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TARAWIH GUIDE FOR BEGINNERS www.revamp.sg 1 Key / Symbol 3 Who is this guide for? 4 Why should we perform the sunnah Prayers? 5 About Tarāwih 6 The Obligatory Acts 7 The Obligatory Recitations 8 The Full Guide 9 The Recommended Supplications 14 20 raka’at too much? 19 CONTENTS A Brotherly Reminder 21 The Witr Prayer 22 2 Key / Symbol The dashes ( - ) 1.1 Act as a guide to where the pronunciation needs to be separated. For example: Bismillā-hirraḥmā-nir-ra-ḥīm, so that it will not be mistakenly read as: Bismillah irrahman irrahim. 1.2 It indicates words that must be read continuously and there should not be a pause in between the words in this sentence. For example: Ihdinaṣ-ṣira-thal-mus-taqīm. 1.3 Dashes above the vowels a, i and u (ā/ī/ū) indicates “long” vowels, meaning it is to be read up to 2 counts or 2 seconds long as how we read the Basmala: Bismillā-hirraḥmā-nir-raḥīm. 3 Who is this guide for? This guide is for beginners who are not yet able to read Arabic and have just started praying. To make it easier for beginners, we have separated all the recitations - before, during and after the tarawih - which are non-obligatory, so the focus will be on what is obligatory. Users can go straight to the pages with the green book mark. We have prepared this guide with the intention of getting a portion of the reward from Allah, and we intend to ease tarawih prayers for our brothers and sisters who are still beginners, to make sure they do not miss out on the “special offers” of Ramadhan. May Allah bless us all. Love; www.revamp.sg 4 Why should we perform the sunnah Prayers? ;said ﷺ Our Prophet Muhammad “First of the deeds for which a slave will be called to account (on the Day of Resurrection) will be his (obligatory) prayers. If they are complete (he has prospered and succeeded), otherwise Allah (SWT) will say (to the angels): See whether there are any (voluntary) prayers of My slave. If any, Allah will say: Complete (offset) his obligatory prayers with them. (Reported by Ahmad in his Musnad, Abu Daud and Ibn Hibban). “He who is regular at offering twelve raka’at of the sunnah (prayers), Allāh will build for him a house in Paradise: four raka’at before zuhr, two after zuhr, two raka’at after maghrib, two raka’at after ‘isha and two raka’at before fajr.” [Nasa-i, Ibn Majah] "Whoever establishes (voluntary) prayers during the nights of Ramadan faithfully out of sincere faith and hoping to attain Allah's rewards (not for showing off), all his past sins will be forgiven.“ (Bukhari) "Allah, the Exalted, has said: 'I will declare war against him who treats with hostility a pious worshipper of Mine. And the most beloved thing with which My slave comes nearer to Me, is what I have enjoined upon him; and My slave keeps on coming closer to Me through performing Nawafil (voluntary prayers or doing extra deeds besides what is obligatory) until I love him, (so much so that) I become his hearing with which he hears, and his sight with which he sees, and his hand with which he strikes, and his leg with which he walks; and if he asks Me something, I will surely give him, and if he seeks My Protection (refuge), I will surely protect him". [Bukhari] 5 About Tarāwih Tārawih literally means rest and relaxation. It is named as such because one who performs it rest for a while at every 4th raka’at. It is an emphasised sunnah prayer performed only in Ramadān. The number of raka’at (cycle) is 20 consisting of 2 raka’at per set – meaning one salam after every 2 raka’at (2 raka’at x 10 sets = 20 raka’at). Majority of the grand scholars hold the opinion that the Tārawih is 20 raka’at. While some 36 and 8. The time for Tārawih is after the ‘I-shā` prayer has been performed and ends before the time of Fajar / Subuh prayer. The Tārawih need not be done continuously but can be spread over the night. The Tārawih can be performed in Jemaah or even individually. 6 The Obligatory Acts The compulsory acts / movements during (any) prayer are seven: 1. To stand 2. To bow (ruku`) and pause (at least for about 3 seconds) 3. To stand again after the bowing (I’tidal) and pause 4. To prostrate (sujud) and pause 5. To sit and pause 6. To prostrate again and pause Numbers 1 to 6 form a complete “one cycle” or one raka’at. If it is a prayer with 2 raka'at, you have to continue with steps 1 to 6. 