“Innovation for Public Service in Managing in Intrusion of Public Areas”

Roi Et Municipality, Mueang District,

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Innovation for Public Service in Managing in Intrusion of Public Areas

Roi Et Municipality, Mueang Roi Et District, Roi Et Province Table of Content 1. Introduction ...... 1 2. Problems ...... 2 3. Challenges ...... 5 4. Guidelines for problem resolution ...... 5 5. Innovation ...... 6 6. Purpose ...... 8 7. Method of operation ...... 9 8. Success indicators ...... 17 9. Obstacles in operations and solutions to the problem...... 17 10. Benefits ...... 17 11. Result of the operation ...... 18 12. Knowledge Transfer ...... 19 13. Lessons Learned ...... 20

i “Innovation for Public Service in Managing in Intrusion of Public Areas” Roi Et Municipality, Mueang Roi Et District, Roi Et Province ………………………………………………………….

1. Introduction Roi Et Municipality has an area of 11.63 square kilometers with a population of over 36,000 people. It is the plateau which considered an important historical and geographic city in the northeast since ancient times. It is a city that has beautifully laid out the city plan. The remaining and visible characteristics to this day are the canal line around the city and the city wall around the city, which is in the Roi Et municipality. However, due to the development of the city nowadays, the impoverished rural people have come to find work in the city. The creation of a rapidly expanding urban community without plans. Problems in encroaching moat-city walls causing the ancient places to be damaged and deteriorated and became a slum community resulting in severe poverty, health problems, problems of insecurity of residents, and environmental degradation. Roi Et Municipality has therefore planned to solve the housing problems for the invaders in order to improve the quality of life of the people in the community. It also aims to improve the moat-city wall landscape to increase green area. It also affects the quality of life of Roi Et people. Improved scenery in the environment is part of the city to be pleasant, shady, beautiful, and unique. The innovation in intrusion management for public services areas is appropriate methods of operation within the context of each area. We will explain how to operate successfully with content consisting of problems, challenges, objectives, methods of operation, success indicators, problems and obstacles in the operation, solving problems and obstacles, performance results, knowledge transfer, and lessons learned from the operation. The authors hope that innovation report in intrusion management for public service will be useful in resolving problems for other local administrative organizations for people in slum areas. Regardless of which area is experiencing the same problem or not, it will lead to further expansion in developing other areas to make it even more prosperous. We would like to invite everyone who is interested to study in the order of the content presented hereafter.

1 2. Problems Roi Et municipality has an area of 11.63 square kilometers. North: adjacent to Nuea Mueang sub-district. Mueang Roi Et District Roi Et province. South: adjacent to Rob Muang sub-district, Mueang Roi Et District, Roi Et Province. East: adjacent to Nuea Mueang sub-district, Rob Mueang sub-district, Mueang Roi Et District, Roi Et province. West: adjacent to Rob Mueang sub-district, Dong Lan sub-district, Mueang Roi Et District Roi Et Province. Roi Et municipality has 20 communities with a population of over 36,000 people.

Roi Et is a plateau, considered to be an important historical and geographic region of the northeast since ancient times. It is a city that has beautifully laid out the city plan. There is a water canal around the city and the city wall around the city, which is in the Roi Et municipality. However, due to the development of the city nowadays, the impoverished rural people have come to find work in the city. This creates of a rapidly expanding urban community without plans. The problems in encroaching moat-city walls causing the ancient places to be damaged and deteriorated and became a slum. This caused severe poverty, health problems, insecurity of residents, and environmental degradation. From the survey of the intruders, a total of 250 households and 311 families covering 6 communities, including Nong Khen community, Bueng temple community, Phra Aram Luang community, Thung Charoen community,

2 Museum community, and the North temple community. People in the community are engaged in general employment.

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Roi Et Municipality therefore initiated the search for a solution to the problem by using the innovation of intrusion management for public service. This could help the underprivileged and poor people in the area to have safe and secure housing and to help restore the environment. It could make the people to have good health. Solution could reduce crime for people to have better lives and reduce social disparity. At the same time, the state could have restored the historic area which is an important place in history. The work has created a collaborative mechanism for the organization which is integration of government, private sector, community organization to coordinate the operations with the people as the core. They can share ideas, make decisions, being able to secure and have residence rights. They can live with status and dignity.

4 3. Challenges Operations to solve the housing problems in slum areas by using innovations in intrusion management for public services, it is necessary to create a participatory process by integrating collaboration between the public, private and public sectors to join in solving the problem for sustainability. Due to the problem of covered a large area of underprivileged people in slum areas with problems of unstable housing, environment deterioration, and unsafe in life and property. There are more than 311 families. Therefore, is a challenge of Roi Et Municipality in how to help people to have stable home, strong community, and making environment to be restored.

