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Volume 18, 2Ol 3-2lD14 A Journal of Torah and Science DERECH A Publication of Stern College for Women Yeshiva University HATEVA Volume 18, 2O1 3-2fJ14 Editors-In-Chief: Der,.orah Farber, Amr. Nathan, Chava Spigelman Cover Design and Lavout: Daniela Garzon Printing: Advanced Copy' Center. Brooklyn, NY 11230 Donors The publication of this joutnal would not have been possible without the help of our generous donors. Jewish tradition teaches that the Torah is a "tree of life to those who support it" (Pror.erbs 3:18). The Midrash interprets this verse to mean that the Torah gives life to those who participate in Torah Studyr, as well as those who support its study. Derech HaTeva ptovides the unique opportuniry for students to svnthesize their passion for science with theit love of Torah, and ve thank }.ou for making this opportunin'possible. We would like to thank the following donors who have helped fund the publication of volume 18 of Derech HaTeva: Dr. and Mrs. Harvev Babich Dr. and Mrs. Eliot Ghatan Dr. and Mrs. fuchard Grazi Mr. and Mrs. Morris Rosenthal Rabbi and l\{rs. Baruch Solnica Dr. and Mrs. Benjamin Solomowitz Torah Activities Council YU Admissions Dedication We dedicate the eighteenth volume of Derech HaTer.a: A Journal of Torah and Science to the memory of Esther Ohavon, who was struck by a car and killed instandy while walking to the F,tz Chaim Synagogue in Florida on the night of Yom l(ppur, Sept. 13, 2013. She was 57 ),ears old. Her 16-year-old daughter, Orlv Ohavon, was also struck and, although criticallv injured, she surr-ived. Esther's fate was not as fortunate, and her sudden death serves as a reminder of both the fragiliw of the human bodl,and the ultimate power of G-d as its maker. Through this dedication, we hope to emphasize the importance of utilizing our opportunities to engage in the studv of Torah and science with the recognition that thev may be limited, because each precious moment may be the last. Acknowledgements \X'e would like to thank Dr. Babich for his tireless, indispensable efforts to this publication. This volume of Derech HaTeva would flot ha\.e been possible without his guidance and commitment. Dr. Babich's dedication to his students and Stern College for tWomen has nurtured an enriched appreciation for the amalgamation of Torah and science. Devorah ljarber Amv Nathan Char.a Spigelman "From there you seek Hashem, ;-]]i)l ns DPD Enu/Pfi ' will your G-d, and you will find Him, 1!P-l'1r-l )! nxyn:r ;lri?5s if you search for him with al11'our "Irall 5??, b:r l:;? heart and all1.our soul." Devartm 4:29 Toble of contents Btacha Einzig, bah's E1'et; a Crtntibation to lter Children, /5 Talia Felman, An Unexpected I uder: A Pgcbiatic Ana[,.ris a;f King Saal... ..20 Zahava (Sheryl) Finkelstein, Tlte Adnoni Gene: Who Made the Red llan Red?................. ...............22 Michelle Golfeiz, Chicken .loap Rurcd1: SukingTrntb in an "O/d Jeaish lVircs'Tale .25 Sara Kaszovitz, Kidnry Danation: It's Conrp/icated. .29 Rachel Mirsky, .\'acred Hmger. ..)) Amy Nathan, Aninal Expeinentation: Nuusarl Eil orJtst Ei/?. .)6 Dahlia Pasik, The Halachic .llatus a;f an Alqbeinteri Patient.. .40 1) Chana Ratner, D\A EidenreJitr ilte Bene lsruel a.f Iudia.. Hila Refael, The Power of l[indfa/ ,\[editatian. ...14 Kate Rosenblatt, .l e e i ng i s B e /i e t'i 4q .l-y n e s ilt e s i a a I .l i t t a i... Michal Schecter, l[ltbiml Creattrres in Rabltinic I )terutare: tbe Adnei Hasadelt and tbe Mad-llice. Naomi Schwartz, Crapes in Medicine: Fraa lhe Ta/ntrd until Tada1. ...5 / Chaya Spigelman, 'Are \ba f,b, ),'Iotber?": An Exploration of bgal l,Iother/tood n,ith Regard n .lrrrogaq,......... ...56 AllisonJ. Tawill, .larabi infertili4,: t1 Diagnosab/e ...58 Liat Weinstock, Delajng Otvt/ation.f'or the .lake oJ' Ferti/iqation.. 