 White-necked Raven 05241 Diderick Cuckoo 03529 Blue-cheeked Bee-eater 04053 Rufous-naped Lark 04580 Grey Tit 05259 Black Coucal 03538 Madagascar Bee-eater 04068 Fawn-coloured Lark 04598 Miombo Tit 05262 Coppery-tailed Coucal 03540 Southern Carmine Bee-eater 04075 Sabota Lark 04607 Southern Black Tit 05274 Senegal Coucal 03555 Böhm’s Bee-eater 04084 Karoo Lark 04614 Carp’s Tit 05285 Burchell’s Coucal 03561 White-fronted Bee-eater 04099 Large-billed Lark 04630 Rufous-bellied Tit 05293 Green Malkoha 03586 Little Bee-eater 04109 Dusky Lark 04648 Grey Penduline-Tit 05303 Barn Owl 03592 Swallow-tailed Bee-eater 04112 Short-clawed Lark 04652 Cape Penduline-Tit 05318 African Grass-Owl 03601 European Roller 04124 Flappet Lark 04683 Spotted Creeper 05325 Marsh Owl 03615 Lilac-breasted Roller 04133 Botha’s Lark 04726 Arrow-marked Babbler 05339 African Wood-Owl 03627 Racket-tailed Roller 04145 Rudd’s Lark 04735 Black-faced Babbler 05344 African Scops-Owl 03636 Purple Roller 04150 Spike-heeled Lark 04743 Hartlaub’s Babbler 05356 Southern White-faced Scops-Owl 03642 Broad-billed Roller 04166 Red Lark 04790 Southern Pied Babbler 05360 Pearl-spotted Owlet 03658 Stierling’s Woodpecker 04178 Dune Lark 04800 Bare-cheeked Babbler 05372 African Barred Owlet 03663 African Hoopoe 04181 Gray’s Lark 04837 Boulder Chat 05387 Cape Eagle-Owl 03670 Green Wood-Hoopoe 04197 Chestnut-backed Sparrowlark 04841 Rockrunner 05391 Spotted Eagle-Owl 03689 Violet Wood-Hoopoe 04201 Grey-backed Sparrowlark 04859 Cape Rock-jumper 05409 Verreaux’s Eagle-Owl 03694 Common Scimitarbill 04215 Black-eared Sparrowlark 04862 Bush Blackcap 05424 Pel’s Fishing-Owl 03708 Trumpeter Hornbill 04227 Red-capped Lark 04885 Cape Bulbul 05433 European Nightjar 03713 Silvery-cheeked Hornbill 04236 Pink-billed Lark 04903 African Red-eyed Bulbul 05445 Rufous-cheeked Nightjar 03720 African Grey Hornbill 04242 Sclater’s Lark 04918 Dark-capped Bulbul 05450 Fiery-necked Nightjar 03734 Southern Yellow-billed Hornbill 04263 Stark’s Lark 04925 Terrestrial Brownbul 05466 Freckled Nightjar 03749 Crowned Hornbill 04270 Barn Swallow 04939 Yellow-streaked Greenbul 05478 Swamp Nightjar 03751 Bradfield’s Hornbill 04289 Angola Swallow 04944 Tiny Greenbul 05481 Square-tailed Nightjar 03765 Monteiro’s Hornbill 04294 White-throated Swallow 04956 Stripe-cheeked Greenbul 05497 Pennant-winged Nightjar 03777 Southern Ground-Hornbill 04304 Wire-tailed Swallow 04960 Yellow-bellied Greenbul 05506 www.aviandemographyunit.org 30 Birds in Reserves Project Guide Birds in Reserves Project Guide 31 www.aviandemographyunit.org Sombre Greenbul 05510 Little Rush-Warbler 06096 Black-and-white Flycatcher 06678 Magpie Shrike 07247 Kurrichane Thrush 05522 Barratt’s Warbler 06106 Southern Hyliota 06681 Eastern Nicator 07253 Orange Ground-Thrush 05568 Knysna Warbler 06110 Yellow-bellied Hyliota 06700 White-tailed Shrike 07268 Groundscraper Thrush 05575 Victorin’s Warbler 06122 Yellow-throated Woodland-Warbler 06716 White-crested Helmet-Shrike 07275 Spotted Ground-Thrush 05584 Cinnamon-breasted Warbler 06131 Cape Batis 06728 Retz’s Helmet-Shrike 07284 Cape Rock-Thrush 05599 Barred Wren-Warbler 06147 Chinspot Batis 06737 Chestnut-fronted Helmet-Shrike 07299 Sentinel Rock-Thrush 05608 Stierling’s Wren-Warbler 06153 Pririt Batis 06741 Southern White-crowned Shrike 07309 Short-toed Rock-Thrush 05613 Broad-tailed Warbler 06168 Pale Batis 06759 Brubru 07312 Miombo Rock-Thrush 05620 Moustached Grass-Warbler 06175 Woodward’s Batis 06762 Common Starling 07333 Northern Wheatear 05634 Cape Grassbird 06184 Black-throated Wattle-eye 06774 Common Myna 07345 Mountain Wheatear 05649 Rufous-eared Warbler 06199 Fairy Flycatcher 06785 Wattled Starling 07350 Karoo Chat 05665 Red-winged Warbler 06204 Livingstone’s Flycatcher 06793 Violet-backed Starling 07366 Capped Wheatear 05682 Long-billed Crombec 06217 Blue-mantled Crested-Flycatcher 06803 Cape Glossy Starling 07378 Buff-streaked Chat 05696 Bar-throated Apalis 06229 White-tailed Crested Flycatcher 06818 Greater Blue-eared Starling 07381 Familiar Chat 05701 Black-headed Apalis 06238 African Paradise-Flycatcher 06825 Miombo Blue-eared Starling 07397 Tractrac Chat 05715 Rudd’s Apalis 06240 African Pied Wagtail 06856 Black-bellied Starling 07403 Sickle-winged Chat 05727 Yellow-breasted Apalis 06255 Cape Wagtail 06860 Sharp-tailed Starling 07418 Mocking Cliff-Chat 05736 Karoo Eremomela 06261 Mountain Wagtail 06887 Meves’s Starling 07425 Arnot’s Chat 05742 Green-backed Camaroptera 06273 Yellow Wagtail 06891 Burchell’s Starling 07439 Anteating Chat 05758 Grey-backed Camaroptera 06286 Grey Wagtail 06901 Pale-winged Starling 07444 African Stonechat 05763 Zitting Cisticola 06292 Wood Pipit 06915 Red-winged Starling 07456 Whinchat 05770 Desert Cisticola 06302 African Pipit 06927 Pied Starling 07460 Chorister Robin-Chat 05789 Cloud Cisticola 06319 Long-billed Pipit 06936 Yellow-billed Oxpecker 07472 Red-capped Robin-Chat 05794 Wing-snapping Cisticola 06343 Plain-backed Pipit 06942 Red-billed Oxpecker 07487 White-browed Robin-Chat 05804 Pale-crowned Cisticola 06357 Buffy Pipit 06958 Cape Sugarbird 07491 Cape Robin-Chat 05817 Short-winged Cisticola 06364 Striped Pipit 06963 Gurney’s Sugarbird 07500 White-throated Robin-Chat 05829 Neddicky 06371 African Rock Pipit 06970 Malachite Sunbird 07516 Karoo Scrub-Robin 05838 Grey-backed Cisticola 06388 Tree Pipit 06989 Bronzy Sunbird 07528 Brown Scrub-Robin 05840 Wailing Cisticola 06390 Bushveld Pipit 06994 Orange-breasted Sunbird 07537 Bearded Scrub-Robin 05855 Tinkling Cisticola 06411 Short-tailed Pipit 07001 Copper Sunbird 07541 Kalahari Scrub-Robin 05861 Rattling Cisticola 06423 