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Gwydir River Selected Area 2019-20 Annual Summary Report

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Gwydir River Selected Area 2019-20 Annual Summary Report HYDROLOGY | FOOD WEBS | VEGETATION | WATERBIRDS | FISH Gwydir River Selected Area 2019-20 Annual Summary Report Gwydir Selected Area 2019-20 Annual Summary Report This monitoring project was commissioned and funded by the Commonwealth Environmental Water Office. Copyright © Copyright Commonwealth of Australia, 2020 Commonwealth Environmental Water Office Monitoring, Evaluation and Research Program: Gwydir River Selected Area 2019-20 Annual Summary Report is licensed by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons By Attribution 3.0 Australia licence with the exception of the Coat of Arms of the Commonwealth of Australia, the logo of the agency responsible for publishing the report, content supplied by third parties, and any images depicting people. For licence conditions see: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/ This report should be attributed as ‘Commonwealth Environmental Water Office Monitoring, Evaluation and Research Program: Gwydir River Selected Area 2019-20 Annual Summary Report, Commonwealth of Australia 2020’. The Commonwealth of Australia has made all reasonable efforts to identify content supplied by third parties using the following format ‘© Copyright, [name of third party]’. Disclaimer The views and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Australian Government or the Minister for the Environment. While reasonable efforts have been made to ensure that the contents of this publication are factually correct, the Commonwealth does not accept responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the contents, and shall not be liable for any loss or damage that may be occasioned directly or indirectly through the use of, or reliance on, the contents of this publication. Gwydir Selected Area 2019-20 Annual Summary Report Document control Version Date Reviewed by Approved by Dr Mark Southwell, Dr Sarah Dr Paul Frazier, Prof Darren 1 23/9/2020 Mika Ryder Neal Foster, Gavin Pryde, 20/10/2020 Hilary Rossow, Brooke Sargent Shjarn Winkle, Dr Mark 2 26/11/2020 Dr Paul Frazier Southwell Item Details UNE Project Number A19/467 Project Director/s Dr Paul Frazier, Prof Darren Ryder Project Manager Dr Sarah Mika, Dr Mark Southwell Dr Sarah Mika, Dr Paul Frazier, Dr Darren Ryder, Dr Mark Southwell, Dr Ivor Growns, Dr Steve Debus, Dr Debbie Bower, Dr Gavin Butler, Dr Leo Prepared by Cameron, Luke Carpenter-Bundoo, Shjarn Winkle, Josh Oxley, Ben Vincent, Sam Lewis Cover image: Coolibah Woodland wetland in the Lower Gwydir system. Photo Ben Vincent UNE Gwydir Selected Area 2019-20 Annual Summary Report Contents Executive Summary .................................................................................................................. i 1 Monitoring and evaluation of environmental water in the Gwydir River Selected Area .. 1 1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Gwydir River Selected Area ............................................................................................ 1 2 Environmental watering in the Gwydir Selected Area in 2019-20 ................................. 4 3 Key Outcomes from environmental water use ............................................................... 7 3.1 Monitoring .................................................................................................................... 7 3.1.1 Expected Outcomes ...................................................................................................... 7 3.2 Flows and Ecosystem Functions .................................................................................. 10 3.3 Water quality responses to flow ................................................................................... 13 3.4 Ecological Response to Flow ........................................................................................ 13 3.5 Summary .................................................................................................................... 17 3.6 Research ..................................................................................................................... 17 3.7 Communications and Engagement .............................................................................. 18 4 Implications for future management of Commonwealth environmental water ............. 19 5 References ................................................................................................................. 20 Gwydir Selected Area 2019-20 Annual Summary Report List of Figures Figure 1 The Gwydir River catchment and its location within the Murray-Darling Basin. ........... 