Hybridni Automobily.Pdf

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Hybridni Automobily.Pdf ZÁPADO ČESKÁ UNIVERZITA V PLZNI FAKULTA ELEKTROTECHNICKÁ KATEDRA TECHNOLOGIÍ A MĚŘ ENÍ BAKALÁŘSKÁ PRÁCE Hybridní automobily vedoucí práce: Ing. Petr Řezá ček, Ph.D. 2012 autor: Martin Vojá ček Hybridní automobily Martin Vojá ček 2012 Hybridní automobily Martin Vojá ček 2012 Hybridní automobily Martin Vojá ček 2012 Anotace Práce se zabývá problematikou hybridních automobil ů a jejich pohon ů. Sou částí práce je srovnání hybridních automobil ů do 1 t užitkové hmotnosti, které jsou v sou časné dob ě k dostání na trhu. Klí čová slova Hybridní automobil, hybridní pohon, sériový pohon, paralelní pohon, kombinovaný pohon, Li-ion, NiCd, NiMh, Li-Pol, LiFePo 4, superkapacitor Hybridní automobily Martin Vojá ček 2012 Abstract The theses deal with the principles of the hybrid cars and hybrid drives. Part of the theses is compare hybrid cars which are on the market and which are maximum 1t usefull weight. Key words Hybrid car, hybrid drive, seriál drive, parallel drive, combined drive, Li-ion, NiCd, NiMh, Li-Pol, LiFePo 4, supercapacitor Hybridní automobily Martin Vojá ček 2012 Prohlášení Předkládám tímto k posouzení a obhajob ě bakalá řskou práci, zpracovanou na záv ěr studia na Fakult ě elektrotechnické Západo české univerzity v Plzni. Prohlašuji, že jsem tuto bakalá řskou práci vypracoval samostatn ě, s použitím odborné literatury a pramen ů uvedených v seznamu, který je sou částí této bakalá řské práce. Dále prohlašuji, že veškerý software, použitý p ři řešení této bakalá řské práce, je legální. V Plzni dne 4.6.2012 Martin Vojá ček ………………….. Hybridní automobily Martin Vojá ček 2012 Pod ěkování Tímto bych rád pod ěkoval vedoucímu bakalá řské práce Ing. Petru Řezá čkovy, Ph.D . za cenné profesionální rady, p řipomínky a metodické vedení práce. Hybridní automobily Martin Vojáček 2012 Obsah ÚVOD ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 1 HISTORIE HYBRIDNÍCH AUTOMOBIL Ů ............................................................................................. 9 2 HYBRIDNÍ POHON ................................................................................................................................... 12 3 ROZD ĚLENÍ HYBRIDNÍCH POHON Ů .................................................................................................. 12 3.1 SÉRIOVÝ HYBRIDNÍ POHON ..................................................................................................................... 12 3.2 PARALELNÍ HYBRIDNÍ POHON ................................................................................................................. 14 3.3 KOMBINOVANÝ HYBRIDNÍ POHON .......................................................................................................... 15 3.3.1 Kombinovaný hybridní pohon s mechanickým d ělením výkonu ..................................................... 16 3.3.2 Kombinovaný hybridní pohon s elektrickým d ělením výkonu ........................................................ 17 4 AKUMULÁTORY ELEKTRICKÉ ENERGIE ........................................................................................ 19 4.1 OLOV ĚNÉ BATERIE .................................................................................................................................. 19 4.2 NICD (N IKL -KADMIOVÝ ) ........................................................................................................................ 19 4.3 NIMH (N IKL -METAL -HYDRID ) ................................................................................................................ 20 4.4 LI-ION (L ITHIUM -ION ) ............................................................................................................................ 