Yellow-breasted Pipit 07015 Marico Sunbird 07559 White-browed Scrub-Robin 05886 Singing Cisticola 06432 Golden Pipit 07027 Purple-banded Sunbird 07562 White-starred Robin 05892 Red-faced Cisticola 06446 Cape Longclaw 07036 Shelley’s Sunbird 07574 Swynnerton’s Robin 05902 Levaillant’s Cisticola 06467 Yellow-throated Longclaw 07042 Greater Double-collared Sunbird 07585 East Coast Akalat 05919 Croaking Cisticola 06479 Rosy-throated Longclaw 07058 Miombo Double-collared Sunbird 07593 Thrush Nightingale 05926 Lazy Cisticola 06480 Lesser Grey Shrike 07063 Southern Double-collared Sunbird 07602 Collared Palm-Thrush 05935 Tawny-flanked Prinia 06498 Common Fiscal 07070 Neergaard’s Sunbird 07619 Common Whitethroat 05943 Black-chested Prinia 06507 Red-backed Shrike 07089 Variable Sunbird 07626 Garden Warbler 05957 Namaqua Warbler 06530 Southern Boubou 07094 White-bellied Sunbird 07635 Icterine Warbler 05964 Spotted Flycatcher 06548 Swamp Boubou 07104 Dusky Sunbird 07643 Olive-tree Warbler 05971 African Dusky Flycatcher 06552 Crimson-breasted Shrike 07117 Grey Sunbird 07657 River Warbler 05988 Ashy Flycatcher 06569 Black-backed Puffback 07129 Olive Sunbird 07664 Willow Warbler 05990 Grey Tit-Flycatcher 06576 Southern Tchagra 07138 Plain-backed Sunbird 07690 Yellow-bellied Eremomela 06008 Chestnut-vented Tit-Babbler 06583 Brown-crowned Tchagra 07140 Western Violet-backed Sunbird 07707 Burnt-necked Eremomela 06013 Layard’s Tit-Babbler 06595 Black-crowned Tchagra 07155 Collared Sunbird 07714 Green-capped Eremomela 06020 Herero Chat 06609 Anchieta’s Tchagra 07161 Amethyst Sunbird 07721 Great Reed-Warbler 06034 Marico Flycatcher 06612 Olive Bush-Shrike 07173 Scarlet-chested Sunbird 07748 Lesser Swamp-Warbler 06049 Pale Flycatcher 06624 Orange-breasted Bush-Shrike 07192 African Yellow White-eye 07776 Barred Warbler 06051 Chat Flycatcher 06633 Black-fronted Bush-Shrike 07206 Red-billed Buffalo-Weaver 07795 African Reed-Warbler 06065 Southern Black Flycatcher 06645 Gorgeous Bush-Shrike 07210 White-browed Sparrow-Weaver 07805 Marsh Warbler 06077 Fiscal Flycatcher 06650 Bokmakierie 07222 Sociable Weaver 07832 Sedge Warbler 06082 Dark-capped Yellow Warbler 06666 Grey-headed Bush-Shrike 07231 House Sparrow 07846 www.aviandemographyunit.org 32 Birds in Reserves Project Guide Birds in Reserves Project Guide 33 www.aviandemographyunit.org Great Sparrow 07854 Locustfinch 08453 Green Tinkerbird 09055 Temminck’s Stint 09852 Cape Sparrow 07867 Pin-tailed Whydah 08468 Pallid Honeyguide 09061 King Penguin 09876 Yellow-throated Petronia 07880 Shaft-tailed Whydah 08475 Speckle-throated Woodpecker 09073 House Crow 09895 Scaly-feathered Finch 07898 Dusky Indigobird 08499 Mascarene Martin 09086 South Polar Skua 09905 Dark-backed Weaver 07908 Purple Indigobird 08508 Green-headed Oriole 09092 Eleonora’s Falcon 09923 Spectacled Weaver 07913 Village Indigobird 08513 Rufous-tailed Palm-Thrush 09102 Bulwer’s Petrel 09946 Lesser Masked-Weaver 07920 Long-tailed Paradise-Whydah 08520 Eurasian Reed-Warbler 09119 White-rumped Sandpiper 09979 Red-headed Weaver 07934 Broad-tailed Paradise-Whydah 08534 Greater Swamp-Warbler 09126 Twinspot Indigobird 10002 Chestnut Weaver 07965 Cuckoo Finch 08549 Red-faced Crombec 09135 Muscovy Duck 10003 Village Weaver 07977 Cape Siskin 08551 Red-capped Crombec 09143 Domestic Goose 10004 Cape Weaver 07996 Drakensberg Siskin 08565 Chirping Cisticola 09157 Hybrid Duck 10005 Yellow Weaver 08009 Cape Canary 08577 Roberts’s Warbler 09164 Domestic Duck 10006 Golden Weaver 08012 Forest Canary 08582 Collared Flycatcher 09171 Common Redstart 10043 Southern Brown-throated Weaver 08024 Yellow-fronted Canary 08596 Souza’s Shrike 09188 European Turtle-Dove 10057 Southern Masked-Weaver 08033 Black-throated Canary 08605 Olive-headed Weaver 09190 Greater Yellowlegs 10088 Thick-billed Weaver 08045 Black-headed Canary 08611 Cinderella Waxbill 09208 Hudsonian Godwit 10090 Red-billed Quelea 08050 White-headed Petrel 08623 Lemon-breasted Canary 09213 Laysan Albatross 10128 Red-headed Quelea 08066 Brimstone Canary 08632 American Golden Plover 09220 Lesser Yellowlegs 10141 Southern Red Bishop 08081 Greater Sheathbill 08646 Barred Long-tailed Cuckoo 09234 Little Blue Heron 10159 Black-winged Bishop 08097 White-throated Canary 08654 Southern Royal Albatross 09249 Mallard 10162 Yellow Bishop 08107 Yellow Canary 08667 Black-legged Kittiwake 09251 Mandarin Duck 10174 Yellow-crowned Bishop 08121 Streaky-headed Seedeater 08679 Buff-breasted Sandpiper 09265 Common Peacock 10211 Red-collared Widowbird 08130 Black-eared Seedeater 08680 Chirinda Apalis 09277 Red-throated Pipit 10280 White-winged Widowbird 08148 Protea Seedeater 08698 Mountain Pipit 09282 White-throated Bee-eater 10349 Yellow-mantled Widowbird 08152 Common Chaffinch 08704 Wilson’s Phalarope 09296 Northern Black Korhaan 10351 Fan-tailed Widowbird 08169 Lark-like Bunting 08717 Long-tailed Jaeger 09306 White-browed Coucal 10365 Long-tailed Widowbird 08183 Cinnamon-breasted Bunting 08729 Herring Gull 09310 Barlow’s Lark 10377 Lesser Seedcracker 08195 Cape Bunting 08738 Franklin’s Gull 09322 Drakensberg Rock-jumper 10382 Red-headed Finch 08203 Golden-breasted Bunting 08740 Common Black-headed Gull 09331 Pacific Golden Plover 10396 Cut-throat Finch 08218 Cabanis’s Bunting 08755 Royal Tern 09353 White-chinned Petrel 10396 Magpie Mannikin 08225 Light-mantled Albatross 08761 Bridled Tern 09368 Drakensberg Prinia 10492 Bronze Mannikin 08239 Antarctic Petrel 08773 Black-naped Tern 09375 Citrine Wagtail 10536 Red-backed Mannikin 08244 Fairy Prion 08792 White-cheeked Tern 09384 Long-tailed Pipit 10594 Swee Waxbill 08256 Slender-billed Prion 08802 