TABLE of CONTENTS Preface Vii a Note on the Text and Translation Of
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MYANMAR Full Moon Festival, Temples and Waterways
MYANMAR Full Moon Festival, Temples and Waterways Dates: Dec. 29, 2017—Jan. 10, 2018 Cost: $3,450 (Double Occupancy) Explore the rich cultural depths of this little known country from Buddhist temples to fishing communities, with the highlight of the Full Moon Festival in Bagan. !1 ! ! ! Daily Itinerary Rooted in history and rich in culture, Myanmar (formerly known as Burma) is a country filled with awe inspiring Buddhist temples and British colonial structures. The diversity of the local people can be seen with the traditional one legged fishing style on Lake Inle to the rituals of the pilgrims at the Shwedagon Pagoda. We will traverse this magnificent country, starting in the south at Yangon, and hopping to the banks of the Ayeyarwady River in Bagan for an unmatchable experience. Bagan will be the site of the Full Moon Festival where we will participate in the festivities and sample the local dishes. Then we set out on Lake Inle to see the fisherman, floating gardens and a variety of wildlife. The trip concludes in the northern city of Mandalay for once last adventure in this captivating country. Day 1 | Friday, December 29 | Yangon Upon midday arrival in Yangon, your local guide will meet and transfer you to the hotel. Once you have a chance to settle in, there will be a group orientation and an invitation to a traditional welcome dinner at the hotel. Grand United Hotel (Ahlone Branch) (D) YANGON (formerly Rangoon) is the former capital of Myanmar and largest city with nearly 7 million inhabitants. The center of political and economic power under British colonial rule, it still boasts a unique mixture of modern buildings and traditional wooden structures with numerous parks, it was known as the “Garden of the East”. -
Ruling the Countryside
3 Ruling the Countryside Fig. 11Fig. – Robert Clive accepting the Diwani of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa from the Mughal ruler in 1765 The Company Becomes the Diwan On 12 August 1765, the Mughal emperor appointed the East India Company as the Diwan of Bengal. The actual event most probably took place in Robert Clive’s tent, with a few Englishmen and Indians as witnesses. But in the painting above, the event is shown as a majestic occasion, taking place in a grand setting. The painter was commissioned by Clive to record the memorable events in Clive’s life. The grant of Diwani clearly was one such event in British imagination. As Diwan, the Company became the chief financial administrator of the territory under its control. Now it had to think of administering the land and organising its revenue resources. This had to be done in a way that could yield enough revenue to meet the growing expenses of the company. A trading company had also to ensure that it could buy the products it needed and sell what it wanted. 26 OUR PASTS – III 2021-22 Over the years the Company also learnt that it had to move with some caution. Being an alien power, it needed to pacify those who in the past had ruled the countryside, and enjoyed authority and prestige. Those who had held local power had to be controlled but they could not be entirely eliminated. How was this to be done? In this chapter we will see how the Company came to colonise the countryside, organise revenue resources, redefine the rights of people, and produce the crops it wanted. -
4D3N Mandalay, Mahamuni Pagoda, Amarapura, Mingun Bell, Pyin Oo
Cultural & Heritage *4D3N Mandalay, Mahamuni Pagoda, Amarapura, Mingun Bell, Pyin Oo Lwin Highland, U Bein Bridge* Greatest Values of All • Maha Ant Htoo Kan Thar Pagoda • Pyin Oo Lwin Highland • 3-nights stay in Mandalay • Amarapura Discovery Tour • Mandalay Palace Discovery Tour • 19th century Shwenandaw Monastery • Kandawgyi Botanical Garden • Boat cruise to explore Mingun Stupa • Admire the sunset at Mandalay Hill Shwenandaw Monastery Itinerary Day 1 Discover the 18th century Mandalay Palace (L/D) Arrive at Mandalay International Airport Meet & greet by tour guide at the airport’s arrival gate Enjoy Lunch at Local Restaurant Discover the 18th century Mandalay Palace, the Royal Palace of the last Burmese monarchy Marvel at the 19th century Shwenandaw Monastery, famous for its exquisite woodcarving and architecture Admire the sunset