4. Guidelines for problem resolution

Roi-Et Municipality has analyzed the problem and found the conceptual framework for use as a guideline for operations. Initially, considering of the root cause of the problems and needs of the people in order to solve problems based on introducing the royal initiative of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej Bhumibol Adulyadej, Rama 9, to apply "Science of the King": Understanding, Accessing, Developing" Understanding is the creation of an understanding of basic information by studying all dimensions of the community information to find the root of the problem together with the knowledge of royal initiatives nationwide. Accessing is a matter of communication and engagement by focusing on communication, creating understanding and confidence with the community. They together analyze the community problems and needs and allowing the community to participate in the process for the most development. Developing is about learning for the potential of the community. It involves with creating a mentor team, curriculum designing and developing the program. Study trip for education is encouraged to exchange and practice community practices. Including the mentoring team to give advice in the community and follow up, support, evaluate. These 3 steps focus on the development of community ownership and ultimately leading to sustainability. 5

5. Innovation In order to solve the problem, Roi Et Municipality has prepared a plan to solve the housing problems in the slum area together with the people by integrating with various agencies, including government, private sector, community organizations and people. The important mechanism of operation is community organizations at both the community level and the network of community organizations. The main mechanism of work and management involves with many departments as follows. 1. Roi Et Province joint actions in the form of a committee to solve slum problems 2. Roi Et City Municipality is an agency to coordinate collaboration 3. Roi Et Area Treasury Office is the landlord of rights holder 4. The Fine Arts Department is the administrative department of the ancient moat-city walls 5. National Housing Authority issues expenses for basic utility systems (Stable Development Community) and making housing development plans 6. Roi Et Province Cooperative establishes the Cooperative Housing Development Co., Ltd. as a juristic person

6 7. Community Organization Development Institute (Public organization) supports public utilities and housing development subsidies as a source of low-interest loans 8. Rajamangala University of Technology Khon Kaen Campus makes a housing development plan and a plan to prevent/solve slum problems 9. Community organization at both the community level and the community organization network are the main mechanisms 10. People in the area are the core of driving mechanisms.

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6. Purpose In order to solve the housing problem for the invaders in the Roi Et moat and city wall, people were allowed to move to a new place to have a better quality of life. Moreover it can restore the moat - city wall where have been deteriorated to be a historic site and tourist attraction. It is able to increase the green areas in urban areas which makes the city more beautiful. The place can be a fitness facility for improving the physical and mental health of the people.

8 7. Method of operation Roi Et Municipality operates by creating a mechanism for people's participation to create communities in the form of urban networks that will be an important force of development. There is a network connection at all levels, integrating collaboration between government, private sectors, community organization networks, and the people. Since creating a mechanism for the people to be the main driving, this is a force for sustainability. It yields the result in the development of housing security for the poor in slum communities. They are able to solve problems directly to match the needs of the community by collaborating and sharing the power of the community. Also it is in line with the international policy that gives importance to the participation process of every sector. The operation methods as follows. 7.1. Survey of community information This is an overview of the community survey on important issues to contribute to city-level planning. It consists of information on the number of houses/ families, status of security in housing, land acquisition and public utility system.

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7.2. Arrange a forum to understand the related parts. It is conducted in order to create community and local participation in housing development at the city level. It creates understanding and giving information, guidelines for communities and related agencies, especially local authorities, namely municipalities and other agencies associated. This allows communities and locals to participate from the outset of the project.

10 7.3. Plan the city development. After surveying, the community will participate in the conclusion and examination of the survey results to compare and analyze possible problems and provide development planning that covers the entire community. It stabilizes the living of the poor in the city by considering relevant resources such as existing land budget, direction of urban development and jointly invent ways to work. This helps by creating knowledge, connecting knowledge people to come together to work to succeed in order to solve the root which is the cause problems as much as possible.

11 7.4. Setting up savings groups It is the process of saving the community for housing, which promotes the organization of capital systems and funds for sustainable community development.

7.5 Establishing a committee. This is to solve slum problems together with relevant parties consisting of communities, Roi Et municipality, government agencies, and other development partners in the locality. This could connect the development mechanism from communities and local organizations to create a joint mechanism for project implementation. 7.6. Operate in communities that are ready or have urgent problems as follows Year 1993 - 1999 people's committee which was chaired by the Minister of Interior. There was an order appointing a working group to solve the problems of the moat-city wall invasion in order to carry out the community relocation project to find a new location for intruders of the moat-city wall and other public places.

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Year 2010, conducted a Thai Local House project Honor the King by coordinating the request to rent the land from the National Buddhism Office to build houses for the poor invaders.

