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A Wunda-Full World? Carbon Dioxide Ice Deposits on Umbriel and Other Uranian Moons
Icarus 290 (2017) 1–13 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Icarus journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/icarus A Wunda-full world? Carbon dioxide ice deposits on Umbriel and other Uranian moons ∗ Michael M. Sori , Jonathan Bapst, Ali M. Bramson, Shane Byrne, Margaret E. Landis Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Carbon dioxide has been detected on the trailing hemispheres of several Uranian satellites, but the exact Received 22 June 2016 nature and distribution of the molecules remain unknown. One such satellite, Umbriel, has a prominent Revised 28 January 2017 high albedo annulus-shaped feature within the 131-km-diameter impact crater Wunda. We hypothesize Accepted 28 February 2017 that this feature is a solid deposit of CO ice. We combine thermal and ballistic transport modeling to Available online 2 March 2017 2 study the evolution of CO 2 molecules on the surface of Umbriel, a high-obliquity ( ∼98 °) body. Consid- ering processes such as sublimation and Jeans escape, we find that CO 2 ice migrates to low latitudes on geologically short (100s–1000 s of years) timescales. Crater morphology and location create a local cold trap inside Wunda, and the slopes of crater walls and a central peak explain the deposit’s annular shape. The high albedo and thermal inertia of CO 2 ice relative to regolith allows deposits 15-m-thick or greater to be stable over the age of the solar system. -
THE PLANETARY REPORT FAREWELL, SEPTEMBER EQUINOX 2017 VOLUME 37, NUMBER 3 CASSINI Planetary.Org CELEBRATING a LEGACY of DISCOVERIES
THE PLANETARY REPORT FAREWELL, SEPTEMBER EQUINOX 2017 VOLUME 37, NUMBER 3 CASSINI planetary.org CELEBRATING A LEGACY OF DISCOVERIES ATMOSPHERIC CHANGES C DYNAMIC RINGS C COMPLICATED TITAN C ACTIVE ENCELADUS ABOUT THIS ISSUE LINDA J. SPILKER is Cassini project scientist at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. IN 2004, Cassini, the most distant planetary seafloor. As a bonus, it has revealed jets of orbiter ever launched by humanity, arrived at water vapor and ice particles shooting out of Saturn. For 13 years, through its primary and fractures at the moon’s south pole. two extended missions, this spacecraft has These discoveries have fundamentally been making astonishing discoveries, reshap- altered many of our concepts of where life ing and changing our understanding of this may be found in our solar system. Cassini’s unique planetary system within our larger observations at Enceladus and Titan have made system of unique worlds. A few months ater exploring these ocean worlds a major focus for arrival, Cassini released Huygens, European planetary science. New insights from these dis- Space Agency’s parachuted probe built to coveries also have implications for potentially study the atmosphere and surface of Titan habitable worlds beyond our solar system. and image its surface for the very first time. In this special issue of The Planetary Report, a handful of Cassini scientists share some results from their studies of Saturn and its moons. Because there’s no way to fit every- thing into this slim volume, they’ve focused on a few highlights. Meanwhile, Cassini continues performing its Grand Finale orbits between the rings and the top of Saturn’s atmosphere, circling the planet once every 6.5 days. -
Thesis Yaxuedong Feb20141.Pdf
ABSTRACT The Water Vapor and Dust Plumes of Enceladus by Yaxue Dong Enceladus is the most active moon of Saturn. Its south polar plume, composed mostly of water vapor and ice grains, is one of the groundbreaking discoveries made by the Cassini spacecraft. During Cassini’s E2, E3, E5 and E7 encounters with Enceladus, the Ion and Neutral Mass Spectrometer (INMS) measured high neutral water vapor densities up to ~109 cm-3 (Waite et al., 2006; Teolis et al., 2010; Dong et al., 2011). We have constructed a physical model for the expected water vapor density in the plumes, based on supersonic radial outflow from one or more of the surface vents. We apply this model to possible surface sources of water vapor associated with the dust jets (Spitale and Porco, 2007; Hansen et al., 2008). Our model fits well with the E3, E5, and E7 INMS data. The fit is optimized by the 28 outflow velocity of ~ 550 – 750 m/s and the total source rate of ~ 1.5 − 3.5×10 H2O molecules/s (~ 450 – 1050 kg/s). The dust (ice grain) plumes of Enceladus have been observed by multiple Cassini instruments. We propose a composite ice grain size distribution covering a continuous size range from nanometer to micrometers, by combining the CAPS (Cassini Plasma Spectrometer), CDA (Cosmic Dust Analyzer), and RPWS (Radio and Plasma Wave Science) data (Hill et al., 2012; Kempf et al., 2008; Ye et al., 2012, 2013). We also study the grain charging process using the RPWS-LP (Langmuir Probe) data (Morooka et al., 2011). -