at Mandalay Hill, overlooking Mandalay Palace Enjoy Dinner at Local Restaurant Check in hotel in Mandalay for 3-nights Day 2 Explore the Ancient Ruins of Mingun Pahtodawgyi (B/L/D) Travel to Amarapura, Myanmar’s former capital, 1h0m, 22km Selfie-photography at the 200 year-old U Bein Bridge, believe to be the world’s oldest & longest teakwood bridge Visit Mahagandhayon Monastery in Amarapura, Myanmar’s most prominent monastic college Enjoy Lunch at Local Restaurant Take an hour boat cruise along Irrawaddy River to Mingun Town,where the world largest ringing bell exist. During the boat journey, you will see life along the river, fishing villages, market boats, women attending to their washing, and children -
Legends of the Golden Land the Road
The University of North Carolina General Alumni Association LLegendsegends ooff thethe GGoldenolden LLandand aandnd tthehe RRoadoad ttoo MMandalayandalay with UNC’s Peter A. Coclanis February 10 to 22, 2014 ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ Dear Carolina Alumni and Friends: Myanmar, better known as Burma, has recently re-emerged from isolation after spending decades locked away from the world. Join fellow Tar Heels and friends and be among the fi rst Americans to experience this golden land of deeply spiritual Buddhist beliefs, old world traditions and more than one million pagodas. You will become immersed in the country’s rich heritage, the incredible beauty of its landscape and the warmth of friendly people who take great pride in welcoming you to their ancient and enchanting land. Breathtaking moments await you amid the lush greenery and golden plains as you discover great kingdoms that have risen and fallen through thousands of years of history. See the legacy of Britain’s former colony in its architecture and tree-lined boulevards, and the infl uences of China, India and Thailand evident in the art, dance and dress of Myanmar today. Observe and interact with skilled artisans who practice the traditional arts of textile weaving, goldsmithing, lacquerware and wood carving. Meet fascinating people, local experts and musicians who will enhance your experience with educational lectures and insightful presentations. And, along the streets and in the markets you will sense the metta bhavana, the culture of loving kindness that the Burmese extend to you, their special guest. This comprehensive itinerary features colonial Yangon, the archaeological sites of Bagan, the palace of Mandalay and the exquisite Inle Lake, with forays along the fabled Irrawaddy River. -
Mon Buddhist Architecture in Pakkret District, Nonthaburi Province, Thailand During Thonburi and Rattanakosin Periods (1767-1932)
MON BUDDHIST ARCHITECTURE IN PAKKRET DISTRICT, NONTHABURI PROVINCE, THAILAND DURING THONBURI AND RATTANAKOSIN PERIODS (1767-1932) Jirada Praebaisri* and Koompong Noobanjong Department of Industrial Education, Faculty of Industrial Education and Technology, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand *Corresponding author: [email protected] Received: October 3, 2018; Revised: February 22, 2019; Accepted: April 17, 2019 Abstract This research examines the characteristics of Mon Buddhist architecture during Thonburi and Rattanakosin periods (1767-1932) in Pakkret district. In conjunction with the oral histories acquired from the local residents, the study incorporates inquiries on historical narratives and documents, together with photographic and illustrative materials obtained from physical surveys of thirty religious structures for data collection. The textual investigations indicate that Mon people migrated to the Siamese kingdom of Ayutthaya in large number during the 18th century, and established their settlements in and around Pakkret area. Located northwest of the present day Bangkok in Nonthaburi province, Pakkret developed into an important community of the Mon diasporas, possessing a well-organized local administration that contributed to its economic prosperity. Although the Mons was assimilated into the Siamese political structure, they were able to preserve most of their traditions and customs. At the same time, the productions of their cultural artifacts encompassed many Thai elements as well, as evident from Mon Buddhist temples and monasteries in Pakkret. The stylistic analyses of these structures further reveal the following findings. First, their designs were determined by four groups of patrons: Mon laypersons, elite Mons, Thai Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences Studies Vol.19(1): 30-58, 2019 Mon Buddhist Architecture in Pakkret District Praebaisri, J. -
