Reidentification of Pheromone Composition Of
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Lepidoptera of North America 5
Lepidoptera of North America 5. Contributions to the Knowledge of Southern West Virginia Lepidoptera Contributions of the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity Colorado State University Lepidoptera of North America 5. Contributions to the Knowledge of Southern West Virginia Lepidoptera by Valerio Albu, 1411 E. Sweetbriar Drive Fresno, CA 93720 and Eric Metzler, 1241 Kildale Square North Columbus, OH 43229 April 30, 2004 Contributions of the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity Colorado State University Cover illustration: Blueberry Sphinx (Paonias astylus (Drury)], an eastern endemic. Photo by Valeriu Albu. ISBN 1084-8819 This publication and others in the series may be ordered from the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity, Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 Abstract A list of 1531 species ofLepidoptera is presented, collected over 15 years (1988 to 2002), in eleven southern West Virginia counties. A variety of collecting methods was used, including netting, light attracting, light trapping and pheromone trapping. The specimens were identified by the currently available pictorial sources and determination keys. Many were also sent to specialists for confirmation or identification. The majority of the data was from Kanawha County, reflecting the area of more intensive sampling effort by the senior author. This imbalance of data between Kanawha County and other counties should even out with further sampling of the area. Key Words: Appalachian Mountains, -
Insect Survey of Four Longleaf Pine Preserves
A SURVEY OF THE MOTHS, BUTTERFLIES, AND GRASSHOPPERS OF FOUR NATURE CONSERVANCY PRESERVES IN SOUTHEASTERN NORTH CAROLINA Stephen P. Hall and Dale F. Schweitzer November 15, 1993 ABSTRACT Moths, butterflies, and grasshoppers were surveyed within four longleaf pine preserves owned by the North Carolina Nature Conservancy during the growing season of 1991 and 1992. Over 7,000 specimens (either collected or seen in the field) were identified, representing 512 different species and 28 families. Forty-one of these we consider to be distinctive of the two fire- maintained communities principally under investigation, the longleaf pine savannas and flatwoods. An additional 14 species we consider distinctive of the pocosins that occur in close association with the savannas and flatwoods. Twenty nine species appear to be rare enough to be included on the list of elements monitored by the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (eight others in this category have been reported from one of these sites, the Green Swamp, but were not observed in this study). Two of the moths collected, Spartiniphaga carterae and Agrotis buchholzi, are currently candidates for federal listing as Threatened or Endangered species. Another species, Hemipachnobia s. subporphyrea, appears to be endemic to North Carolina and should also be considered for federal candidate status. With few exceptions, even the species that seem to be most closely associated with savannas and flatwoods show few direct defenses against fire, the primary force responsible for maintaining these communities. Instead, the majority of these insects probably survive within this region due to their ability to rapidly re-colonize recently burned areas from small, well-dispersed refugia. -
Insect Resistance in Cranberry Elvira De Lange & Cesar Rodriguez
Insect resistance in cranberry Elvira de Lange & Cesar Rodriguez-Saona November 2014 Insects and pathogens are considered a major problem in cranberry production; insects are estimated to reduce yield by 1-2% and without spraying, cranberry false blossom, a phytoplasma vectored by a leafhopper, would eliminate commercial cranberry production (Dan Schiffhauer, personal communication). Spraying of chemical insecticides is the most common practice to combat pathogenic microbes and herbivorous insects, but beneficial insects, such as honeybees, important pollinators of cranberry, and natural enemies of herbivores, such as predators and parasitoids, could be affected as well. Therefore, we studied the defensive mechanisms that cranberry plants themselves use to combat insect pests. We focused on the most important insect pests of cranberry in New Jersey, the third largest cranberry producing area in the United States: gypsy moth [Lymantria dispar L. (Lepidoptera: Erebidae)], Sparganothis fruitworm [Sparganothis sulfureana Clemens (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)], spotted fireworm [Choristoneura parallela Robinson (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)] and blunt-nosed leafhopper [Limotettix vaccinii Van Duzee (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)]. 