Charles Darwin: a Companion
CHARLES DARWIN: A COMPANION Charles Darwin aged 59. Reproduction of a photograph by Julia Margaret Cameron, original 13 x 10 inches, taken at Dumbola Lodge, Freshwater, Isle of Wight in July 1869. The original print is signed and authenticated by Mrs Cameron and also signed by Darwin. It bears Colnaghi's blind embossed registration. [page 3] CHARLES DARWIN A Companion by R. B. FREEMAN Department of Zoology University College London DAWSON [page 4] First published in 1978 © R. B. Freeman 1978 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the permission of the publisher: Wm Dawson & Sons Ltd, Cannon House Folkestone, Kent, England Archon Books, The Shoe String Press, Inc 995 Sherman Avenue, Hamden, Connecticut 06514 USA British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Freeman, Richard Broke. Charles Darwin. 1. Darwin, Charles – Dictionaries, indexes, etc. 575′. 0092′4 QH31. D2 ISBN 0–7129–0901–X Archon ISBN 0–208–01739–9 LC 78–40928 Filmset in 11/12 pt Bembo Printed and bound in Great Britain by W & J Mackay Limited, Chatham [page 5] CONTENTS List of Illustrations 6 Introduction 7 Acknowledgements 10 Abbreviations 11 Text 17–309 [page 6] LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Charles Darwin aged 59 Frontispiece From a photograph by Julia Margaret Cameron Skeleton Pedigree of Charles Robert Darwin 66 Pedigree to show Charles Robert Darwin's Relationship to his Wife Emma 67 Wedgwood Pedigree of Robert Darwin's Children and Grandchildren 68 Arms and Crest of Robert Waring Darwin 69 Research Notes on Insectivorous Plants 1860 90 Charles Darwin's Full Signature 91 [page 7] INTRODUCTION THIS Companion is about Charles Darwin the man: it is not about evolution by natural selection, nor is it about any other of his theoretical or experimental work. -
Argonaut #2 2019 Cover.Indd 1 1/23/20 1:18 PM the Argonaut Journal of the San Francisco Historical Society Publisher and Editor-In-Chief Charles A
1/23/20 1:18 PM Winter 2020 Winter Volume 30 No. 2 Volume JOURNAL OF THE SAN FRANCISCO HISTORICAL SOCIETY VOL. 30 NO. 2 Argonaut #2_2019_cover.indd 1 THE ARGONAUT Journal of the San Francisco Historical Society PUBLISHER AND EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Charles A. Fracchia EDITOR Lana Costantini PHOTO AND COPY EDITOR Lorri Ungaretti GRapHIC DESIGNER Romney Lange PUBLIcatIONS COMMIttEE Hudson Bell Lee Bruno Lana Costantini Charles Fracchia John Freeman Chris O’Sullivan David Parry Ken Sproul Lorri Ungaretti BOARD OF DIREctORS John Briscoe, President Tom Owens, 1st Vice President Mike Fitzgerald, 2nd Vice President Kevin Pursglove, Secretary Jack Lapidos,Treasurer Rodger Birt Edith L. Piness, Ph.D. Mary Duffy Darlene Plumtree Nolte Noah Griffin Chris O’Sullivan Richard S. E. Johns David Parry Brent Johnson Christopher Patz Robyn Lipsky Ken Sproul Bruce M. Lubarsky Paul J. Su James Marchetti John Tregenza Talbot Moore Diana Whitehead Charles A. Fracchia, Founder & President Emeritus of SFHS EXECUTIVE DIREctOR Lana Costantini The Argonaut is published by the San Francisco Historical Society, P.O. Box 420470, San Francisco, CA 94142-0470. Changes of address should be sent to the above address. Or, for more information call us at 415.537.1105. TABLE OF CONTENTS A SECOND TUNNEL FOR THE SUNSET by Vincent Ring .....................................................................................................................................6 THE LAST BASTION OF SAN FRANCISCO’S CALIFORNIOS: The Mission Dolores Settlement, 1834–1848 by Hudson Bell .....................................................................................................................................22 A TENDERLOIN DISTRIct HISTORY The Pioneers of St. Ann’s Valley: 1847–1860 by Peter M. Field ..................................................................................................................................42 Cover photo: On October 21, 1928, the Sunset Tunnel opened for the first time. -
