DOCSLIB.ORG

Coleoptera, Ptiliidae), and a Discussion of Two Regionally Extinct Species

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Coleoptera, Ptiliidae), and a Discussion of Two Regionally Extinct Species New Swedish records of Feather-wing beetles (Coleoptera, Ptiliidae), and a discussion of two regionally extinct species MIKAEL SORENSSON Sörensson, M.: New Swedish records of Feather-wing beetles (Coleoptera, Ptiliidae), and a discussion of two regionally extinct species. [Nya fynd av fjädervingar (Coleoptera, Pti- liidae) i Sverige, samt en diskussion kring två regionalt utdöda arter.l - Entomologisk Tidskrift 121(4): 181-188. Lund, Sweden 2000. ISSN 0013-886x. New data on 22 North European species of Feather-wing beetles (Coleoptera, Ptiliidae) are presented. Actidium coarctatum (Haliday) and Actinopterytr fwcicola (Allibert) are consi- dered extinct in Sweden as well as in the Baltic region, the possible reasons for which are discussed. Unknown large scale processes seem to be responsible for their overall retreat in northern and northwestern Europe. A. coarctatum should be added to the Danish list. The type material of Ptilium elongatum Thomson (= Actidium coarctatum (Haliday)) is discus- sed. Twenty four new provincial records are added to the Swedish catalogue (Lundberg 1995), among them some rare species. The fourth locality known in the world for Oligella nana (A. Strand) as well as the southemmost record of Baranowskiella ehnstromi Sörens- son in the Palearctic region is reported. M. Sörensson, Department of Systematic Zoology, Lund University, Helgonavägen 3, SE- 223 62 Lund. Sweden. E-mail: <mikael.sorensson@ zool.lu.se> Introduction Since the publication of the last report on Swe- result of directed, local inventory work with the dish and North European Featherwing beetles aid of window traps. Window traps may be quite (Sörensson 1994) additional finds as well as new efficient for trapping ptiliid species with high or data have increased our understanding of the moderate dispersal capacity, i.e. species tied to geographical distribution, dynamics and ecology more or less ephemeral habitats, but is less suited of the group. Besides new provincial records for species inhabiting more stable environments. from Sweden this paper focuses on two species However, trapping is also dependent on the previously recorded from the Baltic region but arrangement and location ofthe trap. For faunis- now considered extinct. There is currently a great , tic inventoiies ofPtiliidae traps usually has to be need for updating the taxonomic and faunisticr supplemented by directed search efforts, primari- knowledge of European Ptiliidae. It is my inten- ly by the means of a sieve. In a few cases, e.g. tion to presenl similar revisionary notes concer- gents Actidinm Matth. and Nanoselline species ning Ptiliidae on a Central European or Pan- such as Baranowskiella ehnstromi Sörensson European basis in the future. (see below), manual search in specific habitats is required. If not otherwise stated the specimens referred Material and collectors to below are preserved in the collection of the Private as well as public collections of Ptiliidae original collector. New provincial records are were investigated. Many recent records are the marked with an asterisk (*). 181 Mikael Sörenssr.tn Ent. Tidskr. 121 (2000) Collectors and/or private collections: Göran Andersson (GA), Peter Cederström (PC), Alan Dufberg (AD), Bertil Ericson (BE), Bo Henriks- son (BH), Nicklas Jansson (NJ), Åke Lindelöw (AL), Roger Pettersson (RP), Henrik Wald6n (Hw). Museum collections: BMNH = British Muse- um of Natural History in London; NMG = Mu- seum of Natural History in Gothenburg (Natur- historiska museet i Göteborg); RM = Museum of Natural History in Stockholm (Naturhistoris- ka riksmuseet i Stockholm); ZML = Zoological Museum in Lund (Zoologiska museet i Lund). Species now extinct in the Baltic region Ac tidium c o arctatum (Haliday) Species of Actidium Matthews are primarily found in the littoral zone of fresh and saline wa- ter. Several species have been recorded from shores of rivers, ponds and lakes but also from coastal areas in tropical and subtropical latitu- des. From Sweden only the halophilous Acri- dium conrctatum (Haliday) has been recorded (Fig. 1). It is a western