Annette Marshall ID Number 22120421 Exam Number 500502 328 Harvest Moon Pkwy Kyle, Texas 78640 [email protected]

English 300: Advanced Composition Literary Analysis Prewriting

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Pass Return Thesis, Ideas, and Content -The thesis makes a focused claim that can be sustained in a longer essay. - The writer analyzes how literary devices are used in the song. Getting better, especially the organization of the ideas relate to the card game/gamble X metaphor. However, this analysis still needs more depth. The deification device does not work here in this analysis. You need three unique devices to analyze and show how they are used to help convey the overall message of the song. Metaphor is one. What are two others? - The writer analyzes the song’s influence, impact and/or importance. This is not addressed in the outline.

Organization -Ideas are logically arranged and help move paper forward. -Each proposed main point is focused on one aspect of the topic and helps Formatted: Highlight support the thesis statement. X

Style and Voice -Maintains a consistent point of view on topic -Proposed evidence will engage readers’ interest in the topic. X

Bibliography -Properly formatted using MLA guidelines. -Provided five potential outside sources for research. X -Effectively summarized the purpose of each source and analyzed its relevance to the topic in at least three sentences

Conventions -The outline/organizer has been spell-checked and proofread to check for errors in word choice and typos. X -The assignment is reasonably free of errors that interfere with a reader’s ability to understand the content.

Annette Marshall ID Number 22120421 Exam Number 500502 328 Harvest Moon Pkwy Kyle, Texas 78640 [email protected]

Format -The prewrite is developed as an outline or graphic organizer. - It includes all required information in a properly formatted header. X

Exam Number: 500502 Grade: RETURN

Date: 6/23/17 Instructor:AF IMPROVED: Organization of the metaphor section. Ideas are clearer and more on target. However, this section also refers to lines that are not metaphors related to the card game/gamble. It’s possible the metaphor is used throughout, not always the card game/gamble metaphor. Clarify the extended card game/gamble metaphor from other examples of metaphor. They can all be addressed if they are significant to the meaning of the song, but don’t confuse them.

NEEDS: WORK: There appears to be two introductory paragraphs; you only need one. It should end with the thesis statement (see example thesis and intro below for a bteter idea of how to structure it and what content to include). The intro and outline DO NOT need to include definition of literary devices.

Deification is not an accurate representation of the song’s reference to the power of fate. Reconsdier this literary device.

You need three literary devices, not just one (Metaphor).

The outline does not address the cultural impact of the song. This section of your outline and future essay is missing.

The conclusion introduces new ideas (rhyme and juxtaposition) that are not addressed in the outline at all. Don’t introduce news ideas in the conclusion.

You’re making progress! If you have any questions, please contact the school for further guidance.

IMPORTANT NOTICE Along the right-hand side of your evaluated exam, you should see marginal or "bubble" comments from your instructor. You should also see a series of highlighted numbers in the evaluation chart identifying the rating you earned on each trait. If you don't see this feedback, click on the "View" tab and "Print Layout" or click on "Review" and the option "Final Showing Markup." If you still cannot see the feedback, please contact the school for the complete evaluation.

Title: Project 6: Figurative Language- Essay

Introduction: Annette Marshall ID Number 22120421 Exam Number 500502 328 Harvest Moon Pkwy Kyle, Texas 78640 [email protected]

This essay will analyze the use of figurative language in the song “The Winner Takes it

All” by the Swedish group, ABBA. The song, is about love and relationships. Figurative language is used to compare the risks taken when we choose to love someone and then we lose Commented [PF1]: Avoid 2nd person (you/we/us)) in your academic writing. that person for whatever reason. Love is equated to a game of cards, which is the central thesis of Commented [PF2]: Not thesis, but perhaps theme or topic the song itself. The specific devices to be studied are: a)of extended metaphor, or the equating of two different things as one and, b) deification are …. .. or giving godly traits to humans and objects. Aside from these devices, the song is also rife with true rhyme, or the repetition of final sounds. Each element will be analyzed within the context of the song for literal and contextual meaning. ** Commented [PF3]: (1)Don’t announce what you will do or study in the outline. Instead, make clear statements about the song, its use of literary devices and analysis of Thesis: What is your thesis? It should be one complete sentence. the meaning. (2)Do not define your literary devices. The reader already See this example of intro and thesis from the sample literary analysis outline: knows what the terms mean, so you do not have to define.

Introduction: Katy Perry’s “Firework” is an inspirational song that was released in November 2010. The song hit #1 on the Billboard Music Charts on December 18th, 2010, where it remained for 3 consecutive weeks (Billboard Hot 100). Since its release, the song has transcended the charts and has been featured in popular TV shows such as “Glee” and “The Unbreakable Kimmie Schmidt,” and even covered by a number of different musical artists in various styles (CBS).

Thesis statement: Katy Perry uses imagery, similes, and metaphors in her song “Firework” to help listeners overcome adversity and embrace their individuality, making the song a modern cultural anthem anyone can relate to during their own personal struggles.