Myanmar Business Guide for Brazilian Businesses
2019 Myanmar Business Guide for Brazilian Businesses An Introduction of Business Opportunities and Challenges in Myanmar Prepared by Myanmar Research | Consulting | Capital Markets Contents Introduction 8 Basic Information 9 1. General Characteristics 10 1.1. Geography 10 1.2. Population, Urban Centers and Indicators 17 1.3. Key Socioeconomic Indicators 21 1.4. Historical, Political and Administrative Organization 23 1.5. Participation in International Organizations and Agreements 37 2. Economy, Currency and Finances 38 2.1. Economy 38 2.1.1. Overview 38 2.1.2. Key Economic Developments and Highlights 39 2.1.3. Key Economic Indicators 44 2.1.4. Exchange Rate 45 2.1.5. Key Legislation Developments and Reforms 49 2.2. Key Economic Sectors 51 2.2.1. Manufacturing 51 2.2.2. Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry 54 2.2.3. Construction and Infrastructure 59 2.2.4. Energy and Mining 65 2.2.5. Tourism 73 2.2.6. Services 76 2.2.7. Telecom 77 2.2.8. Consumer Goods 77 2.3. Currency and Finances 79 2.3.1. Exchange Rate Regime 79 2.3.2. Balance of Payments and International Reserves 80 2.3.3. Banking System 81 2.3.4. Major Reforms of the Financial and Banking System 82 Page | 2 3. Overview of Myanmar’s Foreign Trade 84 3.1. Recent Developments and General Considerations 84 3.2. Trade with Major Countries 85 3.3. Annual Comparison of Myanmar Import of Principal Commodities 86 3.4. Myanmar’s Trade Balance 88 3.5. Origin and Destination of Trade 89 3.6. -
Myanmar Yanmar
MYANMAR - GOLDEN LAND 10 DAYS DAY 1: YANGON – ARRIVAL We will welcome you directly at the Yangon International Airport and our station guide accompanies you to your hotel in the city. Yangon is the former capital of Myanmar. The city, with a population of over 6 million inhabitants, is lined by the Yangon River in the West and the Bago River in the South. Compared with other Asian cities of similar size, it gives the impression of being green and full of trees, above which shimmering pagodas seem to float. The centre of Yangon still retains many impressive old buildings from the British colonial period In the afternoon, take a visit to Sule Pagoda: Situated in the very centre of downtown Yangon, the tall zedi of Sule Pagoda makes an excellent landmark; in fact it’s used as a milestone from which all addresses to the north are measured. Nearby you will visit a British colonial era buildings: City Hall, Immigration office and High Court building, then have a stroll at Mahabandoola Park for a good photo stop and then have a visit to Shwedagon Pagoda: The highlight of any trip to Yangon, and indeed to Myanmar itself, is a visit to the Shwedagon Pagoda, located in midtown Yangon between the People’s Park and the Kandawgyi Lake. The 2,600 years old Shwedagon Pagoda appears most beautiful during the early morning or evening, when you are able to enjoy this gilded sight in different colours. Then drive to hotel in the city and check in. Stay overnight in Yangon DAY 2: YANGON – MANDALAY In the morning, you will be taken to Airport and fly to Mandalay. -
Myanmar | Content | 1 Putao
ICS TRAVEL GROUP is one of the first international DMCs to open own offices in our destinations and has since become a market leader throughout the Mekong region, Indonesia and India. As such, we can offer you the following advantages: Global Network. Rapid Response. With a centralised reservations centre/head All quotation and booking requests are answered office in Bangkok and 7 sales offices. promptly and accurately, with no exceptions. Local Knowledge and Network. Innovative Online Booking Engine. We have operations offices on the ground at every Our booking and feedback systems are unrivalled major destination – making us your incountry expert in the industry. for your every need. Creative MICE team. Quality Experience. Our team of experienced travel professionals in Our goal is to provide a seamless travel experience each country is accustomed to handling multi- for your clients. national incentives. Competitive Hotel Rates. International Standards / Financial Stability We have contract rates with over 1000 hotels and All our operational offices are fully