1. Cranberry resistance to gypsy moth Gypsy moth is an invasive pest that is especially destructive to oaks in the northeast of the United States. The insect occasionally does extensive damage to cranberry (REF). In a greenhouse setting, we evaluated the resistance of seven cranberry varieties to this pest insect. We measured direct, as well as indirect defenses – direct defenses include the production of toxic compounds that have a direct negative impact on the feeding insects (REF), and indirect defenses include the emission of volatile organic compounds in response to herbivory that can attract the natural enemies of the herbivores (REF). -
Jasmonate-Mediated Induced Volatiles in the American Cranberry, Vaccinium Macrocarpon: from Gene Expression to Organismal Interactions
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE published: 29 April 2013 doi: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00115 Jasmonate-mediated induced volatiles in the American cranberry, Vaccinium macrocarpon: from gene expression to organismal interactions Cesar R. Rodriguez-Saona1*, James Polashock 2 and Edi A. Malo3 1 Department of Entomology, Philip E. Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry Research, Chatsworth, NJ, USA 2 Genetic Improvement of Fruits and Vegetables Lab, Philip E. Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry Research, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Chatsworth, NJ, USA 3 Grupo de Ecología de Artrópodos y Manejo de plagas, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Tapachula, Chiapas, México Edited by: Jasmonates, i.e., jasmonic acid (JA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA), are signaling hormones Erik Poelman, Wageningen University, that regulate a large number of defense responses in plants which in turn affect the plants’ Netherlands interactions with herbivores and their natural enemies. Here, we investigated the effect Reviewed by: Nicole M. Van Dam, Radboud of jasmonates on the emission of volatiles in the American cranberry, Vaccinium macro- University Nijmegen, Netherlands carpon, at different levels of biological organization from gene expression to organismal Colette Broekgaarden, Wageningen interactions. At the molecular level, four genes (BCS, LLS, NER1, and TPS21) responded University, Netherlands significantly to gypsy moth larval feeding, MeJA, and mechanical wounding, but to dif- *Correspondence: ferent degrees. The most dramatic changes in expression of BCS and TPS21 (genes in Cesar R. Rodriguez-Saona, Philip E. Marucci Center for Blueberry and the sesquiterpenoid pathway) were when treated with MeJA. Gypsy moth-damaged and Cranberry Research, 125A Lake MeJA-treated plants also had significantly elevated expression of LLS and NER1 (genes in Oswego Road, Chatsworth, NJ the monoterpene and homoterpene biosynthesis pathways, respectively). -
Control of Sparganothis Pilleriana Schiff. and Lobesia Botrana Den
Use of pheromones and other semiochemicals in integrated production IOBC wprs Bulletin Vol. 25(•) 2002 pp. •-• Control of Sparganothis pilleriana Schiff. and Lobesia botrana Den. & Schiff. in German vineyards using sex pheromone-mediated mating disruption Friedrich Louis, Anne Schmidt-Tiedemann, Karl-Josef Schirra State Education and Research Center for Agriculture, Viticulture and Horticulture, 67435 Neustadt/Wstr., Germany Abstract: Investigations were conducted from 1996 to 2000 to determine the feasibility of con- trolling the tortricid pest Sparganothis pilleriana Schiff. using its sex pheromone. Intitially, dif- ferent pheromone blends were tested in the field and the results have been published in previous papers. In 2000, after treating three generations of the pest with pheromone, the larval infestation was finally evaluated. The pheromone treatment reached a very good efficacy in reducing the larvae. Evaluation of larval density in 2000 after using mating disruption to control three genera- tions of the pest revealed that pheromone could provide economic control. Investigations on the use of the mating disruption technique against another very important tortricid