The Winner Takes It All

The song “The Winner Takes it All,” by the Swedish group from the 1970s, ABBA, is one rife in figurative language, particularly extended metaphor. This metaphor expands throughout the entire song and is worked to simulate real life. Specifically, the metaphor is used to illustrate love relationships as a game of cards overlooked by otherworldly deities, or “gods” Annette Marshall ID Number 22120421 Exam Number 500502 328 Harvest Moon Pkwy Kyle, Texas 78640 [email protected] who also decide our fate as they see us gambling away at love. The song also features deification

(the otherworldly creatures) and rhyme (Algeo, Thomas, 2014) to effectively convey the message that in the game of cards of love, some win and some lose. The focus of this analysis is to see how the extended metaphor of the game of cards is used throughout the song. Overall, using the figurative language, the otherwise mundane aspects of relationships are more colorful. Commented [PF4]: This paragraph reads like a 2nd introduction. You only need one. Extended Metaphor

A metaphor is a figure of speech used to equate two things that are dissimilar for the purpose of illustrating their traits (Cuddon, 2013). An extended metaphor is one that remains the same and is repeated throughout a story, song, poem, or any other piece of literature. It is meant to be an anchor to the main idea. In the case of this song, an extended metaphor permeates the majority of the song.

The metaphor consists ofn the following: Love, in the song, is seen as a game of cards where the gamblers either win or lose. This extended metaphor is the central analysis of the Commented [PF5]: The metaphor is not the analysis. essay. Here is the compilation of metaphors and their meaning.

In this example, the singer is saying that she does not want to talk about the pressing Commented [PF6]: Which example are you referring to here? issue in front of her: the love of her life left her, presumably for someone else. She did not see it coming, so she says that she would rather not talk about it. (Algeo, Thomas, 2014) Commented [PF7]: How is this source related to the song? Based on your annotated bibliography, this source is about the origin of language. I don’t see the relevance of this Illustrative examples citation here.

“Though it's hurting me, now it’s history”

This second verse of the song is a metaphor that helps the writer make two things become the same, even if they are not. In this case, equating the memory of a bad relationship to “history, as in “now it is history” is something colloquially said, but it does not mean the literal meaning Annette Marshall ID Number 22120421 Exam Number 500502 328 Harvest Moon Pkwy Kyle, Texas 78640 [email protected] of history. It means that the situation is now over. Surely, it is not history in the literal sense of

“documenting serial events,” but the singer gives an emotional touch to her current experience and prefers not to dwell on it. It is another way of saying that it is not worth dwelling upon it. Commented [PF8]: This is not an example of the card game metaphor. This specific example is not relevant of the A second example is when the singer literally compares love to a game of cards. claim about the card game extended metaphor.

“I've played all my cards, and that's what you've done too...Nothing more to say, no more “ace” to play” Commented [PF9]: This is relevant and on the right track here/ Using a game of cards as the extended metaphor that covers the song shows that entering any relationship is a gamble; nothing can be controlled on either side of the equation. Emotions depend on many variables, and vice-versa. Therefore, when two people get together, nothing is set in stone. Whatever dynamics take place are not predictable. The singer obviously tried to save the relationship at some point, as she had an “ace” to play. Such chance to save anything is presumably gone now when she says that she has “no more ace,” or no more tricks up her sleeve to try and save anything. She is finished. (Ulvaeus, 1980)

“The winner takes it all, the loser standing small Beside the victory. That's her destiny”

In this example, the singer does not state who she is talking about, but judging by the use of the pronoun “her”, in the phrase “her destiny,” we can assume that she is talking about herself or the female counterpart in a relationship. This is interesting, considering that this song, written in the early 1980’s, assumed that all relationships were male/female only. (Algeo, Thomas,

2014)

The use of the pronoun “her,” is also significant because it is an assumption, made by the singer, that women are on the losing end of relationships. Essentially, “her” destiny, and not

“his” destiny is dependent on the other person’s view of the relationship. This is an interesting Annette Marshall ID Number 22120421 Exam Number 500502 328 Harvest Moon Pkwy Kyle, Texas 78640 [email protected] assumption that takes us back to the idea of women as the “weaker sex”, or as the feeble “damsel in distress” that is always led by a stronger, tougher sex. (Cuddon, 2014) Commented [PF10]: Your analysis does not relate to the extended card game metaphor. “The winner takes it all”

The title of the song comes at the chorus. It is a metaphor to define that, whoever ends up less beaten, less hurt, and less dejected from a relationship is a huge winner; hence it takes all the

“earnings,” or all the benefits of being the stronger of the two. It also assumes that love is a big gamble, and some win and lose in the process of loving. Therefore, the one who wins in the end is the person with the least to lose from the time spent together. (Ulvaeus, 1980) Commented [PF11]: Connect this analysis back to your claim about the extended metaphor of card game. Transition here to another metaphor example – the home/fence metaphor is not directly related to the extended card game comparison.