20 4.5 LI-POL (L ITHIUM -POLYMER ) .................................................................................................................. 20 4.6 LIFEPO4 .................................................................................................................................................. 21 4.7 SUPERKAPACITOR ................................................................................................................................... 21 5 VÝVOJ PRODUKCE HYBRIDNÍCH AUTOMOBIL Ů .......................................................................... 22 5.1 PRODUKCE MEZI ROKY 1898 A 1965 ....................................................................................................... 22 5.2 PRODUKCE 1997 ..................................................................................................................................... 23 5.3 PRODUKCE 2001 ..................................................................................................................................... 24 5.4 PRODUKCE 2003 ..................................................................................................................................... 25 5.5 PRODUKCE 2006 ..................................................................................................................................... 26 5.6 PRODUKCE 2009 ..................................................................................................................................... 27 5.7 PRODUKCE 2010 ..................................................................................................................................... 27 5.8 PRODUKCE 2011 ..................................................................................................................................... 34 5.9 PRODUKCE 2012 ..................................................................................................................................... 38 5.10 PRODUKCE V NÁSLEDUJÍCÍCH LETECH .................................................................................................... 42 6 POROVNÁNÍ HYBRIDNÍCH AUTOMOBIL Ů ...................................................................................... 43 ZÁV ĚR ................................................................................................................................................................. 45 SEZNAM POUŽITÉ LITERATURY ................................................................................................................ 46 SEZNAM TABULEK A OBRÁZK Ů ................................................................................................................. 50 8 Hybridní automobily Martin Vojáček 2012 Úvod Již od prvních technických pokrok ů člov ěk za čal zne čiš ťovat životní prost ředí, a ť už chemickými látkami vypoušt ěnými do volné p řírody, smogem nebo vytvá řením špatn ě se rozkládajícího odpadu. Bylo tedy nutné, aby se za čali dodržovat n ěkterá pravidla a zákony, která m ěla tuto situaci zm ěnit. Jedním z prvních velkých zne čiš ťovatel ů životního prost ředí se stal automobilový pr ůmysl a bylo tedy t řeba za čít p řemýšlet více ekologicky a ekonomicky. První takový pokus byl elektromobil, na který se na n ěkolik let soust ředil automobilový pr ůmysl. S nástupem lepších vozovek již nem ěl dosta čující výkonnostní parametry jízdy a spolu s malým dojezdem vrátily tyto pohony zp ět do vývoje. Proto se hledal kompromis, který by snížil emise spalovacích motor ů na co nejnižší úrove ň a zárove ň se nějakým zp ůsobem využilo výhod elektrických pohon ů. Tímto chytrým mezikrokem se stal hybridní pohon, ten pomohl automobil ům jezdit „zelen ěji“ a motorist ům úsporn ěji. I p řes výhody t ěchto pohon ů jsou však stále nejvíce rozší řené klasické spalovací motory. Jedním z hlavních d ůvod ů je fakt, že p řestavba starších voz ů na hybridní pohon je náro čná nebo zcela neproveditelná. Navíc