Palearctic species widely distributed along the coasts in the northeastern Atlantic region. It is rather common by the Mediterranean sea and in North Africa. Towards the north it becomes much sparser, and at coasts in northern Europe it is considered very rare. Fig. L Actidium coarctatum (HaLiday). Bodylength: 0.65 mm. lllustration M. Sörcnssort. As with Actinopteryx fucicola (Allibert) (see below) this halophilous, seashore-dwelling spe- cies has in Scandinavia long been known only (Thomson 1855). It was an attempt to catch up liom nineteenth century records. Swedish cata- with the modern results concerning nomenclatu- logues, from Grill (1896) and onwards, records re, faunistics and taxonomy recently presented it from the province of Skåne (Scania) in south- by continental authors such as Erichson, Gill- ernmost Sweden. West (1940-41) mentioned an meister and Motschulsky. The work was the re- old find from Copenhagen but doubted its Da- sult of Thomson's own collecting experience nish origin, which caused subsequent authors to and knowledge of the group, although he leaned erroneously delete it from the Danish list of heavily on the authorities mentioned. Coleoptera (e.g. Hansen 1996). Scandinavian In this paper Thomson briefly mentioned P records sometimes went under the name Ptilium elongatum as having been found "under a stone elongatum Thomson. Incidently Thomson's and by a dunghill in the Lund vicinity". Collector, Haliday's names were published the same year date or exact locality were not mentioned. In (1855), but Haliday's name has been considered "Skandinaviens Coleoptera" (Thomson 1862) as having priority since. he slightly altered the phrase to: "Rare. Found at Thomson described Ptilium elongatum in a Lund under rotting organic matter", while in the paper presenting a monographic review of the supplement (Thomson 1867) he forwarded com- Swedish species of Trichopterlgia (= Ptiliidae) pletely new information: "found at Malmö by 182 Ent. Tidskr. 121 (2000) Feather-wing beetles in Northern Eurctpe lector L. Stenberg". Thus there seemed to be two elongatum for comparison" [with P. coarctatum finds of P. elongatum, one near Lund and one Halidayl. The Stenberg-specimen ref-erred to near Malmö. This information was later reite- above is obviously identical to that specimen. rated by Grill ( 1896). The find near Lund, about Matthews' wording "unique" sounds odd since I0 kilometres inland from the coast of the Baltic there were more than one Swedish specimen Sea, seems extraordinary since this halophilous known at the time. It could possibly indicate that species is generally known to occllr on the sea- the original Råby-specimen was already lost. shore under seaweed and other rotting organic The pair of pins in the upper row are similar matter. However, in Great Britain (Fowler 1889; to each other, stout, contemporary with large Hyman & Parsons 1994) and Ireland (Matthews heads. The cardboards are triangular but with 1883), and in southern Europe (Lundberg et al. the apex cut off in a characteristic manner. The 1987) A. coarctatum has occasionally been left cardboard has three specimens irregularly found off the coast in farmyards and hotbeds, in mounted while the right has only one. All speci- organic refuse along rivers, and even among mens are well preserved and belong to Actidium litter and rotting leaves. coarctatum. No labels are present. These pins The main collection ("Berlin-collection") of and mounts are identical to a third pin standing C.C. Thomson in Lund (ZML) contains 4 old in Thomson's collection of doublettes. This pin pins standing 2+2 in two rows under "Ptilium holds three well preserved specimens of A. elongatum" (Thomson's handwriting). The lo- coarctatum, irregularly mounted, and an elon- wer right is a very thin contemporary pin with a gate label in Thomson's handwriting (pencil) small, tiny triangular cardboard attached (origi- with interesting information: "Ptilium elonga- nal Thomson mounting). Unfortunately no spe- tum Tång" (Tång = seaweed). At this time ento- cimen is present. The pin bears an old, square mologists generally only labelled the first pin in label with "Råby stg 914" written in ink a row. The identical pins and mounts suggest (Thomson's style). Råby is a small village just that all three pins belong to one