“I was in your arms thinking I belonged there, I figured it made sense, building me a fence, building me a home. Thinking I'd be strong there but I was a fool playing by the rules”

These two verses are a complete metaphor. She equates the relationship to a sort of fortress where she can build a “fence” and be safe. It would also be her home; a place where she feels that she belongs. Unfortunately, according to the rest of the stanza, the singer lost everything by “playing by the rules.” This suggests that the other player, the other half of the couple, must have committed a transgression, or cheated at some point. The singer takes that to heart and says that playing by the rules of committed relationships, showing respect, and giving

Commented [PF12]: As suggested in your previous draft, love, made her a “fool” since the other half was not doing the same. this is not a good representation of the literary device used here. Deification Deification is when a person or object is treated like a god or given the powers of a god. In the next stanza, the figurative language is much more evident. There is deification, or That is NOT what is happening in these lines.

These lines are more likely about the role of fate – in card awarding supernatural or deity-type traits to something or someone. game or in love.

Annette Marshall ID Number 22120421 Exam Number 500502 328 Harvest Moon Pkwy Kyle, Texas 78640 [email protected]

“The gods may throw a dice their minds as cold as ice. And someone way down here loses someone dear”

The meaning of this example of figurative language says basically that fate, luck, or providence itself are responsible for all of our wins or losses in love. Some supernatural deities Commented [PF13]: Yes, exactly. God-like powers are being bestowed on a human or object. that “throw a dice” decides whether our turn is up for winning or losing in a relationship. We are not in control; the “gods” are. These figurative deities control our lives by throwing a supernatural coin in the air, wait for it to show heads or tails, and then they will decide whether we lose our loved one, or not. This use of figurative language could double up as deification as Commented [PF14]: ?? well as metaphor, because it is equating supernatural agency to what, in reality, is regular life.

Conclusion:

“The Winner Takes It All” is a song that tells a story; a tale about a failed relationship told from the perspective of a female. She has presumably been either cheated on, or left, by a man she felt strongly for. She assumes that the natural order of things is that she, the loser in this case, will now have to stand from afar watching “the winner,” the man, take everything that was left from this huge gamble called love. In this song, the figurative use of language comes from the main idea that love is a gamble. It is an ongoing metaphor that permeates the entire work, from start to finish.

The use of extended metaphor is evident in the equation that love and relationships are a game; a gamble. The extended metaphor is met by other creative devices that include deification, or the awarding of godly qualities to other things. In the song, love and loss are decided by

“gods” that gamble our luck mindlessly and carelessly. Annette Marshall ID Number 22120421 Exam Number 500502 328 Harvest Moon Pkwy Kyle, Texas 78640 [email protected]

Overall, there is rhyming throughout, juxtaposition of opposite terms, and the continuous use of the central idea of the gambles of love. The figurative language used is simple, easy to Commented [PF15]: Don’t introduce the idea of rhyme or juxtaposition as literary devices here in your conclusion. The conclusion should reiterate the main ideas you present in understand, and helps the listener to make the connections to the song quicker. We have all been your essay, not introduce new ones. in a similar situation, and the idea of love being dependent on luck, or fate is a very popular idea that has inspired movies, poetry, and is quite universal.

Works Cited

Algeo, J., Thomas P. (2014) The Origin and Development of the English Language. 5th

edition. New York: Pearson

This is a compendium of all literary terms used in written pieces. It also defines where the English language comes from, from its Germanic roots and all the way until now. The textbook also shows the tendency of language to expand and become more extensive with time.

Cuddon, J. A. (2013) The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory. London:

Penguin Books.

This is another dictionary of general terms for figurative language. All the terms are included in this book in alphabetical order. It is a needful book to be able to identify all the ways in which writers utilize language to convey an idea. Commented [PF16]: How are these relevant to your analysis of this specific song? Defining terminology is not http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=3845 . Song-Facts.com. September 10, 2016. necessary in this essay.

Retrieved May 24, 2017.

These are the facts about the song “The Winner Takes It All,” according to Bjorn Ulvaeus , and other information gathered from different interviews.

Ulvaeus, Bjorn, (1981) The Winner Takes It All. Musical score. Annette Marshall ID Number 22120421 Exam Number 500502 328 Harvest Moon Pkwy Kyle, Texas 78640 [email protected]

This is the entire score and lyrics of the song “The Winner Takes It All” by ABBA as explained by lead songwriter, Bjorn Ulvaeus.

Ulvaeus, Bjorn (2013) Interview about the Creative process. Chef Magazine Online

http://www.icethesite.com/2010/10/full-bjorn-interview-in-chef-magazine/

November, 2013. Retrieved May 24, 2017

This is an interview in Chef Magazine where Bjorn Ulvaeus explains the steps to come up with the song, how he explained to his ex-wife that she would be the one singing this song about breakups, and that it was an organic process to sing the song because the love for music superseded their personal issues as a couple.