první hybridní automobil, s lepšími jízdními vlastnostmi, přišel na sv ět roku 1997. [1] Pravý význam slova hybrid se p řekládá z latiny jako vzniklý k řížením, smíšením, kříženecký, míšený. To naprosto p řesn ě jedním slovem vystihuje tento pohon, nebo ť hybridní pohon je „k říženec“ spalovacího motoru a elektromotoru. V dnešní dob ě se význam slova hybrid bere p ředevším jako za řízení pohán ěné více než jedním druhem pohonu. Tato práce se tedy zam ěř uje p ředevším na popis, co to vlastn ě znamená hybridní pohon, jaké jsou zp ůsoby řazení spalovacího motoru a elektrického motoru. V druhé části práce je seznam dostupných hybridních osobních voz ů a dodávek do 1t užitkové hmotnosti a jejich vzájemné porovnání. 1 Historie hybridních automobil ů První nápad hybridního automobilu p řišel mezi roky 1665 a 1680, kdy Ferdinanda Verbiesta napadla myšlenka, sestrojit parní pohon pro císa řský ko čár, který byl pohán ěn parou a zárove ň ko ňmi. Prakticky tento zp ůsob pohonu již spl ňoval myšlenku hybridního pohonu, jako ho známe dnes, nebo ť byl ko čár pohán ěn více než jedním druhem pohonu. Dalším z důležitých vynález ů, který byl p ředzv ěstí pravého hybridního automobilu, byl nap říklad první elektromobil, který vynalezl Robert Anderson v letech 1832 až 1839 nebo elektromobil, který v roce 1970 vynalezl Sir David Solomon. Nicmén ě elektromobil Roberta 9 Hybridní automobily Martin Vojáček 2012 Andersona se velice t ěžko nabíjel a dojezd byl malý a elektromobil Sira Davida Solomona měl t ěžké baterie. Oba tyto elektromobily tedy pot řebovaly vylepšit, nicmén ě položily základy pro další vývoj elektromobil ů a hybridních automobil ů. [2] Obr. 1.1 Hybridní v ůz Semper Vivous [3] Vynálezcem prvního pravého hybridního automobilu s názvem Semper Vivous, byl konstruktér a rodák z českých Vratislavic Ferdinand Porsche ve svých
Recommended publications
  • Department of General Services, Drive Green California 2018: Alternative
    2018 Drive Green California Now online at Alternative Fuel Vehicles Available Through State of California Contracts green.ca.gov/fleet Explore Explore the latest alternative fuel vehicles available to state and local agencies through contracts with the Department of General Services. From electric to compressed natural gas, these vehicles will help your agency meet Governor Brown’s alternative fuel vehicle goals. Greening Your Chevrolet Bolt Electric Vehicle . 10 Government Fleet . 2 Honda Clarity Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle . 11 Cars Hyundai Ioniq Available to all state and local agencies Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle . 12 Toyota Mirai Kia Optima Fuel Cell Vehicle . 4 Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle . 13 Volkswagen e-Golf Kia Niro LX Electric Vehicle . 5 Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle . 14 Hyundai Ioniq Chevrolet Volt Electric Vehicle . 6 Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle . 15 Ford Focus Ford Fusion Energi Electric Vehicle . 7 Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle . 16 Kia Soul Toyota Prius Prime Plus Electric Vehicle . 8 Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle . 17 Nissan Leaf S Hyundai Ioniq Blue Electric Vehicle . 9 Hybrid Electric Vehicle . 18 Kia Niro Trucks Hybrid Electric Vehicle . .19 Available to all state and local agencies Ford C-Max SE Hybrid Electric Vehicle . .20 BYD T7 — Cab and Chassis Electric Vehicle . 28 Ford Fusion S Hybrid Electric Vehicle . .21 BYD T7 — Cargo Van Electric Vehicle . 29 Toyota Prius Hybrid Electric Vehicle . .22 BYD T5 — Cab and Chassis Electric Vehicle . 30 Toyota Prius C Hybrid Electric Vehicle . 23 Ford F-450 Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Vehicle . .31 Chevrolet Malibu Hybrid Electric Vehicle . 24 Ford F-550 Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Vehicle .