Lesser Noddy 09399 Slender-billed Gull 10784 Yellow-bellied Waxbill 08260 Flesh-footed Shearwater 08819 Rock Dove 09401 Indian Yellow-nosed Albatross 10799 Green Twinspot 08272 Manx Shearwater 08826 Rose-ringed Parakeet 09415 Tristan Albatross 10809 Red-faced Crimsonwing 08287 Malagasy Pond-Heron 08835 Ross’s Turaco 09427 Salvin’s Albatross 10812 Orange-winged Pytilia 08291 Garganey 08857 White-chested Alethe 09463 Karoo Thrush 11042 Green-winged Pytilia 08301 Northern Pintail 08864 Basra Reed-Warbler 09494 Olive Thrush 11058 Pink-throated Twinspot 08315 Taita Falcon 08871 Kerguelen Petrel 09503 Orange River White-eye 11714 Red-throated Twinspot 08327 Sooty Falcon 08888 Red-rumped Swallow 09628 Cape White-eye 11721 African Firefinch 08336 Grey Kestrel 08890 Blackcap 09693 Eastern Clapper Lark 11832 Jameson’s Firefinch 08358 Streaky-breasted Flufftail 08928 Long-toed Stint 09724 Damara Hornbill 11854 Brown Firefinch 08363 American Purple Gallinule 08937 African Citril 09733 Tufted Duck 12987 Red-billed Firefinch 08370 Eurasian Oystercatcher 08941 Tropical Boubou 09778 Red-crested Pochard 13322 Orange-breasted Waxbill 08389 Pectoral Sandpiper 08959 Hybrid Pochard 09781 Hottentot Buttonquail 13463 Blue Waxbill 08394 Dunlin 08962 Long-legged Buzzard 09797 Madagascar Cuckoo 16203 Violet-eared Waxbill 08406 Red-necked Stint 08974 Chukar Partridge 09807 Grey-headed Parrot 16508 Black-faced Waxbill 08410 Sabine’s Gull 09017 Broad-billed Sandpiper 09814 Livingstone’s Turaco 17103 Grey Waxbill 08422 Gull-billed Tern 09029 Slaty Egret 09821 Great Knot 19808 Common Waxbill 08431 Black Tern 09038 Macaroni Penguin 09830 Kentish Plover 20020 African Quailfinch 08447 Scarce Swift 09040 Northern Giant-Petrel 09848 Heuglin’s Gull 20423 www.aviandemographyunit.org 34 Birds in Reserves Project Guide Birds in Reserves Project Guide 35 www.aviandemographyunit.org Western Reef Heron 21902 Red-billed Hornbill 41296 Northern Royal Albatross 22305 Lesser Cuckoo 41306 Spectacled Petrel 22402 Burchell’s Coucal 41310 Balearic Shearwater 22529 Cape Parrot 41322 Chatham Albatross 22561 Knysna Turaco 41331 Luapula Cisticola 31380 Southern Black Korhaan 41347 Agulhas Clapper Lark 35508 Lesser black-backed Gull 41368 Kimberley Pipit 37061 White-chinned Petrel 41375 Northern Grey-headed Sparrow 38523 Rufous-winged Cisticola 41384 Agulhas Long-billed Lark 41234 Karoo Prinia 41399 Benguela Long-billed Lark 41249 Cape Clapper Lark 41401 Cape Long-billed Lark 41251 Southern Grey-headed Sparrow 41427 Eastern Long-billed Lark 41265 Elegant Tern 41436 Karoo Long-billed Lark 41277 Woodwards’ Barbet 41445 Black-rumped Buttonquail 41282
www.aviandemographyunit.org 36 Birds in Reserves Project Guide Mountain Wheatear 05649 ...... Cape Glossy Starling 07378 ...... Karoo Chat 05665 ...... Black-bellied Starling 07403 ...... Capped Wheatear 05682 ...... Pale-winged Starling 07444 ...... Familiar Chat 05701 ...... Red-winged Starling 07456 ...... Tractrac Chat 05715 ...... Pied Starling 07460 ...... Sickle-winged Chat 05727 ...... Cape Sugarbird 07491 ...... Mocking Cliff-Chat 05736 ...... Malachite Sunbird 07516 ...... Anteating Chat 05758 ...... Orange-breasted Sunbird 07537 ...... African Stonechat 05763 ...... Greater Double-collared Sunbird 07585 ...... Chorister Robin-Chat 05789 ...... Southern Double-collared Sunbird07602 ...... Cape Robin-Chat 05817 ...... Dusky Sunbird 07643 ...... Karoo Scrub-Robin 05838 ...... Collared Sunbird 07714 ...... White-browed Scrub-Robin 05886 ...... Amethyst Sunbird 07721 ...... White-starred Robin 05892 ...... House Sparrow 07846 ...... Willow Warbler 05990 ...... Cape Sparrow 07867 ...... Yellow-bellied Eremomela 06008 ...... Yellow-throated Petronia 07880 ...... Lesser Swamp-Warbler 06049 ...... Spectacled Weaver 07913 ...... African Reed-Warbler 06065 ...... Cape Weaver 07996 ...... Little Rush-Warbler 06096 ...... Southern Masked-Weaver 08033 ...... Knysna Warbler 06110 ...... Red-billed Quelea 08050 ...... Victorin's Warbler 06122 ...... Southern Red Bishop 08081 ...... Cape Grassbird 06184 ...... Yellow Bishop 08107 ...... Rufous-eared Warbler 06199 ...... Bronze Mannikin 08239 ...... Long-billed Crombec 06217 ...... Swee Waxbill 08256 ...... Bar-throated Apalis 06229 ...... Common Waxbill 08431 ...... Yellow-breasted Apalis 06255 ...... African Quailfinch 08447 ...... Karoo Eremomela 06261 ...... Pin-tailed Whydah 08468 ...... Green-backed Camaroptera 06273 ...... Cape Siskin 08551 ...... Zitting Cisticola 06292 ...... Cape Canary 08577 ...... Cloud Cisticola 06319 ...... Forest Canary 08582 ...... Neddicky 06371 ...... Yellow-fronted Canary 08596 ...... Grey-backed Cisticola 06388 ...... Black-throated Canary 08605 ...... ADDITIONAL SPECIES OCCURING: Wailing Cisticola 06390 ...... Black-headed Canary 08611 ...... Get the species number (Spp No) and the check- Levaillant's Cisticola 06467 ...... Brimstone Canary 08632 ...... digit code (C) from the BIRP booklet. Additional Lazy Cisticola 06480 ...... White-throated Canary 08654 ...... species require additional information Namaqua Warbler 06530 ...... Yellow Canary 08667 ...... Spotted Flycatcher 06548 ...... Streaky-headed Seedeater 08679 ...... Species name: Spp No: C Stts African Dusky Flycatcher 06552 ...... Protea Seedeater 08698 ...... Chestnut-vented Tit-Babbler 06583 ...... Common Chaffinch 08704 ...... Layard's Tit-Babbler 06595 ...... Lark-like Bunting 08717 ...... Chat Flycatcher 06633 ...... Cinnamon-breasted Bunting 08729 ...... Fiscal Flycatcher 06650 ...... Cape Bunting 08738 ...... Yellow-throated Woodland-Warbler 06716 ...... Golden-breasted Bunting 08740 ...... Cape Batis 06728 ...... Sabine's Gull 09017 ...... Pririt Batis 06741 ...... Rock Dove 09401 ...... Fairy Flycatcher 06785 ...... Chukar Partridge 09807 ...... Blue-mantled Crested-Flycatcher 06803 ...... House Crow 09895 ...... African Paradise-Flycatcher 06825 ...... Mallard 10162 ...... African Pied Wagtail 06856 ...... Common Peacock 10211 ...... Cape Wagtail 06860 ...... Karoo Thrush 11042 ...... African Pipit 06927 ...... Olive Thrush 11058 ...... Long-billed Pipit 06936 ...... Orange River White-eye 11714 ...... Plain-backed Pipit 06942 ...... Cape White-eye 11721 ...... African Rock Pipit 06970 ...... Hottentot Buttonquail 13463 ...... Cape Longclaw 07036 ...... Agulhas Long-billed Lark 41234 ...... Common Fiscal 07070 ...... Cape Long-billed Lark 41251 ...... Red-backed Shrike 07089 ...... Eastern Long-billed Lark 41265 ...... Southern Boubou 07094 ...... Karoo Long-billed Lark 41277 ...... ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: Black-backed Puffback 07129 ...... Burchell's Coucal 41310 ...... Additional Species require additional info, Southern Tchagra 07138 ...... Knysna Turaco 41331 ...... i.e. identifying features, habitat, exact locality Olive Bush-Shrike 07173 ...... Southern Black Korhaan 41347 ...... and numbers, activity. Information helpful Bokmakierie 07222 ...... White-chinned Petrel 41375 ...... to the validation of unexpected records, e.g. Common Starling 07333 ...... Karoo Prinia 41399 ...... unusual weather conditions, should also be Common Myna 07345 ...... Cape Clapper Lark 41401 ...... mentioned here. Wattled Starling 07350 ...... Southern Grey-headed Sparrow 41427 ...... Attach a sheet of paper if necessary. Title, full name and address: Has your address changed? YES / NO Tel:...... (h) ...... (w) ...... (Cell) Email:...... 2 Noetzie Conservancy Owners Association KNY123/01
APPENDIX 7
RECYCLING
Cape EAPrac Environmental Management Programme LESS
RECYCLED
COMMONLY
MATERIALS
SCRAP METAL
BATTERIES
CAR BODIES
OLD
APPLIANCES
BIODEGRADABLE PLANT WASTES
CONSTRUCTION & DEMOLITION WASTE
CARDBOARD
PAPER
USED OIL
RECYCLED
COMMONLY
MATERIALS
TYRES
TEXTILES
WHAT CAN WE RECYCLE? WHAT
PLASTIC
METAL CANS METAL
GLASS
R 2A
ourism
GUIDELINES ON RECYCLING OF SOLID WASTE Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism
Department of Environmental Affairs and T WHAT CANNOT BE RECYCLED?
CAR WINDSCREENS, MIRRORS GENERAL WASTE MIXED WITH HAZARDOUS WASTE (eg: HEALTH CARE WASTE)
VERY DIRTY RECYCLABLES
LAMINATES eg: PAPER AND PLASTIC
R 2B
GUIDELINES ON RECYCLING OF SOLID WASTE Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism PULP
WASH
DE-INK
SHRED & DIGEST
SPREAD OUT & DRY
PAPER RECYCLING PAPER
PAPER
RECOVER USED
PRODUCTS
MAKE NEW
PUT
ROLL & SQUEEZE OUT LIQUID
TO SIZE
AND CUT
ROLLERS
THROUGH
R 8B
PRODUCTS
USE PAPER GUIDELINES ON RECYCLING OF SOLID WASTE Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism MELT
PLASTIC
WASH SHREDDED WASH
DRY
EACH TYPE OF PLASTIC
PROCESSED SEPARATELY
EXTRUDE
SHRED
COOL
SORT INTO PLASTIC TYPES
PLASTIC RECYCLING
PRODUCTS
MAKE NEW
R 8D
ourism
PELLETS
RECOVER USED PLASTIC
CHOP INTO GUIDELINES ON RECYCLING OF SOLID WASTE Department of USE Environmental Affairs and Tourism
PLASTIC
Department of Environmental Affairs and T
PRODUCTS GLASS
BREAK UP
TRANSPORT
TO FACTORY
MELT IN FURNACE WITH NEW PRODUCT MELT
GLASS (KEEP
RECOVER USED
COLOURS SEPARATE)
GLASS RECYCLING
MOLTEN GLASS MOLTEN
PRODUCTS
PRODUCTS
MAKE NEW
R 9D
MOULD GLASS INTO NEW
GUIDELINES ON RECYCLING OF SOLID WASTE Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism
PRODUCTS
USE GLASS EARTHWORMS
COMPOST
BACTERIA & FUNGI
SIEVE OUT THE FINER FRACTION
BREAKDOWN OF ORGANIC MATTER
OVER TO AERATE!
COMPOST HEAP - TURN
BAGGED
COMPOST
PLANT WASTES
COMPOSTING OF
BIODEGRADABLE
10B
R
GARDEN AND
KITCHEN WASTE
GRASS CUTTINGS, GUIDELINES ON RECYCLING OF SOLID WASTE Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism
SOIL FOR
TO ENRICH
GARDENING
USE COMPOST WASH
SMELT
SHRED
POUR INGOTS
METAL RECYCLING METAL
RECOVER USED METAL
R 9B
GUIDELINES ON RECYCLING OF SOLID WASTE
PRODUCTS
Department of Environmental USE METAL Affairs and Tourism
PRODUCTS
MAKE NEW TO OIL
TANKER
RECYCLER
TRANSPORT
ROSE MINI
DEPOSIT IN
ROSE - RECYCLING OIL SAVES THE ENVIRONMENT
RECOVER USED OIL
FROM WASTE FRACTION FROM WASTE
RECOVER OIL FRACTION
RECYCLING OF USED OIL
ourism
10A
R
STORE OIL
GEAR OIL)
OIL, MACHINE OIL,
USE OIL PRODUCTS GUIDELINES ON RECYCLING OF SOLID WASTE SITE
Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism SLUDGE WASTE
(MOTOR OIL, HYDRAULIC
LANDFILL
HAZARDOUS
Department of Environmental Affairs and T Noetzie Conservancy Owners Association KNY123/01
APPENDIX 8
BEACH PERMIT AND OSCA
APPLICATION
Cape EAPrac Environmental Management Programme
Application to the Minister of Environmental Affairs and Tourism in terms of Regulation 20 of the Regulations published in terms of section 44 of the National Environmental Management Act, 107 of 1998: Control of Use of Vehicles in the Coastal Zone: Government Notice No. 1399 of 21 December 2001) as amended (“the Regulations”)
APPLICATION FOR AN EXEMPTION: VEHICLE USE IN THE COASTAL ZONE
CHECKLIST: APPLICANT HAVE YOU – (place a tick in the appropriate box) 1. Provided ALL the information required in this application form? YES NO
2. Included a motivation demonstrating why granting the exemption will not YES NO harm the coastal zone?
3. Included a motivation stating why granting the exemption will not seriously YES NO affect the rights of the public to enjoy the coastal zone?
4. Included a motivation stating why granting the exemption would be in the YES NO public interest, or in the interests of protecting the environment.