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Year 2012 ordered the appointment of the committee to implement the housing development plan and the plan to prevent/solve slum problems. Year 2013, there were ongoing operations by having an order to appoint a committee to solve slum problems at the provincial level with the Governor of Roi Et Province as the president. Year 2014, preparation of action plans to solve slum communities around the moat-city walls and Wat Nuea community by allowing people to be the main driving force. Roi Et Municipality was an integrated agency working together with all sectors.

15 Year 2017, the city council ordered the appointment of Roi Et City Council with community leaders, government sector and community organization representatives. There was a committee in the implementation of the Baan Pracharath Ruamjai Project for the needy in slum communities in Wat Nuea community area. Year 2019, construction of a local house, Pracharat Unite project for the underprivileged for 50 houses in the slum communities in Wat Nuea Community. They also prepared a housing development plan to expand the effect of other encroachment problems.

16 8. Success indicators

Internal indicators include percentage of people who have a stable home, savings groups for housing, community occupation group, community leaders to represent the coordination of various departments. External indicators include the consistency of innovation with the problem situation, and/or the consistency with the urban context, concrete objectives in the operation, create mechanisms for public participation, integration of collaboration among government agencies, private organizations, community organizations and citizens as a network for implementing local innovations. Works or products from local innovation projects that impacts of the innovation project on social development, economy, or quality of life of the people.

9. Obstacles in operations and solutions to the problem. Because the people of the invaders in the slum area are people who block themselves from society, making it difficult to access. The work of Roi-Et Municipality has to be a part of the community which makes the operation take a long time. As for the project operations area, there are overlapping areas for many departments causing delays in operations. Therefore, finding a solution by integrating cooperation into a form of a committee order by appointing government agencies, owners of the area and community leaders as a committee to participate in the operation.

10. Benefits 10.1 Value As a result of the project, 311 families in the slum moat-city walls have improved quality of life in all areas. The surrounding environment has been restored and reduce pollution. The invading people have good sanitation, be safe in life and property. Crime and drug problems in the community is reduced. 10.2 Results for organization (Municipality)

17 The moat-city walls have been renovated along the cultural landscape. Roi Et Municipality is a pleasant city to live with happy citizens which is a uniqueness of the province. It is a tourist attraction with a good environment with more green areas that can solve global warming.

11. Result of the operation 1. Development of stable housing for the poor in slum communities that can solve the problem of living. This matches the needs of the community by collaborating and sharing the power of the community. It will be able to solve the problems of household living. 2. A new way to solve the problem of living systematically which will lead to the solution that meets the needs by using local resources efficiently for the most benefits. The operation is under the cooperation between Roi Et City Municipality, local people and government agencies. Coordination leads to further economic and social development. 3. There is a concrete solution to the problems of the poor in the city by allowing the poor to be stable and have the rights, status and dignity. Because of the solution to this housing security problem will be carried out together with economic, social, welfare development for the environment of the community, it will lead to concrete solutions to the problems of the poor that are continuously linked and connected with the problem structure. 4. People in Roi Et Municipality have awareness in conservation, value and importance of the ancient sites. Participation in preserving the area of the ancient moat-city walls to linked to the uniqueness of Roi Et Province and be a tourist attraction. 5. The area along the canal, moat-city walls, which are degraded in the Roi Et municipality, have better environment. There are more green areas that can solve global warming. The general public has a place to relax which makes Roi Et Province a pleasant city to live with happy citizens. 6. Building a network coordination of all sectors, both public and private to improve the moat- city wall landscape to be beautiful for the better quality of life of Roi Et people. 7. Solving health problems and insecurity of residents. The crime and drug problems is reduced. It becomes a sustainable livable city.

18 12. Knowledge Transfer Roi Et City Municipality is a prototype of a housing development plan and a plan to prevent/solve slum problems for the National Housing Authority, Chiang Mai University, and the lower northeast province of Thailand consists of , Surin, , , and Roi Et. From the past operations, Roi Et Municipality received the Award of Local Administrative Organization with good management, fiscal year 2013 in the municipality category of 1st prize: landscape moat-city wall improvement project to improve the quality of life of Roi Et people. Award for Local Administrative Organizations with good management, fiscal year 2019, excellent category, 1st prize, and ASEAN award in Sustainable Environmental annual budget year 2014. This is a source of learning and studying for various agencies and local authorities.

19 13. Lessons Learned The lesson learned is Integrating collaboration to simplify duplication of departments in which the people are the main driving force. Roi Et Municipality is a coordinating agency working together with them which resulting in people's housing security. The state has restored the historic site. It is a new way to solve the problem of living systematically which will lead to the solution that meets the needs of using worthwhile local resources. to the most benefits Under the cooperation, there is an operation among Roi Et Municipality, local people, and government agencies.

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