licensed pride ourselves on having the most attractive pricing and financially stable. All guides and drivers are strategies in the region. thoroughly trained and licensed. Full Range of Services and Products. Wherever your clients want to go and whatever they want to do, we can do it. Our portfolio includes the complete range of prod- ucts for leisure and niche travellers alike. ICS TRAVEL ICSGROUPTRAVEL GROUP Contents Introduction 3 Tours 4 Cruises 20 Hotels 24 Yangon 24 Mandalay 30 Bagan 34 Mount Popa 37 Inle Lake 38 Nyaung Shwe 41 Ngapali 42 Pyay 45 Mrauk U 45 Ngwe Saung 46 Excursions 48 Hotel Symbol: ICS Preferred Hotel Style Hotel Boutique Hotel Myanmar | Content | 1 Putao Lahe INDIA INDIA Myitkyina CHINA CHINA Bhamo Muse MYANMAR Mogok Lashio Hsipaw BANGLADESHBANGLADESH Mandalay Monywa ICS TRA VEL GR OUP Meng La Nyaung Oo Kengtung Mt. -
Senior General Than Shwe, Daw Kyaing Kyaing Host Independence Day Commemorative Reception and Dinner
Established 1914 Volume XII, Number264 7th Waxing of Pyatho 1367 ME Thursday, 5 January 2006 Make collaborative efforts to enable the Union of Myanmar to stand as independent nation To enable the Union of Myanmar to stand staunchly among the world's nations as an independent nation and to safeguard its sovereignty perpetually, all of us must make collabora- tive efforts and also strive for greater consolidation of national unity, maintenance of stability and enhancement of national development. Senior General Than Shwe Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services (From message sent to the 50th Anniversary Golden Jubilee Independence Day) Senior General Than Shwe, Daw Kyaing Kyaing host Independence Day commemorative reception and dinner YANGON, 4 Jan — Chairman of the State Peace Secretary-1 of the SPDC Lt-Gen Thein Sein and Chair- General Soe Win and wife Daw Than Than Nwe, and Development Council Senior General Than Shwe man of Yangon Division PDC Lt-Gen Myint Swe, the Secretary-1 Lt-Gen Thein Sein and wife Daw Khin and wife Daw Kyaing Kyaing hosted the 58th Anni- Senior General cordially greeted Dean of the Diplomatic Khin Win, SPDC members and their wives, the versary Independence Day commemorative reception Corps in Myanmar Philippine Ambassador to Myanmar Commander-in-Chief (Navy), the Commander-in- and dinner at the Pyithu Hluttaw building on Pyay Mme Phoebe A Gomez, diplomats of foreign embassies Chief (Air), the Yangon Division PDC chairman, Road here this evening. in Yangon and their spouses, resident representatives of ministers and their wives, the Chief Justice, the At- The Senior General and wife arrived at the build- UN agencies in Yangon and their wives. -
A Homage to Burma Dhamma Pilgrimage Tour with Alan Clements Organized and Guided by His Dear Dhamma Friend, Ms
A Homage to Burma Dhamma Pilgrimage Tour with Alan Clements Organized and Guided by his dear Dhamma friend, Ms. Snow Aye 10 Days/9 Nights - February 10-19, 2020 (Monday to Wednesday) Day 1 Feb 10, 2020 – Arrival and check into hotel in Yangon (after Mahasi retreat ends) Day 2 Feb 11, 2020 – Yangon – visit various places of Dhamma and cultural significance Day 3 Feb 12, 2020 – Yangon - Bagan flight: visit shrines and temples in the ancient capital Day 4 Feb 13, 2020 – Bagan: continue visiting cultural heritage sites and sunset river cruise Day 5 Feb 14, 2020 – Drive Bagan - Monywa into the heart of Burma; visit monasteries; 5 hrs Day 6 Feb 15, 2020 – Visit Monywa & Sagaing Hills, on to Pyin Oo Lwin (hill station) 5 hours Day 7 Feb 16, 2020 – Drive Pyin Oo Lwin to Mandalay: visit Dhamma sites & Mandalay Hill Day 8 Feb 17, 2020 – Visit famous Dhamma sites and on to Amarapura & back to Mandalay Day 9 Feb 18, 2020 – Fly Mandalay-Yangon (stop at Aung San Suu Kyi's home, NLD office, Sayadaw U Pandita's meditation centre, and other Dhamma sites). Day 10 Feb 19, 2020 – Departure (or continue on, as you wish, anywhere in the country) If you wish to continue your journey, Alan will suggest a number of key places and people to visit, and/or you can reside for some time at the Mahasi Meditation Centre to practice. (The itinerary may change based on in route necessities or circumstances beyond our control) FEES, PAYMENT SCHEDULE & DEPOSIT UPON APPLICATION The Pilgrimage Tour is limited to 10 people Produced by Myanmar Compassionate Hands Travels and Tour Co Ltd In conjunction with World Dharma Productions WorldDharma.com / Schedule Email: [email protected] DAY 1 Feb 10, 2020 Monday ARRIVAL TO YANGON stay at Summit Parkview Hotel (D) Upon arrival to the YANGON International airport or transferring from the Mahasi Sasana Yeiktha Meditation Centre in Yangon (MSY) (at the end of the ten-day Wisdom of Mindfulness retreat at noon) you will be welcomed by Ms Snow Aye and her Compassionate Travel Myanmar team and transfer to the hotel. -