    [Show full text]
  • Monitoring and Laboratory Division Vapor Recovery and Fuel Transfer Branch Vapor Recovery Regulatory Development Section Project Number: VR-11-11 Report No
    Monitoring and Laboratory Division Vapor Recovery and Fuel Transfer Branch Vapor Recovery Regulatory Development Section Project Number: VR-11-11 Report No. VR-OP-A4 OVERPRESSURE STUDY Technical Support Document Evaluation of Assist Vapor Recovery Nozzle ORVR Vehicle Recognition Performance Under Controlled Fueling Conditions December 6, 2017 This report has been reviewed and approved by the staff of the California Air Resources Board. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Air Resources Board, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK . TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................ 1 I. BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................ 3 II. OBJECTIVE.............................................................................................................. 7 III. METHODOLOGY ..................................................................................................... 9 A. Test Site Selection .............................................................................................. 10 B. Vapor Recovery System Performance Testing ................................................... 11 C. Vehicle Fueling Events ....................................................................................... 11 D. Motor Vehicle Fuel Siphoning
    [Show full text]
  • Part 573 Safety Recall Report 17V-295
    OMB Control No.: 2127-0004 Part 573 Safety Recall Report 17V-295 Manufacturer Name : Gulf States Toyota, Inc. Submission Date : MAY 02, 2017 NHTSA Recall No. : 17V-295 Manufacturer Recall No. : 17R2 Manufacturer Information : Population : Manufacturer Name : Gulf States Toyota, Inc. Number of potentially involved : 409 Address : 1375 Enclave Parkway Estimated percentage with defect : 100 % Houston TX 77077 Company phone : 713-744-3465 Vehicle Information : Vehicle 1 : 2017-2017 Toyota 4Runner Vehicle Type : LIGHT VEHICLES Body Style : SUV Power Train : GAS Descriptive Information : Certain model year 2017 Toyota 4Runner, 86, Avalon, Camry, Camry Hybrid, Corolla, Corolla iM, Highlander, Highlander Hybrid, Prius, Prius C, Rav4, Rav4 Hybrid, Sienna, Yaris vehicles Production Dates : MAR 21, 2017 - MAR 30, 2017 VIN Range 1 : Begin : NR End : NR Not sequential Vehicle 2 : 2017-2017 Toyota 86 Vehicle Type : LIGHT VEHICLES Body Style : 2-DOOR Power Train : GAS Descriptive Information : Certain model year 2017 Toyota 4Runner, 86, Avalon, Camry, Camry Hybrid, Corolla, Corolla iM, Highlander, Highlander Hybrid, Prius, Prius C, Rav4, Rav4 Hybrid, Sienna, Yaris vehicles Production Dates : MAR 21, 2017 - MAR 30, 2017 VIN Range 1 : Begin : NR End : NR Not sequential Vehicle 3 : 2017-2017 Toyota Avalon Vehicle Type : LIGHT VEHICLES Body Style : ALL Power Train : GAS Descriptive Information : Certain model year 2017 Toyota 4Runner, 86, Avalon, Camry, Camry Hybrid, Corolla, Corolla iM, Highlander, Highlander Hybrid, Prius, Prius C, Rav4, Rav4 Hybrid,
    [Show full text]
  • Toyota Prius C Completes the Prius Family of Vehicles
    Toyota Prius c Completes the Prius Family of Vehicles January 10, 2012 DETROIT , Michigan, Jan.10, 2012 – Following the U.S. debut of the all-new 2012 Prius c at the 2012 North American International Auto Show here, Toyota Motor Sales (TMS), U.S.A., Inc., plans to bring this dynamically styled, five-door hatchback to market in March of 2012, and introduce Toyota’s Hybrid Synergy Drive to the subcompact segment. The letter “c” represents “city” in the Prius c name. Designed to function as an urban-friendly vehicle with an engaging driving experience, hatchback utility, and a city fuel economy rating of 53 mpg, Prius c offers the highest city mpg rating of any vehicle without a plug. The all-new Prius c joins the Prius Family, which includes the third generation Prius Liftback, the versatile new Prius v and the Prius Plug-in Hybrid, which will debut in early 2012. Beginning with the first generation fourteen years ago, over two million Prius units have been sold worldwide. Prius remains the world’s premier eco-vehicle brand, and has made great strides establishing consumer trust in hybrid technology. With Prius c, Toyota will make the market’s most proven hybrid technology available to subcompact car shoppers with a starting MSRP below $19,000. Unique Place in the Prius Family A gateway product into the Prius Family, the new Prius c will find favor with younger shoppers seeking a smartly designed, fuel-efficient subcompact car packing advanced drivetrain and in-car technology. The Prius c will offer engaging driving dynamics with superior urban maneuverability.
