Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive
Faculty and Researcher Publications Faculty and Researcher Publications Collection
2013 Enhanced performance from insensitive explosives
Brown, Ronald
Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 http://hdl.handle.net/10945/47519 Approved for Public Release
ENHANCED PERFORMANCE FROM INSENSITIVE EXPLOSIVES
Ronald Brown, John Gamble, Dave Amondson, Ronald Williams, Paul Murch, and Joshua Lusk
Physics Department Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943
Contact: [email protected] 2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release
Acknowledgement
Dr. Kevin Vandersall Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Technical Staff ANSYS-AUTODYN Berkeley, CA
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release
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2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release OUTLINE • Objective • Background • Modeling & Validations • Effect of Detonation Convergence on Energy Partitioning • Coaxial Initiation Limitations • Results of Novel Dynamic Compression • Conclusions
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release
Develop means for enhancing directed energy from explosive weapon systems by exploiting the effects of overdriven detonation. Explore means for overcoming the limitations of coaxial charges. Validate prediction techniques. GOAL & OBJECTIVES
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release Pre-Compression Leads to Elevated Shocked States & Detonation Condition
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release
Equation of State & Modification Agreements with • PBXN-111 PBXN-110/PBXN-111 CYLEX • PBXN-111 Detonation • PBHMX spherical implosion
VALIDATION OF PREDICTION TECHNIQUES & TECHNOLOGY BACKGROUND
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release JWL and JWL-M Equations of State & Concurrence with PBXN-111 CYLEX
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release CLASSIC CO-AXIAL EXPERIMENT & AGREEMENT WITH SKIDMORE-HART MODEL
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release SUSTAINED EFFECT OF CIRCUMFERENTIAL INITIATION ON PBXN-111 (INITIATION BY THIN SLEEVE OF PBXN110 AND PBXN-112) Position PBXN- 111 PBXN- 110/111 PBXN- 112/111
(mm) Predict Exp’t Predict Exp’t Predict Exp’t 63.5 7.0 6.3 8.3 8.1 8.4 8.3 44.5 6.5 6.0 8.3 8.2 8.5 9.2 Centerline 5.8 5.5 9.7 10.4 9.9 10.2 Average 6.2 5.8 9.1 9.4 9.3 9.5
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release HYDRO-CODE PREDICTION COMPARISON WITH REPORTED EXPERIMENTAL DATA: SPHERICAL IMPLOSION
Simulation
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release Effect of Sleeve Thickness
9000
8000 Explosive Sleeve Detonation Casing 7000 Thickness Velocity Velocity PBXN-110
(mm) (m/sec) (m/sec) 6000 PBXN-111 0 5775 1280
5000 2 8303 1403 5 8318 1410 4000 10 8314 1495 13 8320 1549
Velocity, mm/sec Velocity, 3000 20 8317 1647 PBXN-110 25.4 8320 1610 2000
1000 PBXN-111 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
PBXN-110 Sleeve Thickness, mm
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release Relative Energies
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release
Dynamic Compression Technique Results from Circumferential Initiation at ~11 km/sec with core explosives: • High performance HMX-based explosive (“HPX) • Extremely insensitive rubber-based explosive (“IMX”) Diagnostics for Measuring • Convergent front shape • Detonation velocity • Cylinder expansion EXPERIMENTS CONDUCTED WITH INITIATING DEVICE THAT OVERCOMES THE COAXIAL CHARGE LIMITATION
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release
CYLINDER EXPANSION
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release Charge Setup and Exterior Instrumentation
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release Case Expansion: Simulation vs Experimental
From Implosion Shock SymmetryAUTODYNWave of Case Reflection Case Expansion ExpansionSimulation Confirmed
From Sleeve Explosive
From Core Explosive
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 17 Approved for Public Release