2 Figure 2 The Gwydir River Selected Area with monitoring zones highlighted. ........................... 3 Figure 3 Monthly rainfall at Moree Airport (BOM station – 53115) during the 2019-20 water year compared to the long-term average ........................................................................................ 4 Figure 4 Annual rainfall measured at the Moree combined station (BOM station no.53048- now closed 1965 – 1995) and Moree Aero (BOM station no.53115 1996 – 2020) ........................... 5 Figure 5 Mean maximum and minimum temperatures at Moree Airport (BOM station – 53115) over the 2019-20 water year compared to the long-term average ............................................ 5 Figure 6 Gwydir channel hydrology and connectivity, Copeton Dam to Pallamallawa, 2019-20 water year. ........................................................................................................................... 10 Figure 7 Flow hydrograph for gauging stations in the Gwydir River, Mehi River and Carole Creek during the refuge pool maintenance flows in the 2019-20 water year. ................................... 11 Figure 8 Gingham and lower Gwydir inundation map sequence over the 2019-20 water year. 12 Figure 9 Spangled perch (Leiopotherapon unicolor) collected in the lower Gwydir River as part of MER Fish (River) monitoring, June 2020. .............................................................................. 14 Figure 10 Latham’s snipe (Gallinago hardwickii) a migratory species listed under multiple international agreements (top) and magpie goose (Anseranas semipalmata) listed as Vulnerable under the BC Act 2016 (bottom), both observed in the Gwydir Selected Area during MER surveys in 2019-20. .......................................................................................................................... 15 Figure 11 Drought conditions observed in spring 2019 (top) and following autumn inundation (bottom) at both Goddards Lease Ramsar (top and bottom left) and Old Dromana Elders (top and bottom right) vegetation monitoring sites in the lower Gwydir Wetlands. ............................... 16 Figure 12 A story focused on yellowbelly or Dhagaay, published on the 2rog website, was a very effective communication product during 2019-20 (https://2rog.com.au/latestnews/). .......... 18 List of Tables Table 1 Environmental water use during the 2019-20 water year. ........................................... 6 Table 2 Summary of objectives being targeted by environmental watering in the Gwydir River Valley (Commonwealth of Australia 2019a). ............................................................................ 7 Table 3 Watering actions, target assets and evaluated outcomes implemented in the Gwydir Selected Area during 2019-20. ............................................................................................... 9 Gwydir Selected Area 2019-20 Annual Summary Report Abbreviations Abbreviation Description ANAE Australian National Aquatic Ecosystem classification CEWO Commonwealth Environmental Water Office ECAOAC Environmental Contingency Allowance Operation Advisory Committee GL gigalitre GPP Gross Primary Production NPP Net Primary Production ER Ecosystem Respiration ha hectare km kilometre LTIM Project Long-Term Intervention Monitoring Project MER Project Monitoring, Evaluation and Research Project MDBA Murray-Darling Basin Authority ML/d Megalitres per day mS/cm millisiemens per centimetre NP National Park NSW New South Wales SCA State Conservation Area Selected Area The Gwydir River Selected Area Gwydir Selected Area 2019-20 Annual Summary Report Executive Summary Contributions of Commonwealth Environmental Water River channels - Environmental water delivered in November-January helped to maintain refuge pools and improve water quality. However, a blackwater event associated with the first refuge pool maintenance flow occured in the upper Mehi River, likely as a result of high leaf litter loads accumulating in dry channels. - The long-term fish community in the Gwydir remains depauperate, yet relatively good fish abundances were observed in the Gwydir and Mehi systems at the end of 2019-20. There was evidence of recruitment in most native species across the water year. Wetlands - Ecological communities of the lower Gwydir wetlands showed high levels of resilience during 2019-20. - Inflows into the wetlands including water for the environment, and above average rainfall in late summer-autumn drove a positive response in both waterbird and vegetation communities. This represented a substantial recovery from the spring 2019 surveys when vegetation and waterbirds showed the poorest condition (richness, total count and cover) since the monitoring project begun (July 2014). - Turtle populations at Gingham Waterhole were able to use different strategies
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