    [Show full text]
  • Vehicle Theft Prevention Quick Reference Guide for the LAW ENFORCEMENT COMMUNITY FOREWORD
    •2014• Vehicle Theft Prevention Quick Reference Guide FOR THE LAW ENFORCEMENT COMMUNITY FOREWORD The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration is responsible for establishing and enforcing vehicle antitheft regulations. Motor vehicle theft is a growing problem that results in billions of dollars in losses every year. NHTSA has developed this annual guide to provide the law enforcement community with a concise reference tool to help identify passenger motor vehicles that have been exempted from the parts-marking requirements through model year 2014, and also to assist law enforcement in its prosecution and motor vehicle theft prevention efforts. This updated Vehicle Theft Prevention Quick Reference Guide for the Law Enforcement Community provides a quick- reference, comprehensive summary of the vehicles that have been installed with antitheft devices as standard equipment, identifying which vehicles are exempted from the parts-marking requirements, the type of exemption granted (partial or full), and the production years for which the exemptions apply. This guide gives comprehensive information for vehicle lines based on the amendment to the parts-marking requirements. The parts-marking requirements have been extended to include • all passenger cars, • all multipurpose passenger vehicles with gross vehicle weight ratings of 6,000 pounds or less, • all light-duty trucks with gross vehicle weight ratings of 6,000 pounds or less determined to be high-theft, and • all low-theft, light-duty trucks with gross vehicle weight ratings of 6,000 pounds or less having a majority of their major parts interchangeable with those of a passenger motor vehicle line subject to the theft prevention standard. As a result of that amendment, this publication provides updated information to the law 2 2014 Vehicle Theft Prevention Quick Reference Guide i enforcement community only on new truck lines FOREWORD ....................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Prius C Brochure Eng V4.Indd 1 2015-11-18 3:06 PM Great Things Have You Can Come in Driven the Small, Hybrid Future Yet?
    2016 2016 Prius C Brochure Eng_V4.indd 1 2015-11-18 3:06 PM Great things Have you can come in driven the small, hybrid future yet? packages. Tomorrow’s road will be nothing like today’s. Thankfully, Toyota has been developing new mobility Prius c was created with the big city in mind. As the solutions for urban environments that will carry us smallest member of the Prius family, Prius c makes all forward for many years to come. One example the most out of every situation. Its low centre of gravity is the iRoad, an innovative, ultra-compact trike that design and 9.6 metre (11.4 metre for Prius c Technology) provides the convenience of a motorcycle, with turning circle not only deliver agile and responsive handling the comfort and stability of a car. Like the Prius c, but also make parking in the most challenging of spaces it showcases Toyota’s expertise in innovative, low incredibly easy. With its combined fuel efficiency rating of impact mobility solutions for our changing world. 4.7 L/100 km, you can make short work of getting uptown, Tomorrow’s roads belong to nimble, efficient, hybrid even when you’re all the way downtown. Complementing its vehicles – the kind that Toyota is now designing and bold and sleek compact design is a modern and stylish interior building. with a surprising amount of space. Whether you and four friends are heading out for a night of fun, or you’re configuring the seats to transport all of your gear, Prius c will always make the most out of any situation.
