Midwest Fruit Pest Management Guide 2019 - 2020 Arkansas University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service AG1304 Illinois University of Illinois Extension ICSG-18 Indiana Purdue Extension ID-465 Iowa Iowa State University Extension and Outreach HORT 3035 Kansas Kansas State Research and Extension MF3278 Kentucky University of Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service ID-232 Minnesota University of Minnesota Extension Missouri University of Missouri Missouri State University MX398 Nebraska University of Nebraska — Lincoln Extension Ohio Ohio State University Extension Bulletin 506 Oklahoma Oklahoma State University Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service E-987 West Virginia West Virginia University Extension Service Publication 865 Wisconsin University of Wisconsin-Extension A4104 About This Guide The Midwest Fruit Pest Management Guide 2019-20 was developed by the Midwest Fruit Workers Group. Members of the Midwest Fruit Workers Group decided to combine these publications to address the needs of many producers who grow many different crops. We hope this new combined publication makes it easier for producers to find the accurate information they need for managing pests in fruit crops. We believe this new format provides readers with information that is concise and easy to understand. We welcome your com- ments. Please send your suggestions to one of your state representatives. This guide will be revised every other year. Printed copies of this publication are available from the Purdue Extension Education Store, www.edustore. purdue.edu. A free PDF download also is available from the Education Store or from your state’s cooperative extension service. The Midwest Fruit Workers Group also publishes companions to this guide, including the Midwest Small Fruit Pest Management Handbook and Midwest Tree Fruit Pest Management Handbook. Contact your state Coopera- tive Extension office for information about these publications. Midwest Small Fruit Pest Management Handbook The Midwest Small Fruit Pest Management Handbook is a companion publication to this guide. It contains ad- ditional information about control strategies for small fruit diseases, insect pests, and weeds. Pesticide safety, sprayer calibration, plant nutrition, and weed identification are also covered. Copies of the publication (Ohio State University Extension Bulletin 861) may be available from your state Extension office or from Ohio State University Extension Publications, 385 Kottman Hall, 2021 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH 43210-1044, 614-292-1607. You can also order it from Ohioline, ohioline.osu.edu. Midwest Tree Fruit Pest Management Handbook The Midwest Tree Fruit Pest Management Handbook also is a companion to this guide. It contains additional information about pesticide safety, sprayer calibration, tree fruit diseases, insect pests, and weeds, pesticide characteristics, growth regulators, spray adjuvants, and other related topics. Copies are available from your state Extension service. Legal Responsibilities for Pesticide Use The pesticides suggested in this publication have been registered by the Pesticides Regulation Division of the Environmental Protection Agency. At the time of printing, these pesticides were registered for use as indicated on the individual product labels. These registrations can change at any time. To keep informed of the latest updates on pesticide registrations, the Web version of this publication is updat- ed regularly. It is available from the Purdue Extension Education Store, www.edustore.purdue.edu. Your responsibility as a pesticide user is to read and follow all current label directions for the specific pesticide being used. Strictly observe the legal limitations on the use of these pesticides to prevent excessive residues in or on harvested fruit. All growers should read product labels, follow directions carefully, and observe pre-harvest intervals and application rates. Pesticide labels are available on the following sites: CDMS.net/label-Database; Agrian.com; and through many suppliers’ websites. Not all products listed in this guide are registered in every state. To be sure a product is registered in your state, check the National Pesticide Information Retrieval Service: npirspublic.ceris.purdue.edu. Some of the pesticides suggested in this publication are on the EPA Restricted Use List, and users must be certified private applicators to purchase and apply these materials. Record-keeping requirements are more stringent for restricted use pesticides. Remember: The pesticide label is a legal document. 2 Midwest Fruit Pest Management Contents Guide 2019-2020 Foreword . 3 Apple Spray Schedule . 13 Editor-in-Chief Janna Beckerman, Purdue University Pear Spray Schedule . .42 . Cherry Spray Schedule . 