60 Fatha Zibak, ,.laareness and Pret'enlian: Tbe \eed lbr Genelic Screening in t/te .\j,idy Jgv,i5l) Conntrni4'.. 63 Dt. H. Babich, Bib/ical and Talntrdic Hrntan Cenetic.r. 6t North Africon Jewry:The Possibilrty of lntroducing Genetic Screening Jacqueline Benayoun -l\ of the communities in North Africa are A common genetic disorder in the North African /f ^ry Jewish Jewish I \ / I among the oidest in the w'orld, dating over 2,700 years. communitv is familial N'[editerranean fever €MD (OI{IN'I I V 11."'ish communities in North Africa, including )Iorocco, #249100), an autosomal recessir.e disorder resulting from Algeria, Libva, Tunisia, Sudan, and Egrpt, were establ-ished earlr. mutation in the pvrin gene. This disease is manifested bv recurrent in the Diaspora; otherJervish communities arrived after their attacks of fever and infammation of liquids around the abdominai expulsion from Spain in 1492 [11. Over the nventieth centurr', the car.in', the ioints, and the iungs [5]. Amvloidosis and renal failure are r.ast majorifi' of theseJervs har-e emigrated, mainlv to Israel and clinical complications that mar. develop. FN{F rvas notablr- observed France, with substantial numbers mor,-ing to South America, Canada in Jews from Libya, Xlorocco, and Tunisia. FNfF is commonlv and the US, and establishing communities there. found in men, more so than in u,-omen, and is believed to affect one in ser.,enJews from these regions. The most commofl ciinical Due to the iargelv homogenous Jewish communities that were treatment for this disorder is colchicines, rvhich can ameliorate present in North Africa for centuries, similar genetic markers, some of the painful svmptoms. A late-onset form of the disease as weil as unique genetic diseases, can be traced to these insular r.vas characterized bv Tamir et al. These patients experienced communities. The similar genetic make-up among the North [61. their 6rst FNIF attack at zge 40 or later. AfricanJeu,'ish communities is indicative of their seclusion and minimal intermarriage, strengthening the claim of aJewish presence Similadr', gl.vcogen storage disease q,pe III (GSD IID (ON{II,I in North Africa since the destruction of the first Beit Hamikdash. #232400) is an autosomal recessive disorder that heavil.,' affects Dr. Harry C)strer, a medical geneticist at the Albert Einstein North AfricanJeu's. GSD III, caused b1'deficiencv of a glvcogen College of Nledicine and author of papers on North AfricanJewish enzyme, is characterized b,v an accumulation of abnormal glvcogen genetics, stated, "Jews tend to be more related to one another than u,ith short outer chains. Many patients are enzyme-deficient in thev are to non-Jervs, including non-Jeu,s lir.ing nearby - it's true in lir-er and muscie and experience hepatomegall', hrpoglr.cemia, and everl'region" l2l. grou'th retardation. Nluscle u,eakness can become more se\-ere in adults, and some affected people rvill der-elop cardiomvopathv In a recent studl published in Proceedings of the National \\'hen examining the population genetics of this disordet, the Academl. of Sciences, Dr. Ostrer and colleagues analr.zed DNA [71. overall incidence of GSD III is about 1 in 100,000 live births in the samples from 509 people of North African Jewish origin [3]. Upon U.S.; horvei..eq it possesses a frequencv of 1 in 5,400 with a cartier comparing the single nucieotide polvmorphism (SNP) data rvith frequencv of 1 in 35 among North AfricanJe.r,'ish indir.'iduals in data from a varien'of otherJeu'ish and non-Jervish groups, thev Israel found that the North African populations had genedc patterns [81.