5. Attached written support from the relevant provincial and local authorities YES NO for your application? 6. Attached a certified copy of your identity document? YES NO 7. Attached a certified copy of your driver’s licence? YES NO 8. Attached certified copies of the identity documents of other persons who YES NO will be driving the vehicle(s) to which the permit will pertain (if applicable)? 9. Attached certified copies of the driver’s licences of other persons who will YES NO be driving the vehicle(s) to which the permit will pertain (if applicable)? 10. Signed the application form before a Commissioner of Oaths? YES NO
Application for an Exemption: Vehicle use in the coastal zone Page 1 of 7 INSTRUCTIONS: You must read these.
1. The applicant must submit sufficient information to justify the granting of an exemption, and, if the applicant elects to use this form, it must be completed in full. This application requires the minimum information required for the consideration of an exemption application. Should an applicant believe it necessary, further information may be attached to this application as clearly marked annexures. Only the original completed, signed and dated application form will be accepted; a faxed or e-mailed version thereof will not be accepted.
2. This application must be completed and signed by the applicant. The applicant’s signature must be commissioned by a Commissioner of Oaths. If the application is completed by a third party (such as a consultant or legal representative), then this third party’s details must also be provided as required in this application. A failure to adhere to this requirement could result in the application being refused.
3. Applicants must provide a motivation stating in detail why granting an exemption to the applicant would be in the public interest, or in the interests of protecting the environment (see Part E below).
4. Applicants must provide a motivation which clearly demonstrates that the proposed vehicle use will not cause significant harm to the coastal zone (see Part H below).
5. Applicants must provide a motivation stating why granting the application will not seriously affect the rights of the public to enjoy the coastal zone (see Part I below).
6. Applicants must provide a certified copy of each of the driver’s licences of those persons who will be driving the vehicle or vehicles to which this exemption pertains.
7. This application must be addressed to the Minister of Environmental Affairs and Tourism at Private Bag X447, Pretoria, 0001.
8. The Department will submit your completed application for comment to the relevant provincial authority or manager of a protected area if your application affects a protected area. This is due to the co-operative governance requirements of the Constitution (Act No.108 of 1996). Provincial working groups meet monthly to evaluate applications for vehicle use in the coastal zone. The Department will in consultation with the relevant authority endeavour to process your application within a reasonable period of time, defined as 45 to 60 days, subject to inclusion of all the information required in the application form. You are therefore requested to submit your application form at least 60 days prior to the date on which you propose to use a vehicle in the coastal zone.
9. If applicable - please note that on expiry of the previous exemption issued to you, you must have returned the certificate issued with that exemption, at your cost, to the Department within 14 days of the expiry of that exemption.
10. Failure to provide the information requested herein may result in the application not being processed.
Application for an Exemption: Vehicle use in the coastal zone Page 2 of 7
PART A: PERSONAL DETAILS
Full name of applicant…………………………………………………………………………………… Identity number / legal entity registration number of applicant…..…………………….…………… Address (physical)……………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Address (postal)…………………………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Telephone Number (work)…….………………………………… Telephone Number (home)……………………………………… Cellphone Number………………………………………………. Fax Number………………...…………………………………….. E-Mail address…………………………………………………………………….………………………
PART B: EXEMPTION SOUGHT
Any person, including an organ of state, may apply in writing to the Minister for exemption from complying with any of the requirements in regulation 6, 7 or 8, for the granting of a permit, boat launching site license, or the carrying on of an environmental assessment, in terms of section 24(4) of the Act, respectively.
Tick the applicable box indicating the requirement from which you seek an exemption.
1. Tick the box that indicates the purpose for which an exemption is sought
Exemption from the requirements of Exemption from the requirements of Regulation 6 (Permit) Regulation 7 (Boat launching site licence)
Exemption from the requirements of Regulation 8 (Environmental assessment)
Other (Specify below)
………………………………………………………………………………...………………………..……… …………………………………………………………………………………..………………..………
PART C: DURATION OF EXEMPTION
1. Please state the date(s) / period for which the exemption is sought, e.g. throughout the year, or certain periods only: ………………….……………………………………………………………………………………...……… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………...…… ….……….……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. Do any of the above nominated dates fall within a school holiday period or on public holidays? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Application for an Exemption: Vehicle use in the coastal zone Page 3 of 7 3. If yes, provide details: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……
PART D: PURPOSE OF THE APPLICATION
Specify the purpose for which you seek vehicle access to the coastal zone (please provide details in a clearly marked annexure if insufficient space is provided below): ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
PART E: THE PUBLIC INTEREST / PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT
The Minister may not grant an exemption unless he is satisfied that granting such exemption is in the public interest, or in the interests of protecting the environment. Please state in detail why granting an exemption to the applicant would be in the public interest, or in the interests of protecting the environment (this motivation may be submitted as a clearly marked annexure if insufficient space is provided below): ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..… ………………………………………………………………..………………………………………………… ….……………………………………………………………..………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
PART F: LOCATION OF AREA(S) OF INTENDED VEHICLE USE IN THE COASTAL ZONE
1. Province………………..………….………………………………………………………………….
2. Magisterial District(s)……….……………………………………………………………………….
3. Closest City/Town……………………………………………………………………………………
4. Surrounding/adjacent land use(s): ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Application for an Exemption: Vehicle use in the coastal zone Page 4 of 7 ……………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………
5. Has the proposed coastal zone area in which you intend to use a vehicle, historically or ever been frequently used by vehicles? …………………………………………….…………………………………………….…………….………… .…………..…………………………………...………………………………………………………………… ………….…..……………………………………………………………..…………………………………….
6. Provide an exact description of extent of area(s) of intended access: …………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………….. .……………………………………………………………………………………….………………………… ……………………..………………………………………………………………..……………………….… ……………………………………………………..……………………………………………......
7. Provide an exact description of the point(s) of intended access to / from the coastal zone. This description should include references to road names (if access from public road or car park), property names appearing on a 1:50 000 map (if access from private property); or name of holiday resort or caravan park (where applicable). Where possible, applicants should provide map coordinates of access points to enable such access points to be located on a 1:50 000 map: …..…………………………………………………………………………...……………….……………..… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…… ………………………….…………………………………………………………..…………………..……… ………………………………………………….…………………………..………………………..………… ……………………………………………………….……………..……………………………..…………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………… ……..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
PART G: VEHICLE DETAILS
1. Type(s) of vehicle(s) that is / are intended to be used in the coastal zone: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………..……………………………………….…….………………… ……………………………………………………..……………………………….…….………………
2. Registration number(s) of vehicle(s) that is / are intended to be used in the coastal zone: …………………………………………………………………..………………………………………..…… ………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………..…… ……………………………………………………………………………..………………………..…
3. The number of persons that will accompany the applicant, and their respective functions: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Application for an Exemption: Vehicle use in the coastal zone Page 5 of 7 PART H: SIGNIFICANT HARM TO THE COASTAL ZONE
1. Provide a motivation below which clearly demonstrates why granting the exemption will not result in significant harm to the coastal zone. This motivation may be submitted as a clearly marked annexure if insufficient space is provided below: ……………………………….………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………..…………………………………………………………………………..…………… …………………….…………………….………………………………………………………..…………… ………………..…………………………………………………………………………………..…………… …………..…………………………………………………………………………………….….…………… …..…………………………………………………………………………………………..……………..…… …………………………………………………………………………………………..………..…………… …………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. Describe the measures that the applicant will be taking to minimise harm to the coastal zone during the applicant’s intended use of vehicles in the coastal zone: …………………………………………………………………………………...………………………..…… ………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………..…… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……..…. …………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..…………..……… …………………………………………………………………………………………………..…..………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………….……
3. If harm to the coastal zone is unavoidable during the applicant’s intended use of a vehicle in the coastal zone, describe how such harm will be minimised and remedied: ………………………………………………………………………………………...…………………..…… ………………………………………………………………………………………...…………………..….. …...…………………………………………………………………………………………..………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………... ………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………
PART I: RIGHTS OF THE PUBLIC
State in detail why the proposed use of vehicles in the coastal zone will not adversely and seriously affect any rights of the general public to enjoy the coastal zone. This motivation may be submitted as a clearly marked annexure if insufficient space is provided below. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………..………………………
Application for an Exemption: Vehicle use in the coastal zone Page 6 of 7 Declaration By Applicant
I hereby confirm that I am fully aware of my responsibilities in terms of Government Notice No. R1399 of 21 December 2001, as amended, and that any failure to comply with it may constitute an offence in terms of the Regulations.