in German viticul- ture, Lobesia botrana Den. & Schiff., showed the control of this pest with pheromones was very effective. Most importantly, mating disruption was effective against an occasional third generation of this pest that cannot be controlled using insecticide. The use of pheromone and insecticide could reduce the density of L. botrana to levels where pheromone alone could be used to achieve economic control. Key words: viticulture, Sparganothis pilleriana, Lobesia botrana, pheromones, mating disrup- tion, third generation Introduction Sparganothis pilleriana Schiff. (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) is a tortricid native to Germany that causes severe damage in several German and European vine growing regions. -
Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae) and Evolutionary Correlates of Novel Secondary Sexual Structures
Zootaxa 3729 (1): 001–062 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3729.1.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CA0C1355-FF3E-4C67-8F48-544B2166AF2A ZOOTAXA 3729 Phylogeny of the tribe Archipini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae) and evolutionary correlates of novel secondary sexual structures JASON J. DOMBROSKIE1,2,3 & FELIX A. H. SPERLING2 1Cornell University, Comstock Hall, Department of Entomology, Ithaca, NY, USA, 14853-2601. E-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, T6G 2E9 3Corresponding author Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by J. Brown: 2 Sept. 2013; published: 25 Oct. 2013 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 JASON J. DOMBROSKIE & FELIX A. H. SPERLING Phylogeny of the tribe Archipini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae) and evolutionary correlates of novel secondary sexual structures (Zootaxa 3729) 62 pp.; 30 cm. 25 Oct. 2013 ISBN 978-1-77557-288-6 (paperback) ISBN 978-1-77557-289-3 (Online edition) FIRST PUBLISHED IN 2013 BY Magnolia Press P.O. Box 41-383 Auckland 1346 New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ © 2013 Magnolia Press 2 · Zootaxa 3729 (1) © 2013 Magnolia Press DOMBROSKIE & SPERLING Table of contents Abstract . 3 Material and methods . 6 Results . 18 Discussion . 23 Conclusions . 33 Acknowledgements . 33 Literature cited . 34 APPENDIX 1. 38 APPENDIX 2. 44 Additional References for Appendices 1 & 2 . 49 APPENDIX 3. 51 APPENDIX 4. 52 APPENDIX 5. -
Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
1 A molecular phylogeny of Cochylina, with confirmation of its relationship to Euliina 2 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) 3 4 John W. Brown*1, Leif Aarvik2, Maria Heikkilä3, Richard Brown4, and Marko Mutanen5 5 6 1 National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA, e-mail: 7 [email protected] 8 2 Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Norway, e-mail: [email protected] 9 3 Finnish Museum of Natural History, LUOMUS, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, 10 Finland, e-mail: [email protected] 11 4 Mississippi Entomological Museum, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA, e-mail: 12 [email protected] 13 5 Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, PO Box 3000, 90014, University of Oulu, Finland, e- 14 mail: [email protected] 15 *corresponding author 16 17 This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Brown, J.W., Aarvik, L., Heikkilä, M., 18 Brown, R. and Mutanen, M. (2020), A molecular phylogeny of Cochylina, with confirmation of its 19 relationship to Euliina (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Syst Entomol, 45: 160-174., which has been 20 published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12385. 21 1 22 Abstract. We conducted a multiple-gene phylogenetic analysis of 70 species representing 24 23 genera of Cochylina and eight species representing eight genera of Euliina, and a maximum 24 likelihood analysis based on 293 barcodes representing over 220 species of Cochylina. The 25 results confirm the hypothesis that Cochylina is a monophyletic group embedded within a 26 paraphyletic Euliina. We recognize and define six major monophyletic lineages within 27 Cochylina: a Phtheochroa Group, a Henricus Group, an Aethes Group, a Saphenista Group, a 28 Phalonidia Group, and a Cochylis Group. -
The Taxonomy of the Side Species Group of Spilochalcis (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) in America North of Mexico with Biological Notes on a Representative Species
