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THE CAPLINGER FAMILY's STATE PARK JOURNEY by Ken Caplinger Jr

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THE CAPLINGER FAMILY's STATE PARK JOURNEY by Ken Caplinger Jr September 2014 March 2018 Friends of Blackwater photo by Steve Shaluta Working to protect West Virginia’s High Alleghenies, Blackwater River & Blackwater Canyon. PO Box 247 - Thomas, WV 26292 - phone: 304-345-7663 - www.saveblackwater.org - [email protected] March 2018 March 2018 BLACKWATER WATERSHED RESTORATION WORK News of Stream Restoration By Ian Smith North Fork of the Blackwater the WV Department of Environmental Protection Pop quiz: what is red and white and weighs to develop a Watershed Based Plan (“WBP”) 400 pounds? for Beaver Creek. A WBP is a coordinating framework to organize efforts to identify, No, it’s not the world’s largest candy cane. prioritize and then implement activities to It’s the DAILY weight of dissolved iron and address water-related problems. To that end we aluminum in the acid mine drainage (“AMD”) have been spending significant time and effort that is coming out of the underground “Coketon to build partnerships with area stakeholders Mine Pool” (old collapsed and abandoned mine -- including government agencies, private workings) and into the North Fork! businesses and other non-profits. It has been four months since Friends of At the end of October, we hosted a meeting Blackwater staff and our consultants began with more than a dozen individuals to begin work on designs for treatment to reduce this exploring the current state of the watershed, pollution. Now our engineering partner, BioMost the projects currently being pursued by each Inc, has completed an initial analysis. Here are group, and to lay out our varying visions for the the results. The black lines represent the pillars from early mining. Water future. One of the first tasks to address was flows through tunnels, from higher points down to the M29 AMD treatment systems are categorized compiling existing data. We are coordinating mine opening (A to B), and into North Fork. as either active or passive. Both types use this effort by hosting, mapping and analyzing carbonate to neutralize pH and encourage data, and will ultimately use this information to precipitation of dissolved metals. Passive develop the final WBP document. systems have lower long-term operation and Given its current level of mild impairment maintenance costs, but are limited in their and the emerging cooperative partnership, we ability to handle high acidity and/or flows. feel confident that recovering Beaver Creek is Active systems can be scaled to accommodate an attainable goal. Developing and submitting any conditions, but they require an ongoing a Watershed Based Plan will be the first step. input of fresh carbonate material -- which can Thanks to all the FOB supporters whose drive up costs. generosity and concern is helping to move BioMost estimated that constructing a these streams toward greater health for our passive system would cost around 8 million community. dollars, and require nearly 30 acres -- due to the large volume of polluted water -- 2.5 million Monitoring water quality gallons being discharged from the underground mine pool every day. By comparison, an active From Raindrops to River Pollution system is estimated to cost 1.4 million dollars The water cycle is simple: evaporation, condensation, precipitation, infiltration—and repeat. Simple, and will fit on 3 acres. Friends of Blackwater but only part of the story. Thanks to the effects of past coal mining, precipitation that “infiltrates” into will be pursuing the active system option moving the Blackwater River can become more than a mix of hydrogen and oxygen. Here’s how: forward, and we are presently looking into The Upper Freeport coal seam dips downhill towards the North Fork of the Blackwater. Mining tunnels funding options. in the North Fork valley created a subterranean maze of straightaways and hard angle turns. As the Due to these findings, reconstructing the maze expanded, miners would encounter groundwater, which flows along the interconnected tunnels non-functioning passive system adjacent to the and “pools” at low points in the network. During mining, pooled water was pumped to the surface, but Blackwater Railroad Grade is not a viable option. once the coal mine was abandoned, the Coketon Mine Pool began to form. Rather than expend significant resources on a That pooled water became acidic from sulfur-containing minerals, dissolved iron, aluminum, and pointless endeavor, we will be focusing on steps manganese. As the pool grew, its surface reached the same elevation as the mine opening or portal, and toward implementing an active system. the water had a pathway back to the surface—and into the Blackwater River. Beaver Creek Today, if a drop of rainwater falls in the North Last year, Friends of Blackwater expanded Fork watershed, there is a chance that its