These Regulations are available from the Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism: Branch Marine and Coastal Management (tel: 021 - 402 3511), or may be downloaded from the website www.deat.gov.za
I, the undersigned, do hereby make oath / affirmation, and declare that the information submitted with and in this application is true, correct, and complete, and that the copies of the documents submitted are true and certified copies of the original documents. I understand that if any information furnished in this application is not true or complete, including providing false documentation, the falsification of any document, the making of any misleading or false statements, or the non-disclosure of material information or information which may materially affect the evaluation of this application, this may disqualify the application or lead to it being refused.
THUS SIGNED IN MY PRESENCE Signature of the applicant Commissioner of Oaths …………………………………………………… ……………………………… Full Name ……………………………………………………………………
Full Name Designation …………………………………………………………………. ……………………………… Office ………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………… Address ………………….……………………………………………………….…… ……………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………….….
Signed at (place)…………………………..… on the ….… .day of….….….………in the year………..
If this application has been prepared or completed by, or on the advice of, any person other than the applicant or an employee of the applicant, then this third party must complete the following as well:
Signature of the third party ………………………………………….…………………………..……………………………………………
Full Name………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Signed at (place)…………………………..… on the .....… .day of……….…………in the year………..
NOTE
Your application must either be posted or hand delivered. The application should be addressed to the Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism
PLEASE DO NOT BIND OR STAPLE THIS FORM TO ANY OTHER DOCUMENTS
Application for an Exemption: Vehicle use in the coastal zone Page 7 of 7
TOWN PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENT DEPARTMENT
OSCAE APPLICATION
APPLICATION IN TERMS OF THE OUTENIQUA SENSITIVE COASTAL AREA EXTENSION REGULATIONS FOR A PERMIT TO UNDERTAKE SCHEDULED ACTIVITY(IES) ON AN INDIVIDUAL ERF
ERF
……………………………………………………
TOWNSHIP ……………………………………………………
ACTIVITY(IES)
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
DATE ……………………………………………….…..
PH1005 KNYSNA MUNICIPALITY
The Chief Town Planner P.O. Box 21 Tel: (044) 302-6330 Knysna Fax: (044) 302-6338 6570
SENSITIVE COASTAL AREA LEGISLATION The following notice and application form have been extracted in abbreviated format form the Department of Environmental Affairs’ “Guidelines for the Control and Management of Activities in Sensitive Coastal Areas” (1998). “The Environmental Conservation Act, 1989 (Act 73 of 1989) makes provision for the protection of areas which have particular environmental importance, which are sensitive, or which are under intense pressure from development”. In terms of this legislation, the Garden Route coastal area from Tergeniet in the west to the Kaaimans River in the east was identified and proclaimed as the Outeniqua Sensitive Coastal Area (Outeniqua SCA) in 1997. On 27 November 1998, the Minister of Environmental Affairs and Tourism extended the Outeniqua Sensitive Coastal Area to include portions of the area between the Kaaimans and Bloukrans Rivers. The implication of the SCA status is that certain activities, which may have a detrimental effect on the environment, are now prohibited unless a permit has been obtained prior to the activity being undertaken. “The SCA Regulations are aimed at controlling small-scale activities at the individual plot level in an effort to ensure sustainable development of the coast”. The scheduled activities include the following: • Disturbance of vegetation (trampling, cutting or removal of vegetation); • Earthworks (excavation, moving, removal, deposit, compacting of soil, sand, rock or rubble); • Dredging (dredging, excavation, removal or moving of soil, sand or rock from a river, tidal lagoon, tidal river, floodplain or wetland); and • Dune rehabilitation (planting on, or covering of dunes or exposed sand surfaces with any vegetative, natural or synthetic material, or the erection of structures and walls thereon with the purpose of preventing the sand from being eroded, accreted or moved by wind or water). Any person failing to comply the SCA Regulations may be found guilty of an offence and would be liable for a fine not exceeding R 100 000,00 and a fine not exceeding three times the commercial value of any property or object of which the offence was committed and / or imprisonment for a period not exceeding ten years. With regard to the Knysna Municipal Area, certain fully developed properties have been excluded from the SCA (see map attached that back of this application form), but for most property owners in Eastford, Welbedacht, Kanonkop, Salt River valley, Paradise and erven with direct estuary frontage, the disturbance of vegetation, earthworks and dredging activities which will require the prior issue of a permit by the Knysna Municipality (‘dune rehabilitation’ is not included in this form, as there are no dune areas within the current Municipal Area). As such, the attached application form must be completed by, or on behalf of, the property owner and be submitted, prior to the submission of, or together with, building plans, to the Municipality. The Environmental Impact Report questionnaire could be filled in by the property owner or by a consultant on his / her behalf, and must contain a description of the mitigation, control measures and rehabilitation to be undertaken during the proposed activity to minimise its potential impacts. Permits may be issued with or without conditions, or refused or the applicant may be required to furnish further information. In terms of provisions of Section 8 of the Outeniqua Sensitive Coastal Area Extension Regulations an appeal against the decision of the municipality may be lodged, in writing, with the Western Cape Minister of Environmental Affairs, within thirty (30) days of notification of such decision. A fee of R 250,00 must accompany an appeal.
CHIEF TOWN PLANNER TOWN PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENT DEPARTMENT KNYSNA MUNICIPALITY 11 PITT STREET KNYSNA 6570 APPLICATION IN TERMS OF REGULATION 3 OF THE QUTENIQUA SENSITIVE COASTAL AREA EXTENSION REGULATIONS (R1528 OF 27 NOVEMBER 1998) FOR A PERMIT TO UNDERTAKE SCHEDULED ACTIVITY(IES) ON AN INDIVIDUAL ERF
A. DETAILS OF THE APPLICANT
1. Name of Applicant: Title: ………. Initials: ………...... Surname: ……………………………………………………… Company: ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2. Status of Applicant: (indicate with an )
Owner Developer* Contractor* Consultant*
* = if Applicant is not owner this application needs to be accompanied by owner’s written agreement 3. Applicant Contact Details: Telephone: ( ……… ) ……………………………….. Fax: ( ……… ) ………………………………..
Cell: ………………………………...... Email: ………………………………………………………….