47 Executive Editors Ric Bessin, John Strang, and Nicole W . Gauthier, University of Kentucky; Peach Spray Schedule . 56 Melanie Lewis-Ivey, Ohio State University; Tristand Tucker, Purdue University Plum Spray Schedule . 68 Copy Editor Special Problems and Pests of Stone Fruit . 75 Celeste Welty, Ohio State University Grape Spray Schedule . 79 Contributing Editors Blueberry Spray Schedule . 96 University of Arkansas: Donn Johnson Raspberry and Blackberry Spray Schedule . 103 University of Illinois: Mohammad Babadoost, Mosbah Kushad, and Elizabeth Strawberry Spray Schedule . 111 Wahle Vole Control . 122. Iowa State University: Diana Cochran, Joseph Hannan, Laura Jesse Iles, Fungicide PHIs and REIs . 124 Donald Lewis, and Lina Rodriguez-Salamanca Insecticide and Miticide PHIs and REIs . 125 University of Kentucky: Chris Smigell and Shawn Wright Growth Regulator PHIs and REIs . 131. University of Missouri: Dean Volenberg Chemical Weed Control in Fruit Crops . 132 Generic Pesticides . 152 Ohio State University: Gary Gao and Elizabeth Long Suggested Recordkeeping form for Restricted Use Pesticide . 158 Purdue University: Bruce Bordelon and Rick Foster Fruit Grower Newsletters . 160 West Virginia University: Daniel Frank Pesticide Drift Communication Tools . 161 University of Wisconsin: Christelle Guedot Using a Plant Diagnostic Lab . 161 Pesticide Applicator Safety Education Programs . 164 Pesticide Emergency and Poison Control Centers . 165 Foreword Commercial fruit production has become a highly You should keep accurate records of materials used, skilled, technical profession. Concerns about pesticide application dates, areas treated, growth stages, and residues, operator risks, and the environment dictate weather conditions. Sample record sheets are on pages that all fruit growers exercise extreme caution in the 158-159. In case of questions, nothing beats a good use of all pesticides, and indeed, all chemicals. The set of records. The EPA requires records for restricted Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has designated use pesticide applications. Some states may require a number of fruit pesticides as “restricted use.” Growers records for general use pesticides (e.g., Kentucky has who plan to use these restricted materials must be this requirement). certified as private applicators. Certification requires that applicators understand the Handling Pesticides following: labels and labeling, safety factors, potential 1. Know the pesticide toxicity and act accordingly. environmental concerns, identification of common pests encountered, pesticides and their use, proper 2. When mixing pesticides do not breathe the dust, equipment use, application techniques, and applicable powder, or vapor. Always mix outdoors. state and federal regulations. Training programs are 3. Do not use tobacco, eat, or drink when handling or offered to help you in certification. Contact your applying pesticides. county Extension office for information. 4. Stay out of drift from spray or dust. The pest management recommendations in this 5. Rinse liquid containers with water at least three guide have been formulated to provide you with times and pour rinsate into spray tank as it is being up-to-date information about pesticides and their filled. Punch holes in metal and plastic containers applicability to your problem. We suggest that you use and crush. Dispose of these and all other pesticide this information to set up your own spray program. containers where no contamination of crops or 3 water supply can occur. Do not reuse pesticide 9. Inform all workers of re-entry restrictions and containers. information on safe pesticide use and/or training to 6. Use an adequate respirator and protective clothing, meet OSHA requirements. especially when mixing pesticides. Necessary 10. Comply with the Right-To-Know law. Have protective equipment is listed on pesticide labels. complete product labels readily available for 7. Have a “buddy” around when using acutely toxic workers to see. Have the Material Safety Data Sheet organophosphates, just in case. (MSDS) for each product you use available for workers to see and for rescue or fire personnel to 8. For maximum safety, get an appropriate blood test use in case of emergency. before the season starts and test periodically during the season. 11. Provide pesticide safety training for pesticide handlers and other workers to comply with Worker 9. Consult a doctor immediately if you develop unusual Protection Standards (WPS). symptoms during or after spraying. Symptoms such as blurred vision, nausea, headaches, chest pains, 12. Regularly inspect and maintain personal protective weakness, diarrhea, or cramps indicate possible equipment used when applying pesticides. pesticide poisoning. 10. Wash hands thoroughly before eating, drinking,