and the same outside Lund. The abbreviation "stg" is not de- collecting series. The word "Tång" indicates cipherable but could possibly be "stallgödsel" that the specimens probably were collected in (dunghill). Thomson often abbreviated names, Sweden, possibly somewhere along the Scanian since his labels were very small. coastline, under seaweed. The lower left pin is younger, black and In collectio Boheman (RM) a filth pin bea- rather thick. lt bears an almost perfect specimen ring a Swedish specimen of A. coarctatum was of Actidium coarctatum mounted under a plastic discovered under "Ptilium elongatum". It is "window" on a larger hexagonal, double card- mounted on a very small, square cardboard at- board. The tbllowing labels are attached: / tached to a very thin, contemporary pin. Two "(elongatum) coarctatum Type from Thomson small, square labels are present: /"Sc"/"Stenb"/ Dec.br 1867" (in A. Matthews' handwriting) / (= Scania/L. Stenberg) written in ink (not Thom- "elongatum" (Thomson's handwriting) /"Mö" son). This specimen possibly also emanates (printed; = Malmö)/"Stbg" (printed; = Sten- fiom Stenberg's collecting site at Malmö. berg)/. The blue label and the mounting techni- I suspect that the Råby-pin with the missing que is typical of the British coleopterist Andrew specimen bore the (sole?) syntype of Ptilium Matthews. whose main collection of Ptiliidae is elongatum Thomson, 1855. The accurate des- preserved in London (BMNH). cription and the coffect interpretation of additio- It is known that Thomson, on a request from nal specimens indicate that Thomson's interpre- Matthews, sent some ptiliid beetles for investi- tation of the species was correct, and that the gation (cfr. Matthews 1866), among others missing specimen therefore was coffectly iden- Baeocrara littoralis (Thomson, 1855) (= B. v,r- tified.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Beetle Appreciation Diversity and Classification of Common Beetle Families Christopher E
    Beetle Appreciation Diversity and Classification of Common Beetle Families Christopher E. Carlton Louisiana State Arthropod Museum Coleoptera Families Everyone Should Know (Checklist) Suborder Adephaga Suborder Polyphaga, cont. •Carabidae Superfamily Scarabaeoidea •Dytiscidae •Lucanidae •Gyrinidae •Passalidae Suborder Polyphaga •Scarabaeidae Superfamily Staphylinoidea Superfamily Buprestoidea •Ptiliidae •Buprestidae •Silphidae Superfamily Byrroidea •Staphylinidae •Heteroceridae Superfamily Hydrophiloidea •Dryopidae •Hydrophilidae •Elmidae •Histeridae Superfamily Elateroidea •Elateridae Coleoptera Families Everyone Should Know (Checklist, cont.) Suborder Polyphaga, cont. Suborder Polyphaga, cont. Superfamily Cantharoidea Superfamily Cucujoidea •Lycidae •Nitidulidae •Cantharidae •Silvanidae •Lampyridae •Cucujidae Superfamily Bostrichoidea •Erotylidae •Dermestidae •Coccinellidae Bostrichidae Superfamily Tenebrionoidea •Anobiidae •Tenebrionidae Superfamily Cleroidea •Mordellidae •Cleridae •Meloidae •Anthicidae Coleoptera Families Everyone Should Know (Checklist, cont.) Suborder Polyphaga, cont. Superfamily Chrysomeloidea •Chrysomelidae •Cerambycidae Superfamily Curculionoidea •Brentidae •Curculionidae Total: 35 families of 131 in the U.S. Suborder Adephaga Family Carabidae “Ground and Tiger Beetles” Terrestrial predators or herbivores (few). 2600 N. A. spp. Suborder Adephaga Family Dytiscidae “Predacious diving beetles” Adults and larvae aquatic predators. 500 N. A. spp. Suborder Adephaga Family Gyrindae “Whirligig beetles” Aquatic, on water
    [Show full text]
  • The Phylogeny of Ptiliidae (Coleoptera: Staphylinoidea) – the Smallest Beetles and Their Evolutionary Transformations