Postal Address: ……………………………………………. ……………………………………………. ……………………………………………. ……………………………………………. Other Parties involved: (if applicable) Consultant: …...……………………………………. Tel: ………………….. Fax: ………………… Contractor: …………………………………………. Tel: ………………….. Fax: ………………… Developer: …………………………………………. Tel: ………………….. Fax: ………………… Other (specify):…………………………………….. Tel: ………………….. Fax: …………………
B. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE
1. Site Details: Erf number: …………………… Erf size: …………………… Zoning of Erf: …………………………… Locality (Name of suburb / Development): …………………………………………………………………
2. Plans and Diagrams: The following diagrams must be attached to the application: • Site development plan • Contour plan • Elevations and Cross Sections • Demarcation of Erf on development master plan (where applicable)
Where the space provided in the application form is insufficient for the applicable response, separate, referenced sheet(s) of paper may be attached to the back of the form.
- 1 - Indicate C. ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION with an
1. General Site Features: Are any of the following features on or adjacent to the site: (Show on plans if possible) Cliffs and / or steep slopes (≥1:6) ...... Y N Watercourses, water bodies and their banks ... Y N Beaches, dunes and rocky shores ...... Y N Aquifers (saturated groundwater zones) ...... Y N
2. Geology and Soils: What are the underlying soil conditions of the site (specify depth if possible): Clay ...... Y N Loam (a mixture of sand and clay) ...... Y N Sand ...... Y N Rock ...... Y N Does the site contain any shallow bedrock or rock outcrops? (Show on plans if possible) Y N If “yes”, specify rock type and depth (m) … ...... Is there any erosion present on or near the site? (Show on plans if possible) ...... Y N Describe the slope of the site as a percentage of the total property? (Show on plans if possible) Steep (>1:6) ………………………………………….. % Gently sloping (1:6 – 1:20) ………….………………. % Flat (<1:20) ……………………………………….…… %
On which slopes does the proposed development take place? (Show on plans if possible) …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. Water Table: What is the shallowest depth of the water table? Deeper than 1.5m...... Y N Shallower than 1.5m ...... Y N Unknown...... Y N
4. Vegetation: What type of vegetation occurs on the property (specify as % of total Erf area): (Show on plans if possible for each question) Indigenous: …………………………………………. % Exotic / Alien: ………………………………………. % Disturbed: …………………………………………….% Rehabilitated: ……………………………………….. %
- 2 - 5. Fauna: Are there any rare or endangered species known to occur in the area? (if “yes”, specify): (Show on plans if possible for each question) Amphibians: ...... Y N Birds: ...... Y N Mammals: ...... Y N Insects: ...... Y N Reptiles: ...... Y N
6. Cultural, historic and aesthetic features: Are there any of the following features on the property? (specify approximate age, if known): (Show on plans if possible for each question) Buildings or structures older than 60 years: . . . . Y N Roads, mountain passes or tracks:...... Y N Orchards, avenues or trees: ...... Y N Fossil sites: ...... Y N Shells: ...... Y N Battle sites: ...... Y N Graves or graveyards: ...... Y N Other archaeological sites (specify): ...... Y N ...... Are there any tourist attractions or scenic routes on or adjacent to the property? . . Y N If “yes”, specify: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. Socio-economic aspects: Are there people living on or adjacent to the property? ...... Y N If “yes”, specify what form of settlement and approx. number of people (Show on plans if possible) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
- 3 - Indicate D. DETAIL(S) OF THE ACTIVITY(IES): with an
1. Type of activity(ies): Disturbance of vegetation and / or earthworks and / or dredging for the purpose of: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Is this activity related to or is it part of a larger or phased development? Residential (single or group housing): ...... Y N Township (sub-divisional area): ...... Y N Resort (mainly recreational): ...... Y N Commercial and / or industrial: ...... Y N Agricultural: ...... Y N Other (specify): ...... Y N ......
3. If the activity is part of a larger or phased development, is this development one of the activities identified in Government Notice No. R.1182 of 5 September 1997 and controlled by the General Environment Regulations promulgated in government Notice No.R1183 of 5 September 1997? (see attached extract at back of form ) Y N If ‘yes’, describe (e.g. name and type of development): ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Extent of the activity (Delete whichever is not applicable):
Total area of property: m2
2 Disturbance of vegetation: m
Earthworks: Depth: m
3 Volume: m
Ground conditions (sand, silt, rock etc.): ………………………………………………..……………………………………………….. ………………………………………………..………………………………………………..
Dredging: Depth: m
3 Volume: m
Bottom conditions (sand, silt, rock etc.): ………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………
- 4 - 5. Previous applications: Have there been any previous applications on this property? ……………………….. Y N If ‘yes’, provide details: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Were any previous applications for activities on this site turned down?: ….…...... Y N If “yes”, provide details: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Building plans / Operations: Have building plans been approved for this site? .…………………………………….. Y N If ‘yes’, provide reference (plan number, approval date, etc): ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Does the proposed building / activity fall within a development for which there is a: Building Design Manual?: ...... Y N If “yes”, does the proposed plan comply with the requirements thereof?: ...... Y N
Does the proposed building / activity fall within a development for which there is a Contractors’ Code of Conduct?: ...... Y N If “yes”, has the contractor(s) been made aware of the requirements thereof?:. . . . Y N
7. Have there been any consultations regarding the proposed activity or development? (if “yes”, attach supporting documentation) With Neighbours: ...... Y N With a Home Owner Association: ...... Y N Through the press: ...... Y N Via public meetings: ...... Y N Other (specify): ...... Y N ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8. How will the activity(ies) be undertaken: Vegetation clearing: Plant rescue ...... Y N Vegetation removal: By hand (saw axe, etc) ...... Y N Light machinery (chainsaw, brushcutter, etc.): ...... Y N Heavy machinery (tractors, graders, etc) ...... Y N Topsoil removal:...... Y N
- 5 - Excavations: By hand (spade, pick, etc)...... Y N Light Machinery (jackhammer, etc.)...... Y N Heavy machinery (excavators, bulldozers, etc) ...... Y N Blasting:...... Y N Dredging: Specify …………………………………………………………………………………….
9. Specify the following information regarding the proposed activities: Duration (time period): ………………………………………………………………………………………. Programme (calendar): ……………………………………………………………………………………… Financial value / scale: R …………………………………………………………………………………….
10. Is the whole property affected by the proposed activity? ...... Y N If “no”, indicate approximate percentage affected (Show on plans if possible): %
11. Additional comments or information relevant to the proposed activity(ies): ......
- 6 - Indicate E. IMPACT STATEMENT with an
1. Will any of the following temporary or permanent constructions be present on the site?: (Show on plans if possible at each relevant question): Structures and / or buildings ...... Y N Walls and / or fences ...... Y N Underground tanks ...... Y N Roads and / or hardened surfaces ...... Y N Pipelines and / or outfalls ...... Y N Cables and / or lines...... Y N Other constructions (specify) ...... Y N
2. Will any of the constructions listed above be located on or near the following (specify distance, if near) (Show on plans if possible at each relevant question): Limestone or calcified dunes (ancient dunes where the surface and the underlying sediment has been naturally cemented specifically by calcium carbonate) . . . . Y N Pedocretes (very hard, impenetrable layer in soil profile, limiting natural downward movement of water) ...... Y N Other sensitive geological formations (specify)...... Y N ...... Below the water table: ...... If “yes”, specify precautionary measures to be taken in respect of founding conditions and waste / storm water disposal (a separate, detailed report should be attached).