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 1984 The taxonomy of the side species group of Spilochalcis (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) in America north of Mexico with biological notes on a representative species. Gary James Couch University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses Couch, Gary James, "The taxonomy of the side species group of Spilochalcis (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) in America north of Mexico with biological notes on a representative species." (1984). Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014. 3045. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/3045 This thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE TAXONOMY OF THE SIDE SPECIES GROUP OF SPILOCHALCIS (HYMENOPTERA:CHALCIDIDAE) IN AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO WITH BIOLOGICAL NOTES ON A REPRESENTATIVE SPECIES. A Thesis Presented By GARY JAMES COUCH Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE May 1984 Department of Entomology THE TAXONOMY OF THE SIDE SPECIES GROUP OF SPILOCHALCIS (HYMENOPTERA:CHALCIDIDAE) IN AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO WITH BIOLOGICAL NOTES ON A REPRESENTATIVE SPECIES. A Thesis Presented By GARY JAMES COUCH Approved as to style and content by: Dr. T/M. Peter's, Chairperson of Committee CJZl- Dr. C-M. Yin, Membe D#. J.S. El kin ton, Member ii Dedication To: My mother who taught me that dreams are only worth the time and effort you devote to attaining them and my father for the values to base them on. -
Giovanny Fagua González
Phylogeny, evolution and speciation of Choristoneura and Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) by Giovanny Fagua González A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Systematics and Evolution Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta © Giovanny Fagua González, 2017 Abstract Leafrollers moths are one of the most ecologically and economically important groups of herbivorous insects. These Lepidoptera are an ideal model for exploring the drivers that modulate the processes of diversification over time. This thesis analyzes the evolution of Choristoneura Lederer, a well known genus because of its pest species, in the general context of the evolution of Tortricidae. It takes an inductive view, starting with analysis of phylogenetic, biogeographic and diversification processes in the family Tortricidae, which gives context for studying these processes in the genus Choristoneura. Tectonic dynamics and niche availability play intertwined roles in determining patterns of diversification; such drivers explain the current distribution of many clades, whereas events like the rise of angiosperms can have more specific impacts, such as on the diversification rates of herbivores. Tortricidae are a diverse group suited for testing the effects of these determinants on the diversification of herbivorous clades. To estimate ancestral areas and diversification patterns in Tortricidae, a complete tribal-level dated tree was inferred using molecular markers and calibrated using fossil constraints. The time-calibrated phylogeny estimated that Tortricidae diverged ca. 120 million years ago (Mya) and diversified ca. 97 Mya, a timeframe synchronous with the rise of angiosperms in the Early-Mid Cretaceous. Ancestral areas analysis supports a Gondwanan origin of Tortricidae in the South American plate. -
Dorset Moths (Vc9) Annual Report 2019
DORSET MOTHS (VC9) ANNUAL REPORT 2019 Paul Butter, Phil Sterling, Mike Hetherington, Jack Oughton & Alison Stewart 1 CONTENTS Introduction Mike Hetherington 2 Highlights of the Year Jack Oughton 4 Summary of 2019 Records Alison Stewart 6 List of Recorders 8 Macro Moths 2019 Paul Butter & Mike Hetherington 9 Micro Moths 2019 Phil Sterling 27 Migrant Moth Report 2019 Paul Butter & Jack Oughton 36 Dearth of Daytime Observations Paul Butter 39 Dorset Moths Annual Meeting 2019 Mike Hetherington 40 Grass Webworms in Dorset 2019 Mike Hetherington 41 The Geometrician Grammodes stolida – a first for Dorset, recorded day-flying on Portland on 24/09. Photo of that record © Bob Johnson. Moitrelia obductella – another Dorset first for the year, found as larvae on Marjoram Origanum vulgare Wyke Regis on 20/06. Photo of adult raised from larva by Dave Foot © Paul Harris. Front cover images © Mike Hetherington (Cream-spot Tiger & Elephant Hawk-moth), Paul Butter (Forester), Paul Harris (Ancylolomia tentaculella). DMG Logo © Chris Manley 2 INTRODUCTION Welcome to the Dorset Moths Annual Report for 2019. As many of you will be aware, a new verification team took over when Les Evans-Hill stepped down as County Moth Recorder at the end of 2016. The current team members are: Adrian Bicker (Living Record), Terry Box, Paul Butter, Pete Forrest, Julian Francis, Mike Hetherington, Tom Morris, Jack Oughton, Phil Sterling (micro moth County Moth Recorder) and Alison Stewart (Dorset Environmental Records Centre). After addressing a backlog in the verification of records for 2017 and 2018 the team is now in a position to produce an Annual Report for 2019. -