Aphelion) 25/02/04 16:20 Page 1
SORTIE (Aphelion) 25/02/04 16:20 Page 1 Aphelion™ IMAGE PROCESSING AND IMAGE ANALYSIS SOFTWARE TO FACE NEW CHALLENGES ORGANIZATIONS ALREADY USING APHELION™ 3M (USA) Halliburton (USA) Procter & Gamble (USA & Europe) Arcelor (Europe) Hewlett-Packard (UK) Queen’s College (UK) Boeing Aerospace (USA) Hitachi (Japan) Rolls Royce (UK) CEA (France) Hoya (Japan) SNECMA Moteurs (France) CNRS (France) Joint Research Center (Europe) Thales (France) CSIRO (Australia) Kawasaki Heavy Industry (Japan) Toshiba (Japan) Corning (France) Kodak Industrie (France) Université de Lausanne (Switzerland) Dako (USA) Lilly (USA) Université de Liège (Belgium) Dornier (Germany) Lockheed Martin (USA) University of Massachusetts (USA) EADS (France) Mitsubishi (Japan) Unilever (UK) Ecole de Technologie Supérieure (Canada) Nikon (Japan) US Navy (USA) FedEx (USA) Nissan (Japan) Volvo Aero Corporation (Sweden) FAO, Defence Research Establishment (Sweden) Pechiney (France) Xerox (USA) Ford (USA) Peugeot-Citroën (France) Framatome (France) Philips (France) Aphelion IMAGE PROCESSING IMAGE PROCESSING AND IMAGE ANALYSIS SOFTWARE TO FACE NEW CHALLENGE AND IMAGE ANALYSIS SOFTWARE TO FACE NEW CHALLENGES PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION Licensing: Single-user license & site license for end-users Run-time licenses for OEMs Downloadable from web Standard package: APHELION™ Developer includes all the standard libraries available as DLLs & ActiveX components, development capabilities, and the graphical user interface BIOLOGY / COSMETICS / GEOLOGY INSPECTION / MATERIALS SCIENCE Optional modules: 3D Image Processing METROLOGY 3D Image Display OBJECT RECOGNITION Recognition Toolkit VisionTutor, a computer vision course including extensive exercises PHARMACOLOGY / QUALITY CONTROL / REMOTE SENSING / ROBOTICS Interface to a wide variety of frame grabber boards SECURITY / TRACKING Twain interface to control scanners and digital cameras Video media interface Interface to control microscope stages ActiveX components: Extensive Image Processing libraries for automated applications. -
Spacecraft Imaging for Amateurs an International Community of Space
Planetary Close-ups emily lakdawalla Spacecraft Imaging for Amateurs An international community of space This is Mars’s Big Sky Country, a windswept, nearly featureless plain. Tiny ripples in the rust-colored sand march farther than the eye can see, to a horizon so fl at one might be able to see the curvature of the planet. As far as anyone knows, those ripples have not budged in eons. But all is not still; gaze upward, and you might be surprised by the rapid motion overhead, where feathery cirrus clouds, frosty with bright crystals of water ice, fl oat on high Martian winds. The scene is from Meridiani Planum, composed from eight images captured by the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity just before she reached a deep crater named Victoria, on the 950th Martian day of her mission. But the beautiful image was not created by anyone on the Mars Exploration Rover team; no scientist would likely have Earthbound produced it, because it owes its beauty as much to art as it observers never does to science. see Mars as a The image is the collaborative creation of a whole crescent, but amateur-imagesmith community; six people, each from spacecraft do. a diff erent country, had a hand in it. Twelve hours after The author cre- Opportunity took the photos, the data had been received on ated this view Earth and posted to the internet. Within another 17 hours, from six images rover fans had found the photos, assembled the mosaic, taken by Viking and shaded the sand and sky based on color photos Oppor- Orbiter 2 in tunity had taken of a similar landscape the day before. -
Margaret Kivelson