    77 (3): 433 – 455 2019 © Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, 2019. The phylogeny of Ptiliidae (Coleoptera: Staphylinoidea) – the smallest beetles and their evolutionary transformations ,1, 2 3 4 Alexey A. Polilov* , Ignacio Ribera , Margarita I. Yavorskaya , Anabela Cardoso 3, Vasily V. Grebennikov 5 & Rolf G. Beutel 4 1 Department of Entomology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Alexey A. Polilov * [polilov@gmail. com] — 2 Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, Hanoi, Vietnam — 3 Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain; Ignacio Ribera [[email protected]]; Anabela Cardoso [[email protected]] — 4 Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, FSU Jena, Jena, Germany; Margarita I. Yavorskaya [[email protected]]; Rolf G. Beutel [[email protected]] — 5 Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Canada; Vasily V. Grebennikov [[email protected]] — * Cor- responding author Accepted on November 13, 2019. Published online at www.senckenberg.de/arthropod-systematics on December 06, 2019. Published in print on December 20, 2019. Editors in charge: Martin Fikáček & Klaus-Dieter Klass. Abstract. The smallest beetles and the smallest non-parasitic insects belong to the staphylinoid family Ptiliidae. Their adult body length can be as small as 0.325 mm and is generally smaller than 1 mm. Here we address the phylogenetic relationships within the family using formal analyses of adult morphological characters and molecular data, and also a combination of both for the frst time. Strongly supported clades are Ptiliidae + Hydraenidae, Ptiliidae, Ptiliidae excl. Nossidium, Motschulskium and Sindosium, Nanosellini, and a clade comprising Acrotrichis, Smicrus, Nephanes and Baeocrara. A group comprising Actidium, Oligella and Micridium + Ptilium is also likely monophy- letic.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution and Genomic Basis of Beetle Diversity
    The evolution and genomic basis of beetle diversity Duane D. McKennaa,b,1,2, Seunggwan Shina,b,2, Dirk Ahrensc, Michael Balked, Cristian Beza-Bezaa,b, Dave J. Clarkea,b, Alexander Donathe, Hermes E. Escalonae,f,g, Frank Friedrichh, Harald Letschi, Shanlin Liuj, David Maddisonk, Christoph Mayere, Bernhard Misofe, Peyton J. Murina, Oliver Niehuisg, Ralph S. Petersc, Lars Podsiadlowskie, l m l,n o f l Hans Pohl , Erin D. Scully , Evgeny V. Yan , Xin Zhou , Adam Slipinski , and Rolf G. Beutel aDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152; bCenter for Biodiversity Research, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152; cCenter for Taxonomy and Evolutionary Research, Arthropoda Department, Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, 53113 Bonn, Germany; dBavarian State Collection of Zoology, Bavarian Natural History Collections, 81247 Munich, Germany; eCenter for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, 53113 Bonn, Germany; fAustralian National Insect Collection, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; gDepartment of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Institute for Biology I (Zoology), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; hInstitute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany; iDepartment of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Wien, Wien 1030, Austria; jChina National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, 518083 Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; kDepartment of Integrative Biology, Oregon State
    [Show full text]
  • Comparison of Coleoptera Emergent from Various Decay Classes of Downed Coarse Woody Debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Insecta Mundi Florida 11-30-2012 Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA Michael L. Ferro Louisiana State Arthropod Museum, [email protected] Matthew L. Gimmel Louisiana State University AgCenter, [email protected] Kyle E. Harms Louisiana State University, [email protected] Christopher E. Carlton Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi Ferro, Michael L.; Gimmel, Matthew L.; Harms, Kyle E.; and Carlton, Christopher E., "Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA" (2012). Insecta Mundi. 773. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/773 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Insecta Mundi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. INSECTA A Journal of World Insect Systematics MUNDI 0260 Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains Na- tional Park, USA Michael L. Ferro Louisiana State Arthropod Museum, Department of Entomology Louisiana State University Agricultural Center 402 Life Sciences Building Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, U.S.A. [email protected] Matthew L. Gimmel Division of Entomology Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology University of Kansas 1501 Crestline Drive, Suite 140 Lawrence, KS, 66045, U.S.A.