CONVERGENT FRONT GEOMETRY & DETONATION VELOCITY
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release CONFIRMATION OF PREDICTED FRONT GEOMETRY
Front Geometry Confirmation
DTateasste t2 1 DaTtaessett 32
Distance Time of Height from arrival Height Distance from Time of (mm) Center (mm) (µs) (mm) Center (mm) arrival (µs) 177.8 20.5 36.4 178.3 20.7 36.9 127.8 21.0 42.2 129.6 20.2 42.5 Posi on 1 118.5 40.0 42.3 119.2 40.0 42.4 79.3 21.5 46.7 80.5 20.2 47.2 74.9 31.0 46.9 75.8 29.8 47.1 Posi on 2 69.4 41.0 46.9 70.2 39.5 47.0 30.8 21.0 51.2 30.7 20.4 51.9 25.6 31.5 51.5 25.6 31.0 51.7 Posi on 3 Embedded Structure 20.1 41.5 51.4 20.7 39.8 51.7 With Piezoelectric Sensors
Average detonation velocity (3 experiments and 5 measurement, 10.8 ± 0.1 km/sec
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release Diagnostics
1 μs
“0” time 410 μs into event
0 1 2 34 5 6 Direct Image
Ghost Image
x-axis
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release RESULTS OF IMX EXPERIMENTS Shot Center 1.905 cm 3.810 cm Average Number Fiber Fiber Fiber Detonation EXPERIMENTEXPERIMEN WITHT 2 – 66.5.5 ”in W CHARGEARHEAD Detonation Detonation Detonation Velocity Velocity Velocity (km/ Velocity (km/s) Detona on velocity increased from (km/s) s) (km/s) Detonation Velocity Increase from 6.2 km/s to 10.2 km/s 6.2 to 10.2 km/sec 1 10.3 10.0 10.1 10.1 DetonationDetona o nFront front Angle52 deg 52ree Degreess 2 10.3 10.1 10.6 10.3 AUTODYN 10.9 10.2 10.1 10.3
Shot Center 1.905 cm 3.810 cm Average ” Number Fiber Fiber Fiber Detonation EXPERIMENTEXPERIMENT WITH3 – 7. 07.0 W inA CHARGERHEAD Detonation Detonation Detonation Velocity Velocity Velocity (km/ Velocity (km/s) DetonationDetona on v Velocityelocity in Increasecreased f rfromom (km/s) s) (km/s) 6.26.2 ktom /10.s to km2/sec 10.1 km/ s Detonation Front Angle 56 Degrees Detona on front 57 degrees 1 10.7 9.5 9.7 10.0
2 10.5 No data 10.0 10.2 *Manganin Gages saturated due to pressures in excess of 0.5 Mbar at the end of the charge AUTODYN 10.9 10.1 10.2 10.4
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release
1600 1400 1200 Peak Peak Pressu11000r0e0 0 Pressu(krbea r) 800 Overview of (kbars) 600 Achievements 400 Relative to 200 0 TNT RDX HMX ONC CL-20 TNTT HPPN LX-20 IM Max TNT RDX HMX ONC CL-20 TNTT HPPNSl HapPXper Sl IMXapper PROJ Explosives 16 14 Chronology 12 Det. 10 Velocity 8 Also PBXN-111 (km/s) 6
UD, 5.5 to 8.9 4 Ppeak, 12 to 66 GPa 2 0 TNT RDX HMX ONC CL-20 TNTT HPPN LX-20 IM Max TNT RDX HMX ONC CL-20 TNTT HPPNSl HaPXppe r Sl IMXapp e r PROJ 2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release New Model for Sustained Overdriven Detonation
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release CONCLUSIONS • Substantial increases in velocity and peak pressure in the detonation of existing explosives by dynamic compression effects from circumferential initiation. – Aluminized explosives (PBXN-111) – High performance HMX-based explosive (“HPX”) – Extremely insensitive explosive (“IMX”) • Gains exceed those of on-going and projected chemistry (conventional initiation) and further gains are possible. • Technology can easily be incorporated into weapon systems. • Prediction techniques validated across a wide range of applicable conditions.
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release Immediate Recommendations
• Supra-pressure shock response characterizations of candidate explosives over much greater ranges in order to reach 3+ megabar. • Techniques for detecting pressures in the megabar range required for continued prediction confidence and to explore effects of the pressure continuum across convergent fronts. • Additional exploration and extension of detonation theory. • Exploratory development for enhancing directed energy warheads.
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169 Approved for Public Release
Pressure30 usec: (P andmajor-p vectoreak forwa contoursrd of Pminor pabouteak) a convergent34 usec: (Pm machajor-peak fstemollows of Pminor peak) QUESTIONS
2013 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium Paper 16169