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Three New Species of the Genus Caesarodispus (Acari: Microdispidae) Associated with Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a Key to Species

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Three New Species of the Genus Caesarodispus (Acari: Microdispidae) Associated with Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a Key to Species bs_bs_banner Entomological Science (2015) 18, 461–469 doi:10.1111/ens.12149 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Three new species of the genus Caesarodispus (Acari: Microdispidae) associated with ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a key to species Vahid RAHIMINEJAD, Hamidreza HAJIQANBAR and Ali Asghar TALEBI Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Abstract Three new species of the genus Caesarodispus (Acari: Heterostigmatina: Microdispidae) phoretic on ants are described from Iran: C. khaustovi Rahiminejad & Hajiqanbar sp. nov., C. pheidolei Rahiminejad & Hajiqanbar sp. nov. and C. nodijensis Rahiminejad & Hajiqanbar sp. nov. All species were associated with alate ants of the subfamily Myrmicinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from northern Iran. A key to all species of Caesarodispus is provided. Key words: Heterostigmatina, host range, Iran, mite, phoresy. INTRODUCTION (Kaliszewski et al. 1995; Walter et al. 2009). The most prevalent hosts for this family are beetles and ants. Phoresy is a common form of migration in mites and, in Specific relationships between phoretic microdispid myrmecophilous species, phoresy usually occurs on mites and their phoronts are generally restricted to one alate ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (Hermann et al. family or a few host genera: for instance, all mites of the 1970). At least 17 families of mites are associated genus Caesarodispus Mahunka, 1977 are associated with ants, the most common being the uropodine fami- with ants of the genera Myrmica, Messor, Tetramorium, lies Oplitidae, Trachyuropodidae and Uropodidae Temnothorax, Solenopsis and Crematogaster, all (Mesostigmata), the Laelapidae (Mesostigmata) belonging to the subfamily Myrmicinae (Loghmani et al. and the Histiostomatidae (Sarcoptiformes). The 2014). On the other hand, some genera have a wider Heterostigmatina (Trombidiformes: Prostigmata) is a host range: for example, the genus Paramicrodispus diverse and distinctive group of trombidiform mites that Khaustov, 2009 has been found on centipedes of the have phoretic, parasitic and parasitoid relationships family Scolopendridae and beetles of the families with insects. Ants are no exception, with Scutacaridae, Carabidae, Scarabaeidae and Lucanidae (Khaustov Neopygmephoridae, Pygmephoridae, Tarsonemidae and 2009; Hajiqanbar et al. 2012). Microdispidae all recorded from ants (Moser & Until now, the genus Caesarodispus contained nine Blomquist 2011). described species: C. samsinaki (Mahunka, 1967) from The Microdispidae Cross, 1965 comprises more than the Czech Republic, Ukraine, Belarus and Russia 110 described species in 18 genera (Zhang et al. 2011; (Sevastianov 1978; Khaustov 2014); C. gaius Mahunka, Hajiqanbar & Hosseininaveh 2014). Microdispid mites 1977 from France; C. modestus (Berlese, 1903) from are mostly fungivorous and, like many families of the Italy and Crimea (Khaustov 2009); C. brevipes Heterostigmatina, usually migrate by phoresy Mahunka, 1981 from Hungary; C. minutus (Sevastianov, 1981) from Ukraine, Iran and Russia (Khaustov 2014; Loghmani et al. 2014); C. acuminatus Correspondence: Hamidreza Hajiqanbar, Department of (Sevastianov, 1981) from Ukraine; C. klepzigi Khaustov Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Ale Ahmad Avenue, Tehran 14115-336, Iran. & Moser, 2008 from the USA; C. pusillus Khaustov, Email: [email protected] 2009 from Crimea; and C. shandizensis Loghmani & http://zoobank.org/References/D0581BF0-E4F1-4C5F-8E87 Hajiqanbar, 2014 from Iran (Loghmani et al. 2014). -3E562F8B019E Our investigations into heterostigmatine mites associ- Received 23 September 2014; accepted 17 March 2015. ated with insects in Golestan Province (northern Iran) © 2015 The Entomological Society of Japan V. Rahiminejad et al. during spring and summer 2013 led to the discovery of Diagnosis. See Khaustov (2009, 2014). three new species of the genus Caesarodispus phoretic on ants. The aim of this paper is to describe these new species. A key to world species of the genus Caesarodispus khaustovi Rahiminejad & Hajiqanbar Caesarodispus is also provided. sp. nov. MATERIALS AND METHODS http://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/39920A67- E982-425A-B6F1-EA071FE5671B Host alate ants were captured by light trap at three (Figs 1–7) different sites in Golestan Province, northern Iran, Diagnosis. The new species is characterized by having during spring and summer 2013. Mite specimens were these characters: distance between h1–h1 about 2.5 times cleared in lactophenol and mounted in Hoyer’s medium. longer than h1–h2; seta h1 (50–52) longer than h2 (30– The morphology of the mites was studied by a light 33); seta e associated with apodeme; all dorsal setae microscope with phase contrast (BX51; Olympus Cor- extend beyond posterior border of their tergites; cupuli poration, Tokyo. Japan). The terminology used