    [Show full text]
  • Toyota Canada Inc. – Awards and Accolades
    Toyota Canada Inc. – Awards and Accolades Year Who What Interbrand Best Global Brands Toyota #8 among all brands Top 100 Toyota #1 among automotive brands Best Value in Canada Award: Toyota (3 consecutive years) Best Hybrid Brand in Canada Compact Hybrid: Toyota Prius c Large Sedan: Toyota Avalon (3 consecutive years) Mid-Size Crossover: Toyota Highlander Crossover Hybrid: Toyota Highlander Hybrid (3 consecutive 2014 Vincentric Best Value in years) Canada (Consumer Mid-Size SUV: Toyota 4Runner (3 consecutive years) Large SUV: Toyota Sequoia (3 consecutive years) Compact Pickup: Toyota Tacoma (3 consecutive years) Premium Mid-Size Hybrid: Lexus ES 300h (2 consectuive years) Micro: Scion iQ (2 consecutive years) Best Passenger Fleet Value in Canada Award : Toyota (3 consecutive years) Best Hybrid Fleet Brand in Canada: Toyota (2 consecutive years) Subcompact: 2014 Toyota Yaris CE Compact Hybrid: 2014 Toyota Prius c 2014 Vincentric Best Fleet Mid-Size Sedan: 2014 Toyota Camry LE Value in Canada Awards Mid-Size Sedan, Hybrid: 2014 Toyota Camry Hybrid LE (2 consecutive years) Mid-Level Compact Crossover: 2014 Toyota RAV4 LE 2014 Crossover Hybrid: 2014 Toyota Highlander Hybrid LE (2 consecutive years) Large SUV: 2014 Toyota Sequoia SR5 Compact Pick: Toyota Tacoma 4x2 J.D. Power and Associates Platinum Plant Quality Award: TMMC Cambridge South Plant SM 2014 Initial Quality Study Compact Premium Car: 2014 Lexus ES AutoNerve Magazine’s 2014 2014 Toyota Corolla Chinese-Canadian Consumers 2014 Lexus IS Top 10 Car Choice
    [Show full text]
  • 18-Prius-C-Brochure-En.Pdf
    PRIUS C WAS CREATED WITH THE BIG CITY IN MIND. GREAT THINGS CAN COME IN SMALL, As the smallest member of the Prius family, the new 2018 Prius c makes the most out of every situation. Its low centre of gravity design and 9.6 metre turning circle not only deliver agile and responsive handling but also make parking in the most challenging of spaces incredibly easy. With its combined fuel efficiency rating of 5.1 L/100 km, you can make short work getting to any destination. Complementing its refreshed sleek design is a sporty and versatile interior with smart tech and eye-catching details that will give you a stylish look that’s all your own. Whether you’re heading out for a night of fun or you’re configuring the seats to transport all of your HYBRID PACKAGES gear, Prius c will alwa ys make the most out of any situation. Best of all, knowing that over 85% of Toyotas sold in Canada in the last 20 years are still on the road today13 means you can rely on discovering the city with the Prius c for years to come. 2 Prius c w/Upgrade Package shown in Moonglow. FRONT COVER Prius c Technology shown in Clear Emerald Pearl. FEATURES Display Audio System4 w/available Navigation5 Multi-Information Display w/ECO Monitor Available Touch Tracer Display Backup Camera Push Button Start/Smart Key System Available Heated Front Seats w/SofTex® Trim 60/40 Split Rear Seats Available Power Moonroof COMFORTABLY Power Adjustable Heated Mirrors GET THE MOST OUT OF EVERY DRIVE.