Chasing Sympatric Speciation
C HASING SYMPATRIC SPECIATION - P rezygotic isolation barriers in barriers isolation rezygotic CHASING SYMPATRIC SPECIATION THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE AND GENETIC BASIS OF PREZYGOTIC ISOLATION BARRIERS IN DIVERGING POPULATIONS OF Spodoptera SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA frugiperda frugiperda S ABINE H ÄNNIGER SABINE HÄNNIGER CHASING SYMPATRIC SPECIATION THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE AND GENETIC BASIS OF PREZYGOTIC ISOLATION BARRIERS IN DIVERGING POPULATIONS OF SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA ‘Every scientific statement is provisional. […]. How can anyone trust scientists? If new evidence comes along, they change their minds.’ Terry Pratchett et al., The Science of Discworld: Judgement Day, 2005 S. Hänniger, 2015. Chasing sympatric speciation - The relative importance and genetic basis of prezygotic isolation barriers in diverging populations of Spodoptera frugiperda PhD thesis, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands ISBN: 978 94 91407 21 5 Cover design: Sabine Hänniger Lay-out: Sabine Hänniger, with assistance of Jan Bruin CHASING SYMPATRIC SPECIATION THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE AND GENETIC BASIS OF PREZYGOTIC ISOLATION BARRIERS IN DIVERGING POPULATIONS OF SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA ACADEMISCH PROEFSCHRIFT ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit van Amsterdam op gezag van de Rector Magnificus prof. dr. D.C. van den Boom ten overstaan van een door het College voor Promoties ingestelde commissie, in het openbaar te verdedigen in de Agnietenkapel op dinsdag 06 oktober 2015, te 10.00 uur door SABINE HÄNNIGER geboren te Heiligenstadt, Duitsland Promotores prof. dr. S.B.J. Menken 1 prof. dr. D.G. Heckel 2 Co-promotor dr. A.T. Groot 1,2 Overige leden prof. dr. A.M. de Roos 1 prof. dr. P.H. van Tienderen 1 prof. dr. P.C. -
Korte Risicobeoordeling Choristoneura Parallela
Korte risicobeoordeling Choristoneura parallela (EU – Q) Naam waaronder gereguleerd: Choristoneura spp. (niet-Europese) Categorie: insecten en mijten Er zijn tientallen soorten bekend binnen het geslacht Choristoneura. (EFSA_Panel_on_Plant_Health et al., 2019) noemt 47 soorten en ondersoorten. De soorten en ondersoorten komen voor in Noord-Amerika, Eurazië en Afrika. Er is echter onzekerheid over de taxonomische status van de Afrikaanse soorten (Fagua et al., 2019). Voor de EU vormen Choristoneura-soorten die aanwezig zijn in de Noord-Amerika het grootste gevaar (EFSA_Panel_on_Plant_Health et al., 2019). Dit zijn de soorten die behoren tot de ‘Spruce budworm species complex’: C. pinus, C. fumiferana, C. retiniana, C. carnana, C. lambertiana, C. occidentalis occidentalis, C. occidentalis biennis en C. orae. Dit zijn soorten die significante schade veroorzaken in bossen in Noord-Amerika. Andere soorten die voorkomen in Noord-Amerika en bekend zijn als schadelijk zijn C. conflictana, een plaag van populier, C. rosaceae een plaag op planten uit de familie van de Rosaceae en C. parallela die Vaccinium aantast. Voor deze soorten is een korte risicobeoordeling opgesteld. Voor de andere niet-Europese Choristoneura soorten zijn geen gegevens beschikbaar over hun schadelijkheid (EFSA_Panel_on_Plant_Health et al., 2019). In het huidige document wordt het risico van C. parallela beoordeeld. Datum: december 2019 1. Verspreiding, waardplanten en belangrijkste pathways Verspreiding Europese Unie: geen meldingen (EPPO Global Database, 10.09.2019) Buiten de Europese Unie: Canada en de Verenigde Staten (VS) (Mini-datasheet in de EPPO Global Database, 10.09.2019) Waardplanten – Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. (cranberry) (EFSA_Panel_on_Plant_Health et al., 2019). Het is een incidenteel plaagorganisme op aardbei, appel en rozen (Stuart & Polavarapu, 1998).