Margaret Galland Kivelson 6/27/2013 Margaret Kivelson- Dynamics - MoP 2011 – Boston University 1 Rotationally driven magnetospheres! (Mauk et al., (Saturn, Chapter 11) state: “while it is true that Saturn’s magnetosphere is intermediate between those of Earth and Jupiter in terms of size (whether measured by RP; RPP, or RMP), it is not intermediate in any meaningful dynamical sense. It is clearly rotationally driven like Jupiter’s, not solar-wind–driven like Earth’s.” Margaret Kivelson- Dynamics - MoP 6/27/2013 2011 – Boston University 2 This Vasyliunas (1983) diagram is a necessary element of any discussion of the magnetospheres of gas giants! It captures some critical features implicitly or explicitly: A significant source of heavy plasma deep within the magnetopause (Io, Enceladus) is spun up to some fraction of corotation speed by field-aligned currents coupling magnetosphere and ionosphere. Rotation dominates the dynamics – drives plasmoid releases down the tail. Solar wind shapes the boundaries but does not dominate the dynamics. Margaret Kivelson- Dynamics - MoP 6/27/2013 2011 – Boston University 3 Thomas et al., 2004 Schneider and Trager, 1995 In the pickup process, ions acquire perp. thermal speed of local rotation speed. 2 Energy added N pum() Pickup energy is shared with background plasma. Typically heats plasma. Melin6/27/2013 et al., 2009 4 Much is well established, but puzzles remain. Discuss a few features energy density of plasma and why it changes vs. radial distance, vs. local time, periodicities, Anomalies in regions of high dust density. Margaret Kivelson- Dynamics - MoP 6/27/2013 2011 – Boston University 5 At Earth, temperature (more correctly Below a plot from Kane et al (1995) thermal energy per particle) decreases of Voyager data at Jupiter, modeled with but not at Jupiter or Saturn. -
ASX Presentation
STARFEST 2009 Special Report: Major Astronomy & Space Conferences Presented On: August 22, 2009 Presented By: ASX ‐ Farnaz Ghadaki (President) ‐ Nivedita Chandrasekhar (Project Director) ‐ Iman Datta (Secretary) http://asx.sa.utoronto.ca/ [email protected] Page 1 Agenda • ASX Introduction • Report on ISDC –International Space Development Conference (May 2008) • Report on Canadian Space Summit (Nov. 2008) • Report on SpaceFest (Feb. 2009) • Report on ASX’s Annual Symposium • Notable upcoming symposia/conferences • Q & A http://asx.sa.utoronto.ca/ [email protected] Page 2 ASX Introduction • ASX is the Astronomy & Space Exploration Society at the University of Toronto • ASX’s mission: educate, excite, and inspire students and the general public about astronomy and space exploration • ASX members consist of students, professionals and anyone having an interest (or just curiosity) in the fields of astronomy and space • ASX has no membership fees, and provides most of its events FREE of charge http://asx.sa.utoronto.ca/ [email protected] Page 3 ASX Highlights • Established by students in 2003 • Rapidly grown to over 1600 members • Host the LARGEST student‐run event in the GTA: The Annual ‘Expanding Canada’s Frontiers’ Symposium • Organize variety of other events throughout the year: Film Viewing Faces of Space (FoS) Talks Observing Panel Discussions http://asx.sa.utoronto.ca/ [email protected] Page 4 ASX and IYA • ASX participated in the Toronto Astronomy Festival (Jan. 10) @ OSC – Exhibitor & on planning committee • ASX Symposium (Jan. 23) embraced theme of international cooperation • Earth Hour Observing Event (Mar. 28) in collaboration with U of T Astronomy Dept • Co‐host of Yuri’s Night Celebration (Apr. -
A Journey of Exploration to the Polar Regions of a Star: Probing the Solar
Experimental Astronomy manuscript No. (will be inserted by the editor) A journey of exploration to the polar regions of a star: probing the solar poles and the heliosphere from high helio-latitude Louise Harra · Vincenzo Andretta · Thierry Appourchaux · Fr´ed´eric Baudin · Luis Bellot-Rubio · Aaron C. Birch · Patrick Boumier · Robert H. Cameron · Matts Carlsson · Thierry Corbard · Jackie Davies · Andrew Fazakerley · Silvano Fineschi · Wolfgang Finsterle · Laurent Gizon · Richard Harrison · Donald M. Hassler · John Leibacher · Paulett Liewer · Malcolm Macdonald · Milan Maksimovic · Neil Murphy · Giampiero Naletto · Giuseppina Nigro · Christopher Owen · Valent´ın Mart´ınez-Pillet · Pierre Rochus · Marco Romoli · Takashi Sekii · Daniele Spadaro · Astrid Veronig · W. Schmutz Received: date / Accepted: date L. Harra PMOD/WRC, Dorfstrasse 33, CH-7260 Davos Dorf and ETH-Z¨urich, Z¨urich, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected]; ORCID: 