destiny is to water monitoring into the Beaver Creek become acid mine drainage pollution. Over hundreds watershed in Tucker County. Beaver Creek and of years, the supply of pyritic material in the mine one of its two tributaries are on the WV state pool will be exhausted. Until then, acid mine drainage 303(d) list of impaired streams for pH, iron and will continue to form—and if not corrected, will keep aluminum. Above the confluence with Beaver the river from becoming the life-sustaining resource Creek, the Blackwater River and its tributaries it should be. are of high quality, which makes Beaver Creek That project – of neutralizing the acidity and the uppermost and initial source of impairment removing the pollutants – is a main task of our North for the Blackwater River. Fork Watershed project. Thanks to FOB supporters Friends of Blackwater received a grant from who make this work possible! Page 2 Dissolved minerals color the North Fork March 2018 March 2018 KIDS KONNECT WITH KITCHEN KLIMATE SCIENCE Published in THE RECORD DELTA Buckhannon, WV February 21st, 2018 By Amanda Hayes BUCKHANNON — Science students at Buckhannon-Upshur High School spent Monday learning about how the choices they make impact their environment and the future of the planet. Tom Rodd, director of the Allegheny Highlands Climate Change Impacts Initiative, donned his chef hat for this program called Kitchen Climate Science in the B-UHS Library. The Allegheny Highlands Climate Change Impacts Students do the “greenhouse boogie” at Buckhannon-Upshur High School Initiative is a program from Friends of Students start studying earth science Blackwater, a longtime West Virginia in eighth grade and the system is Bear Cubs In Spring already geared up for them to learn conservation group working in the Bear cubs like the one on our cover about the atmosphere and the mixture Allegheny Highlands. Rodd is also a board are usually born in January or February, of atmospheric gas. member of Friends of Blackwater. but only emerge from their den after “We started doing a program about “Most students are very concerned the spring thaw in late March or early four or five years ago on the impacts of about climate change in my experience,” April. The cubs are actually born climate change in the highlands, because Rodd said. “Climate change is real. Global while the mother bear is still sleeping there are a lot of sensitive species like warming is real. What to do about it is a through hibernation. Although they Brooke trout and red spruce,” he said. tough problem. The first thing in terms of are initially blind and hairless, cubs “In parts of the highlands, the economy figuring out what to do is to understand develop quickly, and by the summer like the ski industry is very important.” the problem. We are glad to contribute they are weaned and ready to start to that understanding.” “One of the things we learned is foraging. By their second winter, the a lot of people don’t really have any Funding for the initiative comes from former cubs will have reached maturity understanding at all about what climate a small grant from the Appalachian and be ready to live on their own. change is and is not and what global Stewardship Foundation. The West Virginia Department of Natural Resources has conducted warming is and is not,” Rodd said. “We Beatrice Burnside’s biology I and II extensive studies on black bear started doing programs and found various classes attended the program held in demographics and biology, beginning hands-on activities. We have presented at the B-UHS library, and Burnside said she with the population recovery efforts in several science teacher conferences and thought the information was beneficial for the 1970s, helmed by former Friends we get invited to do programs by science her students. teachers who are teaching earth sciences. of Blackwater advisory board member “His end result is to have the students Joe Rieffenberger. Since those days, For the Climate Change Impacts understand they have the choice — bears have made a steady comeback in Initiative, Rodd said, “We don’t try to that it is to this future generation to be West Virginia, with current population teach about politics. We just teach about responsible for caring for their earth,” estimates hovering a bit above 10,000. what is going on in the atmosphere and she said. With the bear population healthy why it is going on.” The program touches “Thanks to Mrs. [Angie] Snyder- again, the state animal is a common on biology, chemistry and physics. Westfall, who found him and orchestrated sight for West Virginians. “We try to teach about the atmosphere this program,” Burnside said. “A lot of The cover photo is by Steve Shaluta. and how human beings have changed the good things are happening here in the If you want to check out more of his atmosphere and what is at stake if we library and she has been spearheading photography, visit www.steveshaluta.
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