7. The last sitting (tahiyyat akhir) Note: It is compulsory to perform the above according to the sequence laid out. 7 The Obligatory Recitations The only compulsory recitations during (any) prayer are : 1. The first takbir: Saying “Allāhu akbar” when we first start the prayer, and setting the intention of the prayer in the heart. 2. Surah Al-Fātihah at every raka’at (beginning with “Bismillā-hir-roh-mā-nirro-hīm, Alhamdulillāhi robbil ‘ā-lamīn….” until; “wa-lad-dhōl-līn”) 3. The Tahiyyat akhir (from “Atta-hiyyā -tul….” Until; “Allā-humma solli ‘a-lā sayyi-dinā Muhammad”) 4. The first salam: to say “Assalāmu-‘a-laikum”, or better adding; “warahma-tullāh”, after we have finished reciting the Tahiyyat Akhir. Note: Making the intentions (niyyah) for prayers is compulsory, and they are made during the takbir. Meaning, your mouth says “Allāhu akbar”, while you say in your heart the intention for example; “I pray tarawih”. 8 The Full Guide 1. Stand facing the qiblah, say the Takbir “Allāhu akbar” (and simultaneously make the intention) while lifting your hands up to your shoulder length and then bringing them down, placing both hands together – right palm over left hand – around your tummy area. هللاAkbar أAllāhuَك ب God is Greatestْ ُ َُ !Note: Do not place your hands at your heart or neck area etc Do not place your legs too far apart. Be “small”, not big! Just relax and do not be stiff! Stand with humility Infront of your Creator. 9 The Full Guide 1. بِسِم ِهلل الَّرحـ ٰم ِن ال َّرِحمِم ْ ْ .Recite surah Al-Fātihah .2 2. الـحمد ِهلل ر ِب العل ِمي َْ َ ْ ُ َ ِّ َْٰ َ Al-Fātihah ِ 3. الَّرْحـمـٰ ِن الَّرحمِم Bis-mil-lā-hir-roḥ-mā-nir-ro-ḥīm .1 4. ملِ ِك يـوِم ال ِدي ِن Alḥamdulil-lāhi robbil ‘ā-lamīn .2 ٰ َْ ِّ Ar-roḥ-mā-nir-ro-ḥīm .3 ِ ِ ِ 5. إََّّي َك نـَْعبُُد َوإََّّي َك ن َ ْسَع ُي Māliki yaw-middīn .4 6. اِه ِدَن ال ِصراط المسَ ِِقمم Iyyā-ka na’-budu wa-iyyā-ka nas-ta-‘īn .5 ْ َ ْ َِّ َ ُْ َْ َ Ih-dinaṣ-ṣirā-thal-mustaqīm .6 ِ َِّ ِ 7. صَرا َط الذي َن أَنْـَع ْم َت َعلَمْهْم Ṣirā-thal-lażīna an-‘amta ‘a-layhim .7 ِ ِ ِ ِ ghai-ril magh-dhū-bi ‘a-layhim wa-ladh-dhōl-līn َغْْي الَْمغْ ُضوب َعلَمْه ْم َواَ ال َّضللِّ َي Al-Fātihah (The Opening) 1. In the name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful Note: To recite any other surah after the Al-Fātihah is sunnah 2. All the praises be to Allāh, the Lord of the universe (recommended), and not compulsory. So if you know any surah, you 3. The Most Gracious, the Most Merciful can recite them after reciting the Al-Fātihah. For example short 4. Master of the Day of Judgement surahs like Qul-huwallāhu ahad (Surah Al-Ikhlās) for the first raka'ah 5. You Alone we worship, and You Alone we ask for help and Qul a-‘ū-zu bi robbinnās (Surah An-Nās) for the second raka'ah. 6. Guide us to the straight path 7. The path of those whom You bless upon them, Not the path of those who earned Your anger, nor of those who went astray 10 The Full Guide 3. Bow (ruku`) and pause for about the length of saying Sub-haa-nallaah (3 seconds pause will be safe). 4. Rise from the bowing (I’tidal) , hands at your sides, and pause. 5. Prostrate (sujud) and pause. Prostrate with your forehead, both palms, knees and toes. 6. Sit and pause. 7. Prostrate (sujud) again and pause. 8. Stand for the second raka’at. 9. Repeat steps 2 to 7. Note: If you do not know the recitations during the ruku`, sujud and sit, you may just say: “Sub-haa-nallah” 11 The Full Guide 10. Sit and recite the tahiyyat akhir. 1. Atta-ḥiyyā-tul-mu-bā-ra-kā-tuṣ-ṣolawā-tut-thoyyi-bā-tu lillāh 2. As-salā-mu ‘a-layka ayyu-han-nabiyyu waraḥ-matullā-hi wabara-kā-tuh 3. As-salā-mu ‘a-lay-nā wa ‘a-lā ‘i-bā-dil-lā-hiṣ-ṣōliḥīn ِ َِّ ِ .Ash-hadu al-lā ilāha il-lallāh .4 اَلََّحمَّل ُت الُْمبَلَرَكل ُت ال َّصلََوا ُت الطـــمِّـــبَــل ُت هلل . Wa ash-hadu anna muḥammadar-rasūlullāh .5 السَلم علمك أَيـهل النَِّب ورحـمة ِهللا وبـركلته . Allā-humma ṣolli ‘a-lā sayyidinā muḥammad .6 َ ََّ ُ ََْ َ َُّ ُّ ََ ْ َ ُ ََ َ ُُ wa ‘a-lā ā-li sayyidinā muḥammad .7 ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ َ اَل َّسََلُم َعلَْمـنَل َوَعلَى عبَلد هلل ال َّصللـحَْ ي.