    [Show full text]
  • What the Future Holds for Automotive Powertrains
    What the Future Holds for Automotive Powertrains Bob Wimmer Director, Energy & Environmental Research Center for Energy Economics December 8, 2016 Product Regulatory Affairs https://vimeo.com/143250488 1 Outline • How did we get here ……… or where did all these regulations come from? • Future powertrains already among us –Hybrids –Plug‐in Vehicles –Fuel Cell Vehicles • Alt fuel infrastructure • The future Product Regulatory Affairs 12/08/2016 2 For Decades it was About Air Pollution Product Regulatory Affairs 12/08/2016 3 Then Energy Security Product Regulatory Affairs 12/08/2016 4 Now Green House Gases Data: NASA Product Regulatory Affairs 12/08/2016 5 Resulting in a Plethora of Automotive Regulations Type of Federal State Regulation DOT/NHTSA EPA California 177 States Tank to Wheel Fuel Economy GHG GHG RFS (Biofuel) LCFS Well to Tank RPS (Renewable Electricity) Tech Mandate Zero Emission Vehicle Zero Emission Vehicle Upon request of industry, DOT, EPA & CA combined their separate requirements into a single One National Program (ONP) targeting a fleet average CO2 of 163 g/mi by 2025. Product Regulatory Affairs 12/08/2016 6 What Does Compliance Look Like CAFE Standards vs. Fleet Fuel Economy One NationalCA Program Air Resources Board CO2 Requirement Compliance Scenario Compliance requires a portfolio of technologies Product Regulatory Affairs 12/08/2016 7 Toyota’s Corporate Challenge Reduce Tank‐to‐wheel CO2 Emissions * Compared to Toyota’s 2010 global average Powertrain Diversity will Expand Product Regulatory Affairs 12/08/2016 8 Hybrid is Step One and Toyota’s Core Strategy Toyota Prius Toyota Prius V Toyota Prius Plug‐In Toyota Prius c Up to 56 MPG 42 MPG ~120 MPGe/ ~55 MPG 50 MPG Toyota Camry Hybrid Toyota TS‐050 Hybrid Toyota Mirai Toyota Avalon Hybrid 41 MPG Li‐Ion Battery 67 MPGe 40 MPG Lexus GS 450h Lexus CT 200h Lexus ES 300h Lexus LS600hL 31 MPG 42 MPG 39 MPG 20 MPG Toyota RAV4 Hybrid Highlander Hybrid Lexus NX 300h Lexus RX 450h 33 MPG 28 MPG 33 MPG 30 MPG Fuel Economy –EPA MPG (Combined); Actual mileage will vary.
    [Show full text]
  • Toyota Canada Inc. – Awards and Accolades
    Toyota Canada Inc. – Awards and Accolades Year Who What 2013 L’Annual de L’automobile Toyota Avalon 2013 “Clefs d’Or” Toyota Sequoia Scion FR-S Le Guide de L’Auto 2013 Toyota Avalon (Full-Size Sedcan) “Best Buy” Vincentric Best Value in Toyota (Passenger Car Brand) Canada Toyota Prius (Compact Hybrid) Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid (Electric/Plug-in Hybrid) Toyota Camry Hybrid (Mid-Size Sedan, Hybrid) Toyota Avalon (Large Sedan) Toyota Highlander Hybrid (Crossover, Hybrid) Toyota 4Runner (Mid-Size SUV) Toyota Sequoia (Large SUV) Toyota Tacoma (Compact Pickup) Lexus ES 350 (Premium, Mid-Size Sedan) Lexus ES 300h (Premium, Mid-Size Sedan, Hybrid) Lexus IS C Series (Premium Convertible) Scion iQ (Micro) Kelly Blue Book “Top 10 Best Prius c Back to School Car of 2013” 2013 J.D. Power and Lexus LS (Large Premium Car) Associates APPEAL Award 2013 J.D. Power and Lexus LS Associates Initial Quality Study (IQS) 2013 Reader’s Digest “Most Toyota Trusted Brand” in Canada 2013 Best Green Global Brand Toyota BrandZ 2013 Top 100 Most Toyota valuable Global Brands Lexus (Top 10) 2013 Chinese-Canadian Lexus GS Consumer Car Choice Top 10 Scion FR-S (AutoNerveMagazine) 2013 J.D. Power and Lexus (Highest ranked luxury brand) Associates Customer Service Index (CSI) Study News and World Report’s 2013 Toyota Prius (Best Hatchback for Families) Best Cars for Families 2013 Highlander Hybrid (Best Hybrid SUV for Families) Insurance Institute for Toyota 4Runner Highway Safety (IIHS) Safety Toyota Avalon Ratings - “Top Safety Pick”