The Production of Bhutan's Asymmetrical Inbetweenness in Geopolitics Kaul, N
WestminsterResearch http://www.westminster.ac.uk/westminsterresearch 'Where is Bhutan?': The Production of Bhutan's Asymmetrical Inbetweenness in Geopolitics Kaul, N. This journal article has been accepted for publication and will appear in a revised form, subsequent to peer review and/or editorial input by Cambridge University Press in the Journal of Asian Studies. This version is free to view and download for private research and study only. Not for re-distribution, re-sale or use in derivative works. © Cambridge University Press, 2021 The final definitive version in the online edition of the journal article at Cambridge Journals Online is available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021911820003691 The WestminsterResearch online digital archive at the University of Westminster aims to make the research output of the University available to a wider audience. Copyright and Moral Rights remain with the authors and/or copyright owners. Manuscript ‘Where is Bhutan?’: The Production of Bhutan’s Asymmetrical Inbetweenness in Geopolitics Abstract In this paper, I interrogate the exhaustive ‘inbetweenness’ through which Bhutan is understood and located on a map (‘inbetween India and China’), arguing that this naturalizes a contemporary geopolitics with little depth about how this inbetweenness shifted historically over the previous centuries, thereby constructing a timeless, obscure, remote Bhutan which is ‘naturally’ oriented southwards. I provide an account of how Bhutan’s asymmetrical inbetweenness construction is nested in the larger story of the formation and consolidation of imperial British India and its dissolution, and the emergence of post-colonial India as a successor state. I identify and analyze the key economic dynamics of three specific phases (late 18th to mid 19th centuries, mid 19th to early 20th centuries, early 20th century onwards) marked by commercial, production, and security interests, through which this asymmetrical inbetweenness was consolidated. -
Marginalisation, Revolt and Adaptation: on Changing the Mayamara Tradition*
Journal of Ethnology and Folkloristics 15 (1): 85–102 DOI: 10.2478/jef-2021-0006 MARGINALISATION, REVOLT AND ADAPTATION: ON CHANGING THE MAYAMARA TRADITION* BABURAM SAIKIA PhD Student Department of Estonian and Comparative Folklore University of Tartu Ülikooli 16, 51003, Tartu, Estonia e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Assam is a land of complex history and folklore situated in North East India where religious beliefs, both institutional and vernacular, are part and parcel of lived folk cultures. Amid the domination and growth of Goddess worshiping cults (sakta) in Assam, the sattra unit of religious and socio-cultural institutions came into being as a result of the neo-Vaishnava movement led by Sankaradeva (1449–1568) and his chief disciple Madhavadeva (1489–1596). Kalasamhati is one among the four basic religious sects of the sattras, spread mainly among the subdued communi- ties in Assam. Mayamara could be considered a subsect under Kalasamhati. Ani- ruddhadeva (1553–1626) preached the Mayamara doctrine among his devotees on the north bank of the Brahmaputra river. Later his inclusive religious behaviour and magical skill influenced many locals to convert to the Mayamara faith. Ritu- alistic features are a very significant part of Mayamara devotee’s lives. Among the locals there are some narrative variations and disputes about stories and terminol- ogies of the tradition. Adaptations of religious elements in their faith from Indig- enous sources have led to the question of their recognition in the mainstream neo- Vaishnava order. In the context of Mayamara tradition, the connection between folklore and history is very much intertwined. Therefore, this paper focuses on marginalisation, revolt in the community and narrative interpretation on the basis of folkloristic and historical groundings.