3. Specify the area that will be disturbed or altered by the proposed activity or development: (Show on plans if possible): Temporary (during construction phase) m2
Permanent: m2
4. Will vegetation of high or medium conservation importance, or protected trees be disturbed or cut? ...... Y N If “yes”, specify vegetation species / community / ies and extent: φ ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Has a permit been obtained for the removal of protected trees? ………………………… Y N If “yes”, provide a copy / reference: ………………………………………………………………………
- 7 - 5. Specify method and / or detail of rehabilitation and stabilisation of disturbed areas, including the following (Show on plans if possible at each relevant question): 5.1. Final Location of plant rescue material: ………………………………………………………….. 5.2. Storage area for topsoil: .. …………………………………………………………………………. 5.3. End location of excavated material: ………………………………………………………………. 5.4. How the construction area will be demarcated: ..……………………………………………….. 5.5. How the work area and adjacent area will be protected from storm water run-off and erosion: ..…………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5.6. Where the storm water from the roof and paved areas will be directed on completion of the structure: ..…………………………………………………………………………………………… Note: a separate, detailed report should be attached where impacts are significant.
6. If excavation is to take place by heavy machinery or blasting, a separate environmental impact report, stating what the environmental impacts will be, and what mitigating measures are to be taken to reduce impact on and / or beyond the site. A separate Environmental Impact Report is attached: ……………………………….. Y N
7. Will the proposed development affect migration patterns, feeding, access to water, or nesting or breeding sites of fauna identified in the area? (refer to C5) ………… Y N If “yes”, a separate Environmental Impact Report must be attached, specifying the impacts and proposed mitigation measures.
8. Will any of the cultural or historical resources or features listed previously (refer to C6) be: • Demolished or destroyed: ...... Y N • Damaged: ...... Y N • Altered: ...... Y N • Excavated: ...... Y N • Restored: ...... Y N • Removed: ...... Y N • Changed in any other way (specify): ...... Y N
...... If “yes” to any of the above, has the necessary permit been obtained form the South African National Heritage Resources Agency (provide copy / reference): ……………………… Y N
- 8 - 9. Will there be any construction(s) adjacent to or near, or prominently visible from, the following? (specify distance): Historic features: ………………………………..………………………………………… Y N Scenic areas or routes: …………………………..………………………………………. Y N Tourist attractions: .………………………………..……………………………………… Y N Other (specify): ……………………………………..…………………………………….. Y N If “yes”, state the mitigating measures to be implemented to reduce the impact thereon: (Show on plans if possible) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10. Will the activity or development cause movement of people into or out of the proposed site? (specify category and approximate number of people per day): Temporary workers: …..………………………………………………………………….. Y N Tourists: .…………………………………………………………………………………... Y N Local community: .………………………………………………………………………… Y N Other (specify): .…………………………………………………………………………… Y N
11. Will any of the following (either existing or new) be affected by the activity or development? Employment opportunities: ..……………………………………………………………… Y N Community facilities: ..…………………………………………………………………….. Y N (if ‘yes’, specify) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
12. What budget has been set aside for the purpose of rehabilitation? R ………………………. 13. Any other information (if available or required) relevant to the application: …...... …...... …...... …...... …...... …......
- 9 - F. DECLARATION
I / We, the undersigned, declare that the information contained in this application and environmental impact report, and any attachments thereto, is correct and true to the best of my / our knowledge, and that no important environmental information has been intentionally withheld.
APPLICANT (If not the owner, then the owner must sign below or a letter empowering you to act on the owner’s behalf must be attached)
NAME: ……………………………………………………….
SIGNATURE: ……………………………………………….
DATE: ………………………………………………………..
OWNER
NAME: ……………………………………………………….
SIGNED: …………………………………………………….
DATE: ……………………………………………………….
- 10 - DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AFFAIRS AND TOURISM DEPARTEMENT VAN OMWIKKELINGSAKE EN TOERSIME No.R1182 5 September 1997 ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION ACT, 1989 (ACT No. 73 of 1989) THE IDENTIFICATION UNDER SECTION 21 OF ACTIVITIES THAT MAY HAVE A SUBSTANTIAL DETRIMENTAL EFFECT ON THE ENVIRONMENT. I, Zweledinga Pallo Jordan, Minister of Environmental affairs and tourism, after consultation with the Minister of each department of state responsible for the execution, approval or control of such activities, the Minister of finance and the competent authorities of the provinces, hereby under section 21 of the Environmental conservation act, 1989 (act no. 73 of 1989), identify the activities in Schedule 1 in general as activities which may have a substantial detrimental effect on the environment. I further determine that this notice will commence in respect of different activities on the dates indicated in Schedule 2. Z.P. JORDAN Minister of Environmental Affairs and Tourism 2 No. 18261 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 5 SEPTEMBER 1997 SCHEDULE 1
1. The construction or upgrading of: (a) facilities for commercial electricity generation and supply; (b) nuclear reactors and installations for the production, enrichment, reprocessing and disposal of nuclear fuels and wastes; (c) transportation routes and structures, and manufacturing, storage, handling or processing facilities for any substance which is dangerous or hazardous and is controlled by national legislation; (d) roads, railways, airfields and associated structures outside the borders of town-planning schemes; (e) marinas, harbours and all structures below the high-water mark of the sea; (f) cableways and associated structures; (g) structures associated with communication networks, other than telecommunication lines and cables, as well as access roads leading to these structures; (h) racing tracks for motor-powered vehicles and horse racing, excluding indoor tracks; (i) canals and channels, including diversions of the normal flow of water in a river bed and water transfer schemes between water catchments and impoundments; (j) dams, levees or weirs affecting the flow of a river; (k) reservoirs for public water supply; (l) schemes for the abstraction or utilisation of ground or surface water for bulk supply purposes; (m) public and private resorts and associated infrastructure (n) sewage treatment plants and associated infrastructure; and (o) buildings and structures for industrial and military manufacturing and storage of explosives or ammunition or for testing disposal or such explosives or ammunition. 2. The change of land use from: (a) agricultural or undetermined use to any other land use; (b) use for grazing to any other form of agricultural use; and (c) use for nature conservation or zoned open space to any other land use. 3. The concentration of livestock in a confined structure for the purpose of mass commercial production. 4. The intensive husbandry of, or importation of, any plant or animal that has been declared a weed or an invasive alien species. 5. The release of any organism outside it’s natural area of distribution that is to be used for biological pest control. 6. the genetic modification of any organism with the purposed of fundamentally changing the inherent characteristics of the organism. 7. The reclamation of land below the high-water mark of the sea and in Inland water including wetlands. 8. The disposal of waste in terms of section 20 of the environment conservation Act, 1989. 9. Scheduled processes listed in the Second Schedule to the Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Act, 1965 (Act No. 45 of 1965). ______
- 11 - Noetzie Conservancy Owners Association KNY123/01
APPENDIX 9
EMERGENCY AND IMPORTANT CONTACT DETAILS
Cape EAPrac Environmental Management Programme Noetzie Conserancy Owners Association Emergency and Important Numbers
Emergency Response 10177 Control Room 044 805 5055 Fire Services 044 801 6376 Police 10111 Knysna SAPS 044 302 6600 National Disaster Management (Cell phone) 112 Disaster Management (Provincial) 021 937 0800 Knysna Hospital 044 302 8400 Knysna Municipality 044 302 6300 Emergency (All hours) 044 302 8911 All Services (after hours) 044 279 1415 Fire Services 044 302 6400 Traffic Department 044 302 6372 Electricity 0860 103 089 Knysna 044 384 0422 Water: (24 hours) 0860 103 054 Sea Rescue (Provincial) 021 449 3500 Knysna 044 384 0211 044 382 5610 Mountain Rescue 021 948 9900 Child Emergency 0800 123 321 Citizens Advice Bureau 021 422 0300 NCOA 044 384 2913 SANParks, Knysna 044 382 2095 Marine & Coastal Management 044 382 1938 Heritage Western Cape 021 483 9685