    [Show full text]
  • Current Classification of the Families of Coleoptera
    The Great Lakes Entomologist Volume 8 Number 3 - Fall 1975 Number 3 - Fall 1975 Article 4 October 1975 Current Classification of the amiliesF of Coleoptera M G. de Viedma University of Madrid M L. Nelson Wayne State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation de Viedma, M G. and Nelson, M L. 1975. "Current Classification of the amiliesF of Coleoptera," The Great Lakes Entomologist, vol 8 (3) Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol8/iss3/4 This Peer-Review Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Biology at ValpoScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Great Lakes Entomologist by an authorized administrator of ValpoScholar. For more information, please contact a ValpoScholar staff member at [email protected]. de Viedma and Nelson: Current Classification of the Families of Coleoptera THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST CURRENT CLASSIFICATION OF THE FAMILIES OF COLEOPTERA M. G. de viedmal and M. L. els son' Several works on the order Coleoptera have appeared in recent years, some of them creating new superfamilies, others modifying the constitution of these or creating new families, finally others are genera1 revisions of the order. The authors believe that the current classification of this order, incorporating these changes would prove useful. The following outline is based mainly on Crowson (1960, 1964, 1966, 1967, 1971, 1972, 1973) and Crowson and Viedma (1964). For characters used on classification see Viedma (1972) and for family synonyms Abdullah (1969). Major features of this conspectus are the rejection of the two sections of Adephaga (Geadephaga and Hydradephaga), based on Bell (1966) and the new sequence of Heteromera, based mainly on Crowson (1966), with adaptations.
    [Show full text]
  • From Tethyan-Influenced Cretaceous Ambers
    Geoscience Frontiers 7 (2016) 695e706 HOSTED BY Contents lists available at ScienceDirect China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Geoscience Frontiers journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/gsf Research paper Evolutionary and paleobiological implications of Coleoptera (Insecta) from Tethyan-influenced Cretaceous ambers David Peris a,*, Enrico Ruzzier b, Vincent Perrichot c, Xavier Delclòs a a Departament de Dinàmica de la Terra i de l’Oceà and Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Facultat de Geologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franques s/n, 08071 Barcelona, Spain b Department of Life Science, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Rd, SW7 5BD London, UK c UMR CNRS 6118 Géosciences & OSUR, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes cedex, France article info abstract Article history: The intense study of coleopteran inclusions from Spanish (Albian in age) and French (AlbianeSantonian Received 23 September 2015 in age) Cretaceous ambers, both of Laurasian origin, has revealed that the majority of samples belong to Received in revised form the Polyphaga suborder and, in contrast to the case of the compression fossils, only one family of 25 December 2015 Archostemata, one of Adephaga, and no Myxophaga suborders are represented. A total of 30 families Accepted 30 December 2015 from Spain and 16 families from France have been identified (with almost twice bioinclusions identified Available online 16 January 2016 in Spain than in France); 13 of these families have their most ancient representatives within these ambers. A similar study had previously only been performed on Lebanese ambers (Barremian in age and Keywords: Beetle Gondwanan in origin), recording 36 coleopteran families. Few lists of taxa were available for Myanmar Fossil (Burmese) amber (early Cenomanian in age and Laurasian in origin).
    [Show full text]
  • Coleoptera: Myxophaga) and the Systematic Position of the Family and Suborder
    Eur. J. Entomol. 103: 85–95, 2006 ISSN 1210-5759 On the head morphology of Lepiceridae (Coleoptera: Myxophaga) and the systematic position of the family and suborder ERIC ANTON 1 and ROLF G. BEUTEL2 Institut für Spezielle Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie mit Phyletischem Museum, FSU Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany; e-mails: 1 [email protected], 2 [email protected] Key words. Lepiceridae, head morphology, systematic position, function Abstract. Adult head structures of Lepicerus inaequalis were examined in detail and interpreted functionally and phylogenetically. The monogeneric family clearly belongs to Myxophaga. A moveable process on the left mandible is an autapomorphy of the subor- der. Even though Lepiceridae is the “basal” sistergroup of the remaining three myxophagan families, it is likely the group which has accumulated most autapomorphic features, e.g. tuberculate surface structure, internalised antennal insertion, and a specific entogna- thous condition. Adults of Lepiceridae and other myxophagan groups possess several features which are also present in larvae (e.g., premental papillae, semimembranous mandibular lobe). This is probably related to a very similar life style and has nothing to do with “desembryonisation”. Lepiceridae and other myxophagans share a complex and, likely, derived character of the feeding appa- ratus with many polyphagan groups (e.g., Staphyliniformia). The mandibles are equipped with large molae and setal brushes. The latter interact with hairy processes or lobes of the epi- and hypopharynx. This supports a sistergroup relationship between both sub- orders. INTRODUCTION association with semiaquatic species [e.g., Georissus, Lepicerus is a rather enigmatic and highly unusual Paracymus confusus Wooldridge, 1966, Anacaena debilis genus of Coleoptera.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Full Article 514.1KB .Pdf File
    Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria 56(2):659-666 (1997) 28 February 1997 https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.1997.56.67 BIODIVERSITY OF NEW ZEALAND BEETLES (INSECTA, COLEOPTERA) J. KLIMASZEWSK.I Manaaki Whenua — Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand Present address: BC Research. 3650 Weshrook Mall, Vancouver V6S SLS, Canada Abstract Klimaszewski, J., 1 997. Biodiversity of New Zealand beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera). Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria 56(2): 659-666. Approximately 5235 species are described for New Zealand, including 354 introduced. They belong to 82 families in two suborders, Adephaga and Polyphaga. The New Zealand beetle fauna is distinguished by the absence of many major lineages, a high level of endem- ism. which in many groups is over 90% at the specific level and over 43% at the generic level (e.g.. Staphylinidae), and the radiation of many groups of genera and species. The origins of New Zealand's beetle fauna are still poorly understood. They are likely to be varied, includ- ing Gondwanan elements and elements which arrived here by short and long-distance dispersal recently and in the remote past. The size of the New Zealand beetle fauna is con- sistent with species number/land area relationships in other areas around the world. Introduction Zealand beetles is that of Kuschel (1990), in the suburb of Lynfield, Auckland, in which 982 The beetles are the largest order of organisms, beetle species were recorded in a diverse veg- with over 350 000 described species world- etation including remnant forest, pastureland, wide. and suburban garden.
    [Show full text]
  • Extraordinary Flight Performance of the Smallest Beetles BRIEF REPORT
    Extraordinary flight performance of the smallest beetles BRIEF REPORT Sergey E. Farisenkov (Сергей Фарисенков)a,b,1, Nadejda A. Lapina (Надежда Лапина)a, Pyotr N. Petrov (Пётр Петров)a, and Alexey A. Polilov (Алексей Полилов)a,b,1 aDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia; and bSouthern Branch, Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, Ho Chi Minh 70000, Vietnam Edited by David A. Weitz, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, and approved September 1, 2020 (received for review June 16, 2020) Size is a key to locomotion. In insects, miniaturization leads to Allometric analysis shows that the slopes of the median speed fundamental changes in wing structure and kinematics, making (Vmed) and median horizontal speed (Vmed.h) do not differ be- the study of flight in the smallest species important for basic tween the two groups (Fig. 1 A and B), while the elevation is biology and physics, and, potentially, for applied disciplines. significantly higher in Ptiliidae (−0.52 in Ptiliidae and −1.02 in However, the flight efficiency of miniature insects has never been other staphylinoids; Huber’s M estimation P < 0.001 for studied, and their speed and maneuverability have remained Vmed; −0.48 in Ptiliidae and −1.05 in other staphylinoids, P = unknown. We report a comparative study of speeds and acceler- 0.003 for Vmed.h), which shows that the speeds in ptiliids are ations in the smallest free-living insects, featherwing beetles higher than in other staphylinoids of comparable body sizes. The (Coleoptera: Ptiliidae), and in larger representatives of related maximum speed (Vmax) and maximum horizontal speed (Vmax.h) groups of Staphylinoidea.
    [Show full text]
  • Studies of Bolivian Ptiliidae (Coleoptera) 1: the Genus Cissidium Motschulsky with Six New Species
    Zootaxa 3937 (1): 179–190 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3937.1.9 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EEEF929E-9026-4997-9F17-299632231621 Studies of Bolivian Ptiliidae (Coleoptera) 1: The genus Cissidium Motschulsky with six new species MICHAEL DARBY Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract This is the first report on a collection of Ptiliidae from Bolivian forest leaf litter made by Dr Petr Baňař of the Brno Mu- seum (Czech Republic). Six new species in the genus Cissidium Motschulsky, are described and figured: C. amboroensis, sp. n., C. globosum, sp. n., C. elongatum, sp. n., C. lisae sp. n., C. petri sp. n. and C. tigrum, sp. n.. The relationship of Cissidium to Dacrysoma Grebennikov and its position in the tribe Discheramocephalini is discussed, and the generic de- scription revised so as to encompass all valid species. Key words: Coleoptera, Ptiliidae, Dacrysoma, Cissidium, new species, Bolivia, key to species Introduction The ptiliid fauna of Bolivia remains virtually unknown. With the exception of Xenopteryx setosus Dybas, described from termite nests in the far north of the country (El Beni Province) (Dybas, 1961) and Discheramocephalus stewarti Grebennikov from forest litter near Villa Tunari (Cochabamba Province) (Grebennikov, 2008), I am not aware of any other published species. This report is based on a collection of 2,786 Ptiliidae made in central Bolivia (Cochabamba and Santa Cruz Provinces) by Dr Petr Baňař of the Moravian Museum (Brno, Czech Republic) in November 2013.