0000-0001-9457-6200 V. Andretta INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Naples, Italy E-mail: vin- [email protected]; ORCID: 0000-0003-1962-9741 T. Appourchaux Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale, CNRS, Universit´e Paris–Saclay, France; E-mail: [email protected]; ORCID: 0000-0002-1790-1951 F. Baudin Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale, CNRS, Universit´e Paris–Saclay, France; E-mail: [email protected]; ORCID: 0000-0001-6213-6382 L. Bellot Rubio Inst. de Astrofisica de Andaluc´ıa, Granada Spain A.C. Birch Max-Planck-Institut f¨ur Sonnensystemforschung, 37077 G¨ottingen, Germany; E-mail: arXiv:2104.10876v1 [astro-ph.SR] 22 Apr 2021 [email protected]; ORCID: 0000-0001-6612-3861 P. Boumier Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale, CNRS, Universit´e Paris–Saclay, France; E-mail: 2 Louise Harra et al. -
Concepts and Approaches for Mars Exploration1
June 24, 2012 Concepts and Approaches for Mars Exploration1 ‐ Report of a Workshop at LPI, June 12‐14, 2012 – Stephen Mackwell2 (LPI) Michael Amato (NASA Goddard), Bobby Braun (Georgia Institute of Technology), Steve Clifford (LPI), John Connolly (NASA Johnson), Marcello Coradini (ESA), Bethany Ehlmann (Caltech), Vicky Hamilton (SwRI), John Karcz (NASA Ames), Chris McKay (NASA Ames), Michael Meyer (NASA HQ), Brian Mulac (NASA Marshall), Doug Stetson (SSECG), Dale Thomas (NASA Marshall), and Jorge Vago (ESA) Executive Summary Recent deep cuts in the budget for Mars exploration at NASA necessitate a reconsideration of the Mars robotic exploration program within NASA’s Science Mission Directorate (SMD), especially in light of overlapping requirements with future planning for human missions to the Mars environment. As part of that reconsideration, a workshop on “Concepts and Approaches for Mars Exploration” was held at the USRA Lunar and Planetary Institute in Houston, TX, on June 12‐14, 2012. Details of the meeting, including abstracts, video recordings of all sessions, and plenary presentations, can be found at http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/marsconcepts2012/. Participation in the workshop included scientists, engineers, and graduate students from academia, NASA Centers, Federal Laboratories, industry, and international partner organizations. Attendance was limited to 185 participants in order to facilitate open discussion of the critical issues for Mars exploration in the coming decades. As 390 abstracts were submitted by individuals interested in participating in the workshop, the Workshop Planning Team carefully selected a subset of the abstracts for presentation based on their appropriateness to the workshop goals, and ensuring that a broad diverse suite of concepts and ideas was presented. -
Scientific Field Training for Human Planetary
Author's personal copy ARTICLE IN PRESS Planetary and Space Science 58 (2010) 920–930 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Planetary and Space Science journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/pss Scientific field training for human planetary exploration D.S.S. Lim a,b,n, G.L. Warman c, M.L. Gernhardt d, C.P. McKay a, T. Fong a, M.M. Marinova e, A.F. Davila a,b, D. Andersen b, A.L. Brady f, Z. Cardman g, B. Cowie h, M.D. Delaney i, A.G. Faire´n a,b, A.L. Forrest j, J. Heaton k, B.E. Laval j, R. Arnold d, P. Nuytten k, G. Osinski l, M. Reay k, D. Reid j, D. Schulze-Makuch m, R. Shepard n, G.F. Slater o, D. Williams p a NASA Ames Research Center, Mail-Stop 245-3, Moffett Field, 94035 CA, USA b SETI Institute, 515N. Whisman Road, Mountain View, 94043 CA, USA c ExperiencePoint, 800 West El Camino Real, Ste 180, Mountain View, 94025 CA, USA d NASA Johnson Space Center, 2101 NASA Parkway, Houston, TX 77058, USA e Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology, MC 150-12, Pasadena, CA, USA f Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada g University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Marine Sciences, 340 Chapman Hall, CB 3300, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3300, USA h Applied Geochemistry Group, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada i The Edge Diving Centre, 973 Marine Drive, North Vancouver, B.C., Canada j Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada k Nuytco Research, 241A East 1st Street,