    [Show full text]
  • Gasoline-Electric Hybrid Synergy Drive
    Gasoline-Electric Hybrid Synergy Drive NHP10 Series Foreword This guide was developed to educate and assist dismantlers in the safe handling of Toyota Prius c gasoline-electric hybrid vehicles. Prius c dismantling procedures are similar to other non-hybrid Toyota vehicles with the exception of the high voltage electrical system. It is important to recognize and understand the high voltage electrical system features and specifications of the Toyota Prius c hybrid, as they may not be familiar to dismantlers. High voltage electricity powers the A/C compressor, electric motor, generator, and inverter/converter. All other conventional automotive electrical devices such as the headlights, radio, and gauges are powered from a separate 12 Volt auxiliary battery. Numerous safeguards have been designed into the Prius c to help ensure the high voltage, approximately 144 Volt, Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) Hybrid Vehicle (HV) battery pack is kept safe and secure in an accident. The NiMH HV battery pack contains sealed batteries that are similar to rechargeable batteries used in some battery operated power tools and other consumer products. The electrolyte is absorbed in the cell plates and will not normally leak out even if the battery is cracked. In the unlikely event the electrolyte does leak, it can be easily neutralized with a dilute boric acid solution or vinegar. High voltage cables, identifiable by orange insulation and connectors, are isolated from the metal chassis of the vehicle. Additional topics contained in the guide include: • Toyota Prius c identification. • Major hybrid component locations and descriptions. By following the information in this guide, dismantlers will be able to handle Prius c-electric vehicles as safely as the dismantling of a conventional non-hybrid automobile.
    [Show full text]
  • KN Filters Prijslijst Editie 1-7-2021
    KN filters prijslijst editie 1-7-2021 Productcode Omschrijving EAN Prijs Korting 100-8506 K&N Luchtscoop met D-vormige opening 25.4 cm hoogte (100-8506) 24844241221 € 1.280,98 A 22-1422PK Precharger Filterhoes 356 x 57mm - Zwart (22-1422PK) 24844042453 € 78,50 A 22-1422PL Precharger Filterhoes 356 x 57mm - Blauw (22-1422PL) 24844042460 € 82,64 A 22-1422PR Precharger Filterhoes 356 x 57mm - Rood (22-1422PR) 24844042477 € 78,50 A 22-1422PY Precharger Filterhoes 356 x 57mm - Geel (22-1422PY) 24844042484 € 82,64 A 22-1430PK Precharger Filterhoes 356 x 76mm - Zwart (22-1430PK) 24844042491 € 74,37 A 22-1430PL Precharger Filterhoes 356 x 76mm - Blauw (22-1430PL) 24844042507 € 78,50 A 22-1430PR Precharger Filterhoes 356 x 76mm - Rood (22-1430PR) 24844042514 € 78,50 A 22-1430PY Precharger Filterhoes 356 x 76mm - Geel (22-1430PY) 24844042521 € 82,64 A 22-1440PK Precharger Filterhoes 356 x 102mm - Zwart (22-1440PK) 24844042538 € 78,50 A 22-1440PL Precharger Filterhoes 356 x 102mm - Blauw (22-1440PL) 24844042545 € 90,90 A 22-1440PR Precharger Filterhoes 356 x 102mm - Rood (22-1440PR) 24844042552 € 82,64 A 22-1440PY Precharger Filterhoes 356 x 102mm - Geel (22-1440PY) 24844042569 € 90,90 A 22-1450PK Precharger Filterhoes 356 x 127mm - Zwart (22-1450PK) 24844042576 € 82,64 A 22-1450PL Precharger Filterhoes 356 x 127mm - Blauw (22-1450PL) 24844042583 € 90,90 A 22-1450PR Precharger Filterhoes 356 x 127mm - Rood (22-1450PR) 24844042590 € 90,90 A 22-1450PY Precharger Filterhoes 356 x 127mm - Geel (22-1450PY) 24844042606 € 90,90 A 22-2000PL Drycharger Filterhoes
    [Show full text]