    [Show full text]
  • The First European Records of the Pantropical Genus Bambara VUILLET, and a Review of the Immigrant Featherwing Beetles in Europe (Coleoptera: Ptiliidae)
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Koleopterologische Rundschau Jahr/Year: 2004 Band/Volume: 74_2004 Autor(en)/Author(s): Sörensson Mikael, Johnson Colin Artikel/Article: The first European records of the pantropical genus Bambara VUILLET, and a review of the immigrant featherwing beetles in Europe (Coleoptera: Ptiliidae). 287-302 Koleopterologische Rundschau 74 287-302 Wien, Juni 2004 The first European records of the pantropical genus Bambara VuiLLET, and a review of the immigrant featherwing beetles in Europe (Coleoptera: Ptiliidae) M. SÖRENSSON & C. JOHNSON Abstract The Nearctic featherwing beetle Bambara fusca (DYBAS, 1966) and the pantropical B. contorta (DYBAS, 1966) are reported from north-western Germany, being the first European records of the genus Bambara VuiLLET, 1911 (Coleoptera: Ptiliidae). They are regarded as recent immigrants, possibly introduced by the import of sawmill products. Diagnostic characters are briefly described, illustrated and keyed, and an extension of the key to the Central European genera of Ptiliidae by BESUCHET (1971) is given. The 14 Bambara species of the world are tabulated with their distribution known so far. Previous introductions of 11 further ptiliid species into Europe are summarized and discussed and the oldest known records, or the references referring to such, are accounted for. Parthenogenesis by European species of Ptiliidae is shown to be statistically highly correlated with immigration (P<0.001) and, thus, a powerful tool for dispersal. Ptinella johnsoni R.UTANEN is reported from Norway, Baeocrara japonica (MATTHEWS) from Belarus and Slovakia, and Acrotrichis insularis (MÄKLIN) from the Czech Republic for the first time.
    [Show full text]
  • Head Morphology of the Smallest Beetles (Coleoptera: Ptiliidae) and the Evolution of Sporophagy Within Staphyliniformia)
    75 (3): 417– 434 20.12.2017 © Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, 2017. Head morphology of the smallest beetles (Coleoptera: Ptiliidae) and the evolution of sporophagy within Staphyliniformia) Margarita Yavorskaya *, 1, Rolf Georg Beutel 1 & Alexey Polilov 2, 3 1 Institut für Spezielle Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie, Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany; Margarita Yavorskaya [[email protected]]; Rolf Georg Beutel [[email protected]] — 2 Department of Entomology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1 – 12, Moscow, Russia; Alexey Polilov [[email protected]] — 3 Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, Hanoi, Vietnam — * Corresponding author Accepted 11.viii.2017. Published online at www.senckenberg.de/arthropod-systematics on 11.xii.2017. Editors in charge: Joe McHugh & Klaus-Dieter Klass Abstract Ptiliidae include the smallest known beetles. External and internal head structures of species with different body sizes and feeding prefer­ ences were examined and described in detail. Saprophagous and sporophagous species are compared. The observed features are evaluated with respect to their phylogenetic and functional significance, and their correlation with extreme size reduction. A putative autapomorphy of Staphyliniformia is an unusual extrinsic maxillary muscle, which among ptiliids is only present in the saprophagous species. Synapo­ morphies of Ptiliidae and their sister group Hydraenidae are a lateral mandibular process forming a unique locking device with a lateral groove of the labrum, and mandibles divided into a main body and a mesal molar part, both connected by a membrane. Extreme body size reduction is a presumptive autapomorphy of Ptiliidae that probably resulted in the following derived features: the loss of cephalic sutures and ridges, a simplified tentorium, and a brain modified in shape and very large in relation to the head size.
    [Show full text]