in the rhombic. description follows that of Lindquist (1986). All mea- Female. Length of idiosoma 200 (193–200), width 110 surements in the description are given in micrometers (110–117). (μm) for the holotype and (when available) five Gnathosoma (Figs 1,2). Gnathosomal capsule elon- paratypes (in parentheses). Details of geographical posi- gated, dorsally with two pairs of cheliceral setae ch1 9 tion were recorded using a global positioning system (8–10) and ch2 9 (9–10); palpi two-segmented, (eTrex 10J; Garmin, Lenexa, KS, USA). Ant hosts were femorogenu with subequal setae dFe 4 (4–4) and dGe 4 identified by the help of Dr Bernhard Seifert (Depart- (4–4); gnathosoma ventrally with one pair of ment of Entomology, Senckenberg Museum für subcapitular setae su 9 (9–10); pharyngeal system well Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany). sclerotized (Fig. 3), including three pumps, pump II The holotypes of the new species, along with their host developed with transversely striate and pumps I and III ants, are deposited in the Acarological Collection, Depart- vestigial. ment of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Idiosomal dorsum (Fig. 1). Body elliptic, all tergites Modares University, Tehran, Iran, and (if available) one smooth; stigmata oval and thin peritremes visible; all paratype of each species is deposited in the National dorsal setae pointed and barbed except short and Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA. smooth sc2; prodorsal shield with stigmata, The following morphological abbreviations are used. trichobothria and setae sc2 25 (22–25); tergite C with C, D, EF, H, opisthosomal segment I, II, III, IV, bearing two pairs of setae c1 41 (40–45) and c2 52 (50–51), setae setae c1,2, d, e, f, h1,2; ia and ih, first and fourth pairs of c2 longer than c1, posterior border of tergite C straight; opisthosomal cupuli; sc , second pairs of scapular setae; 2 tergite D with setae d 53 (50–51), cupuli ia rhombic ch , first and second cheliceral setae; dGe, dorsal 1,2 shape and situated posterior to seta d; tergite EF with genual seta; dFe, dorsal femoral seta; su, subcapitular two pairs of setae e 56 (55–58) and f 59 (57–60), bases setae; ap1–4, apodemes I–IV, respectively; appo, of setae e associated with weakly developed apodemes; poststernal apodeme; appr, presternal apodeme; apsej, tergite H with setae h1 50 (50–52) and h2 33 (30–32), sejugal apodeme; 1a,b, 2a,b, 3a–c, 4a–c, setae of cupuli ih rhombic shape and placed anterior to seta h2; coxisternal plates 1–4, respectively; ps1,3, first and third distance h1–h1 more than 2.5 times longer than h1–h2; all pseudanal setae; tc, tectal; ft, fastigial; pv, primiventral; dorsal setae extending beyond posterior border of their pl, primilateral; p, proral; s, subunguinal; l, lateral; v, tergites. Distances between dorsal setae: sc2–sc2 32 (31– ventral; d, dorsal; φ1,2, first and second tibial solenidion; 34), c1–c1 42 (41–42), c2–c2 60 (56–58), c1–c2 12 (11– ω , first and second tarsal solenidion; u, unguinal; 1,2 12), d–d 45 (43–45), e–e 68 (66–71), f–f 27 (26–28), e–f prime (′) and double-prime (″), anterior and posterior 20 (21–22), h1–h1 42 (41–44), h2–h2 54 (54–57), h1–h2 faces of appendage, respectively. 11 (10–12). Idiosomal venter (Fig. 2). Apodemes I and III weakly SYSTEMATICS developed, apodemes II joined with presternal apodeme, Family Microdispidae Cross, 1965 presternal apodeme not reaching to sejugal apodeme; all ventral plates smooth; all ventral setae smooth; poste- Genus Caesarodispus Mahunka, 1977 rior margin of posterior sternal plate with a small pro- Type species: Caesarodispus gaius Mahunka, 1977, by tuberance in middle part; apodemes IV long and well original designation. developed, reaching beyond bases of setae 3b; 462 Entomological Science (2015) 18, 461–469 © 2015 The Entomological Society of Japan Three new species of Caesarodispus Figures 1–3 Caesarodispus khaus- tovi, female. 1 Body in dorsal view; 2 body in ventral view; 3 pharyngeal system. Figures 4–7 Caesarodispus khaus- tovi, female. 4 Leg I; 5 leg II; 6 leg III; 7 leg IV. apodemes V reduced; posterior margin of aggenital Legs (Figs 4–7): Leg I (Fig. 4). Thinner and shorter plate rounded; coxal field I with setae 1a 26 (24–26) and than other legs. Setal formula: (number of solenidia in 1b 20 (19–20); coxal field II with setae 2a 37 (36–39) parentheses): Tr1–Fe3–Ge4–TiTa16 (+ω1, ω2, φ1 and φ2). and 2b 27 (24–27); coxal field III with setae 3a 37 Tibiotarsus I without claw, with five blunt-ended (34–37), 3b 32 (31–33) and 3c 32 (32–34); coxal eupathidial setae (p″, tc′, tc″, ft′ and ft″), solenidion ω1 15 field IV with setae 4a 40 (39–42), 4b 55 (54–58) and 4c (15) finger shaped, thick and long, solenidion ω2 9 (9–10) 27 (25–28), seta 4b longest on idiosomal venter; uniformly thin, solenidion φ1 6 (5–6) finger shaped and pseudanal plate with setae ps1 18 (16–20) and ps3 24 stemmed, φ2 9 (7–9) uniformly thin; genu with seta l′ (23–26) indistinctly barbed. longer than others; femur with setae v″ and l′ subequal Entomological Science (2015) 18, 461–469 463 © 2015 The Entomological Society of Japan V. Rahiminejad et al. and shorter than d; trochanter with one seta v′ shortest beyond tip of pretarsus IV; posterior part of aggenital on leg I.
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